Safety Note 43pg

EXCAVATION / TRENCH - 1
1. What is excavation and trench?

Excavation - Excavation is any man made cut, cavity Trench, depression in an earth
surface, formed by earth removal. OR
Excavation is a process of digging to soil, man made cut cavity, trench by earth removal.
Trench Excavation – Trench becomes narrow underground excavation could be longer
but not deeper than it wide and wide of trench can not be more than 4.5 meters (15 feets).
2. Excavation Hazards.
 Excavation Collapse and Excavation Flood.
 Excavation as Confined Space (Depth 1.2 meter).
 Materials falling into excavation.
 Destroying Near by structures and under ground services,
 People and Vehicles falling into excavations.
 Underground utility pipe line.
3. General Safety Measures.
 Conduct risk assessment of the task.
 Wear the proper personnel protective equipment (PPE).
 Acquire the proper PTW if needed.
 Post adequate warning signs and physical barricades.
 Proper prepare Access / Egress.
 Be prepared for emergences.
 All excavation shall be inspected by a competent person before personnel can enter.
 Do not enter an excavation if you be live it poses a hazard.
4. Safety Measures.
 A task specific Risk Assessment shall be conducted for all personnel entries in to
open Excavations.
 Where an excavation exceeds 1.2 meters or 4 fits in depth, a permit to work &
Confined Space Entry Certificate shall be required.
5. Safety Measures, Access / Egress.
 A stairway, Ladder, Ramp or other safe means of access or egress shall be provided
in all trenches that are 4 feet more in depth and shall be positioned at intervals of 25
feet maximum lateral travel for employees.
 A minimum of two access and egress points shall be provided for all excavation.
 Double guardrail shall be provided on all walkways, ramps or bridges where
employees are required or permitted to cross over excavation or trenches.
 Exhaust system because Carbon Monoxide (Co) seeping in to open trenches and it is a
as phyxioting poisonous fumes.
 Excavation materials shall be kept one meter away from the edge.
 Clear barricade area, flash light and warning sign.
 Slop or bench the sides of the excavation or shoring the excavation.
 Hard or Physical Barricade is installed around the excavation.
Shamshad Alam – Ranchi Page 1 of 40

6. Excavation Requirements.
 Safe access into excavation required ladders etc.
 Safe access must be no further than 6 m from point of work.
 Excavation must be inspected by competent person daily and after rain etc.
 Inspected results must be recorded and maintained in a register.
 Hazard warning (Lights) for night at open excavation accessible to workers.
7. Definitions
 Excavation - A man made cut, cavity, trench or depression formed by earth removal.
 Trench - A narrow excavation depth is greater than wide but not wider than 15 fits.
 Shield - A structure able to with stand a cave-in & protect employees.
 Shoring - A structure supports the sides of an excavation & protects against cave-in.
 Sloping - A technique that employees a specific angle of incline on the sides of the
excavation. The angle varies based on assessment of impacting site factors. Slops and
configurations of sloping a protective system.
8. Factors Involved in Designing a Protective System.
 Soil Classification, Depth of Cut, Water Content of Soil.
 Changes due to weather and climate.
 Other operations in the vicinity.
9. Shoring - General.
 Provides framework to work in.
 Uses wholes, Cross braces and uprights, Supports excavation walls.
 Must know soil type, depth and width of excavation, must be.
10. Protection from fall, Falling Loads and Mobile Equipment.
 Install barricades, Use hand / mechanical signals.
 Grade soil away from excavation.
 Fence or barricade trenches left overnight.
 Use a flagger when signs, signals and barricade are not enough protection.
11. Inspection of Excavations - A competent person must make daily inspections of
excavations area round then and protective systems.
 Before work starts and as needed.
 After rain storms, High winds or other occurrence which may increase hazard.
 When you can reasonably anticipate an employees will be exposed to hazard.
12. SUMMARY
 The greatest risk in an excavation is a cave-in.
 Employees can be protected through sloping, shielding and shoring the excavation.
 A competent person is responsible to inspect the excavation.
 Other excavation hazards include water accumulation, Oxygen deficiency, Toxic
Fumes, fall and Mobile Equipment.

FIRE AND SAFETY - 2
1. What is Fire ?
Ans. The rapid oxidation of a fuel evolving heat, Particulates, Gases and non-ionizing
radiation.
Three Components of the Fire Triangle. Fuel + Heat + Oxygen = Chemical Reaction.
2. Fire Prevention - Prevention is based on eliminating or minimizing one of the
components of ¨Fire Triangle¨.
3. Fire Classification.
 A - Trash wood paper – Wood ,cloth, paper, rubber, many plastic
 B - Liquids grease – Gasoline, oil, tar, oil-based paint, flammable liquid
and gases.
 C - Electrical equipment – Energized electrical equipment.
 D - Combustible metals – Magnesium , Sodium, Potassium, Titanium,
Zirconium, and other flammable metals.
 K - Cooking Media – Cooking fats and hot oils catering equipment.
 A - Combustible material – Wood, paper.
 B - Flammable liquid – Gasoline & oil.
 C - Flammable gases – Methane, propane.
 D - Metal base – Magnesium.
 E - Electrical base – Energized electrical equipment.
 K - Cooking base - Catering equipment.
4. Fire Extinguisher Anatomy.
 Discharge – Liver, Locking Pin & Seal, Hose, Nozzle, Orifice.
 Pressure gauge – Carrying Handle, Data Plate.
5. Fire Extinguisher Application.
Fire Class Effective Extinguisher Types
 A - Wood Paper – Pressurized Water, Multipurpose Dry Chemical, Larger Size
Halon, Wet Chemical.
 B - Liquid Gases – Multipurpose dry chemical, Carbon dioxide halon, Foam.
 C - Electrical equipment – Multipurpose dry chemical , Carbon dioxide halon,
Wet chemical.
 D - Combustible Materials – Combustible materials (Special DCP)
 K - Cooking media – Wet chemical.
6. Types of Fire Extinguisher.
(1) Pressurized Water – Class Ä ¨ Fire only, Red Color.
 2.5 gallon water at 150 - 175 psi (up to 1 minute discharge time )
 30 - 40 feet maximum effective range.
 Extinguisher by cooling burning material below the ignition point.
(2) Carbon Dioxide (Co2) – Class ¨B¨ or ¨C ¨ Fires, Black Color.
 2.5 - 100 lbs of CO2 gas at 150 - 200 psi (8 - 30 seconds discharge times)
 3 - 8 feet maximum effective range,
 Extinguishers by smothering burning materials
(3) Multipurpose Dry Chemical – Class Ä ¨ , ¨B¨ or ¨C¨ Fires.

 2.5 - 20 lbs dry chemical (Ammonium Phosphate) Pressurized to 50 – 200 psi by
nitrogen gas (8 - 25 Second discharge time)
 Extinguishers by smothering burning materials.
(4) Halon – Class Ä¨, ¨B¨ or ¨C¨ Fires (Smaller size ineffective against class Ä¨ )
 9 - 17 lbs halon 1211 (Pressurized liquid ) released as vapor ( 8-18 second discharge time)
 Extinguishers by smothering burning material
(5) Combustible Metal – Class ¨D¨ Fire only.
 30 lbs pressurized dry powder optimized for specific combustible metal.
 To activate, must first open nitrogen cylinder or back to pressurized body.
 Extinguishes by smothering burning material.
(6) Wet Chemical – Class Ä¨, ¨C¨ and ¨K¨ Fires.
 1.5 gallon of stored pressure PR x Wet chemical extinguishing agent (40 second
discharge time)
 Extinguishes by cooling and smothering
 Color code of Extinguishers.
 Water Extinguisher – Red
 Carbon Dioxide – Black and Black band
 Dry chemical – Blue
7. Fire Emergency Response.
R – Rescue, A – Alarm, C – Contain, E – Extinguish.
8. Fighting the Fire.
P - Pull the pin, A - Aim low at the base of flames,
S - Squeeze the handles S - Sweep side to side
9. Base Fire Fighting.
R - Remove all personnel to assembly area, A - Activate alarm
C - Contain by closing doors and windows, E - Extinguish with multipurpose units.
Note :- Methods of Heat Transfer
 Radiation, Convection, Conduction.
 Check and inspections – Exterior of the exit Weekly and Monthly. It is good
conditions or replace its.
 To get permission from the safety officer about the replacement .
 CO2 Extinguisher can not be repaired should be discharge and destroyed.
10. Extinguisher Type :
 Dry chemical -- Powder, Foam -- Various types,
 V.F.L.S -- Vapor forming liquids
(CO2 , Halon 1211 , Halon 1301) Expire Extinguisher – 5 years
Annual maintenance procedure not more than 5 years.
CTC – Carbon Tetra Chloride.
ELECTRICAL – SAFETY – 3

Takes very little electricity to cause harm and significant risk of causing fires.
Electricity is the flow of energy from one place to other.
Current - Electrical movement (Measured in amps).
Circuit - Complete path of the current (Electrical source).
Resistance - Restriction to electrical flow.
Conductors - Like metals, with resistance to electrical to flow.
Grounding - A conductive connection to the earth which acts as a protective measure.
Insulators - To prevent electricity from getting to unwanted area with cover plastic or Wood.
1. Electrical Injuries - There are four main types of electrical injuries.
Direct - Electrocution or death due to electrical shock, Electrical shocks burns.
Indirect - Falls.
Electrical Shock - Electrical current passes through the body. Touching a live wire and
an electrical ground or another wire at a different voltage.
mA - milliampere = 1 /1000 of a ampere.
Burns - When touch electrical wire or equipment very serious injury most common sock.
Falls - Workers in elevated locations, a shock may fall – in serious injury or death.
 Low Voltage - 0 to 1000 volts.
 Medium Voltage - 1000 to 13.8 Kv.
 High Voltage - 13.8 Kv & above.
2. Electrical Hazards - Electrical shocks, Fire or fall result from these hazards.
Exposed electrical parts, Overhead power line, Inadequate wiring,
Defective insulation, Improper grounding, Overloaded circuits,
Improper PPE, Damaged tools and equipment.
 Unsafe equipment or installation.
 Workplace made unsafe by the environment.
 Unsafe work practices (Not experience).
3. Control - Close Opening.
 Junction boxes, pull boxes and fittings must have approved covers.
 Unused opening in cabinets, boxes and fittings must be closed (No missing
knockouts)
4. Hazard - Overhead Power Line.
 Usually not insulated - Crane, Ladder, Scaffold, Backhoe, Scissors Lift, Raised
dump truck bed, Aluminum paint roller.
Control – Overhead Power Line.
 Stay at least 10 feet away and post warning signs.
 Assume that line are energized and use wood or fiber glass ladders, not metal.
 Power line worker need special training and PPE.
5. Control - Use GFCI (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter).
 Protects you from shock.
 Use GFCI’S on all 120 volt, single phase, 15 & 20 ampere receptacles.
 Detects difference in current between the black and white wires. If ground fault
detected, GFCI shuts off electricity in 1/40th of a second.
6. Control - Electrical Protective Devices.
 Automatically opens circuit if excess current from overload or ground faults
detected shutting off electricity.

