Reviewer - Professional Education 2

PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION REVIEWER 2
1) Which of the following corresponds to Kohlberg’s post-conventional or principled level of moral

development?
a right action consists of what instrumentally satisfies one’s own needs
b right action is defined by the decision of conscience in accordance with self-chosen
universal ethical principles
c good behavior is based on the physical consequences of action
d good behavior is that which pleases or helps others or is approved by them
2) In Kohlberg’s stage 6 of Post Conventional Morality, the individual’s judgment is based on ___.
a.standards/norms and expectations of the group
b.the arbitrariness of social and legal conventions
c. both social standards and internalized ideas
d.external criteria-standards of right and wrong which are laid down by authority
3) The relationship between education and culture tends to be cyclical. This means that ____.
a the school is shaped by culture and culture in turn is influenced by the school
b the school function is primarily as a transmitter of culture and is a change agent
c the school becomes the avenue through which the individuals learn their culture
d culture is transmitted by the school system, and the classroom is the place where
transmission takes place
4) An athletic coach training college students for an intercollegiate tournament in weight-lifting would
do well to select his prospective contestants from the high school group because muscular
strength ____.
a.reaches its peak at age 17 and stabilize till age 20
b.continues to grow reaching its peak at age 20
c. reaches fill maturity after age 20
d. depends upon the proportion of muscles and fat which stabilizes after age 20
5) Teachers should bear in mind that the period of greatest mental development is from ___.
a 3 to 6 years c. 6 to 9 years
b 9 to 12 years d. 12 to 15 years
6) Which patterns of development closely parallel to the pattern for speech development?
a.emotional and moral
b.intellectual and moral
c. intellectual and motor
d.emotional and motor
7) What would be an effective way of avoiding social stratification is the classroom?

a. provide limited experience to children of less privileged classes
b. provide influence of mass media for children of all social classes
c. encourage higher educational aspirations among the less privileged pupils
d. assign leadership roles to the children of the upper social class
8) The environment in order to facilitate learning must be interactive. Which of the following best
typifies this kind of environment?
a the child summarizes the section on fossils in his science textbook
b the child listens to a lecture on fossils given by the teacher
c the child goes out and discovers for himself some rock or fossil
d the child copies a list of facts concerning fossils on the blackboard
9) A student fainted during the flag ceremony. It was found out that he didn’t take his breakfast.
What psychological principle is shown in this situation?
a. somatotonic principle
b. safety needs principle
c. .physiological need principle
d. Id principle
10) The individual has to learn developmental tasks at each stage of development. Failure to do so at
an earlier stage may cause problems in later stages. Arrange the following tasks according to the
stages when they occur in one’s life span.
a developing conscience, morality and a scale of values
b learning to distinguish right from wrong
c acquiring a set of values and an ethical system
d taking on civic responsibility
a. b-a-c-d c. a-c-b-d
b. c-a-b-d d. a-b-c-d
11) Some students have pointed out that the course of human development can be influenced
positively by manipulating some aspects of the internal and external development. One thing a
teacher can do in this regard is to ___.
a. keep the room well-ventilated, orderly and clean
b. provide learners with a set of routine activities to be followed strictly
c. arrange the seat in such away that every learner feels comfortable
d. provide learners with a variety of enriched learning materials and aids for the different’
12) Learning increase directly in proportion to the extent to which the learner is wholly bound up in
his task. How does a teacher show this in her lesson? The teacher gives lessons that ___.
a. have significance and worth to the child
b. are fictitious to appear to their imagination
c. portray complex ideas
d. are easy to comprehend
13) When an adolescent combines ability to use deductive and inductive reasoning in constructing
realistic rules that he can respect and live by, how does he perceived his environment?
a. he views the world form his perspective
b. he sees events apart from himself and other people
c. he interprets events from a limited view
d. he sees the world and himself through the eyes of others
14) Heredity has a part in determining intelligence. Which of the following statements support this
principle?
a intelligence is determined partly by pre-natal nutrition
b identical twins are more alike than fraternal twins
c intelligence hinges in physical structure
d environmental affects both fraternal and identical twins
15) Development tasks are to be learned by the individual at the each stage of development. If these
tasks are not developed at an early stage, this may cause problems in later years. Arrange the
following tasks according to the stages when they occur in one’s life span.
i. acquiring a set of values and an ethical span
ii. developing conscience, morality and a scale of values
iii. learning to distinguish right from wrong
iv. taking a civic responsibility
a III, II, I, IV c. II, IV, I, III

b I, II,III, IV d. III, I, II and IV
16) Which of the current classroom practices is influenced by Skinner’s operant conditioning?
a. progression of subordinate learning
b. reinforcement of correct practices
c. connection between stimulus and response
d. involuntary response to a stimulus
17) The psychological developmentalist made the child the center of the educational process through
application of its law of learning. Teaching should therefore be primarily directed towards the
____.
a promotion of the child’s social unconsciousness
b development of the child from within
c use of effective media technology
d systematic formulation of methods
18) Which of the following would you considers MOST indicative of actual maladjustment of a
student?
a. failing to take care of school properties
b. spending his entire allowance each week on science fiction paperbacks
c. finding fault wit the work of this classmate
d. inviting his classmates to eating places in an attempt to be popular
19) Who introduce the technique of using the drawing of a man as a measure of intelligence?
a Binet c. Good enough
b Aristotle d. Herbert
20) Human development follows a pattern. Which of the following demonstrates this theory?
a. In Geography class, children learn the difference provinces
b. ahead of their own town
c. Petra names sampaguita, roses and camia before learning the word flower
d. A child learns the word ANIMALS before he can name dog , cat, goat and cow
e. In mathematics learners know division ahead of addition
21) Pre-school education is a recognition that the period of greatest mental development among
individual is from ___ years.
a. 6 to 9 c. 9 to 12
b. 12 to 15 d. 3 to 6
22) Social development means that acquisition of the ability to behave in accordance with ____.
a.social insights c. stereotyped behavior
b.universal norms d. social expectations
23) Which of the following demonstrates that education and culture tend to cyclical?
a the school becomes the avenue by which individual learn their culture
b culture is transmitted by the school system and the classroom becomes the place of
transmission
c the school shaped by culture and culture in tern influence by the school
d the school functions primarily as a transmitter of culture and is a change agent
24) Which of these statements is TRUE regarding the indoctrination of a child in making decision?
a. this will facilitate the child’s ability to make decisions
b. this will give hi the opportunity to make right decisions at an early stage
c. this will make him dependent on the thinking of others
d. this will enhance his ability to think and decide
25) How does peer group influenced adolescence?

a stops the learning and development of social roles
b provides the adolescents the time to make unwise
c decisions
d allows the young to free himself from too much dependence on his family
e allows the young to stay away from home
26) Terman’s studies of superior children show that in moral and personal traits the superiority is
significantly marked. What this suggests to the teacher?
a. limit the experience of this group to personal growth
b. distribute the activities of this group equally between moral and personal
c. expose this group to moral and personal experience
d. provide this group with more experiences in school’s outside or moral and personal
27) Children in the early stage consider teachers and parents as authorities and models. What does
this statement imply?
a teachers and parents should serve as role models at all times
b parent-teacher conference should always be an activity in school
c parents should enforce strict discipline at home and teachers in school
d teachers should demand complete obedience form the learners in school
28) The environment must be interactive to facilitate learning, which of the following situation is an
example of this?
a. the class copies a list of facts concerning the habitat of insects
b. the teacher lectures on the habitat of insects
c. the class goes out and discovers the habitat of insects
d. the teacher shows posters of the habitat of insects
29) Which of the following statements involving the relative mental abilities of delinquent and non-
delinquent children has been supported by studies to be generally true?
a there are marked differences between the performance of two groups
b there are no significant difference between them
c non-delinquent children are somewhat brighter than delinquent children
d delinquent children are slightly but significant brighter
30) How does a teacher demonstrate that the course of human development can be influenced
positively by manipulating some aspects of the internal and external development?
a. arranging the seats in such a way that every learner feels comfortable
b. providing learners with a set of routine activities to be followed strictly
c. providing learners with a variety of enriched learning materials and aids for different
subjects
d. keeping the room well-ventilated, orderly and clean
31) This system of learning includes ways and methods, which are used in preserving and building
certain traditions within cultural communities. This refers to ___.
a cultural learning system
b indigenous learning system
c multi-level learning system
d non-formal learning system
32) Social experimentation believes that education should develop in the learner a social motive and
intelligence to enable them to help solve problems of changing society. Teachers are therefore
encouraged to ____.
a. teach the learners what to do as they know in making right decisions
b. involve the community and discuss objectively relevant issues to guide learners in evaluating
them
c. influence the learners in making choices and conclusions as regards controversial issues
d. tell the learners to accept social traditions wholly because social heritage is of great value
33) Which of these contributions was the idea advanced by “Gestalt” psychologists?
a. the best method of learning is through “conditioning”
b. the individual reacts to a total environment
c. a particular stimulus will lead to a specific response
d. each “faculty” of the brain must be provided with appropriate exercise
34) The principle of individual differences requires teachers to ____.

