ABANTE, MACLAIRE E.

BSMT 3B3

Define/Describe The Following Major Art Forms

1. Painting- Painting is the act or process of using paint. The paint can
create an artwork known as a painting, or it can be used more practically
as a protective coating or form of decoration. Paintings are a form
of visual art that captures the expression of ideas and emotions on a two-
dimensional surface. Painting is defined as the process of applying paint,
or another medium, to a solid surface – usually a canvas. Paints or other
forms of color are commonly applied to using a paintbrush. 

2. Sculpture- an artistic form in which hard or plastic materials are worked

into three-dimensional art objects. The designs may be embodied in
freestanding objects, in reliefs on surfaces, or in environments ranging from
tableaux to contexts that envelop the spectator. An enormous variety of media
may be used, including clay, wax, stone, metal, fabric, glass, wood, plaster,
rubber, and random “found” objects. Materials may be carved, modeled,
molded, cast, wrought, welded, sewn, assembled, or otherwise shaped and
combined.

3. Architecture- the art and technique of designing and building, as

distinguished from the skills associated with construction. The practice of
architecture is employed to fulfill both practical and expressive requirements,
and thus it serves both utilitarian and aesthetic ends. Although these two ends
may be distinguished, they cannot be separated, and the relative weight given
to each can vary widely. Because every society—settled or nomadic—has a
spatial relationship to the natural world and to other societies, the structures
they produce reveal much about
their environment (including climate and weather), history, ceremonies, and
artistic sensibility, as well as many aspects of daily life.

4. Photography- is the art, science, and practice of creating durable images

by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either chemically by
means of a light-sensitive material such as photographic film, or electronically
by means of an image sensor. Typically, a lens is used to focus the light
reflected or emitted from objects into a real image on the light-sensitive
surface inside a camera during a timed exposure. The result in an electronic
image sensor is an electrical charge at each pixel, which is electronically
processed and stored in a digital image file for subsequent display or
processing. The result in a photographic emulsion is an invisible latent image,
which is later chemically developed into a visible image, either negative or
positive depending on the purpose of the photographic material and the
method of processing. A negative image on film is traditionally used to
photographically create a positive image on a paper base, known as a print,
either by using an enlarger or by contact printing. Photography has many
uses for business, science, manufacturing, art, recreational purposes, and
mass communication.
ABANTE, MACLAIRE E. BSMT 3B3

5. Literature- a body of written works. The name has traditionally been

applied to those imaginative works of poetry and prose distinguished by the
intentions of their authors and the perceived aesthetic excellence of their
execution. Literature may be classified according to a variety of systems,
including language, national origin, historical period, genre, and subject
matter.For historical treatment of various literature's within geographical
regions, see such articles as African literature; African theatre; Oceanic
literature; Western literature; Central Asian arts; South Asian arts;
and Southeast Asian arts. Some literature's are treated separately by
language, by nation, or by special subject (e.g., Arabic literature, Celtic
literature, Latin literature, French literature, Japanese literature, and biblical
literature).

6. Music- is a collection of coordinated sound or sounds. Making music is the

process of putting sounds and tones in an order, often combining them to
create a unified composition. People who make music creatively organize
sounds for a desired result, like a Beethoven symphony or one of Duke
Ellington's jazz songs. Music is made of sounds, vibrations, and silent
moments, and it doesn't always have to be pleasant or pretty. It can be used
to convey a whole range of experiences, environments, and emotions.

7. Dance- the movement of the body in a rhythmic way, usually to music and
within a given space, for the purpose of expressing an idea or emotion,
releasing energy, or simply taking delight in the movement itself. Dance is a
powerful impulse, but the art of dance is that impulse channeled by skillful
performers into something that becomes intensely expressive and that may
delight spectators who feel no wish to dance themselves. These
two concepts of the art of dance—dance as a powerful impulse and dance as
a skillfully choreographed art practiced largely by a professional few—are the
two most important connecting ideas running through any consideration of the
subject. In dance, the connection between the two concepts is stronger than
in some other arts, and neither can exist without the other.

8. Theater- also spelled theater, in architecture, a building or space in which

a performance may be given before an audience. The word is from the
Greek theatron, “a place of seeing.” A theatre usually has a stage area where
the performance itself takes place. Since ancient times the evolving design of
theatres has been determined largely by the spectators’ physical
requirements for seeing and hearing the performers and by the changing
nature of the activity presented.
ABANTE, MACLAIRE E. BSMT 3B3

9. Film- also called motion picture or movie, series of still photographs on

film, projected in rapid succession onto a screen by means of light. Because
of the optical phenomenon known as persistence of vision, this gives
the illusion of actual, smooth, and continuous movement. Film is a remarkably
effective medium in conveying drama and especially in the evocation of
emotion. The art of motion pictures is exceedingly complex, requiring
contributions from nearly all the other arts as well as countless technical skills
(for example, in sound recording, photography, and optics). Emerging at the
end of the 19th century, this new art form became one of the most popular
and influential media of the 20th century and beyond.

10. Drawing- the art or technique of producing images on a surface,

usually paper, by means of marks, usually of ink, graphite, chalk, charcoal,
or crayon. Drawing as formal artistic creation might be defined as the primarily
linear rendition of objects in the visible world, as well as of concepts, thoughts,
attitudes, emotions, and fantasies given visual form, of symbols and even of
abstract forms. This definition, however, applies to all graphic arts and
techniques that are characterized by an emphasis on form or shape rather
than mass and colour, as in painting. Drawing as such differs from graphic
printing processes in that a direct relationship exists between production and
result. Drawing, in short, is the end product of a successive effort applied
directly to the carrier. Whereas a drawing may form the basis for reproduction
or copying, it is nonetheless unique by its very nature.