 Includes GFCI´S fuses, and circuit breakers.
 Fuses and circuit breakers are over current devices.
 Fuses metal, circuit breakers trip open.
7. Tool Safety Tips.
 Use gloves and appropriate foot ware. And store in dry place when not using.
 Don´t use in wet/damp conditions and keep working area well it.
 Ensure not a tripping hazard. And Remove damage tools from use.
 Don´t carry a tool by the cord & don not yank the cord to disconnect it.
 Keep cords away from heat, oil & sharp edges.
 Disconnect when not in use and when changing accessories such as blades and bits.
8. Preventing Electrical Hazards – Tools.
 Inspect tool before use. And use the right tool correctly.
 Protect your tools and use double insulated tools.
9. Preventing Electrical Hazard - PPE
 Proper foot protection. And Hard hat (Insulated non conductive).
 Rubber insulating gloves, hoods, sleeves matting and blankets.
10. Training - Train employees working with electric equipment in safe work practices.
 De-energize electric equipment before inspecting or repairing.
 Using cords, cables and electric tools that are in good repair.
 Use lockout / tag out recognition and procedures.
 Use appropriate protective equipment.
11. SUMMARY – Hazards and Protection.
 Hazard – Inadequate wiring.
 Exposed electrical parts and wire with bad insulation.
 Ungrounded electrical systems and tools. Overloaded circuits.
 Overhead power line. And Damage power tools & equipment.
 Using the wrong PPE & tools.
 All hazard are made worse in wet conditions.
12. Protective Measure – Proper grounding.
Use GFCI´S, Use fuses and circuit breakers, Guard live parts,
Lockout / Tag out, Proper use of flexible cords, Closed electric panels,
Proper training.
13. SUMMARY -
 Electrical equipment must be:
o Listed and labeled, Free from hazards, Used in the proper manner.
 If you use electrical tools you must be:
o Protect from electrical shock, Provided necessary safety equipment.
14. Lockout – It is a technique used to prevent the release of hazardous energy.

 A padlock is placed on the appropriate energy isolating devices that is in the off or
closed position.

 Prevent accidental switching on off power when equipment is being worked on
under permit.
15. Lockout Procedure.
 Alert the operators that power is being disconnected.
 Preparation of shutdown. And equipment shutdown.
 Equipment isolation. And application of lockout devices.
 Control of stored energy. And equipment isolation verification.
16. Lockout and Tag out Program.
 Electrical – Mechanical, Hydraulic, Pneumatic Chemical, Equipment Machinery
and Piping System.
 Protect equipment from damage :
o This procedure provides instructions for the isolation of equipment and
systems to protect personnel from injury.
o Prevent the release of hazardous material to the environment during
maintenance, tests and construction activities.
 The equipment to be worked is isolated from all sources of energy :
o Electrical - Generated, Static Electricity.
o Mechanical - Transitional, Rotational, Stored Energy.
o Thermal - Machines or Equipment, Chemical Reactions.
o Potential -
o Pressure - Hydraulic, Pneumatic, Vacuum.
o Springs -
o Gravity -
17. Some Key Point about Tags.
 Tags are only Warning Devices.
 Tags must be securely attached.
 May evoke false sense of security.
 Tag does not provide physical restraint.
 Tags must never be ignored.
 Must with stand environmental conditions.
 Tags must be legible and understandable.
 Tags are only removed by the person who placed it.
 Tag is required to be attached by hand and of a strength equivalent to a non-
releasable self locking cable tie.
 Held in place by the padlock.
 Tags shall have legends that warn against hazardous conditions.
 Do not start - System under test.
 Do not energize - Equipment may start up.
 Do not open - Without warning.
 Do not operate - Live line.
 DO NOT CLOSE -
SCAFFLOD – SAFETY - 4
Purpose :- A temporary work platform for working at height.

An elevated temporary work platform.
 To establish the minimum safety related technical requirement for temporary elevated
work areas, ladders and scaffolds.
Scope :- Cover the design, erection, use, alteration and dismantling of temporary elevated
work areas, ladders and supported or under hung scaffolds with fixed platform height.
Type of Scaffolds :-
Tube and Coupler, Fabricated Tubular Frame, Bracket,
Mobile Scaffolds, System Scaffolds.
Three Basic Types -
 Supported Scaffolds - Platforms supported by rigid load bearing members, such
as poles, legs, frames and outriggers.
 Suspended Scaffolds – Platforms suspended by ropes or other non-rigid overhead
support.
 Aerial Lifts - Such as ¨Cherry Pickers¨ or ¨Boo Trucks¨.
Category of Scaffolds :–
Light Duty Scaffold, Medium Duty Scaffold, Heavy Duty Scaffold.
1. Hazards – Employees working on scaffolds are exposed to these hazards.
 Falls from elevation – Caused by slipping unsafe access and the lack of fall protection.
 Struck by falling tools / debris.
 Electrocution – From overhead power line.
 Scaffold collapse - Caused by instability or overloading.
 Bad planking giving way.
Falls Hazard – While climbing on or off the scaffolds.
 Unguarded Scaffold Platforms and Planks Fail.
2. Protecting workers from falls –
 Worker work on a scaffold more than 10 feet up.
 Should be guardrails.
 Personal Fall Arrest Systems (PFAS).
 Must be trained how to properly use PFAS full body harness.
 PFAS include anchorage, lifeline and body harness.
3. Falling Object Protection -
 Wear Hard Hats.
 Barricade area below scaffold to forbid entry into that area.
 Use panels or screens if material is stacked higher than the toe-board.
 Build a canopy or erect a net below the scaffold that will contain or deflect falling
objects.
4. Essential Elements of Safe Scaffold Construction –
 Use appropriate scaffold construction methods.
 Proper scaffold access.
 A competent person to built it.
5. Scaffold Platform Construction - Platforms must :
 Platform must be fully planked or decked with no more than 1 inch gaps.
 Platform must be able to support its weight & 4 times maximum load.
 Platform must be at least 18 inches wide.

 No large gape in front edge of platform (only 13 - 14 inches).
 Each abutted end of plank must rest on a separate support surface.
 Overlap platforms at least 12 inches over supports.
 No paint on wood platforms.
 Fully planked between front upright and guardrail support.
 Component pieces used must match and same type.
 Erect on stable and level ground.
 Lock wheels and braces.
 Scaffold height should not be more than four times its minimum , scaffold wide 5
feet and height 20 feet.
6. Competent Person –
 Person capable of identifying and promptly correcting hazard.
 Determines if it´s safe to work on a scaffold during storms or high winds.
 Trains worker to recognize hazard.
 Selects qualified worker to conduct work.
7. Scaffold Inspection –
 Competent Person inspects scaffolds for visible defects before each shift and after
any alterations.
 Defective parts must be immediately repair.
8. Avoid the main hazard of scaffolds –
 Falls from elevation and getting struck by falling tools or debris.
 Bad planking, Electrocution and Scaffold Collapse.
9. Scaffold Tag –
 Red Tag – It has not been inspected and is not approved.
 Green Tag – It is inspected and approved to work by competent person to all
details displayed on the tag.
 Safe work load of the scaffold should be not exceeded and always check the last
inspection date.
10. SUMMARY – Remember to :
 Use appropriate scaffold construction methods.
 Erect, move or alter scaffold properly.
 Protect from falling objects or tools.
 Ensure stable access.
 Use a competent person.
 Train on scaffold construction on the hazards involved with scaffolds.
 Inspection scaffold / scaffold before each lift and after alterations.
 Determine fall protection requirement.
What is a scaffolding.
Ans - Scaffolding is a temporary & movable work platform for working at height.
Do it.

Confirm if the ground is slid, firm and level before erection.
Make use standards are sitting on the sole board and base plate.
Ensure ledger is level.
Ensure the transoms are level and fitted correctly.
Make sure boards sit flat and firm on the scaffold.
Verify if toe boards are fitted to all side of the scaffold.
Make certain that handrails are fitted to all sides of the scaffold.
Ensure the tie off points of the ladder (top and bottom).
Maintain the step off point of the ladder (1meter above landing place).
Ensure fitting is fastened correctly.
Scaffolds inspection shall be done by a competent person only.
Scaffolds must be inspected at the time of erection.
Use green tag scaffold only.
Don´t.
Do not use the damaged fittings.
Do not use incomplete working platform and with missing boards.
Never allow big gaps in the platform allowing materials /personnel to fall through.
Do not use bent standards(post).
Do not use boards with cracks and splits or other form of damage.
Do not use damaged ladder.
Never use the incorrect fittings.
Do not allow to use non-inspected scaffolds after the scaffold has been modified.
Do not allow use of scaffolds without inspection after bad weather.
Do not use red tag scaffold.
GENERAL SAFETY - 5
1. What is a Safety ?
Safety is a system of working (to protect the people, properties and plant) in which
manufacturing of substance is without loss of person and property.
2. What is an incident ?
Incident is unexpected and unplanned event, In which there is no loss of man and
machine. It is only near misses. It could be happened but couldn´t.
3. What is an accident ?
An accident is undesired event caused by unexpected and unplanned activity that
result is in harm to a person and damage to a property.
Basic cause of accident.
1. Unsafe Act. (experience) - 80% accident occurs by man fault i.e. unsafe act UA.
2. Unsafe Condition - 20% accident occurs by miss management i.e. UC.
Type of injury and accident.
a. Minor injury - Employee can be rest less than 48 Hrs.
b. Loss Time Injury - Employee can be rest more than 48 hrs. / less than 72 hrs.
c. Major Injury - Employee can be rest more than 72 hrs. / as soon.
d. Fatal - That is death.
Classification of Accident.
*A* - Minor Injury, *B* - Lost Time Injury, *C* - All Road Accident / Fatal.
4. What is a hazard and how many type of hazard ?
Source of situation with potential for harm in term of injury, damage to property, or
person and damage to workplace, environment or combination of these are hazard.
There are five types of hazard.
a. Accidental Hazard. b. Physical Hazard. c. Chemical Hazard.
d. Biological Hazard. e. Ergonigical Hazard.
HAZOP - Hazop is versatile technique of hazard identification.
5. What is a Job Hazard Analysis ?
A job hazard analysis is a technique that focuses on job task as way to identify
hazard before they occurs. It focuses on the relationship between the workers the
tools and the work environment. If identify uncontrolled hazard, we should take
steps to eliminate or reduced them to an acceptable risk level.
6. Why is Job Hazard Analysis important ?
To prevent workplace injury and illness by looking at our workplace operations
establishing proper job procedures and ensuring that all employees are trained
properly.
One of the best way to determine and establish proper work procedures is to
conduct a job hazard analysis is one component of the larger commitment of a
safety and health management system.
7. What is a Risk ?
Risk is a combination of the probability of occurrence of a defined hazard and its
estimated gravity.
8. What is a Risk Assessment ?
Risk Assessment is a process of examination of what work could cause harm to
people, property and plant. We have taken enough precaution and control
measure against the record the hazard.

