Engineering Data

Analysis
Interpretations of Probability
& Probability Experiments
 Conditional Probability
The probabilities of certain events need to be
reevaluated as more information becomes
available. This means they may be recalculated
based on their dependence on other events.
Conditional Probability Notation
 EXAMPLE
Given 400 parts classified by surface flaws and
defectiveness. Let D denote the event that a part is
defective and let F denote the event that a part has a
surface flaw.

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 EXAMPLE
What is the probability of a defective part given that it has
a surface flaw?

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 EXAMPLE
What is the probability of a defective part given that it has
a surface flaw?

P(D|F) = 10/40 = 0.25

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 EXAMPLE
What is the probability of a defective part given that it has
a surface flaw?
P(D|F) = P(D intersection F)/P(F) = (10/400)/(40/400)
= 10/40 = 0.25

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 EXAMPLE
What is the probability of a defective part given that it has
no surface flaw?

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 EXAMPLE
What is the probability of a defective part given that it has
no surface flaw?

P(D|F') = 18/360 = 0.05

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 EXAMPLE
What is the probability of a defective part given that it has
no surface flaw?
P(D|F') = P(D intersection F')/P(F') =
(18/400)/(360/400) = 0.05

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 EXAMPLE
Note the following probabilities:

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Example:
Example:
MULTIPLICATION RULES of PROBABILITY
For two events A and B that are connected or
sequential in nature and where the second event is
dependent on the first, the following rule applies:
Example:
Example:
Example:
Example:
MULTIPLICATION RULES of PROBABILITY
For two events that are sequential but independent of
each other, the following rules apply:
Example:
Example:
Example:
Example:
Example:
Example:
Example:
Example:
To be continued
Any questions?

john.ranopa@ustp.edu.ph
+63 967 218 3359
ECE Department