a. prepare modules for slow learners in the class
b. provide varied learning activities to suit individual needs
c. treat all learners alike while in the classroom
d. give more attention to he gifted students
35) All learning is bond connecting. In which of the following is this principle NOT applicable?
a. habits c. reflexes
b. attitudes d. skills
36) In which of the following teacher tasks is knowledge of children’s affective development of LEAST
significance?
a. understanding the emotionally-based causes of pupil behavior
b. sampling of classroom activities that generate excitement and happiness
c. helping children overcome negative emotions
d. exploring one’s own emotional reactions to various types of pupil behavior
37) Which of the following behavior indicates that a child has developed conventional maturity? The
behavior is based on ____.
a. the desire to avoid severe physical punishment by a superior authority
b. personal decisions based on his satisfaction
c the expectations of the group or society in general to gain approval
d internalized ideals to avoid self-condemnation rather than social censure
38) If children are cooperatively engaged with the teacher in a group project the children will discipline
themselves each member of the group exercises –
a. obedience to the teacher c. peer influence
b. special interest d. moral compulsion
39) Che-che collapsed in her Social Studies class. It was found out that she did not eat her lunch.
What principle is shown in this situation?
a. physiological needs c. safety needs
b. somatotonic d. psychological need
40) The levels and types of abilities present in adolescence will be maintained or enhanced in
adulthood depending on such factors as:
A. education C. cognitive activities
B. experiences D. social activities
Which combination of abilities is maintained or enhanced?
a. A-B-C c. A and C
b. A-B-C-D d. B-C
41) This is the stage when the learner becomes confused and starts to experience identity crises.
Which of these stages is it?
a. early childhood c. late childhood
b. early adulthood d. adolescent
42) Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the level of mental maturity necessary for a
learner to profit from opportunities?
a. it can be determined by readiness test
b. it may be reached at the age of seven
c. it varies from task
d. it can approximately be reached at the age of five
43) Researches established that complete coordination of motor activities is attained at:
a. pre-natal stage c. childhood stage
b. adolescence state d. infancy
44) Which of the following will trigger additional development if a child is exposed to more challenges
and stimuli in his surroundings?
a. Potentials c. emotional development
b. Intelligence d. interest
45) If a resilient child with superior intelligence is reared in a poor environment the probable outcome
would be___?
a. mental retardation since he is cultural deprived
b. mental change in IQ because he is culturally deprived
c. no change in IQ because environmental deprivation has nothing to do with intelligence
d. slight change in IQ although he can overcome frustration and obstacle
46) Which of the following is usually considered the most important factor in a child’s observable
classroom behavior?
a. intelligence c. cultural background
b. heredity d. self-concept
47) A number of researchers found that the effects material employment on children’s achievement is
___.
a. positive and negative c. fully established
b. negative d. hardly established
48) Which developmental task is expected of the adolescent according to Havighurst?

skilled in games
a. learning to get along with age-mates
b. achieving new and more mature relations with age-mates of both sexes
c. getting started in an occupation
49) Mr. Esmane wants his pupils to be creative. Which of the following will REFRAIN from doing?
a. develop student’s ability to recognize and analyze problems and relationships
b. encourage sustained attention in an area of interest
c. heighten the students sense of the unusual
d. develop solely skill mastery
50) Alou dance well. She can figure out how something works or how to fix something that is broken,
without asking for help. Based on Gardener’s theory of multiple intelligence what intelligence is
she strong?
a. musical c. logical-mathematica
b. kinesthetic intelligence d. spatial intelligence
51) Which one correctly describes the phenomenon of lately children?

a. they are poorly motivated school children
b. they are engaged in child labor
c. they are truant school children
d. they turn to empty homes after school either to sit by the television or to roam the streets
52) Moral development is early childhood is characterized by __.

a. questioning rules
b. acting out of conviction
c. willful disobedience of rules
d. acting without knowing why they do so
53) In her teaching, Ms. Breis moves from particular instances to tentative generalizations that are
subjected to further verification. Ms. Breis engages herself in ___.
a. deductive logic c. inductive logic
b. philosophical analysis d. intuition
54) Which of the following is not a subject-centered curriculum?

a. value-oriented c. back-to-basics
b. subject area d. perennialist
55) Which of the following is a correct statement of emotional intelligence based on Daniel
Goleman’s theory?
a. emotional intelligence is giving free rein to feeling
b. emotional intelligence changes less considerably than IQ through life
c. emotional intelligence is being nice to people
d. emotional intelligence is feeling appropriately and effectively
56) The authoritarian setting in the Filipino home is reinforced by a classroom teacher who __
a.is open to suggestions
b.encourages pupils to ask questions
c. ask open-ended questions
d.prescribes what pupils should do
57) Which stage according to Erikson is the stage of trust and mistrust?
a. entry childhood c. adolescence
b. young childhood d. infancy
58) Daniel Goleman talks about emotional intelligence. Which of the following characterize a student
with a high degree of emotional intelligence?
a. sensitive to the points of view and feeling
of others
b. prodded by others
c. obsessed with achieving at any cost
d. unable to delay gratification
59) According to Hurlock, studies of children’s play have revealed that toy play reaches its peak
during the ___.
a. late childhood years c. early childhood years
b. babyhood d. middle childhood years
60) Which among the following has been said to play in irreplaceable role in the education of the
young?
a. Home c. church
b. School d. community
61) Which is NOT a characteristic of democratic discipline?

a.child has opportunity to express his/her opinion
b.child is given punishment is related to the misdeed
c. child understand the meaning of rules
d.child obeys blindly
62) Babyhood is often referred to as a “critical period” in the development of personality because –
a changes in the personality pattern take place
b at this time the foundations are laid upon which the adult personality structures will built
c the brain grows and develops at such an accelerated rate during babyhood
d at this time the baby is exposed to many hazards both physical and psychological
63) The tendency to emphasize so much on school beautification to the detriment of pupil’s
performance illustrates the ___.
a.Filipino’s loves for “porma” at the expense of substance
b.Filipino’s lack of seriousness
c. Filipino’s sense of humor
d.Filipino lack of reflection
64) Which is a danger signal of adolescent maladjustment?

a prolonged treatment as children
b inappropriate body-build
c attraction to the opposite sex
d irresponsibility as shown in neglect of studies in favor of having a good time
65) Ms. Ramos is often times frustrated. The students in her class hardly volunteer to recite and to
do other learning-related tasks. This is a proof of the Filipino’s ___.
a. sense of humor c. lack of reflection
b. lack of resourcefulness d. passivity and lack of
initiative
66) Which period in the life span of an individual is characterized by growth spurt?
a. pre-natal and puberty
b. early childhood
c. prenatal period and early childhood
d. early childhood and adolescence
67) Which of the following is not a hazard to the mastery of developmental tasks?
a. inappropriate or impossible expectations
b. crises when individuals pass from one stage to
another
c. unfavorable social judgment
d. by passing of a stage of development as a result of failure to master the tasks for that stage
of development
68) Which of the following statements on developmental task is wrong?

a. Retirees are not expected to work on mastering certain developmental tasks
b. There are essential skills expected to be acquired and mastered in each developmental
stage
c. The mastery of developmental tasks is a result of physical maturation, societal pressures
and individuals aspiration
d. Failure to master developmental tasks at a certain developmental stage has far reaching
consequences in a person’s development
69) Based on Victor Lowenfield’s classification, which sequence in the developmental stages of
children in art is followed?
a pre-schematic stage, schematic stage, scribbling stage, pseudo realistic stage, dawning
realism stage
b pre-schematic stage, schematic stage, scribbling dawning realism stage, pseudorealistic
stage
c scribbling stage, pre-schematic stage, schematic stage, pseudo realistic stage, dawning
realism stage
d scribbling stage, pre-schematic stage, schematic stage, dawning realism stage, pseudo
realistic stage
70) Which is a focusing thinking skill?

a. summarizing
b. obtaining information
c. clarifying through inquiry
d. identifying key concepts
71) Such physiological characteristics as the helplessness of nursery kinds, the inborn curiosity of the
primary school pupils, the social conciseness of high school students and the practical purposes
of college students established that:
a. the individual has certain characteristics at each level of development that makes him
educable
b. education is a basic need of the individual at every level of development
c. education is psychologically based
d.education is adjustment and adoption
72) Intelligence plays a significant role in learning. Which statement is untrue?

a the higher the intelligence, the greater the ability to learn
b the higher the intelligence, the more education is not needed
c the higher the intelligence, the more accurate man can respond
d the higher the intelligence, the faster man can adjust to his environment
73) Ms. Aura Vivian Llapitan, a Grade One teacher, has observed that her pupils respond actively to
various class activities. Why are her pupils teachable?
a. their economic competence makes him receptive to education
b. their independence makes them more obedient
c. they are more open to experience
d. any of three is correct
74) In education as agent of modernization the curriculum tends to focus on well-defined orientation.
Which described best the curriculum in this sociological view?
a. future oriented c. present oriented
b. past oriented d. tradition oriented
75) Miss Melody San Pedro, who is a firm believer of education as cultural transmission is equally
interested in the following except one. Which is not a concern of education as cultural
transmission?
a. current social issues
b. intentions or objectives
c. changes in the learners behavior
d. manner of making the learner function
76) Ms. Catherine Eullo, a teacher in Social Studies, strongly believes in education as agent of social
and cultural change. What would be the emphasis of her lessons?
a. current social issues and problems of the student’s own community
b. social life of the "past” and the “far-away”
c. political history of the “great” countries
d. historical and geographical facts
77) The function of schooling is determined largely by the generally accepted social conception of
education. What is the function of the school curriculum in a school that regards education as
cultural transmission?
a. to serve as a unifying element among social classes
b. to serve as a boundary breaking between social classes
c. to serve as an instrument to remove social status stratification
d. to serve as a boundary-maintaining structure between social classes
78) Education and culture tend to be cyclical. Which of the following clearly explains this statement?
a. culture is influenced by the school and the school is shaped by the culture
b. culture influences the school function as a change agent
c. culture is primarily transmitted by the school
d. culture is learned basically from the school
79) Mary Joy brings all her books to school because she wants to please the teacher and get good
grades. To which of the following levels of morality according to Kohlberg does she belongs?
a. Conventional
b. pre-conventional
c. post-conventional
d. either pre-conventional or conventional
80) Following Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development, Mrs. Medina provides her students varied
activities that enable them to classify objects according to more than one variable, rank order
items in logical series and understanding that amounts of mass or liquid do not change because
their shape does. The development tasks can be expected to be performed by ___.
a. elementary school children c. college students
b. high school students’ d. preschoolers
81) The nature-nature controversy gave rise to conflicting theories of human development. Mrs.
Adora Santiago, a grade school teacher however believes that both heredity and environment
interact to facilitate the total development of her pupils. Therefore, Mrs. Santiago is likely to
support which of the following statements?
a. intelligence is entirely heritable
b. intelligence is a function of 50% heredity and 50% environment
c. intelligence is more influenced by environment than hereditary factors
d. intelligence can be improved by exposing a child to a stimulating environment
82) Mr. Rebancos, a high school teacher, is aware of the fact the puberty brings new feelings about
the self, as well as attitude in other people who relate to the maturing child-adolescent. How may
he best help his high school students develop positive attitudes towards self and others?
a. orient them on the typical characteristics of adolescents
b. ask them to write down their own perceptions of themselves and others
c. encourage them to engage in worthwhile and productive activities
d. organize a seminar on personality development among adolescents
83) Jacquelyn Mendoza does not do anything in class. She will only complete a task if you sit with
her and continually tell her that what she is doing is correct. During her free time she sits at her
desks starting into space. If you ask what she’d like to do she just smiles sweetly and shakes her
head negatively. How would you describe Jacquelyn’s behavior?
a. passive-antagonistic c. indifferent-shy
b. passive-dependent d. proud-progressive
84) Learning takes place best when –

a. learning exercises are focused on the right side of the brain
b. learning exercises involve both sides of the brain
c. learning exercises are focused on cognitive objectives
d. learning exercises are focused on the left side of the brain
85) Marvin, a Grade I pupil plays with his classmates, but cannot accept defeat, Based on Piaget’s
theory of cognitive development, in what developmental stage is Marvin?
a. concrete operation c. formal operation
b. sensorimotor d. pre-operation
86) What is the highest level of comprehension?