9. What is a Risk Analysis ?
Risk analysis is a method of take right decisions against of potential hazard.
a. Hazard Identification. b. Risk Assessment.
c. Risk Management. d. Risk Communication.
e. Planning of work (Work Procedure). f. Implementation & Evaluation.
10. What is a Job Safety Analysis ?
Job safety analysis is a method of identify and knowing about the dangers or hazard
in the job. To take step of job and developing a solution for each hazard and
eliminate or control the exposure.
a. Work Description b. Crafts Involved c. Basic Job Steps.
d. Risk e. Serial No. f. Recommended Job Procedure.
11. What is a Work Method Statement ?
A document showing the various methods through which a particular work is
accomplished. It also provides a section for the safety measure for that activities.
12. What is the use of Work Method Statement ?
Work method statement described the method in which a particular job is to be
done. This can give complete awareness to the working crew. A JSA can be prepared
based on the WMS. In effect, it helps to finish the job safety.
13. What is a Safe Work Plan ?
A Safe Work Plan for each foreman and crew each day and submit it to his area
manager for review and approval 24 hours prior to the start of work.
14. What is a Safe Action Plan ?
Safety Action Plans are a basic procedure for analyzing a scope of work for hazards
establishing abatement methods and assigning responsibility.
The five basic steps in developing a Safety Action Plan.
a. Define the complete scope of work.
b. Break the scope down to individual task.
c. Identify the potential hazard and assessing the resulting risk.
d. Eliminate or reducing the risk at the source. (where possible)
e. Recommend safe procedures & identify control standard to abate the residual risks.
15. What is a Safety Task Assignments ?
This is procedure provides guidelines for all supervisors who assign work to
employees. Safety Task Assignment is showing or explaining to each employee the
safety application that pertains to the job he is to do. Management down through
foreman to give STA assignments to all employees, either individually or in group.
16. What is a Work Permit ?

A written document authorizing a person or a group to work perform shall be under
the safety rules, regulations of the project and any operation or maintenance and
construction work.
Type of permits that will be used on the project :
1. Cold Work Permit - It is a safe work activity or no ignition of work.
2. Hot Work Permit - Ignition of work as a welling, cutting, grinding etc. activity.

3. Confined Space Permit - Having limited access/egress and deficiency of oxygen.
4. Electrical Hazardous Work - Work on energized circuits/equipment gr.t. 50 volts.
5. Hot Tap Permit - Welding a hot tap connection onto a pipe/vessel installed.
6. Line Break Permit - Enter a pipe/equipment under pressure/contained product.
7. Scaffold Permit - A temporary safe work platform for employees to work at height.
8. Excavation and trenching Permit - Depression in the earth´s surface/earth removal.
9. Crane Lift Permit - To lift material and equipment by a crane.
10. Man Basket Permit - To hoist people an elevated position by a man basket.
11. Elevated Work Permit - Work being performed at an elevation above ground.
12. Road Closed Permit - To restrict traffic/access while work is in progress on the road.
13. Grating Remove/Open Hole Permit - Removal of installed grating.
14. Night Work Permit - Work are being performed during the hours of darkness.
15. Radiography Permit - The emission of atomic particles/electromagnetic radiation.
16. Hazardous Energy Control Permit - Electrical & instrument disconnect work.
a. Opening - Piping and Sewer to removing covers, breaking flanges.
b. Blinding - Installation of blinds into piping / flanged onto equipment/ close
mechanical work.
c. Lock-out/Tag-out - To prevent the energy and equipment being controlled by
isolating device using the Lock-out or Tag-out is removed.
17. Some Other Permit :
a. Electrically Hazardous Task Plan/Permit.
b. Request for Shutdown Electrically Hazardous Task.
c. Notification of Hazard Electrical Work.
d. Notification of Radiography.
Note : Permits pertaining to site access and material entry / exit are not included in
this procedure. Other permits may also be required and will be developed as the
need arise and communicated for implementation.
Recordkeeping : Contractor Safety Manager shall implement a numbering system
for all permits, record all permits in a logbook and retain a copy of each permit of
completed work. Records of permits shall be made available to Owner upon request.
CRANE LIFTING SAFETY - 6
1. How many types of Crane ?

Five types of Crane
a. Mobile Crane b. Crawler or Hydraulic Crane c. Tower Crane
d. Overhead Crane e. Gantry Crane.
2. Major causes of Crane Accident.
Contact with live power line. Overturns Falls Mechanical Failure.
3. Who is at Risk ?
Operator Persons at crane site.
4. How do accident occur ?
 Instability - Unsecured Load, load capacity exceeded, Ground not level or too soft.
 Lack of communication - The point of the operation is a distance from the crane
operator or not in full view of the operator.
 Lack of Training -
 Inadequate Maintenance or inspection -
5. What is Crane Hazards ?
 Improper load rating.
 Excessive speeds (improper loads or speeds can result in the tripping of the crane).
 No hand signals (an illustration of the signals must be posted at the job site).
 Inadequate inspection and maintenance.
Unguarded Parts (Guarded moving parts such as gears or belt)
 Unguarded swing radius. And wind speed more than 20 mile/hour.
 Working too close to power line (stay clear from power line at least 5 miter /10 fits)
 Improper exhaust system and shattered windows.
 No steps or guardrails and walkway.
 No boom angle indicator and using outriggers.
6. Definitions of these ?
Crane - Consists of a rotating structure for lifting and lowering horizontally or
rubber tires or crawler treads.
Hoist - Used to lift and lower load.
Boom - An inclined spar, strut or other long member supporting the hoisting tackle.
Boom Stop - A device used to limit the angle of the boom at its highest position.
Brake - To slow or stop motion by friction or power.
Block - Sheaves or grooved pulleys in a frame with hook, eye and strop.
Jib - Extension attached to the boom point to provide added boom length for
lifting specified loads.
7. Important Point of Crane.
Operator Visibility - Make sure broken windows or other obstructions do not prevent
the operator from seeing.
Ladders of Crane - Use ladders to get to the upper portion of the cab.
Guardrails - Runways and steps need to have guardrails, handrails and
Slip resistant surface.
Suspended Loads - Don´t stay under suspended load.
Boom Angle Indicator - A boom angle indicator must be on the crane.
Supporting Surface - Crane must be on a firm supporting surface & level within 1%.
Swing Radius - Stay out of the swing radius of the crane, Make sure there are
barrier guards showing swing radius.
Sheaves - The groove must be smooth and free from surface defects
which could cause rope damage.
8. Load Capacity - Speed - Warnings.
Make sure the crane operator can see the
a Rated load capacity, b Operating speeds,
c Special hazard warning or instructions.
9. Lifting Operation Procedure.
1. Lifting Procedure.
 A task Risk Assessment has been completed.
 Lifting equipment and lifting gear are certified.
 Load does not exceed or static capacities of the lifting equipment.
2. Lifting Operation Planning.
Weight of the load, Method of lifting, Working radius,
Ground stability, Communication system, Existing services (AG/UG),
Height restriction, Competent resources, Over head power line,
Selection of equipment.
Ground Stability - When planning a lift, consideration must be given to the ground
condition.
Outriggers - These should minimum of 3 times the area dimension of the outrigger
pad and must be fully extended on both sides when performing a lifting operation.
3. Lifting Equipment - Chains, Slings, Shackles, Wire Rope.
4. Restrictions to Crane Operation.
Bad Weather - Wind speed more than 32 km/20 miles per hour (9mtr/second).
Over head Electrical Lines - Crane must be distance 5 meter+ (15 fits) from electric line.
5. Communication System - Proper communication between crane operator and rigger
or banks man by visually signal or radio.
6. Color Code System - The color shall indicate to the user and the inspector that a
inspection has been performed within the project prescribed period.
Color - Yellow Blue Orange Green Red White
Month - Jan/July Feb./Aug. Mar./Sept. Apr./Oct. May/Nov. June/Dec.
7. Lifting Operation Checklist - The lifting operation check list acts as a reminder
and guide lines to the personnel concerned and basically consists of the items
shown below and listed in the lifting operation procedure.
10. Rigging Equipment Slings, Types of slings include alloy
a Steel Chain, b Wire Rope,(Steel Core Rope, Pended Rope)
c Metal Mesh, d Fiber Rope and Synthetic Web.
Load Capacity of Wire Rope according to Wire Thickness.

1 inch wire rope = 8 x (1)2 = 8 ton, and 2 inch rope = 8 x (2)2 = 32 ton.
1 inch Fiber rope = 1 x 1 = 1 ton and 2 inch = 2 ton
Basic Boom = Top + Bottom = Total Capacity of Crane.
Boom Extension setup - 10 fit + 20 fit + 30 = 60 fit boom sequence.
1 Pound or Lbs = 0.450 gm and 1 kg = 2.21 pounds / Lbs.
SWL - Safe Work Load,
SLI - Safe Load Indicator,
PT-EL - Point To Earth Level.(Elevation).
11. Inspection of the Crane.

