Unit II

TYPES OF RESEARCH
Types of Research

A. Based on Inquiry
1. Rationalistic
2. Naturalistic
B. Based on Purpose
1.Basic Research
2.Applied research
3. Developmental Research
C. Based on Method
1.Historical Research
2.Descriptive Research
3. Experimental Reseach
4.Correlational Research
5.Ex Post facto Research
6.Evaluation Research

A. Based on Inquiry

1. Rationalistic . Rationalistic inquiry are the established traditional systems in

systematic inquiry. The rationalistic inquiry begins with an existing theory. Formal
instruments are used in categorizing the basis for collecting data and transforming
such data into quantitative measures. Findings are generalized. The problem is
converted into dependent and independent variables after which the researcher
develops strategies and instruments to control relationships between and among
naturally occurring variables. Once the steps of the research design are completed,
the researcher returns to the theory formulated to interpret the results.

2. Naturalistic. Naturalistic inquiries state that we must understand the framework

within which the subject under study interpret their environment to be able to
understand human behavior. The individual’s thoughts, values, perceptions and
actions are studied.

B. Based on Purpose- refers to the extent to which the findings are used.

1. Basic Research . Also known as “fundamental” or “pure” research is directed

towards developing new or fuller scientific knowledge or understanding of the subject
rather that its practical application. Theories and hypotheses containing abstract and
specialized concepts are develop and tested. The researcher’s intellect is triggered
and social implications of existing social problem are uncovered.

2. Applied Research. Applied research is research undertaken to solve practical

problems rather than to acquire knowledge for knowledge sake.

Also known as “action research” is directed towards the practical of knowledge.

The theory may be supported, modified or revised. A new theory may even be
provided. Applied research, covering mostly social science areas, entails large-scale
studies with subsequent problems on data collection. Action research is a
methodology that combines action and research to examine pacific questions, issues
or phenomena through observation and reflection, and deliberate intervention to
improve practice.

3. Developmental Research. Developmental research refer to the systematic work

drawing on existing knowledge gained from research and/or practical experience that
is directed to producing new materials, products and devices; to installing new
processes, systems and services; and to improving substantially those already
produced or installed. This type of research is often used in engineering and
technology areas.

C. Based on Method

1. Historical Research
2. Descriptive Research
3. Experimental Research
4. Correlational Research
5. Ex Post Facto Research
6. Evaluation Research