a. critical comprehension c. integration
b. critical evaluation d. literal comprehension
87) Mother equally divided the pineapple in two glasses for her two boys. One glass is short but stout;
another long but thin. Both boys wanted the long but thin glass believing that it contained more. In
what developmental stage are the boys?
a. concrete operation c. sensorimotor
b. formal operation d. pre-operational
88) “What I hear, I forget; What I see, I remember; What I do, I understand” This means that pupils learn
best when they __.
a. learn independently
b. work with groups
c. watch TV
d. takes active part in the learning process
89) Both Muslim and Christian value marriage but the Muslim practices polygamous marriage while the
Christian practices monogamous marriage. What is this called?
a. ethical relativism c. acculturation
b. enculturation d. cultural relativism
90) Marvin, a Grade I pupil, is happy when he wins in a game but sulks when he doesn’t. Which does
Marvin’s behavior indicate?
a. Egotism c. rigidity of thought
b. Egocentrism d. semi-logical reasoning
91) If the student is encouraged to develop himself to the fullest, which of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
should he satisfy?
a. safety needs c. belongingness
b. physiological needs d. self-actualization
92) A student passes a book report poorly written but ornately presented in a folder to make up for the
poor quality of the book report content. Which Filipino traits does this practice prove?
a. “porma” over substance
b. art over academics
c. substance over “porma”
d. art over science
93) Extreme authoritarianism is the home reinforces learners to –

a. work creatively
b. depend on the others for direction
c. direct themselves
d. do things on their won initiative
94) A group of Filipino children served as respondent in a research conducted, the children were asked
to tell what they wanted to be, if given the choice. None of them said “to be an American, to be a
Japanese, to be a Korean, etc. What does this finding show?
a. inferiority of other nationalities
b. superiority of the Filipino
c. superiority of other nationalities
d. Filipino lack of a sense of national pride
95) An “I thou” relationship exists between teacher and students where there is –
a. favoritism c. respect
b. pretension d. prejudice
96) Which refers to the Filipino trait of practicing conflicting values in different venues and with different
social groups?
a. crab mentality c. lack of foresight
b. willingness to take risks d. indolence
97) It is easy for children to learn language because each person as Language Acquisition Device that
predispose one to acquire language. This theory is espoused by ___.
a. Watson c. Chomsky
b. Gardner d. Piaget
98) According to Erikson’s theory, the child aged three to five is largely ___.
a. mischievous c. lazy
b. Egocentric d. altruistic
99) Students in school tend to group themselves by region of origin and think of themselves as first and
above all as Visayan, Ilocano, Tagalog. This shows that Filipino are generally –
a. more universalistic than particularistic
b. more personal than impersonal
c. more particularistic than universalistic
d. more impersonal than personal
100) The information processing psychology asserts that –

a. the learner is a passive receiver of stimuli
b. the learner is totally conditioned by environment
c. learning is purely a conditioning process
d. learning is an interactive process between the learner and the environment
101) Two identical balls of clay are shown to the child. The child agrees that they are equal. Teacher
changes the shape of one of the balls and asks the child whether they still contain equal amounts
of clay. The child answers, “No, the longer has more.” What skill does the child lack?
a. centration
b. cognitive development theory
c. reasoning
d. conservation
102) Which theory does this demonstrate? “A young boy might observe his father’s aggressive outburst
and hostile interchanges with people; when observed with his peers, the young boy’s style of
interaction is highly aggressive.”
a. social cognitive theory
b. cognitive development theory
c. operant conditioning
d. classical conditioning
103) Jones is a shy student and prefers to be alone. Based on Jung’s psychological theory, under what
classification does he fall?
a. extrovert c. paranoid
b. ambivert d. introvert
104) Which theory on development puts emphasis on the importance of sensitive period in development?
a. ecological theory c. psychoanalytic theory
b. social cognitive theory d. ethnological theory
105) According to the cognitive theory of human development, the primary determinant of behavior is
____.
a. cognition c. heredity
b. unconscious thought d. environment
106) Which may be undesirable result of the misuse of education technology on human development?
a. brain-drain c. dehumanization
b. mechanical learning d. knowledge explosion
107) For Freud, the primary motivation for human behavior is sexual in nature while for Erikson it is ____.
a. social c. physical
b. cultural d. biological
108) Based on Freud’s psychoanalytic theory which component(s) of personality is (are) concerned with
a sense of right and wrong?
a. super-ego c. id
b. super-ego and ego d. ego
109) Which conception of age is wrong?

a. chronological age is different from biological and psychological age
b. chronological age , biological age, psychological and social age are related
c. psychological age and social are two different things
d. chronological age is the same as biological and psychological age
110) As humans we walk at about one year, engage in fantasy play as a young child, and become more
independent as a youth. What does this prove? Each of us develops partly –
a. like no other individuals
b. like no other individuals, like some other individuals, like all other individuals
c. like all other individuals
d. like some other individuals
111) In Piaget’s theory an individual’s adjustment to new information is called ___.

a. organization c. assimilation
b. accommodation d. adaptation
112) The psychoanalytic theorists believe the following EXCEPT

a. development is not in any way colored of emotion
b. we analyze the symbolic meaning of behavior not focus on the behavior
c. early experience with parents extensively shape our development
d. we have to analyze the inner workings of the mind to understand behavior
113) Which teacher’s attitude best reflects his/her understanding of development as a product of
maturation?
a. patience when dealing with the slower ones
b. creativity with the classroom strategies or task
c. fairness when giving grades or school marks
d. cheerfulness and enthusiasm when discussing
114) Which one is Piaget’s and Erikson’s thought about children’s play?
a contributes to the child’s mastery of his physical and social environment
b makes a child’s life so enjoyable that he will tend to hate school life later
c prepares a child for an excellent academic performance in formal schooling
d develops in the child a highly competitive attitude because of the nature of play
115) Miss Beth Burbon, a preschool teacher sees to it that the children are given opportunity to
explore and work on different materials so that they will develop initiative and not guilt. She is
guided by the theory of –
a.Maslow c. Gardner
b.Kohlberg d. Erikson
116) Which of these statements true about the development of super ego according to psychoanalytic
theory?
a. it is present at birth
b. it begins to develop during the first 2 years of life
c. it begins to develop during the fifth to sixth year of life
d. it begins to develop at puberty
e. it begins to develop in late adolescence
117) Sigmund Freud maintained that nervous are primarily a result of:
a. overly severe toilet training
b. inappropriate identification
c. primary process
d. inadequate super ego development
e. sexual disturbances
118) Which of these indicates the flow of free association as minted by Sigmund Freud?
a. reaction formation d. Para praxis
b. resistance e. the pleasure principle
c. repression
119) According to current research, a daughter is most likely to have traditional vocational aspirations if
she has a:
a. non-working mother
b. working mother
c. mother in a traditionally masculine occupations
d. working father
e. high occupational status father
120) Sequential studies of human development suggest that the growth of intelligence may continue
through:
a. late adolescence d. late adulthood
b. early childhood e. old age
c. middle adulthood
121) In the theory developed by Jean Piaget, the first unit to appear in cognitive development is:
a. language d. rule
b. schema e. image
c. concept
122) According to Freud, children pass through all of these psycho-sexual stages of development
EXCEPT the:
a. oral d. autoerotic
b. anal e. genital
c. phallic
123) A prominent “embracing” response that can elicited in a newborn infant by a sudden change in
the head position is called the:
a. sign of Babinski d. infant carry response
b. startle allows reflex e. primate hug
c. convulsive reflex
124) In comparing health behavior of younger and older people, older people report all these
EXCEPT:
a. more symptoms
b. less positive health status
c. more vulnerability to health threats
d. decline in regular physical activity
e. improvement of eating habits
125) In Rene Spitz’s classic study of sensory deprivation, he found all of these to be true EXCEPT
that:
a. social interaction with other human is essential in infant development
b. in the first 4 months, infants in the fondling home (having less contact with other people)
scored better on several developmental indices than those in the nursing home (where
others visited)
c. by 1 year, fondling home infants had fallen far below those in the nursing home on
developmental indices
d. after 1 or 3 years, most infants in the fondling home could not walk or talk
e. children in the nursing home had a higher incidence of infection that those in the fondling
home because of many social contacts
126) The complex symptoms characterizes of children who are deprived of their mother or of a mother
substitute during infancy and often extending into the first year of life is known as:
a. stranger anxiety d. childhood hizophrenia
b. anxiety neurosis e.. alacrities depression
c. autism
127) Which of the following concludes the processes that allow a child to move from one stage of
development to he next in Piaget’s theory of child development?
a. reinforcement d. accommodation
b. equilibrium e. equilibration
c. assimilation
128) Which of these variables affects the phenomenon of parent-child bonding as proposed by Kenell
and Klaus?
a. infants’ language development
b. infants’ cognitive development
c. amount of crying done by infant
d. length of breastfeeding
e. all of these
129) Major obstacles for children in creative solving of problems include:

a. failure to understand or grasp the problem
b. forgetting certain aspects of a problem
c. fear of failure
d. insufficient knowledge
e. all of these
f. none of these
130) Which of the following are major health problems in adolescents?

