Development of Self

I. IDENTITY FORMATION
 
This is the development of one’s personality – the entity lasting in part of
individual’s life. In short, personality is the part of someone’s identity.
 
This includes a sense of continuity, a sense of uniqueness from others, and a
sense of affiliation.
Self

Known                              unknown

Public Blind

Sharing Feedback

Hidden Dark

Disclosure Revelation

SELF-CONCEPT
The understanding of oneself.
SELF-CONSCIOUSNESS
The awareness of oneself.
 
II. ASPECTS OF SOCIALIZATION
As we take part of the society, we adapt certain behaviors, values and traits
from interacting to other beings that we take as part of ourselves afterwards.
 
III. 3 GOALS OF SOCIALIZATION
 First, socialization teaches impulse control and help individuals develop a
conscience.
 

Second, socialization teaches individuals hoe to prepare for and perform

certain roles- occupational roles, gender roles, and the rules of institutions
such as marriage and parenthood.
Last, socialization cultivates shared sources of meaning and value.
IV. NORMS AND VALUES
This guides individual in behaving in the society.
Normal – one who shows conformity to the rule.
Normative- beliefs that are expressed as directives value judgments.
Mores – a significant norm that is widely observed.
Folkways – norms for traditional and casual interaction.
VALUES
Standards that people use to decide what is desirable and good, and
beautiful, and that serve as broad guidelines for social living.
4. aspects of the sociological concept of value:
 
1. Values exist at different levels of generality or abstraction.
2. Values tend to be hierarchically arranged.
3. Values are explicit and implicit.
4. Values often are in conflict with one another.
 
V. STATUS AND ROLES
Status - Simply as a position in a social system.
Ascribed status - A social position that a person receives at birth or takes on
involuntarily later in life.
Achieved Status - Social position that takes on voluntarily that reflects
identity and personality.
Roles - Behavior expected of someone who holds a particular status. A
person who holds status performs a role.
Role manipulation - through impression management has bearing on the
formation of a person’s self-identity.
VI. AGENTS OF SOCIALIZATION
 Any persons or institutions that shape a person’s values and behavior.
Ex. Family, Peer groups, the Media, The School, and the workplace.
A. Family - basic unit of society wherein reflects the attitudes, values and behaviors
of an individual.
B. Peer groups - groups whose members are more or less the same age, sex and
rank.
C. The media - television has become a major agent of socialization.
D. The School - an institution that is established explicitly for the purpose of
socializing people a primary agent for weaning children from home and
introducing them into the larger society.
E. The work Place - they may go through a formal socialization program or an OJT
training.
 
VII. Social Control
A kind of mechanism exerted by the society in order to create a social order in
the society according to cultural standards.
Deviance
Defined as a violation of cultural norms and standards in the society.
 
Generally, deviance is divided into two forms: criminal and non-criminal.
 
Criminal deviance is the violation of a society’s formally enacted criminal law.
 
Non-criminal deviance, where most sociologists argued to focus on includes
xenophobia, homophobia, mental disorders, and other similar deviations.
 
VIII. Different Forms of Deviance:
 
 Physical Deviance – is the most visible form of deviance and it can evoke
stereotypes, stigma, and discrimination. Sociologists describe two types of
physical deviance: (1) violations of aesthetic norms (what people should look
like) (2) physical incapacity, which would include those with physical disability.
 Sexual deviance – may include exotic dancers, strippers, sex tourism,
and anonymous sex in public restrooms, bisexuality, online sexual predators,
prostitutes, premarital chastity, and many others.
 Deviance in Cyberspace – is a relatively new phenomenon, but it already
has many different forms, including the online pedophile subculture,
 cyberbullying, online misbehavior of college students, “sexting”, and the illegal
downloading of music, movies, and readings.
IX. Types of Social controls
Direct Social control - That type of social control which directly regulates and
controls the behavior of the individual is called Direct Social Control. This type
of control is to be found in family, neighborhood, play-groups and other types of
primary groups. In these institutions, parents, neighbors, teachers, classmates
etc., keep control over the behavior of the individuals.
Indirect Social control - In this type of social control distant factors keep
control over the behavior of the individual. Such a type of control is exercised
by secondary groups through customs; traditions, rationalized behavior etc.
and public opinion are important forms of indirect social control.