Inspection & Checklist - Crane should be check daily, weekly, monthly and annually.
Annual Inspection - Inspection of the hoisting machinery must be made by a competent
person.
The employer must maintain a record of these inspections.
Remove immediately damage wire rope or defective slings from service.
Tire inspection - Conduct regular inspection of tires for excessive wear or damage.
12. What to inspection ?
a Correct air pressure and no leaks, b Tires properly inflated,
c Clearance of tail swing, d Wire rope wear, e Fluid leaks,
f Physical damage to crane, g Loose or missing hardware, nuts or bolts.
13. Training - Crane Operator
 Crane operator must be qualified on specific crane type.
 Crane operator must be include on the job training.
Supervisor / Competent Person - Competent Person
 If it needs fixing take it out of service and don´t use it until is fixed.
 The competent person must inspect all machinery and equipment prior to each use
and during use to make sure it is in safe operating condition.
14. Summary.
a. Planning and training reduces accidents.
b. Contact with power lines cause many accidents.
c. A competent person must inspection a crane regularly to insure it is in proper order.
d. Operators or others working in this area can be victims to ¨struck by¨ &¨caught in¨ injuries.
e. An unstable load, lack of communication, lack of training and inadequate
maintenance or inspection are major contributors to crane accidents.
15. Planning Before Start-up.
 Level of crane and ensure support surface is firm and able to support the load.
 Contact power line owners and determine precautions, know the location and
voltage of overhead power line.
 Know the basic crane capacities, limitations and job site restrictions, such as the
location of power line, unstable soil and wind not more than 20 mile/hrs.
 Make other personnel aware of hoisting activities.
 Barricade area within swing radius and ensure proper maintenance & inspections.
 Determine surface area to store materials and place machinery.
16. Know the Weight of the Load.
 Refer to slipping ticket or other documentation.
 Ensure lift calculations are correct.
 Ensure load is within load chart rating for boom length and load radius of crane.
 Crane is rated by the maximum weight it will lift at a minimum radius and
minimum boom length - the further from its center point, the less it will lift.
17. Load Limiting Factors.
Not Level, Wind, (9 mt/hr x 18/5), Lifting over the side,
Use of extensions, Jibs and other attachment, On its wheels,
Limits of wire rope, slings and lifting devices, Side Loads,
18. Mobile Crane Lifting Principles.

Center of Gravity, Leverage, Stability, Structural Integrity,
19. Load Example - 30 ton Crane.
 Will lift 60,000 lbs (pounds) at 10 fit from the center pin of the crane.
 Based on level surface, no high speed wind and outriggers fully extended.
 At 25 fit from the center pin with an 80 foot boom, the capacity is only 14,950 lbs.
 At 74 fit from the center pin, the capacity is only 4,800 lbs (pounds).
20. Important Requirement of Crane Lifting.
 Method Statement and Risk Assessment (Only Engineering Lifting).
 Certified Crane Operator, Rigger (TUV certificate) & Crane (3rd part certificate also).
 Approved Rigging Study /Competent Supervision and Tool Box Meeting.
 Tested / Inspected & Color Code Tackles.
 Daily Crane Checklist. And Firm & Level Ground.
 Wind Velocity (Weather Condition good).
 Slinger / Banks-man and Crane Load Chart.
 Check Over Head Electrical Line, Live System.
 Barricade or Sign Board of Lifting Radius Area.
 Do not Exceed Crane´s Capacity and Over Ride Computer.
 Do not Touch the Load while Suspended.
 Do not Deviate from Rigging Study and Don´t expose people to harm.
21. Crane Working Requirement.
1. Crane Operator must be having valid license, Third Part Certificate and Ownership
Certificate and Insurance.
2. Rigger must be having TUV Certificate.
3. Lifting radius must be fully barricaded.
4. Outrigger Pad must be fully extended.
5. No body will be entered under the suspended load.
6. Crane lift must be present at site.
7. All Lifting Gears must be in good condition, certificate and color code according to
month and inspected.
8. 32 Km / Hrs and above wind speed crane will allowed to work.
9. Rigger only will be the signal man and he will be in Reflected Vest.
10. Safety to the prevention of incidental loses or free from hazard and risk.
CONFINED SPACE SAFETY - 7
1. What is the Confined Space ?

Any space have limited access or egress, accumulation, toxic gas, flammable
contaminant and also deficient of oxygen in atmosphere.
 Limited access or egress, limited visibility and limited movement.
 Present flammable and toxic vapours.
 Space not designed for continuous employee occupancy.
 An area has limited or restricted means of entry or exit.
2. Which type of Confined Space.
These are example of Confined Space.

Tanks, Vessels, Storage Bins, Boilers, Tunnels,
Pipeline, Sludge Pits, Exhaust Ducts, Sewers, Manholes,
Reactors, Hoppers, Coal Bunkers, Sumps, Trench,
Excavation / Trench depth more than 4 fits / 1.2 meters.
3. What are potential hazards in Confined Space ?
There are deferent type of hazards.
 Oxygen deficient atmosphere.
 Accumulation of flammable or explosive gas greater than 10% of its LEL.
 Accumulation of toxic gas equal to or exceeding its permissible exposure limit (PEL)
or occupational exposure limit (OEL).
 Temperature (Extremes Heat and Extremes Cold).
 Engulfment Hazards and Electrical Shock.
 Any other atmosphere condition that is immediately dangerous to life or health.
Primary Hazards in the Confined Space.
a. Toxic Chemical
 Inhalation - Irritation of respiratory tract and damage to internal organs.
 Skin Absorption - skin rashes and attack internal organs.
 Ingestion or Swallowing - Pass through lining of the stomach or digestive tract.
 Signs & Symptoms - Irritation, Itching or Burning, Nausea or Dizziness and
Difficulty Breathing.
 Identification - Air Sampling (PPM), Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL).
b. Flammables - (Residual Sludge or Liquid, Trapped Product, Solvent or cleaners).
Detecting Flammable, Sense of Smell,
Lower Explosive Limit (LEL), Explosion Meter,
100% LEL - very hazard, Less than 10% LEL require for entry.
c. Oxygen Deficiency (Inert Gasses, Hazard of Nitrogen N2, Corrosion Reaction)
Nitrogen - 78% of the atmosphere by volume,
Non detectable by any human senses.
Excess Deficiency - Oxygen level 23.5%, Fire Hazard.
Secondary Hazard in the Confined Space.

Slips, Trips and falls, Falling objects,
Heat stress, Electrical shock & burns, Engulfment,
Welding or cutting fumes.
Hazardous Energy - Electrical, Mechanical, Hydraulic, Pneumatic and Thermal.
Control Hazard by - Isolation and Lock-out / Tag-out Device.
4. Who are the key worker of Confined Space ?
Confined Space Key Workers.
ENTRANT - Those employees will physically enter the confined space to perform the
work. They should be fully trained, certified and confined space entry card.
ATTENDANT - Hole watchman remains outside the confined space and monitors the
entrants. He must be record the names of all persons as they enter and exit the

confined space into the Log sheet in /out time. Attendant must be trained in his duty
and wear red color vest.
SUPERVISOR - He is directly responsible for the work being performed in the confined
space. He is qualified by training and experience person.
Authorized Gas Tester (AGT) - He is a competent person & authorized for check
atmosphere test (Acceptors).
RECUE PERSONNEL - Anything happened in confined space Recue person will do
recue activity.
5. What is checking before entry in Confined Space?
 Check oxygen level, Flammable gas inside combustible liquid and Toxic substance.
 Oxygen level - 19.5% to 23.5%.
 Use ventilation fans for remove inside air & supply by fans fresh air before one day.
 Isolate all electrical supplies or energized system and use lock-out/tag-out system.
 Gas checks to be conducted by using multiple gas instrument meter (Gas Tester)
inside the confined space (Oxygen, Combustible Gas and Toxic Gas).
 Operation field - Gas Testing, Permit Positing, Duration of Permits & Job
completion.
6. What are requirement for entry in Confined Space?
Provide safe means of access and egress.
 Provide adequate lighting, additional explosive proof torch light and electrical tools
or equipment of double insulated and 24 volts or 110 volts AC with GFCI.
 Entrants attended the confined space training and holding the training card.
Entrants have knowledge about symptom of exposure and dangerous situation.
 Proper communication between attendant and entrants by walkie talkie, verbally
and visually every 10 minutes as a minimum. And proper as per require PPE.
 An approved work permit, method statement, JSA must exist and have been
discussed all concerned the work and also confined space entry permit.
7. What is a Confined Space Job Safety Analysis?

Performed for all confined space entries where hazardous material or conditions may
be present.
 Isolation requirements and procedures.
 Hazard Control Method.
 Personal Protective Equipment requirements.
 Rescue Plan with trained personnel available in the plant.
 Any other special procedures, control or cleanup methods necessary.
8. Safety General Measure Control.
 Conduct proper Risk Assessment.
 Require Permit to Work.

 Inspect the atmosphere.
 Ensure proper lighting.
 Inspect the PPE work will use.
 Learn the emergency procedures.
 Ensure fire precautions.
 Fill the confined space.
 Entry log sheet.
 Install warning signs as necessary and Entrants shall wear a full body harness.
9. Piping Color of Gas line.
1. Blue color - Nitrogen (N2).
2. Yellow color - Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S).
3. Pink color - Swing Elbows.
4. Red color - Fire Water.
5. Black color - Coke Ovens gas.
6. Grey red band color - Blast Furnace gas.
7. Grey yellow band color - LD gas (Bi product gas).
8. Aluminum white color - Oxygen.
9. Yellow red band color - High Press Nitrogen (H.P.)
10. Yellow black band color - Low Press Nitrogen (L.P.)
11. Orange color - Argon gas.
12. Violet color - Ammonia gas.
13. Sky blue color - Compress Air.
14. Yellow red & blue band - Hydrogen gas.
CHEMICAL SAFETY - 8
Categories of Hazardous Chemicals.

Corrosive, Flammable, Toxic, Reactive, Radioactive,
Biological (Infectious of a disease), Carcinogen (Cancer - Causing).
 MSDS in available for a specific chemical distribute it to the class or read the
information that applies.
 Must keep inventories of hazard chemicals and to determine which categories.
1. Physical States of Hazardous Materials.
Liquid, Solid, Gas, Vapor.
 Important for the user of chemical to know physical state can effect the routes of
exposure and how can enter and harm the body.