a. have a genetic bases
b. have a sexual bases
c. involve sensory deficits
d. are self-inflicted
e. involve bacterial and viral infections
131) College students are considered to be at risk for AIDS because of:
a. frequent sexual contact
b. a sense of vulnerability
c. the belief that only homosexual and drug users gets AIDS
d. the belief that educated people are not apt to get AIDS
e. all of the above mentioned
f. none of the above mentioned
132) Harry Harlow’s work with inanimate surrogate mothers for children suggests that the early
experience is critical to the ultimate development of “love” is:
a. positive reinforcement
b. be protected form danger
c. contact comfort
d. need reduction by nursing
e. maternal stimulation
133) Emotional expression involving a stereotyped sequence of fixed action patterns include:
a. smiling d. apprehension
b. know flush response e. aching
c. startle response
134) An assessment of personality, normative and objective method refers to:

a. used of “ink blot” techniques
b. sophisticated technique for measuring the accuracy of a persons perception pf reality
c. predictions of behavior on the basis of intensive interviewing
d. predictions of behavior on the basis of data from personality tests
e. a way of reality evaluating personality rather than of simply assessing how a person
behaves
135) In Erickson’s Theory, self-esteem tend to be positively influenced by:

a. opportunities for favorable social comparison
b. association with persons possessing a higher sense of self-worth
c. feedback of success and failures
d. sympathetic explanations of continuous negative feedback or comparisons
e. all of these
f. none of these
136) According to Freud, the superego contains the:

a. conscience d. reality principle
b. pleasure principle e. all of these
c. ego ideal f. none of these
137) In Carl Roger’s personality theory, the essential components of a psychotherapeutic process
involves:
a. therapist unconditional positive regard
b. a therapist empathy on the child
c. reflection of the child’s feelings
d. interpretation of unconscious process
e. all of these
f. none of these
138) Which of these personality theorists strongly emphasized the importance of unconscious
determinants?
a. Shiner d. Freud
b. Murray e. Piaget
c. Kevin
139) Erickson views the stage of young adulthood as being best described by a crisis of:
a. trust versus mistrust
b. intimacy versus isolation
c. identity versus role confusion
d. initiative versus guilt
e. autonomy versus dependence
140) The environmental factor with the most under used potential for developing cognitive and
interpersonal competence in children is the:
a. school
b. family setting
c. community mental health center
d. health care system
e. child welfare agency
141) All of these research findings on adult development are true EXCEPT that:
a. significant development changes continue to occur throughout adulthood
b. as people age, there is an increasing range of differences between individuals
c. changes in adult occur in all areas of development (cognitive, physical, and social-
personal)
d. adult cognitive changes may show quantitative reduction on an ability test, but a qualitative
acquisition of a different form of intelligence
e. just as is the case in childhood and adolescence, there are predominant and universal
development stages in adulthood
f. all of these
142) Which of these reflected Erickson’s Theory of life cycle and growth of the ego?
a. sexual device is crucial in determining the development of sense of identity
b. ego maturation is genetically predetermined, cultural influences are of minor importance
c. there are eight stages characterized by crisis whose satisfactory resolution is essential
d. phases of development are characterized in turn by aggressive, affective, achievement,
nurturance and power motives
e. people are burdened with too many ego function
143) Institutionalization during infancy often involves all these consequences EXCEPT:
a. poor linguistic organization during early childhood
b. deficits in concept formation and abstract thinking
c. later impairment of motor skills
d. analytic depression
e. abnormal behavioral patterns
144) The most rapid increasing rate of mortality is found in:

a. infancy d. middle age
b. childhood e. old age
c. adolescence
145) Stages in the child’s normal development of speech are characterized by all of these statements
EXCEPT that:
a. between 1 and 6 months, infants invent new noises and experiment with them
b. infants 4 to 5 months old will repeat sounds they hear
c. infants between 12 and 18 months will intentionally use a word appropriate to the situation
d. between 24 and 36 months, infants use 200 to 300 words in phrases and two and two-
word sentences
e. by 48 months of age, the child should have a vocabulary of about 1500 words
146) Research findings on early gender-role identification and behavior show that all these statements
are true EXCEPT that:
a. gender-related differences in play behavior are evident as early as 13 months
b. males are generally more aggressive in their play and problem-solving activities than are
females
c. children who experience gender reassignment after the age of 2 are considered to be high-
risk candidates for psychological disorders
d. children between 3 and 4 years of age are able to make gender-appropriate choices to
western stereotypes
e. females 3 to 5 years old appear to be more concerned about gender-appropriate play a
activities than are males of similar age
147) Which of these statements about the development of moral standards during the childhood is
true?
a. only at puberty do a child’s moral standards become independent of external rewards and
punishments
b. the development of guilt as a reaction to transgressions is fostered by parental warmth
c. children of 11 or 12 years of age are more likely to make inflexible, absolute moral
judgments than those 7 or 8 years of age
d. older children are likely than younger children to judge behavior as right or wrong in terms
of its reinforcement outcome
e. the development of moral reasoning is independent of general intellectual maturation
148) Compared with pregnant women aged 20-25, pregnant adolescence are apt to:
a. experience parental pressure to restrict food intake
b. inadequate parental care
c. higher rates of infant mortality
d. higher rates of birth defects and mental retardation
e. all of these
f. none of these
149) In comparing overweight adolescent boys and girls, girls are among apt to:
a. experience parental pressure to restrict food intake
b. eat in response to negative and positive mood
c. be blamed by their parents for weight mood
d. interpret presence of other people as a sign signal for eating
e. all of these
f. none of these
150) Children develop identification with a parent as a result of:

a. perception of similarities, physical and behavioral
b. imitation of parental mannerisms
c. communication from others concerning similarities
d. attractiveness of the parent
e. all of these
f. none of these
151) Which of these patterns show cognitive skills of early childhood?

a. at 18 months, a child begins to follow simple one-part directions, begins many questions
with “what”, imitates people in his or her environment, and infers causes from observing
effects
b. at 2 years, the child begins to learn about time sequences, matches simple shapes and
sizes, attempts new solutions to old problems, and may arrange several words in
grammatically incorrect sentences
c. at 3 years, the child asks many “why” questions talks in sentences using four or more
words, can give his first and last name, and may talk about his fears
d. at 4 years, the child may begin many questions with “how”, knows the days of the week
and can follow a three-step direction in proper order
e. all of these
f. none of these
152) Which of these characterize language development is childhood?

a. infants 15 to 20 weeks of age use different patterns of vocalization to identify discomforts
such hunger, fright and pain
b. most children master all consonant sounds by the age of 3 to 3 ½ years
c. the first words spoken are usually nouns
d. vowels emerge in hierarchical order between ages 3 to 7 years
e. all of these
f. none of these
153) Biological changes in the adolescent years include:

a. a growth spurt for girls with peak velocity at 14 years of age
b. menarche at anytime between 10 to 16 ½ years of age; the average now is under 13 years
of age
c. a growth spurt for boys with peak velocity at 12 years of age
d. growth of testes beginning as early as age of 9 ½ or a late age of 13 ½ and ending at
anytime between ages 13 ½ and 17 years
e. all of these
f. none of these
154) This is a true statement regarding childhood dreams.

a. they start when the child is able to talk
b. they are experienced as pleasant more often as a preschooler grows older
c. they increase in frequency as child approaches the age of 5
d. they are frightened of nightmare at a relatively age from 3 to 4 years
e. all of these
f. none of these
155) Concepts of death and pain at various stages of the child development include that:
a. between birth and 2 years of age, separation is more apt to be experienced as
synonymous with death
b. children 3 or 4 years of age believe that a toy feels pain when it is broken
c. children 5 to 6 years old fantasize that the dead person continues to experience emotion
and biological function in the grave
d. children 7 to 9 years of age realize the inevitability of death for all living things, no longer
fell responsible for the death of others, and yet feel that death can be avoided
e. all of these
f. none of these
156) Significant changes in physiological and cognitive functioning develop with age. Studies of aging
show that:
a. intra-individually variability is decreased with aging
b. there is more age-related decline found in longitudinal methods than in cross-sectional
methods
c. inter-individual variability is decreased with aging
d. life style and experience play a major in retention of various cognitive functions
e. all of these
f. none of these
157) A Sigmund Freud, an Austrian physician is credited for originating or popularizing the following:
a. the unconscious mind
b. the classic psychoanalytic “couch” technique of retracting past experience
c. the early childhood as the origin of emotional disorders
d. the id ego and super ego
e. all of these
f. none of these
158) Both sexes if preschoolers are said to place a great value on the penis, with boys treasuring their
sex organ and fearing some injury to it or attack upon it by hostile others. It develops into a:
a. castration anxiety d. electra complex
b. penis envy e. oedipus complex
c. libido
159) A person who engenders intolerable amounts of hostility may become the object of excessive
affection. This is a defense mechanism called:
a. displacement d. repression
b. reaction formation e. suppression
c. identification
160) In Erickson’s theory, toddler phase constitutes the period in which the child must establish a
sense of:
a. basic trust d. industry
b. autonomy e. identity
c. initiative
161) A child entering a school age period, finds his abilities wanting and discouraged in his
development of industriousness. He may conceptualize himself as:
a. guilty d. role confusion
b. mistrusting e. shame and doubt
c. inadequate and inferior
162) An infant at 7 months may have his psychomotor skills like:

a. uncoordinated movements of the and arm begin to progress to definite reaching and
grasping
b. when being pulled to a sitting position, the child may attempt to stand
c. smiles and laugh aloud often, responding to stimulation from familiar children and adults
d. he may wish to use a spoon while feeding himself
e. all of these
f. none of these
163) An angry, frustrated toddler in the midst of tantrum cannot be effectively dealt with by reasoning
or threats. The wisest approach in dealing with the situation is:
a. promising to give the desired object as soon as possible
b. providing an activity other than the desired object
c. attracting him with another object
d. ignoring his behavior, reduced external stimulation, remove any objects which might prove
injurious
e. playing with him music and dance
164) Which of the following situations do children learn language skills?

