AET302-AIRCRAFT

STRUCTURES II
Lecture 1
Prepared by
Mr.S.SULTHAN
ASST.PROFESSOR
SGU,ATIGRE
Unit I Review of Concepts
Stress

• Stress is the a measure of what

the material feels from externally
applied forces.

• It is simply a ratio of the external

forces to the cross sectional area
of the material.
Types of Stress
• There are six types of stress:

• Compression,

• Tension,

• Shear,

• Bending,

• Torsion, Fatigue.

• Each of these stresses affects an object in different ways and is caused by the internal
forces acting on the object.
Is stress a material property
• No, stress is not a property of a
material.
• Stress is simply the resistance
offered by a body to external
force applied on it.
• It doesn't remain the same every
time like a property of a material.
• The stress inside a body varies
with respect to the external force
applied on it.
Hooks Law
• Hooke's law states that the strain of the
material is proportional to the applied
stress within the elastic limit of that
material.

• When the elastic materials are stretched,

the atoms and molecules deform until
stress is applied,

• And when the stress is removed, they

return to their initial state.
Hooks Law
Hooks Law for Normal stress Hooks Law for Shear stress
Poisson's ratio
• Poisson's ratio is defined as the ratio of the change in the width per
unit width of a material, to the change in its length per unit length, as a
result of strain.
Principal stresses

• The maximum stress is called the Principal stress

• The plane at which the maximum stress induced is called the Principal
plane

• The shear stress will be zero on the principal planes

Principal stresses
• Principal stresses are maximum and
minimum value of normal stresses on
a plane (when rotated through an
angle)
• On which there is no shear stress.
• Principal plane
• It is that plane on which the principal
stresses act and shear stress is zero.
Shear stress

• Shear stress, force tending to

cause deformation of a material

by slippage along a plane or

planes parallel to the imposed

stress.
Equilibrium Forces

• If the size and direction of the

forces acting on an object are
exactly balanced, then there is no
net force acting on the object and
the object is said to be in
equilibrium. ... Because the net
force is equal to zero