2. How to handle Chemicals properly.
Use Cautions, Always follow procedure, Read all labels,
Keep yourself and the work area clean, Plan ahead.
 Handling chemicals safely involves a lot of common sense. Always use caution,
Follow all the proper procedure every time and taking shortcuts could result in
accidents.
 Before using any chemicals should read the container label (MSDS) the basic hazards
and precautions associated with the chemical.
 Use proper PPE, Equipment and other items you need nearby.
3. Routes of Exposure.
Inhalation, Ingestion, Absorption, Injection.
These are the four primary routes of exposure.
 Inhalation is the common route because most chemicals are use in the liquid state.
 Ingestion can occur when eating and drinking after using a chemical.
 Absorption means evaporation through skin contact or mucous membrances.
 Injection usually occur by accidental or sharp injuries.
4. Symptoms of possible overexposure.
Eye Discomfort, Breathing Difficulty, Dizziness, Headache,
Nausea, Vomiting, Skin Irritation.
 Anyone suffer any of these symptoms while working with chemicals. Seek medical
attention immediately report to your supervisor.
5. Incompatible Chemicals.
Flammables and Oxidizers, Flammables and any Ignition Source,
Acids and Cyanides, Storage Acids and Strong Alkaline,
Concentrated Acids and Water, Organic Solvents and Corrosives,
Corrosives and other Reactive materials.
 Severe consequences can result from mixing the chemicals of these event include.
Fire, Explosion, Chemicals Reactions, Release of Heat (Energy),
Splashing and Spattering, Degradation of Materials.
6. Agencies that Regulate Hazardous Chemical Storage.
OSHA - Occupational Safety and Health Administration.
NFPA - National Fire Protection Association.
EPA - Environmental Protection Agency.
DOT - Department Of Transportation.
 OSHA deals with the productive use of chemicals.
 NFPA deals with flammable and combustible chemicals.
 EPA deals with wastes associated with hazardous chemicals.
 DOT deals with the Transport of hazardous chemicals.
7. Handling Flammable Chemicals.
a. Keep containers closed when not in use.
b. Keep away from ignition sources.

c. Avoid contact with incompatible materials.
d. Only transfer to approved containers.
e. Clean up spills and dispose of waste properly.
f. Bond all receiving containers.
 Flammable chemicals are widely used in industry.
 It is important that use these chemicals understand storage and use requirement.
 Boding receiving container will dissipate static electricity and prevent explosion.
 During any spill response, make sure only non sparking tools are used and any
potential ignition sources are eliminated.
8. Proper Storage of Flammable Chemicals.
a. Ensure that storage areas meet regulatory requirements.
b. Replace all bung caps with drum vents after receiving containers.
c. Ground all drums properly.
d. Store only in small quantities.
e. Store quantities in approved storage rooms and cabinets.
 Make sure all storage container are approved for used with flammable materials.
 Grounding and venting are important for reducing the likelihood of fire or explosion.
 If barrels or drums are heated and build up pressures, they can blast off like a rocket.
9. General Safety Tips.
a. Never eat, drink and smoke while using hazard chemicals.
b. Use personal protective equipment as per required.
c. Make sure all chemicals container are proper labeled.
d. Always wash up after using chemicals.
 f you do not know what a chemical is , or have been trained to use it don´t use it.
 Be sure to wash thoroughly with soap and water after using any chemical.
10. General Safety Tips (cont.).

To identify any chemicals, read the label and refer to the Material Safety Data Sheet.
These tools will give you all the information you need to work safety with the chemical.
 Never smell or test a chemical to identify it.
 Know all emergency procedures and equipment.
 Always read label´s MSDS prior to use.
 Store all hazardous chemical properly.
 Always use hazardous chemicals as intended.
11. Primary Container Labels.
Chemical labels give you basic information at a glance.
 Identify of the hazardous chemical.
 Appropriate hazard warnings.
 Name and address of the manufacturers or importer.

 Target organ effects - that could be harmed by using the chemical.
12. Secondary Container Labels.
 Identify of the hazardous chemical.
 Hazardous warning information.
Make sure that secondary containers are labeled with this information, so that the user
can adequately trace the material back to original container for additional hazard
information.
13. Handling Chemical Emergency.
 Know emergency phone number.
 Know how to control the spill.
 Know proper equipment shutdown procedure.
 Know proper evacuation routes and assembly areas.
They should evacuate the area and let someone else handle it.
14. What Emergency Personnel should know.
 Emergency cleanup and disposal measure.
 Required protective equipment. And use of cleanup equipment (i.e. first aid).
 Firefighting and other emergency measures.
 Use of other emergency equipment.
Even if outside personnel perform emergency services relative to chemical spill, must be
followed that proper emergency procedure.
All non trained personnel should stay away from the emergency area.
15. First Aid Chemical in the Eyes.
 Don´t rub the eyes and hold eyelids open & flush with water for 15 minutes.
 Be careful not to contaminate the other eye. And Seek additional medical attention.
This information can also be found on almost any MSDS for a given chemical. If you don
´t know first aid procedure or not trained. Don´t attempt to perform first aid on a victim.
16. First Aid for Chemicals on the Skin.

 Flush area with lukewarm water for 15 minutes.
 Remove clothing and jewelry from burn area.
 Seek additional medical attention.
Point out emergency chemical wash station and inform to first aid trainer.
17. First Aid for Chemicals Inhalation.
 Move victim to fresh air area and get immediate help.
18. First Aid for Chemicals Ingestion.
 Induce vomiting only if told to do so by poison control.
 Get immediate medical attention.
Give out the number of poison control in your area. Be sure employees write it down
and post the number in plain sight as well.
19. Color Identification.
Red - Flammability
Yellow - Reactivity
Blue - Health
White - Special
20. Role and Responsibilities.
 The Environmental Superintendent and HSE Manager are responsible for the
detailed application and implementation of this procedure.
 Employees should take care not to deface or remove warning labels from containers
of hazardous chemicals.
 The labels must remain on the containers and remain legible at all time. Should
promptly notify site supervisor of missing or deface labels.
 Employee shall not transfer a hazardous chemical from a labeled container to
unlabeled, pail bottle or similar container. Shall not use unlabeled container chemical.
21. Environmental Field Officer Roles.
 All labels should be legible and prominently displays.
 Labels should be in English and other necessary languages.
 Labels for hazardous chemicals should peroxides the appropriate hazard warnings.
If you find any missing or deface labels promptly notify the site supervisor.
22. Project Specific Guideline and Principles.
 Employee access to MSDS shall be assured by having all MSDS for chemicals or
mixtures in the workplace kept in a binder at the location of chemical storage.
 MSDS shall be arranged in the binder in alphabetical order.
 Empty drums and containers shall be disposed of in accordance with the waste
management plan.
 Hazardous substances shall be stored in restricted access areas separate from all other
substances.
23. Labeling and Handling Container.
 The MSDS shall be consulted to determine safe work practices and appropriate PPE
prior to handling the drum or container.
 The container shall be properly inspected for damage, correct labeling and leaks.
 Ensure that all employees in the vicinity are aware of hazardous chemical being used.
24. Storage of Chemicals and Lubricants.
 Storage drums containing liquids shall be placed on a rack, not stacked.
 A separate rack shall be used for each type of material.
 Shall be no storage hazardous material in flood plains/within 50m of the water body.
25. Maintenance Facilities Storing Chemical and Lubricants.
 Areas of extensive lubrication oil transfer (as from drums to smaller containers with
maintenance facilities) shall be provided with a drip tray.
 All container, drums etc must be properly disposed of in accordance with the Waste
Management Plan.
 Emergences.

 For spills, response procedures are contained in the spill Response Procedure.
HYDROGEN SULFIDE (H2S) SAFETY - 9
Unit of Measurement for toxic gases like H2S.

Volumetric Measure - 1% by vol. = 10,000 PPM.
 PPM is Equal to
 Ounce of sand in 31 tons (1 gram in 1000 kg).
 1 Inch in 15 3/4 miles (1 mm in 1 kilometer).
 Second in 11 1/2 days.
An IDLH concentration of 100 PPM equals 0.36 inches on American football field.
1. Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S).
 Acutely Toxic (Poison Gas). And effects respiration.
 Inhibits enzymes in the blood from using oxygen.
 Shuts down involuntary muscles that control breathing.
 Can cause death if inhaled in the right concentration.
 Colorless Gas - Can´t see in a gas form.
 Heavier than air in pure (100%) concentration.
 When mixed with other gases, mixture may be lighter than air.
 Rotten egg smell - At low levels 15 PPM or less. May lose sense at 15 PPM or less.
 Very Corrosive - Will cause corrosive of metals. (sulfide stress cracking, Iron sul. Scale)
 Soluble in water and petroleum hydrocarbons.
 As fluid temperature rises more H2S is released from solution.
 Flammable (3 times that of methane) 4% to 45% by volume. 40,000 to 450,000 PPM.
2. Where do you find Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S).
 Oil & Gas - from Exploration to Refining.
Sewer System, Chemical Plant, Pulp & Paper.
3. How does Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) Effect you.
The way H2S affects you depends on these factors.
 Duration (Amount of time of exposure).
 Frequency (number of time exposed in a day).
 Intensity (concentration of H2S exposure in PPM).
* Warning - Do not rely on your sense of smell to defect H2S. *
4. Physiological Effects.
Eye Irritation, Mild Headache, Nausea,
Dizziness, Irrational Behavior.
5. Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL)
OSHA - 10 PPM, OSHA - 20 PPM Ceiling, 50 PPM Max - Peak (10 minutes).

NIOSH - 10 PPM Ceiling, ACGIH - 10 PPM PEL - TWA.
Protective Breathing Apparatus must be worn when working in an area where H 2S level
exceeds the 10 PPM PEL.
6. Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) is Flammable.
 Flammable range is 4.0 to 45% by volume.
 Ignition temperature is 5000 F. And pure H2S burns with blue flame.
 Burning Produces SO2 (also very toxic and heavier than air).
7. Special Health Problems.
 Emphysema (abnormal dilation of air spaces, distention of walls).
 Bronchial Asthma, Heart Disease, Diabetes, Eye Infections,
 Alcohol Consumption, Anemia (low red blood cells, hemoglobin or volume)
 Psychiatric Problems, Smoking.
8. Protective Breathing Apparatus.
 Escape Unit - Plastic Hood, Minimum 5 minutes, Escape only.
 SCBA - Work or Rescue, Maximum Mobility, Escape use 30, 45 and 60 minutes
rated units typically found. And actual time may vary based upon individuals.
 Work Unit - Airline (cascade system) use. 5-15 minutes Escape Bottle, limited
mobility.
9. Problems with SCBA Use.
Racial Hair (beards & long sideburns), Contact Lenses,
Corrective Spectacles, Punctured Ear Drum,
Psychological Disturbances, Other Sealing Problems - Scars,
Hollow temples, Prominent check bones,
Deep Skin creases, Lack of teeth, Dentures.
10. Rescue Procedure.