a. through the spoken word d. all of these
b. by imitating sound e. none of these
c. by trials of using words appropriately
165) Children who consequently test low in verbal development are usually those who:
a. receive little verbal instruction and socially and economically deprived
b. receive a noisy verbal communication
c. frequently receive non-verbal gestures
d. have a family that interacts most of the time
e. live in air environment with spiritually inclined neighbor
166) A child learning to undress sees the activity as:

a. accomplishment
b. punishment
c. means to attract one’s attention
d. a practice to one’s sexual curiosity
e. a self of self-encouragement
167) What is the correct sequence of motor activity that belongs to 4-year-old children?
1. throws ball overhand
2. cuts out one’s attention
3. builds five-block gate from model
4. copies square
5. hits nail head with hammer
a. 1, 2, 3, 4 d. 1, 2, 3, 5
b. 2, 3, 4, 5 e. 1, 2, 4, 5
c. 1, 3, 4, 5
168) A 5 year old child’s verbal abilities include all these EXCEPT it:
a. uses adult speech forms
b. finds speech more important in peer relationships
c. repeats six-syllable sentences
d. participates in conversation without monopolizing it
e. talks constantly
169) A 5 year old child in Erickson’s stage of initiative vs. guilt shows that he/she:
a. has dream and nightmares
b. is serious about self and abilities
c. is less rebellious
d. accepts responsibility for facts
e. all of these
f. none of these
170) These are all the guidelines helpful to parents and other adults in relating to young children
EXCEPT:
a. discipline should be motivated by love and should have as its objective the child’s long-
range best interest
b. discipline should be consistent
c. the child should know why is being disciplined and should be helped to identify acceptable
alternatives to his misbehavior
d. discipline should NOT be limited to hazardous activities affecting the physical, emotional,
or social well-being of the child
e. ineffective measures should be corrected
171) The essential foundation that must be established in the therapeutic relationship is:
a. trust d. relation
b. confidence e. love
c. change
172) A Freudian Slip, wherein one’s true but hidden feelings or thoughts are revealed by the child is
an example of what coping mechanisms:
a. regression d. relation
b. repression e. reworking
c. resistance
173) Which of these factors is considered a risk factor for childhood disorder?
a. intact family d. age
b. genetic vulnerability e. social class
c. social support
174) What are the most important skills one must have when working with adolescent in the
classroom?
a. denial of personal limitations
b. flexibility with predictability
c. serious attitude
d. ability to challenge
e. calmness with respect
175) Paul 12 years has been addicted to prohibited drugs for 2 years now. What is the best
intervention or management control effective in working with substance abuse people?
a. firm and directive
b. installation of values
c. helpful and advisory
d. subjective and nonjudgmental
e. compassionate and tender
176) You encountered an 11 year old drug user who is incoherent, giddy and euphoric. You had
noted irritation of the eyes, nose and mouth and susect inhalation abuse. Which sign is most
indicative of inhalant abuse?
a. vomiting d. sudden fear
b. bad breath e. sweating
c. “bad trip”
177) Nora 10 years old is undergoing obsessive-compulsive behavior and 5 to times wash her hand in
an hour’s time. The patient will not be able to stop her compulsive washing routines until she:
a. acquires more super ego strength
b. recognizes the behavior is unrealistic
c. no longer needs the manage her feelings of anxiety
d. regains contact of reality
e. realizes that hand washing need to be frequent
178) Nora was diagnosed with personality disorder with compulsive traits. Of the following behaviors,
which one could you expect Nora to exhibit or manifest?
a. inability to make decisions
b. spontaneous playfulness
c. inability to alter plans
d. insistence that things be done her way
e. inability to achieve anything
179) Lyn, 14 years old is assessed of amenorrhea, constipation, and slow heartbeat. She expresses
a distorted body image and fear of being fat. These are signs and symptoms of:
a. Cushing syndrome d. bulimic syndrome
b. conversion disorder e. anxiety state
c. anorexia nervosa
180) When family is participating in the therapy, what is the priority issue that must be confronted
resolved?
a. abuse d. divorce
b. finances e. family
c. control
181) Linda just turns 12 years old and sexually abused. Linda’s parents have already reported the
matter to the police and initial investigation showed rape. She was interrogated but didn’t
respond. The rape victim didn’t talk, is withdrawn and depressed. The defense mechanism being
used is:
a. rationalization d. regression
b. denial e. depression
c. repression
182) Three-year old Angela has a story of being securely attached to her mother. It most likely that
Angela is:
a. unusually intelligent
b. easily frustrated and irritable when her mother is absent
c. preoccupied with maintaining close physical contact with her mother
d. outgoing and successful in her interactions with other children
e. all of these
f. none of these
183) Marly is a sensitive, responsive parent who consistently satisfies the needs of Sara, her infant
daughter. According to Erickson, Sara is likely to:
a. from a life long attitude of basic trust toward the word
b. encounter some difficulty in overcoming the limitation of egocentrism
c. encounter some difficulty in forming an attachment to her father
d. achieve formal operational intelligence more quickly than the average child
e. all of these
f. none of these
184) The Albertson’s establish and enforce rules for the children to follow. They give reasons for the
rules and invite their teenagers to join the discussion when new rules are being made.
Psychologists would characterize the Albertson’s as _____ parents.
a. authoritarian d. democratic
b. egocentric e. permissive
c. rejecting-neglecting
185) Gilbert notices that his sausage is sliced into six pieces, whereas his brother’s is sliced into nine
pieces. He understands, however, that his brother’s sausage is not actually any larger than his
own. This indicates that Gilbert has by now reached the _____ stage of development.
a. formal operational d. preoccupation
b. sensorimotor e. all of these
c. concrete operational f. none of these
186) Dr. Wong believes that children who are not responsive to parenting during the first 2 months of
life will never develop basic trust toward the world. Obviously, Dr. Wong believes that this period
is a(n) _____ for learning basic trust.
a. developmental crisis
b. operational stage
c. critical stage
d. sensorimotor stage
e. maturational span
187) Carol is stressed because post-child-birth complications prevented her from being in close
physical contact with her child during its first few hours. Carol should be told that:
a. infants should be left physically undisturbed during the first few hours of life so they can
rest
b. physical contact with her infant immediately after birth would not contribute to the
development of mother-infant attachment
c. human infants do not have well-defined critical periods for the formation of a mother-infant
attachment
d. as long as she can breed-fed her baby, no lasting damage will be done
e. all of these
f. none of these
188) Instead of happily exploring the attractive toys located in the pediatrician’s waiting room, little
Sara tenaciously clings to her mother’s skirt. Sara most clearly shows signs of:
a. habituation d. plasticity
b. egocentrism e. conservation
c. insecure attachment
189) In an unfamiliar but pleasing setting, infants with an insecure attachment to their mothers are
likely to:
a. quickly leave their mother’s side and explore their surroundings
b. show little distress when their mothers physically leave them alone in the strange setting
c. show indifference or hostility toward their mothers when they return after a period of
absence
d. demonstrate unusually low levels of stranger anxiety
e. form a life-long attitude of basic trust toward the word
190) Four-year old Lynnae is usually timid and fearful, where her 3-year old sister is typically relaxed
and fearless. The two sisters are most striking different in:
a. maturation d. accommodation
b. temperament e. assimilation
c. egocentrism
191) The quantitative or measurable aspect of an individual’s increase in physical measurements is:
a. physical development d. development
b. physical growth e. replication
c. social growth
192) The qualitative or behavioral aspects of progressive adaptation to the environment is:
a. physical development d. development
b. physical growth e. replication
c. social growth
193) The process of becoming fully developed and grown is:

a. aging d. progression
b. maturation e. regression
c. replication
194) The following are measurable growth indicators, EXCEPT:

a. height d. sexual age
b. weight e. learn to put words together
c. skeletal growth
195) Which of the following is an indicator of development and growth?

a. the infant relinquishes crawling for walking
b. height capacity for growth
c. weight increase in adulthood
d. sexual age in aging
e. sexual growth for maturation
196) Which of the following tasks belongs to the fine motor development?
a. lifts head and chest while prone
b. sits with support
c. grasps and briefly hold objects and task them to mouth
d. rolls over
e. stands alone
197) Growth and development are influenced by the following forces of the family, EXCEPT:
a. peers
b. life expectancy
c. environmental elements
d. life experience
e. one’s mental capacity
198) The correct directions of human growth is:

1. cephalo-caudal 3. disto-proximal
2. caudo-cephalo 4. proximo-distal
a. 1, 2 d. 1, 4
b. 1, 3 e. 2, 3
c. 2, 4
199) The theorist who believes that each stage of development has a personality crisis in involving a
major conflict that is critical at the time is:
a. Piaget d. Freud
b. Maslow e. Erickson
c. Dunn
200) The theorist who view t hat the development of the mind as occurring thru adaptation to the
environment via assimilation and accommodation:
a. Piaget d. Freud
b. Maslow e. Erickson
c. Dunn
201) Learning process associated with a particular stage of development often are referred to as
“developmental tasks.’ A characteristic of development task is that:
a. there is no specific uniform time for learning a task
b. tasks are learned at the same age in children
c. tasks occur with predictable rhythm
d. most development task are learned by school age
e. if follows a pattern
202) The school nurse discusses the eating habits of school-age children explaining to the parents
that these habits are most influenced by:
a. food preferences of their peers
b. the smell and the appearance of the food offered to them
c. the atmosphere and examples provided by parents at mealtimes
d. parents encouraging their children to eat nutritious foods
e. availability of foods
203) The school nurse discusses adolescent behavior with the parents explaining that according to
Erickson, the central problem of adolescence is establishing a sense of:
a. identity d. initiative
b. industry e. autonomy
c. intimacy
204) Which of the following statements would be best for the school nurse to use when describing the
onset of adolescence in boys and girls?
a. girls and boys experience the onset of adolescence at approximately the same age
b. boys experience the onset of adolescence 1 to 2 years earlier than girls
c. girls experience the onset of adolescence approximately 1 to 2 years earlier than boys
d. boys experience the onset of adolescence 3 to 4 years later than girls
e. girls experience the inset of adolescence 3 to 4 years later than boys
205) This is the point of view held by Wundt and Titchener that experience or mental states are made
of sensations, images, or ideas, and feelings as well as analysis of these elements, their
attributes and the combinations.
a. structuralism d. gestalt psychology
b. functionalism e. purposive psychology
c. behaviorism
206) The conception of experience at any given moment is determined by the totality of its related
phases, which constitute an integrated pattern or configurations.
c. behaviorism
207) The stimulus-response theory believes every stimulus creates a response where activities can be
measured objectively.
c. behaviorism
208) Mental processes are functions or operations of the organism in its adaptation to and
modification of its environment.
c. behaviorism
209) These are inborn automatic response to simple localizes stimulation involving particular muscles
and parts of the body.
a. temperament or emotion
b. capacities and special aptitudes
c. drives, needs, wants, urges
d. reflexes
e. personality
f. motivation
Identify what type, kind, law of theory of learning each of the following indicates :
210) “Acquisition of knowledge, facts, information, ideas and concepts.”

a. law of learning
b. cognitive learning
c. manipulative dexterity
d. gestalt theory
e. law of readiness
211) “Involves the use of muscles and bodily movements.”

a. psychomotor learning
c. motor learning
d. law of exercise
e. law of readiness
212) “Involves the accurate and precise use of hands and feed in handling gadgets, machines , tools
and equipments.”
a. law of learning d. gestalt theory
b. aesthetic learning e. law of readiness
c. manipulative dexterity
213) “Performing a series of solutions to a problem until the right one is found.”
c. trial and error
214) Establishing the relationship between words and objects, between principles and situations, and
between ides and things.
a. associative of learning
b. aesthetic learning
c. connectionism theory
d. gestalt theory
e. law of readiness
215) “Overcoming or removing difficulty to attain a goal.”

