GRADED PROJECT 3

Part 1

#1 LIGHT DEPENDENT RESISTOR

LDRs (light-dependent resistors) are used to

detect light levels, for example, in automatic
security lights. Their resistance decreases as the
light intensity increases: in the dark and at low
light levels, the resistance of an LDR is high and
little current can flow through it.

#2 VARIABLE RESISTOR

An electronic component that is used

to vary the amount of current that
flows through a circuit.
Some examples of
variable resistors
are the volume
control knob on a
radio and a
dimmer switch
used for a light.
#3 THERMISTOR
A resistor whose resistance
depends on temperature
2 types: negative temperature
coefficient (NTC) and positive
temperature coefficient (PTC)
examples: Thermistors to regulate the temperature
from inside a mobile device and thermistors to
stabilize the temperature of laser diodes

#4 RELAY

an electromagnetic
switch that opens
and closes circuits
electromechanically
or electronically.

examples ✨
latching relay
machine tool relay
multi- voltage relay
 DIODE
a semiconductor device with two
examples✨
terminals, typically allowing the flow
- toaster ovens
- switches of current in one direction only.
- hair curlers

circuit symbol

real image

circuit symbol

real image

LIGHT EMITTING DIODE

a type of diode that emits
examples✨
light when a current runs

- illuminators
through it - advertisements
- indicators
 FUSE
An electrical safety device that
operates to provide overcurrent
protection of an electrical circuit.

LOGIC GATE
A digital electronic
circuit that is made
to perform certain
logical operations

Types of logic gate:

AND, OR, NOT,
NAND, NOR, XOR, X
NOR

 GRADED PROJECT 3
PART 2: TRIP-SWITCH

the trip- switch have a part called

the trip unit which is designed to
sense the heat resulting from an
overload -> make the switch trip
disconnect the circuit
prevent overload to protect
the wiring and equipment
attached to the circuit

-If there is something wrong in your

circuit (wiring) then the switch will
immediately turn the power where
there is problem off
-Therefore, it keeps both the circuit
from further damaging and keeps us
from getting hurt
 GRADED PROJECT 3
Part 3

symbol

A cell is a single unit device A battery usually

definition

which converts chemical consists of group of

energy into electric energy. cells.

Dry Cell, Wet Cell , Reserve Primary battery & Secondary

types
Cell and Fuel Cell. battery.
feature

Light and compact. Heavy.

Power
Supply power for a short time. Supply power for a long time.

Clocks, lamp, radio, remote Automobiles, inverter,

usages

control devices etc. emergency light etc.

Cheap. Costly.
prices

CELL BATERRY
Q1
 Q2
stands for
ELECTROMOTIVE SOURCE
almost interchangeable terms:

VOLTAGE/ ELECTROMOTANCE/ POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE

Q3
thermistors
are non-ohmic resistors because they
have a varying resistance.
 Q4
power
The rate, per unit of time, at which
electricity is transformed

Q5
transducer
An electronic device which converts energy
from one form to another.
GRADED PROJECT 3
Part 4