 Put on Self Contain Breathing Apparatus rescue unit.
 Remove victim to fresh air - Go upwind or crosswind.
 If breathing, maintain victim at rest and have trained personnel administer O 2.
 If not breathing, start artificial respiration. And transport person to doctor or hospital.
 Keep person lying down and keep warm. If eyes are effected, wash with clean water.
 Do not return to work until cleared by a doctor.
11. Detecting Hydrogen Sulfide H2S.
 Portable Monitors - Continuous Single gas personal monitoring.
 Audible / Visual / Vibrating Alarms.
 Multi Gas Monitoring.
 Fixed Monitors - Central Controller, Remote Sensors, Siren & Strobe Alarms.
 Detector Tubes - Measured by length of stain, Fairly Accurate, Takes Time, Sport
Checking, Many Gases and High Concentrations.

12. Safety Measures.
When Approaching Jobsite - Observe ¨condition¨ signs & warning alarms, Check wind
condition, Look for personnel and their activity, Enter jobsite slowly, Locate assembly
point / Safe area.
 Minimum of two escape route. And continuous monitoring.
13. Safety Measures - cont´d.
 Eliminate ignition sources and enforce ¨NO SMOKING¨.
 Conduct emergency drills.
 Forced ventilation can reduce H2S exposures risk.
 Observe wind direction - More upwind or crosswind from source.
 Avoid low lying area - Pure (100%) H2S is heavier than air.
 Use the ¨Buddy System¨. Maintain and observe warning signs.
 Post emergency numbers, maintain communications system.
 Locate emergency stations at least 250 fits from H2S source.
 H2S can be flared (Produces SO2). And know your company´s H2S.
SAFETY STANDARDS
1. Helmet - Z - 89.1 1981 (ANSI) * 5240 (BS)
2. Safety Glass - Z - 87.1 1968 (ANSI) * 2082 (BS)
3. Safety Harness - Z - 359.1 & Z 10.14 (ANSI) * 1397 (BS)
4. Safety Shoes - Z - 41.1 1967 (ANSI)
5. Respirator - Z - 88.2 1992 (ANSI)
6. Safety on Scaffolding - A - 10.4 1988 (ANSI)
Expand the following.

ANSI - American National Standards Institute.
ASTM - American Society for Testing and Materials.
ACGIIH - American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists.
APR - Air Purifying Respiratory.
ASR - Air Supplying Respiratory.
ASBA - Air Supply Breathing Apparatus.
AL - Action Level.
BS - British Standards Institute.
COSHH - Control Of Substance Hazardous to Health.
OSHA - Occupational Safety and Health Administration.
OHSAS - Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series.
NIOSH - National Institute of Occupational Safety & Health.
ELCB - Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker.
GFCI - Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter.
SWL - Safe Work Load.

LTI - Lost Time Injury (Incident).
JSA - Job Safety Analysis.
LEL - Lower Explosive Limit.
UEL - Upper Explosive Limit.
PEL - Permissible Exposure Limit.
REL - Recommended Exposure Limit.
PSI - Pounds / Square Inch (1 Bar = 14.7 PSI)
STEL - Short Term Exposure Limit.
STARRT - Safety Task and Risk Reduction Talk.
SCBA - Self Contained Breathing Apparatus.
STA - Safety Task Assignment.
WBGT - Wet Bulb Globe Temperature.
RSO - Radiation Safety Officer.
NFPA - National Fire Protection Association.
HSE - Health, Safety and Environment.
PT-EL - Point to Earth level. (Elevation)
TLV - Threshold Limit Value.
TWA - Time Weighted Average.
IDLH - Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health.
AAS - Area Air Samples.
BAS - Blank Air Samples.
TDS - Total Dust Samples.
PAS - Personal Air Samples.
EA - Exposure Assessment.
IA - Inorganic Arsenic.
JOB SAFETY / HAZARD ANALYSIS – 10
A Job Safety / Hazard Analysis is a way of studying a job to :

 Identify the hazard or potential accidents associated with each step of the job.
 Develop solutions that eliminate or prevent such hazards.
 JSA / JHA are the most effective tools that can be used to spot potential accident
causes and eliminate potential accident causes.
 The completed JSA/JHA can be used in conjunction with the Method Statements.
1. Basic Steps – The basic steps to doing a job safety / hazard analysis are :
 Identify the scope of work to be analyzed.
 Indentify all the activities and steps needed for the scope of work.
 Identify all hazards or potential accidents for each step in the scope of work.
 Identify and implement solutions for the identified hazard.
2. Major Considerations to use in the selection of the job to be analyzed are :
 Job accident frequency.
 Injury severity.

 Newly established jobs.
 After the selection process, the next step is to break the job down into specific steps.
3. The benefit of a JSA / JHA is the use of the completed form.
The completed JSA/JHA can be used in the following :
 Initial of job HSE training.
 Planned HSE contracts.
 Planned HSE observations.
 Pre-job HSE instructions.
 Job training and Supervisor training.
 Employee reviews.
 Method improvements.
 HSE Suggestions.
 Posted job guides.
A. To do a JSA, take an experienced worker and tell him that you are going to observe
while they perform a job.
B. Explain why are observing and tell them not to do anything different from what
they would normally do. As the employee does the job, study each step carefully.
C. Ask yourself what is the hazard and how could the employee be exposed to the
hazard.
D. Then identify the methods to correct the hazards and potential hazardous situations
or unsafe acts.
RISK ASSESSMENT – 11
1. Why to mange risks –

 Management of risk is a continuous process and the cornerstone of all the HSE
elements.
 It is one of most effective processes contributing to the incident prevention.
2. What is Risk Assessment ?
Risk Assessment is a process, used to identity actual or possible problems that could
cause :
 Injury or harm to people.
 Damage to equipment and premises.
 Damage to the environment.
It is not paper work exercise and the assessment it self is unless it is thorough complete
and actually implemented.
3. Why Risk Assess ?
We conduct Risk Assessment :
 Assess the hazards associated with project activities.
 Control risk and manage them to acceptable levels.
 Prevent the impact of potential accidents .
Incident Investigation is a reactive risk assessment. Risk assessment is a proactive
incident investigation.
4. DIFINITIONS –
Hazard - Conditions or situations which could result in harm to people, assets or
environment.
Risk – The chance of something happening that will have an impact on objectives. It is
the likelihood (probability) of harm resulting from a hazard.
It is measured in terms of
 Consequences (Severity)
 Likelihood (Probability)
Risk Management – A planned and systematic process of identifying, assessing,
monitoring and controlling risk, which adds value to the business.
Risk Assessment – Process that provides an inventory for action and forms that basis
for implementing control measures.
Risk usually results in incident (Accident and Near – Miss).
5. Purpose of Risk Assessment –
 Identify all potential hazards associated with the project activities.
 Evaluate the risks.
 Develop a plan to : Control.
 Implement the plan.
 Monitor the implementation.
6. Why Risk Assess –
Due to the hazards associated with the project.
 Activities
 Workplace Engineering
 Workplace Environment
 Human Behavior and in order to avoid incidents and injuries.
To protect the employees from hazards through identifying all engineering, work
practice and environmental controls to eliminate and reduce hazard.
7. Engineering Controls –
If . . . .
 The work equipment and environment can be physically changed to prevent
employee exposure to the potential hazard.
Then . . . .
 The hazard can be eliminated with an engineering or environmental control.
 Initial design specifications.
 Substitute less harmful material.
 Change process.

 Enclose process.
 Isolate process.
Risk Assessment – It is a process to identify hazards and determine possible control
measures to minimize risk and provide a safe working condition.
8. Risk Assessment Elements.
Identify Hazards
↓
Evaluate Risk
↓
Mitigation Measures
↓
Review with Works
↓
Implementation
↓
Follow Up
SAFETY AUDIT – 12
HSE Audit and Inspection Procedure – Audit is an evaluate the HSE management
system and determine the effectiveness of its implementation.
1. Types of Audit.
 Group Internal Audit – Carried out by SCD to evaluate the project’s HSE
performance.
 External Audit – Carried out by the HSE Manager to evaluate the HSE performance
of its sub-contractors within the project.
 Project HSE Inspection – Carried out by the Safety Manager / Officer to ensure
proper implementation of the HSE procedures within the areas or disciplines of the
project monthly basis.
 Third Party Audit – Carried out by Bureau Veritas to ensure compliance with ISO
14001 and OHSAS 18001 requirement.
2. HSE Audit – Definition.
 NCR (Non Conformity Report) is a direct and clear violation to the HSE
Management system and its procedures.
 Observations – are deviation from the HSE procedures due mainly to human factor
not system failure.

 Objective Evidence – documented and implemented measures reflecting the
corrective actions.
3. HSE Audit – Roles.
 Project Manager – Responsible for ensuring implementation of this procedure on all
work sites under his control.
 Construction Team shall maintain safe working conditions and rectify the NCRs.
 HSE Manager shall follow up and advise on the corrective measures.
HOUSEKEEPING - 13
Benefits of good Housekeeping –

Effective Housekeeping requires :
 Organizing Workplace,
 Storing everything its proper place.
 The good housekeeping are less risk of Accident, Injury & Fires.
Cost of poor Housekeeping – Poor Housekeeping can lead to :
 Splinters, Cuts any eye injuries.
 Cut Hands and Fingers.
 Slip and Trip accidents.
 Crush Injuries, Wasted Time and Fire.
 Serious injury or death and poor quality work.
INCIDENT & STATISTICS REPORT – 14
What to be Report – Accident prevention is base on the accurate and prompt reporting of
incidents.
Step – Unsafe Act & Environment → Incident → Near Miss → Accident → Fatality.
Why Report – To be able to make an analysis of the incident.
 To avoid that unsafe acts / conditions be come accidents.
 To break the chain of events leading to accidents.
Incident – Incident is an undesired event that has or could result in harm to people,
environment, Damage to property or a breach of security.
Near Miss – An undesired event which, under slightly different circumstances could
have resulted in harm to people, environment or damage to property.
It is an incident with negligible actual consequences but with potential for harm / illness
or damage / loss pollution or combination of all.
Accident – It is an incident which results in actual injury, illness, loss or damage to
environment or to property.
Incident Reporting –
Step - Report → Analyze → Remedial Action → Implement Remedial Action.