a. associative learning
b. theory of generalization
c. law of effect
d. cognitive learning
e. none of these
216) “Formation of values, attitudes, appreciation and judgments.”

d. gestalt theory
e. law of readiness
217) “Coordinating the movements or reflexes of the different parts of the body to attain the desired
performance of an activity.”
a. Psychomotor learning
c. bodily movement coordination
d. motor learning g
e. law of readiness
218) “Appreciation of the good and beautiful and abhorrence of the bad.”
d. gestalt theory
e. law of readiness
219) “Development by reading and studying that enriches knowledge.”

d. Thorndike’s connectionism theory
e. law of readiness
220) “Learning based on association between stimuli and responses.”

d. law of readiness
e. none of these
221) “Going at once into water to learn how to swim.”

d. law of readiness
e. none of these
222) “When an organism is ready to act, action is satisfying, inaction is annoying.”

d. gestalt theory
e. law of readiness
223) “Learning is strengthened if it gives satisfaction to the leaner.”

d. law of effect
e. law of readiness
224) “The more a connection is repeated, drilled upon or reviewed, the stronger it becomes.”
d. law of effect
e. law of readiness
225) “The dog, upon the ringing of a bell, salivates whether food is presented or not.”
b. classical conditioning theory
d. law of effect
e. law of readiness
226) An individual tends to repeat a rewarding behavior or situation and avoid unpleasant ones.”
a. operant conditioning theory
d. law of effect
e. law of readiness
227) Use of insight and understanding in learning.”

d. law of readiness
e. none of these
228) The behavior of the individual is the result of the interaction between internal forces (individual’s
traits) and external forces (environment).
a. theory of generalization
d. theory of configuration
e. none of these
229) “Learning, involves acquisition, transformation and evaluation.”

e. none of these
230) “Similar to the Gestalt theory, this refers to the unified or total pattern of organization of a learning
situation so that the components lose their identity."
a. theory of generalization d. theory of configuration
b. classical conditioning theory e. law of readiness
231) “Experiences in one situation can be applied in another learning situation.”

e. law of readiness
232) “Learning with reflex action.”

c. congenital theory
e. law of readiness
233) “Braille reading as form of learning.”

c. sensory learning
d. gestalt theory
e. law of readiness
234) Learning how to write a story or a novel.”

a. Psychomotor learning
c. bodily movement coordination
d. motor learning
e. law of readiness
235) Furnishes explanations of mental and emotional maladjustments in terms of the inability of the
individual to satisfy his own desires and emphasizes the values of mental and emotional therapy
as cure for emotional cases or problems.
a. temperament or emotion
b. capacities and special aptitudes
c. drives, needs, wants, urges
d. reflexes
e. personality
f. motivation
236) Which of the philosophical position could plausibly be taken to support the practice of allowing
students to choose their own educational goals and experiences?
a. Positivism d. realism
b. Existentialism e. perenialism
c. essentialism
237) The most important educational contribution made by the primitive people who influence our
modern societies was their _____.
a. initiation ceremonies and animism
b. crude sciences
c. vocational education
d. religion and philosophies
e. vocational education
238) Education during this period was essentially intellectual discipline based on rational arguments.
These points to ___.
a. feudalistic education c. scholastic education
b. saracenic education d. monastic education
239) The Athenian ideal of education was the formation of a cultural soul in a graceful and symmetrical
body. This is achieved by ____.
a. using the seven liberal arts
b. putting the emphasis on physical education
c. a well balanced development of mind, body and soul
d. adopting the philosophy “Know thyself”
240) Which of the following illustrates the Christian perspective of democracy in education?
a. education controlled by the government
b. education subsidized by the government
c. education of all human beings without distinction of race, social economic or political status
or the like
d. equal opportunities of educating men and women
241) This 18th century doctrine advocates for education in accordance with nature. Educator who
holds this view stressed that in learning the child should be ____.
a. naturally disciplined for him to concentrate more
b. allowed to develop according to his own inner impulses and inclinations
c. subjected to a specific regimen or training
d. trained in accordance with the standards set by the teacher
242) In the history of educational system, including that of the Philippines, which system was first and
has remained a partner of other system of education?
a. Formal c. pre-school
b. Informal d. non-formal
243) If a ruler wants to maintain himself in power he must govern by moral power. Upon whose
teaching is this based?
a. Kung-fu-tzu c. Buddha
b. Lao Tzu d. Mohammad
244) Which of the following ways of life refer to Taoism?

a. practice an all embracing love
b. practice the golden rule
c. love one another
d. be natural
245) According to Confucius, what is the best way to rule a people and attain harmony?
a. by allowing people to do as they please
b. by consulting the governed
c. by force
d. by moral example
246) The cultivation of reflective and meditative skills in teaching is an influence of –

a. Confucianism c. Shintoism
b. Taoism d. Zen Buddhism
247) Confucius asserted that in teaching there should be no distinction of classes. Confucius’s
teaching is in support of –
a. moral recovery program
b. back-to-basics
c. education for all
d. values education
248) The emphasis is given on respect and care for the aged in Value Education classes goes along
with teaching of an Oriental philosopher by the name of __
a. Hsun tsu c. Kung-fu-tsu
b. Mo tsu d. Lao tsu
249) The current emphasis on the development of critical thinking by the use of philosophic methods
that emphasize debate and discussion began with ___
a. Confucius c. Aristotle
b. Socrates d. Plato
250) The inclusion of Logic in the curriculum is perhaps an influence of the importance of logic that
____ stressed.
a. St. Agustine c. The Hedonists
b. The Humanists d. The Scholastics
251) Spiritual training disciplines both mind and body. The individual soul is part of his absolute soul.
These thoughts from part of ____ philosophy.
a. Greek c. Hebrew
b. Chinese d. Hindu
252) The law of karma, what you sow you reap, are words often said when Filipinos attempt to explain
a misfortune perceived to be rightly deserved by someone. This originated from the __
a. Hebrews c. Greeks
b. Hindus d. Chinese
253) The commonly used question-and-answer method that includes debate and discussion is in
consonance with the method of ___
a. Confucius c. Aristotle
b. Plato d. Socrates
254) To occupy a government position, one had to pass an examination of Confucian thought. From
whom did this influence come?
a. Hebrews c. Hindus
b. Chinese d. Greeks
255) Ancient Chinese education consisted of:

a. mastery of numerous technically alphabet and languages
b. memorization and exact imitation of the works of Confucius mastery of mathematics and
sciences
c. A & B answers
d. None of these
256) Education in ancient India was based on their caste system, which means:
a. all people were free to get education
b. education was reserved for the upper class Brahman
c. education was informal
d. education for the men only
e. all people shall go to heaven
257) There is similarity between the Hindu-philosophy and Christian religion in the sense that:
a. Both Hindus and Christians aim for unity, harmony, eternal peace and enjoyment
b. Both Hindus and Christians believe in the same God
c. Both Hindus and Christians emphasized religion and morality
d. A & C answers
e. None of these
258) Which of the following describes education in ancient Egypt?

a. Parable, conversational method was used
b. Apprenticeship method was used in teaching skills
c. Vocational training, embalming, astronomy, mathematics were taught in the temples
d. B & C answers
e. None of these
259) Ancient China’s educational practice is comparable to the present practice in Philippines
bureaucracy as:
a. Analects of Confucius are taught in schools
b. Every examination that an individual passed has a corresponding decoration in dresses, in
household as well.
c. Passing civil service exam is a requirement for employment
d. Passing government examination is useless
260) Egyptian’s ancient picture – writing system is known as____.

a. Papyrus d. palaestra
b. Hieroglyphics e. paedotribe
c. scriba
261) Ancient Jewish education is associated with _____.

a. synagogues temple schools
b. bible and the Talmud
c. religious education by Rabbis – who were teacher priest
d. all of these
e. none of these
262) Ancient Greek’s liberal education was intended for _____.

a. religious and moral purposes
b. physical development
c. moral-spiritual development
d. development of well-rounded personality
e. intellectual development
263) Aside from the liberal and democratic education, Greek’s contributions to the world include:
a. Olympics games d. all of these
b. mythology e. none of these
c. democracy, philosophy
264) Greeks’ first Olympic games were held to honor ____.

a. king or rulers
b. gods and goddesses
c. athletes’
d. philosophers and scientists
e. dead ancestors
265) Which of the following describes the Greek City of Sparta?

a. authoritarian government
b. military city state, military academy
c. at birth, the child is taken cared by the mother but at the age of seven he is turned over the
paidonomous
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
266) Which of the following describes the Greek City of Athens?

a. liberal education
b. freedom of thoughts, expression and religion
c. education was a family responsibility, every male child is given a pedagogues or a tutor for
good and responsible citizen
d. all of these
e. none of these
267) The modern Greek scholars who wandered from place to place and taught lesson for a free were
known as ____.
a. Kitharist d. Philosophers
b. Sophists e. Solon
c. Grammatists
268) Which of the following does not belong to Ancient Athenian schools?
a. palaestra – gymnastic school
b. paedotribe – teacher of gymnasts
c. music school, kitharist – music teacher, grammar school, grammatists – teacher of letters
d. all of these
e. none of these
269) Greek’s Homeric ideal was the Man of Action typified by _____.
a. Achilles d. Zeus
b. Odysseus e. Hercules
c. Pericles
270) Plato proposed that the society should be divided into classes of people based on their talents
and intelligence. Who should be the guardians or rulers of the society?
a. Philosophical class
b. Warrior class
c. Artesian or Industrial class
d. mathematics, science class
e. god and goddesses
271) The school established by Plato was known as ______.
a. Lyceum
b. University of Alexandria
c. Academy
d. University of Athens
e. University of Sparta
272) Greek university of Alexandria had excellent products like Euclid in the field of geometry, in the
filed of physics they produced.
a. Archimedes d. Herodutos
b. Erasthosthenes e. Cicero
c. Demonsthenes
273) Which of the following is not a contribution by the Romans?