Step - Report → Supervisor → HSE Department on site → Project Management.
DEFINITIONS
1. Recordable Case – Any work related incident resulting in :
 Death.
 Days Away from Work.
 Restricted Duty.
 Medical Treatment.
 Loss of Consciousness.
 Occupational Illness.
2. Loss Time Incident (LTI) [ Days Away From Work Case (DAFWC) ] – Any worker
related to injury / illness which results in the injured worker being unable to return to
work for at least one normal shift beyond the day incident.
3. Occupational Illness - Any abnormal condition or disorder other than one resulting
from an occupational injury caused by exposure to environmental factors associated
with employment. Its includes acute and chronic illness or disease caused by inhalation,
absorption, ingestion or direct contact.
4. Occupational Injury – Any injury such as a Cut, Fracture, Sprain, Amputation etc.
resulting from a work accident or from a single instantaneous exposure in the work
environment.
5. Occupational Fatality – A work related death arising from injuries or occupation illness.
6. Non-occupation Fatalities – Out of duty and site.
Definitions and HSE Statistics Calculation

1. LTI – [ Days Away From Work] Frequency Rate – Represent the number of injuries
and illness Per 100 Full Time workers and is calculated as follows.
Total LTIs (DAFW Cases) X 200,000 .
Total Man-hours Worked during a Specific time period
200,000 = Base for 100 Full Time equivalent workers
(Working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year)
2. Severity Rate (SR) - For a specified period, it is :

Total No. of lost Man days (Days Away From Work) due to LTIs (DAFW Cases) X 200,000 .
Total Man-hours Worked during a Specific time period.
3. Total Recordable Injury Frequency Rate (TRIFR) – For a specified period, it is:
The Sum of the Fatalities + LTI (DAFW Cases) + Restricted Duty Cases + Medical
Treatment Cases + Loss of Consciousness Cases + Occupational illness Cases X 200,000
Total Man-hours Worked.
4. Mean Duration :
Total No. of Lost Man days (Days Away From Work) .
No. of LTI s (Days Away From Work Cases)

5. HSE Activities Reporting - All HSE related activities as specified by the plan and
procedure shall be reported namely.
 Tool Box Talks (TBT).
 Meetings.
 Training of different types.
 Induction.
GRINDING – 15.
 Do not use any of the grinding machines and abrasive wheels unless you are
qualified properly trained on how to operate it correctly.
 Inspect the wheel and bush for defects.
 Check the position & security of safety guards and that they are in the correct
position.
 There is a high potential for creating sparks and personnel shall ensure that goo
housekeeping practices are observed and that a fire extinguisher is available near to
the work.
 Tags and labels check all information about it. The wheel is also marked with the
maximum speed in RPM (Revolution Per Minute).
DRILLS EMERGENCY EVACUATION - 16.
1. Emergency Evacuation – It is the movement of persons from a dangerous place to a safe

refuge (Assembly Point).
2. Get to know the :
 Emergency telephone Numbers on the Project.
 Location of Muster Points on the project.
 Emergency Routes to follow in case of an emergency.
 Emergency Exits on the project.
 Location of Fire Extinguishers in your area.
 Location of First Aid Facilities on the project.
 Emergency Alarm Signals.
Always participate in the Emergency Drills.
3. Types of Emergencies –
 Medical Emergency.
 Environmental Incident.
 Fire and Explosion.
 Loss of Power.
 Damage to Plant, Equipment and Property.
 Security or threat.
 Transport Incident.
 Extreme Meteorological Conditions.
4. Emergency Responsible : Action (Workforce).
 Upon hearing the Emergency Alarm.
 Stop all activities immediately.
 Shut down all equipment .
 Follow the instruction of HSE Department.
 Follow emergency routes.
 Proceed to the Assembly Points.
 In case of Gas leak, move up wind (observe wind socks for direction).
 HSE Manager and Supervisor shall conduct a head count.
 No. of persons present and missing.
FALL PROTECTION – 17.
 Fall are the leading cause of death.

 Must fatalities occur when employees fall from open-sided floors and through floor
openings.
 Fall from as little as 4 to 6 feet can cause serious lost time accidents and sometime death.
 Open-sided floors and platforms more than 6 feet height must be guarded.
1. Fall Protection Options.
 Personal Fall Arrest System (PFAS).
 Guard Rails.
 Safety Net.
2. Fall Protection Planning.
 Fall protection systems and work practices must be in place before start work.
 Worker must be trained properly how to use PFAS.
 PFAS = Anchorage, Lifeline and body harness.
 Must be independent of any platform anchorage and capable of supporting at least
5,000 lbs per worker.
3. Guard Rail – Consist of Top Rail, Mid Rail and Toe boards.
 Top Rails between 39 to 45 inches tall high.

 Mid Rails between the top rail and toe board.
 Toe boards at least 3 ½ or 4 inches high.
4. When Fall Protection in needed more than 6 feet height.
Walk Ways & Ramps, Roofs, Opening Sides & Edges,
Wall Opening, Holes, Concrete Forms & Rebar,
Excavation, Bricklaying, Residential Construction.
 Unprotected side and edges must have guardrails or equivalent.
5. Concrete Forms and Rebar.
 Use FPAS when working on form work or rebar.
 Cover or Cap protruding rebar.
Excavation – Guard excavations more than 6 feet deep when they are not readily seen
because of plant growth or other visual barriers.
Roofs – Works on roofs more than 6 feet high must be protected.
Wall Openings – Work near wall openings high more than 6 feet must be protected.
Questions for HSE.

1. What is the difference between Risk and Hazard ?
2. Explain Flash Back Arrester ?
3. Name any ten types of Hazards ?
4. List the main causes of accidents with suitable examples ?
5. What the difference between LMI and Anti Two Block ?
6. What is MSDS ?
7. What is PASS in the use of a fire extinguisher ?
8. List the main parts of a scaffold ?
9. What is the difference between JSA and STA ?
10. What are the points to be considered for an excavation safety inspection?
11. List the safety requirements for working at height ?
12. List the documents to be checked during HSE Administrative Audit ?
13. List the safety Hazard in a confined space ?
14. List safety points for storage and use of Compressed Gas Cylinders ?
15. What is CABA ?
16. What do you understand by 100% tie off ?
17. List the documents to be audited during a HSE audit ?
18. Explain HSE Policy Statement ?
19. List the requirements to be met for approving a Hot Work Permit ?
20. What is a Work Method Statement?
21. What is the use of W.M.S. ?
22. What is JSA and its use ?
23. What is Work Permit ?
24. What is a Confined Space ?
25. In what circumstances a confined space work permit can be issued ?
26. Who is a confined space attendant ?
27. What are the hazard in a confined space ?
28. What are the duties of a confined space attendant ?
29. Give some example of a confined space ?
30. Name one hazardous job in a confined space ?
31. Who is competent person ?
32. What is an accident ?
33. What is an incident or near miss?
34. Who makes an accident report ?
35. Who makes an accident investigation report ?
36. What is the use of an accident investigation report ?
37. What is waste management ?
38. What is Isotope ?
39. Why is an Isotope hazardous ?
40. What is Radio Activity ?
41. What is the unit for measuring radiation ?
42. In what condition a work permit can be issued for Radiography ?
43. What are the safety measures to be taken while doing Radiography ?
44. What is the controlled area ?
45. What is a Geiger Meter?
46. What is the use of a film badge ?
47. What is a decay chart ?
48. Who is an authorized exposed person ?
49. What are the requirements of a man basket ?
50. How are slings inspected ?
51. What are the requirements for a crane lifting ?
52. What is working radius ?
53. What is Safe Work Load (SWL) ?
54. What is a Lifting Plan?
55. List the requirements for a CRANE to work at site ?
56. How many type of crane ?
57. What is an Excavation ?
58. What is a Trench ?
59. What is shoring ?
60. What is difference between a flash back arrestor and a check valve ?
61. What is a combination of fire ?
62. What are the classification of fire and type of extinguisher are used for them?
63. What are the responsibilities of a Fire watch man ?
64. What is colour code system and who can do its?
65. What is the maximum distance between two adjacent accesses in a long excavation ?
66. When is an excavation considered as a confined space ?
67. Who can inspect the components used for erecting a scaffold ?
68. What is a tag system ?
69. Who can place a scaffold tag ?
70. What are the details in a scaffold tag ?
71. In which conditions a scaffold cannot be erected ?
72. What is the minimum overlapping of two adjacent planks in a scaffold platform ?
73. What is a Guard rail system ?
74. What is the minimum height of a toe-board ?
75. What is the height of the top rail from the platform ?
76. What are the requirements in placing an access ladder on a scaffold ?
77. In what circumstances fall protection system has to be used ?
78. What is the minimum width required for a walk –way ?
79. What material can be placed on a scaffold platform ?
80. What are the requirements for working on a moving scaffold ?
81. When should we inspect a scaffold ?
82. With what colour a ladder can be painted ?
83. What is a life line ?
84. How can we calculate the safe anchorage of a life line ?
85. What is lock-out and Tag-out system ?
86. What is the importance of a Tool box meeting ?
87. What is an Emergency Evacuation Plan ?
88. What is a Hydro Test ?
89. What is a Hipot Test ?
90. What are the safety requirements for doing a hot work?
91. What are the benefits of near miss reporting ?
92. What is a Risk Assessment ?
93. In what situation Ear protection is needed ?
94. What is the emergency evacuation procedure to follow in the event of a gas release?
95. What is an Assembly Muster Point ?
96. What is meant by Head Counting and what is its purpose ?

97. What is Heat Stroke and what are the different stages through which a person
undergoes before he gets heat stroke ?
CRANE
1. Crane Operator must be having valid license, Third Part Certificate and Ownership
Certificate and Insurance.
2. Rigger must be having TUV Certificate.
3. Lifting radius must be fully barricaded.
4. Outrigger Pad must be fully extended.
5. No body will be entered under the suspended load.
6. Crane lift must be present at site.
7. All Lifting Gears must be in good condition, certificate and colour code according to
month and inspected.
8. 32 Km / Hrs and above wind speed crane will allowed to work.
9. Rigger only will be the signal man and he will be in Reflected Vest.
10. Safety to the prevention of incidental loses or free from hazard and risk.
Duties & Responsibilities (Use for example)

1. Co ordinate all safety activities of the company.
2. Reports unsafe condition to foreman, job supervisor or seniors.
3. Conducting weekly safety meeting and assure daily TBT meeting.
4. To conduct safety orientation to all workers.
5. Assists the field operations in obtaining appropriate Hot / Cold/Space entry permits
from the plant operations.
6. Make daily inspection to the workers if they are in prescribed safety outlet
7. Checking the scaffolding
8. To introduce incentive scheme for workers to improve site safety.
9. To conduct safety meeting before start of every job, to improve safety awareness of work
force to complete the job without any incident.
10. Daily site visit and finding out unsafe conditions or unsafe acts if any and implement
corrective actions.
11. Supervising and training the workers to perform their job in safe manner minimizing
risk and avoiding accidents.
12. Inspecting barricades, warning boards, caution signs and instructing for them where
ever necessary.
13. Conducting monthly inspection and colour coding for equipments, power tools and
scaffolds.
14. Preparing and keeping safety records and prepare accident/ incident reports.
15. Inspection of job site, fabrication shop, work shop for house keeping first aid facility,
employee’s refreshments, smoke shelter etc.
16. Advising management for safety rewards to workers considering them in a competitive
manner to encourage them keeping safety and loss prevention program.
17. Taking care of Safety of Men, Machinery and materials as per Sabic safety Rules.

19. Preparing of daily attendance to the all employees and daily schedule.
20. Implementation of safety standard and practices on site and work permits procedure.
21. Inspection of crane lifting to ensure that operation and rigger are certify with TUV.
22. Ensure fire prevention arrangement for welding and other hot work operation.
23. Daily site observation and find out unsafe conditions or unsafe acts if any and
implement corrective actions required.
24. Preparing and keeping daily, weekly and monthly safety performance records and
prepare accident/ incident reports.
25. Monitoring daily work routine as per safety norms and standards.
26. To inspection fire fighting equipments and to see that is in working condition.
27. Checking and monitoring the scaffolding tag system.
28. Accident investigation and preparation safety performance report.
29. To conduct safety orientation to all workers.
30. Inspecting Safety Device, barricades, warning boards, caution signs and instructing for
them where ever necessary.
31. Control the site transport & placement the proper warning sign and sign boards.
32. Check and verify that all lifting tackles and crane are inspected and approved for the lift.
33. Check and verify if work permit/lifting permit is obtained and approved/valid for the
specific lift to be done.
34. Conducting monthly inspection and colour coding for equipments, Lifting equipment
and lifting Tackles.
35. Preparing and keeping safety records and prepare accident/ incident reports.
36. Acquired sound experience in Safety while working as Safety Officer / Safety
Supervisor in Various companies. As a Safety officer the duties and responsibilities were
the following: -
37. Scaffolding inspection to ensure that they are made as per the applicable standards and
specifications
38. Inspection of all safety equipments such as P.P.E, safety Belts, Fire Extinguishers etc. to
ensure their reliability
39. Inspection of all electrical and mechanical equipments to ensure its safety and working
condition.
40. Inspection of all hot work places to ensure that the hot work is done in strict compliance
of the requirement for hot work activity.
41. To attend the every day tool box meeting and weekly safety meeting to make aware the
workers about the safe work practice.
42. Taking care the safety of men and machinery as per the client safety procedure and
specifications.
43. To attend weekly project review meetings to discuss and explain how safety helps
progress.
44. To impart training to all workers and staff regarding the emergency evacuation
procedure.
45. To make aware the workers about fire protection, site safety requirement and house
keeping.

46. General safety of the employees and the site.
47. Daily safety inspection of the site to identify the hazards, unsafe conditions and acts and
to take proper corrective measures.
48. Periodic inspection of fire fighting equipments, lifting equipments, tools, electric
equipments, compressor and welding machines etc.
49. Evaluate and ensure the proper usage of PPE and other equipments.
50. Conduct gas test to ensure sufficient oxygen percentage and absence of toxic and
hazardous gases in confined spaces before entry for work
51. Watching the areas where sparks tests, x-ray tests and radiography conducted.
52. Supervision of every day work on site to ensure strict compliance of safe work plan by
all in their given area of responsibility.
53. Conduct gas test to ensure sufficient oxygen percentage and absence of toxic and
hazardous gases in confined spaces before entry for work
54. Watching the areas where sparks tests, x-ray tests and radiography conducted.
55. Monitoring the areas where hydro test and pneumatic tests conducted.
56. Inspection of the heavy equipments such as cranes, loaders etc.
57. Conduct gas testing in confined spaces and inside the vessels before starting the work
activities.
58. Preparation and approval of job safety analysis reports before starting heavy lifting and
critical works.
59. Close monitoring of the employees working on elevated areas to see that they are
following 100% tie off policy.
60. Preparation and issuance of violation and warning letters to the erring workers and
unsafe work practices.
61. Inspecting the work site and taking suitable steps to eliminate all the unsafe working
condition and potential hazards and to maintain good house keeping.
62. Preparation of job safety analysis and hazard identification.
63. To educate the supervisors and working crew to follow safe working practices
64. Checking and monitoring the scaffolding tag system.
65. Initiate disciplinary action against the unsafe working people and violators of safety
rules and procedures.
66. Ensure safety during crane operations at site.
67. Ensure fire prevention measures during hot jobs at site.
68. Site inspection and auditing with management.
69. Make sure that chemical handling is done in a safe manner and as per procedural
requirements.
70. Inspection of the work site through different checklists.
71. Ensure implementation of safety publicity programme as per advice of HSE Manager.
72. Review and approve the sub-contractors safety procedure, advice and recommend any
corrective measure.
73. Making report and investigation of all near misses, incidents, or any accidents.
74. To ensure that special tool box talks have been given to workers as per job requirements
from time to time by site engineer concern.

76. Supervising and training the workers to perform their job in safer manner minimizing
risk and avoiding accidents.
77. Conducting monthly inspection and colour coding for equipments, power tools and
scaffolds.
78. Keep the record of every weekly safety meeting on site complete with subject discussed
and list of attendees.
79. Assist in scaffolding inspection, work permit requirement, house keeping etc.
80. Identify unsafe conditions and initiate corrective action directly to supervisor / Foreman
to eliminate hazards.
81. Conduct weekly safety walkthrough at the site and note down the finding to be done.
82. Keep a record of weekly safety meetings and prepare minutes of meeting.
83. To create awareness among workers to adopt think safety, work safety and also train the
use of personal protective equipment to every person at the job site.
84. Properly planning for workers and its safe performance using necessary Guards,
Barriers, Barricades and Warning Tapes, Signs etc.
85. Conduct the Tool Box Talk, to remind about safety rules and regulation at job site.
86. Check and monitor all necessary equipment and material using at site.
87. Monitoring the house keeping for work area and implement good house keeping.
88. Conduct inspection on Crane and Scaffoldings and ensure / maintain safety of Crane &
heavy equipment operators and workers.
89. Inspecting safety device, barricades, warning boards, caution for equipments, power
tools and scaffolds.
90. Monthly inspection of body harness, fire extinguisher, power tools and equipments and
preparation report.
91. Understand the requirements of client in order to carry out all safety activities.
92. Giving safety orientation to employees as per plant requirement, as authorized by plant
safety committee.
93. Prepare daily, weekly and monthly safety reports and forward to the concerned loss
prevention department for review and necessary action.
94. Inspection of work site through different checklists.
95. Implementation of Action Plans as advised by HSE Manager.
96. Make sure that jobs in excavations are executed safely.
97. Monitor and implement fire prevention measure.
98. Monitoring electrical work with safety precautions and providing awareness about
safety to the workers. Check & evaluate the effectiveness of action taken to prevent
personnel injury.
99. Inspection of workers and equipment’s in the job site to ensure proper safety procedures
as per client’s specification.
100. Implement necessary safety precaution before starting any job.
101. Before leaving the job site, make sure that all unfinished job such as open pit,
overhead and Other must have safety precaution of signboard and safety tape to avoid
accident.
102. Always reminding all workers that the safety in the best policy.
103. Always remember the company’s policy, which is to target zero accident.
Inter personal taints and strong points.
1. Always takes advantage of opportunity to improve works and job assignments with
the concurrence of superiors to implement such improvements.
2. Hard worker and concentrate on the job at hand that makes it accurate and on time.
3. Team player with leadership ability to boost moral and cooperation.
4. Accustomed to work under pressure.
Mohammed Shamshad Alam.

Contact No. 0534370705.
Email ID: shamshad_mohammad@rediffmail.com

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EXCAVATION / TRENCH - 1

1. What is excavation and trench?

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14. Lockout – It is a technique used to prevent the release of hazardous energy.

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Purpose :- A temporary work platform for working at height.

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16. What is a Work Permit ?

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CRANE LIFTING SAFETY - 6

1. How many types of Crane ?

Load Capacity of Wire Rope according to Wire Thickness.

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1. What is the Confined Space ?

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Secondary Hazard in the Confined Space.

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7. What is a Confined Space Job Safety Analysis?

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Categories of Hazardous Chemicals.

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10. General Safety Tips (cont.).

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16. First Aid for Chemicals on the Skin.

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HYDROGEN SULFIDE (H2S) SAFETY - 9

Unit of Measurement for toxic gases like H2S.

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10. Rescue Procedure.

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Expand the following.

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A Job Safety / Hazard Analysis is a way of studying a job to :

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1. Why to mange risks –

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Benefits of good Housekeeping –

INCIDENT & STATISTICS REPORT – 14

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Definitions and HSE Statistics Calculation

2. Severity Rate (SR) - For a specified period, it is :

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DRILLS EMERGENCY EVACUATION - 16.

1. Emergency Evacuation – It is the movement of persons from a dangerous place to a safe

FALL PROTECTION – 17.

 Fall are the leading cause of death.

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Questions for HSE.

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Duties & Responsibilities (Use for example)

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Mohammed Shamshad Alam.