a. Latin Language
b. The Laws of the Twelve Tables
c. The Roman Senate
d. Christianity
e. None of these
274) Music, arts, painting, sculpture and others are often by modern societies as ____.
a. social science d. fine arts
b. humanities e. veritas
c. behavioral science
275) The difference between the ancient Greek Athenians and Spartans was the fact that ____.
a. Athenians emphasized physical and military warfare, while the Spartans focused more on
music, arts, philosophy and poetry.
b. Athenians emphasized music, arts, and philosophy while Spartans were on physical
fitness, discipline and military warfare.
c. Athenians emphasized freedom, while Spartans were totalitarian, socialistic in nature.
d. B & C answers
e. None of these
276) Roman education focused more attention on:

a. Practical education, emphasizing the study of orator, rhetoric, laws, government
b. Respect for parents, military training using the biography methods
c. Christianity
d. All of these
e. None of these
277) Which of the following is not a Roman school?
a. Elementary-school of the literature or Ludi Magister
b. Secondary-school of the Grammaticus or Literatus
c. Higher education or rhetoric schools
d. All of these
e. None of these
278) The Roman father’s right over his children was known as:
a. patria protestas d. dominica
b. manus e. familias reglas
c. potestas dominica
279) The greatest Roman orator who rose to power.

a. Quintilian d. Augustus Caesar
b. Seneca e. Julius Caesar
c. Cicero
280) Christianity became official religion of the Roman empire by successive decree issued by the
Emperor.
a. Nero d. Julius Caesar
b. Constantine e. Pompeii
c. Augustus Caesar
281) “For many are called but few are chosen: is the Christ’s teaching method called ____.
a. Parable method
b. Proverbial or gnomic method
c. Conversional method
d. Dialectic method
e. Divine method
282) A school called _ provided early Christian education for few converts.
a. Catechumenal d. Episcopal
b. Catechetical e. cosmopolitan
c. Cathedral
283) Which of the following describes medieval period, middle age or Dark Age?
a. Refers to the span of time from the downfall of the Roman Empire in the year A. D. 476 to
the beginning of the Renaissance period about 1333.
b. Religious education was strict, rigid and punishment was severe.
c. Religious education included logic, philosophy and brings reason to faith.
d. All of these
e. None of these
284) Which of the following describes monasticism?

a. organization characterized by strict observance of the rules of poverty, chastity and
obedience.
b. Monks spent their lives in working, studying and praying.
c. Manual labor was emphasized as indolence was termed the enemy of the soul.
d. All of these
e. None of these.
285) Monastic rules were formulated by ____.

a. St. Augustine d. St. Thomas Aquinas
b. St. Benedict e. St. John
c. St. Peter
286) The Seven Liberal Arts as literary heritage of monasticism exclude ____.
a. Plato’s trivium of grammar, rhetoric, and dialectic
b. Quadrivium of arithmetic, geometry music and astronomy
c. Ecclesiastical control in the study of Seven Liberal Arts
d. All of these
e. None of these
287) Which of the following describes Scholasticism?

a. education was an intellectual discipline
b. the purpose of the movement was to bring reason to faith and support theology by using
logic
c. truths scholastic claimed possessed formal value as much of their activities consisted
merely of endless and profitless discussion about words and terms.
d. All of these
e. None of these
288) The foremost proponent of scholastic movement who wrote the Summa Theological that became
the basis of the majority of the doctrines of the Catholic Church was ____.
a. St. Anselm d. St. Paul
b. St. Thomas Aquinas e. St. Augustine
c. St. Benedict
289) Which of the following does not describe Chivalry

a. education was a social discipline where a boy of noble birth had to pass the stages of
page, squire, and knighthood.
b. education was limited to warfare and religion
c. education was for intellectual discipline through sciences and mathematics
d. education was for the development of well-rounded personality
290) The Guild-System was established for the purpose of ____.

a. protecting the interests of middle class such as skilled craftsman, businessmen
b. serving the royal families
c. establishing churches
d. attacking the moors as religious enemies through the “Crusades”
e. none of these
291) Under the Guild System, the school, which served as a vocational school for the craft guild or
skilled workers, was known as _____.
a. chanty school d. merchant school
b. guild school e. nonformal school
c. burgher school
292) Six hundred years after birth of Christ a new religion, founded by Mohammed took root in Arabia.
These Arabs who were also known as Saracens among the moors of Spain established a
religion known as _____.
a. Islam based on the Quran or Koran Holy Scripture
b. Buddhism based on Gantama Buddha’s teaching
c. Confucianism based on Confucius Analects
d. Hinduism based on Vedas Scripture
e. None of these
293) Renaissance was characterized by as a ____.

a. revival of ancient learning brought about the discovery of the “New World”
b. fascinating stories of Marco Polo about the wealth and technology of the East, that is
China under Kublai Khan
c. the invention of the printing press and other events
d. all of these
e. none of these
294) A movement, which is the result of the alleged abuses of Catholic Church led by Martin Luther,
was known as ____.
a. Revolution d. Transfiguration
b. Reformation e. Contradiction
c. Transformation
295) Catholics’ response to demands for change and liberalization of the Church practices leading to
the establishment of Jesuits orders and La Salle was known as ____.
a. Counter – Reformation
b. Social Transformation
c. Religious Exaltation
d. Institutional Development
e. Social Reform
296) The content of education during the reformation includes the ____.
a. study of bible and all the skills required to understand it
b. a continuation of humanistic subjects such as history, mathematic subjects, such as
history, natural science
c. use of the vernacular instead of Latin ion the Church
d. all of these
e. none of these
297) Scholasticism is a philosophy which states that ___.

a. school is the only source of learning
b. man is rational who has to use reason to support his religious beliefs
c. man is both physical, spiritual and rational in nature
d. B&C
e. None of these
298) The aim of Scholastic education is to discipline man’s _____.

a. physical body
b. spirit or school
c. intellect or mind
d. emotion s, attitudes, values
e. society
299) As an offshoot of the influence of Scholasticism, present education, especially in Catholic
seminars, must include the following subjects in the curricula:
a. science, experimentation
b. religion, logic, ethics, philosophy
c. social studies and sciences
d. vocational-technical courses
e. community service
300) The present military training for our schools came from ___.
a. Athens c. Sparta
b. Greece c. Rome
301) Life among primitive or tribal people was very simple. Their organization was tribal not political,
which is, their ___ is usually the oldest or the wisest among members of the clan.
a. head c. preacher
b. teacher d. warrior
302) During the primitive education, there was no reading or writing, however, information was
transmitted through ___.
a. word of mouth c. ceremonial rites
b. songs d. all of the above
303) Among the aims of Sumerian education was to train the learners to be good and to do good
things especially to their god and to humanity called ___.
a. Ra or Amon Ra c. namlulu
b. Osiris d. Seth
304) The outstanding contribution to education by the Sumerian period is:

a. cuneiform writing
b. started the rudiments of education from which evolved the modern educational systems
c. geometrical measurement and surveying
d. decimal system of arithmetical notation
305) Egypt, the gift of Nile, is situated in the in the northern part of the African continent. Ancient Egypt
was a desert country watered only by the Nile River, which flooded the country from August to
October, leaving behind a very rich black earth. The river flows into the Mediterranean Sea. The
government of Egypt was autocratic, ruled by a king called ___.
a. Pharoah ` c. Kshatriyas
b. Pariahs d. Brahmas
306) The Egyptians were polytheistic. They worshipped the sun god, ____.
a. namlulu c. ra or amon ra
b. ummia d. kitharist
307) During the early Egyptian education, they used the hieroglyphics form of writing. The Greek
words “hieros”
a. aware c. sacred
b. villain d. hero
308) During the early Egyptian education, they used the hieroglyphics form of writing. The Greek
words “glypho”
a. to carve c. to read
b. to write d. to see
309) The outstanding contribution to education of the early Egyptian period is:
a. cuneiform writing
b. started the rudiments of education from which evolved the modern educational systems
c. geometrical measurement and surveying
310) Vedas are composed of collection of ancient religious wisdom. “Rig Veda” means:
a. Veda of Sacred Formulas
b. Veda of Charms
c. Veda of Psalms and Verses
d. Hindu scientific and philosophical knowledge
311) Vedas are composed of collection of ancient religious wisdom. “ Yajur Veda” means:
a. Veda of Sacred Formulas
b. Veda of Charms
c. Veda of Psalm and Verses
312) Vedas are composed of collection of ancient religious wisdom. “ Sama Veda” means:
a. Veda of psalms and verses
b. Veda of Charms
c. Veda of Chants
313) Vedas are composed of collection of ancient religious wisdom. “ Atharva Veda” means
a. compilation of ethics, customs and traditions
b. Hindu scientific and philosophical knowledge
c. veda of psalms and verses
d. Veda of Charms
314) Vedas are composed of collection of ancient religious wisdom. “The Angas” means:
a. compilation of ethics, customs and traditions
b. Hindu scientific and philosophical knowledge
c. veda of psalms and verses
d. Veda of Charms
315) Vedas are composed of collection of ancient religious wisdom. “The Code of Manu” means:
a. Veda of psalms and verses
b. Veda of Charms
c. compilation of ethics, customs and traditions
316) The outstanding contribution to education of the early Hindu period is:
a. administration of civil service examination
b. free development of all human capacities
c. use of the vernacular as a tool of teaching
317) The basic of philosophy of early Chinese education was based on the writings of ____ and other
Chinese philosophers.
a. Plato d. Mao Tse Tung
b. Aristotle e. Confucius
c. Socrates
318) A philosophical school established by Socrates where the inductive method was mainly used is
known as:
a. School of Philosophy
b. School of the Lyceum
c. School of Academy
d. Epicurean School
319) A philosophical school formed by the fusion of the Socrates School of Philosophy and the
Isocratic School of Rhetorics is known as:
a. Epicurean School
b. School of the Academy
c. University of Athens
d. School of the Lyceum
320) A philosophical school established by Plato is known as:

a. University of Athens
b. School of Philosophy
c. School of Lyceum
d. School of the Academy
321) A philosophical school established by Aristotle is known as:

a. School of the Academy
b. School of the Lyceum
c. University of Athens
d. Epicurean School
322) The two camps were reconciled by ____ when he wrote in his Summa Theologiae, the universal
is implanted in the object and the universal is comprehended by the mind of man after the object.
a. Thomas Aquinas c. Abelard
b. Anselm d. Romulus Augustus
323) The Islam religion was founded by:

a. Gau Tamma c. Mohammed
b. Muhammad d. Muslim
324) The word Islam is the infinitive of the Arabic verb aslama which means:
a. to praise c. to surrender
b. to believe d. to worship
325) The following are some of the outstanding contribution of Muslim education to the present
educational system.
a. provided the foundation of modern academic freedom
b. algebra and trigonometry in the field of mathematics
c. replacing the roman numerals with figures borrowed from the Hindus
d. using the laboratory and experimental method in the teaching of science
326) The following are outstanding contribution of American education except one:
a. progressivism
b. graduate school
c. democratic education
d. close coordination between theory and practice
327) The Greek’s legacy to the world is democracy. As a teacher, how can you show your being
democratic?
a. consider your students as capable of independence learning
b. give the students freedom to express ideas in any way
c. treat everyone fairly in terms of learning opportunities
d. reward the good students and punish the misbehaving ones
328) To occupy a government position, one had to pas s an examination on Confucian thought. From
whom did this influence come?
a. Hebrews c. Chinese
b. Hindus d. Greeks
329) Greek’s Iliad and Odyssey were the famous mythology written by:
a. Achilles c. Homer
b. Plato d. Herodotus
330) The most famous sophist who said that “man is the measure of all things” was:
a. Plato c. Socrates
b. Protagoras d. Seneca
331) The root of the present system of formal education can be traced to the ancient times. Which of
the ancient education accounts started formal education?
a. Ancient Greek education
b. Ancient Oriental education
c. Ancient Roman education
d. Early Christian education
332) Vocational education responds to the need of middle level manpower and skilled labor in any
society. Which of these countries already practiced the type of education, which is the
forerunner of vocational education today?
a. Greece c. India
b. Egypt d. China
333) Which of these can best describe the essence of ancient education in India?
a. use of reason c. social stratification
b. education for ethical life d. love of nature
334) Which of these ancient Oriental philosophies stressed harmony with nature?
a. Taoism c. Hinduism
b. Buddhism d. Jainism
335) The type of education was more of an intellectual discipline. The purpose of this movement was
to bring reason to faith and support theology by using logic.
a. Scholasticism c. Monasticism
b. Buddhism d. Hinduism
336) It is the belief of the Jewish people that the Torah, the Law, was handed down to Moses from
Yahweh, the Almighty God. What did this imply before in their ancient education?
a. religious discipline
b. liberation from sin
c. Religious conformity
d. d. education as an apostolate
337) The application of scientific knowledge to affair of daily life was the dominant theme of their early
education. Which people are referred here?
a. Egyptians c. Greeks
b. Romans d. Arabs/Saracens
338) Which of these modern educators advocated a child centered education exemplified in his work
Emile?
a. Herbart Spencer
b. John Locke
c. Jean Jacques Rousseau
d. John Amos Comenius
339) Which of these modern educators criticized traditional education describing it as the “pedagogy of
the oppressed”?
a. Pedro Poveda
b. Maria Montessori
c. Paolo Freire
d. John Henry Newman
340) Which of these religious orders who were still and still are active in education, which adheres to
the motto “To the greater glory of God.”
a. Jesuits c. Dominicans
b. Franciscans d. Benedictines
341) The present military training in our school curriculum is an influence of –

a. Greece c. Athens
b. Sparta d. Rome
342) Which of the following abilities is stressed by humanistic education?

a. Enjoy the great works of man such as the classics
b. Learn the different philosophies in education
c. Make man distinctly civilized, educated and refined
d. Develop man into a thinking individual
343) The Athenian ideal of education is to form a cultural in a graceful and symmetrical body. How can
this be achieved?
a. by giving more focus on health education
b. by adapting the philosophy “know thyself”
c. by improving emphasis on physical education
d. by a well-balanced development of mind, body and soul
344) Basic education includes secondary education. Which of the following contributed to the
establishment of secondary schools?
a. Humanistic education c. Rationalism
b. c. Reformation d. Realistic
345) Tutoring of learners is now practiced in our school provided it is not done by their own teacher but
by an outsider. Which of these Western philosophies influenced this practiced?
a. Egyptian c. Greek
b. Roman d. Athenian
346) They were practical people who successfully managed their everyday affairs. Their education
was utilitarian and emphasized the practical application of learned theories. They developed
the virtues essential to the exercise of their rights and the discharge of their duties and
obligations. They were:
a. Romans c. Spartans
b. Jewish d. Egyptians
347) This type of ancient education was characterized by creative activity and logical thinking. It gave
us culture and enlightenment. They also became the first greatest sportsmen. This type of
ancient education is known as:
a. Spartan c. Athenian
b. Greek d. Roman
348) This 2,200-year-old tomb of Qin Shihuang shows much of China emperor extreme security.
a. Terra Cotta c. Tiannamen Square
b. Great Wall d. Bhudda Temple
349) Which of the following could be an off shoot of Confucius “Golden Rule” Do unto others, as what
you wan others do unto to you”?
a. love begets love, hate begets violence
b. love and hate can go together
c. love your enemies
d. love conquers all
e. none of these
350) Following Socrates’ philosophy of Idealism, teachers emphasize the teaching of:
a. Science and Technologyd. Vocational Education
b. Social Science e. None of these
c. Moral, Spiritual, Values Education
351) Aristotle’s philosophy on Realism calls for the emphasis of teaching:

a. Character, ethical, logical education
b. Science/Nature study
c. Mathematics
d. Vocational education
e. None of these
352) Modern education always offers general courses like Math, languages, music, arts, painting and
others. This would be influenced made by the:
a. Primitive people d. Hindus
b. Chinese e. Muslims
c. Greeks/Romans
353) Which of the following is Spaniards greatest contribution to Philippine education?

a. Establishment of sectarian colleges and universities
b. Propagation of Spanish language
c. Introduction of Christian religion in Philippine schools
d. A and C
e. None of these
354) The early Roman education aimed at the development of vir bonus, which meant:
a. the good citizen, the good soldier, the good worker
b. the man possessing all virtues essential for the exercise of his rights and the discharge of
his duties and obligations
c. the good soldier, but, not the good worker
d. both a and b
355) Egyptian education was highly practical and empirical. Why?

a. It involved the study of subjects that could be applied in their daily life.
b. It provided the modern world with basic foundations of education and other subjects.
c. It was a venue for military training.
d. It emphasized total submission to the state.
356) Which of the following characterizes Chinese education?

a. Participation of the young rituals and ceremonies and in incidental apprenticeship to the
activities of the family and tribe.
b. Aimed at selecting and training people for public service
c. It was a venue for military training.
d. It aimed at preparing men to know God and to live peacefully among their fellows.
357) The Athenian system of education would have closer resemblance to the present–day education
than Spartan education. Why?
a. Athenian education mainly prepared the learners for war, while the Spartan education
aimed at full rounded development.
b. Spartan education mainly prepared the learners for war, while the Athenian education
aimed at full rounded development.
c. Athenian education did not impose any form of discipline, while Spartan education
imposed discipline that was cruel and very harsh.
d. Both Athenian and Spartan education emphasized physical training to the neglect of
intellectual training.
358) Which of the following practices characterizes humanism as an educational development?

a. Interest in human nature and revival of the classics
b. Submissiveness to the demands imposed by church authorities
c. Printing of books and salvation of the souls
d. Back–to–basics and revival of the arts
359) With few available books, the monastic schools resorted to:
a. the use of Latin as the medium of instruction
b. recitation and memorization
c. dictation, memorization and Socratic method
d. dictation, memorization, but, not Socratic method
360) Both Cicero and Quintilian believed in the development of the ideal person, the orator. In which
aspect did their ideas differ?
a. Cicero believed in the development of the ability to speak and persuade people, while
Quintilian believed otherwise.
b. Cicero believed that the orator should have wide experience to be able to convince people,
while, such wide experience was not necessary according to Quintilian.
c. To Cicero, what was important was to be able to persuade people through speech, while
Quintilian; a good orator must also be a man of integrity.
d. Both believed in memory and moralizing.
361) The Athenian ideal of education is to develop a cultural soul in a graceful and symmetrical body.
How can this be achieved?
a. By giving more emphasis on health education
b. By providing more situations for the development of values
c. Give more focus to physical education
d. Have a well–balanced development of mind, body and soul
362) Which one is contrary to the truth about the early Filipinos education?
a. Every activity was aimed for survival and for security reasons.
b. Every home is a virtual school.
c. Every individual progressed beyond the mentor’s ability and skill.
d. Every parent was a teacher.
363) Which of the following educational practices was not included in Da Feltre’s educational
contributions?
a. Adapting the work of the individual to his needs and capacities
b. A balance between mental and physical activity
c. Use of punishment as a motive for learning
d. Inclusion of play in the curriculum and developing the power to think
364) Which of the following is the greatest contribution of the Americans to the Philippine education
system?
a. democratic teachers
b. English language
c. Public schools
d. study of the 3Rs
365) Which of the following is considered as the greatest contribution of the Spaniards to our country in
terms of education along the aspect of moral development?
a. Mass education
b. Social distinction
c. Spread of Christianity
d. Use of Spanish language
366) John Dewey’s emphasis in education was on the development of an individual capable of
reflective thinking, which connotes:
a. being able to solve the problems he faces individually and in group
b. developing the capacities of the child through a continual interaction with his environment
c. that learning takes place when the child is ready for it
d. education involves the use of memory, imagination, perception and motor dexterity
367) Which of the following contributions of the realists to educational methods would you consider a
scientific?
a. Everything must be learned first in the mother tongue.
b. Words must not be repeated.
c. Learning starts from senses.
d. There was to be homework.
368) Which would be given least emphasis as a result of the influence of nationalism in education?
a. creation of a common language
b. the teaching of history and geography
c. music as an essential part of the curricula
d. education for intellectual aristocracy
369) Rousseau’s principle of individualization points out that:

a. The child is allowed to grow naturally.
b. Nothing was to be done for the pupil if he could do it himself
c. Each child was to develop according to his own nature.
d. Nothing and allow nothing to be done.
370) Which of the following summarizes John Locke’s “tabula rasa” theory?
a. Education consists of training the mind by imposing appropriate discipline.
b. Training the mind and the body
c. The child’s mind can be enriched through experience, which necessarily employs
perception through the senses.
d. The child’s mind, upon birth, is like a blank sheet, which grows larger as a child gets older.
371) Scholasticism tried to rationalize the doctrine of the Church. Which of the following is not in
accordance with this movement?
a. It attempted to give supporting authority to the intellect.
b. It tried to justify faith by reason and logic.
c. It limited itself to scientific and empirical activities.
d. It aimed to substantiate theology by logic.
372) Herbart’s principle of apperception postulated that:

a. Learning new knowledge can be facilitated by recalling related old or previous learning.
b. In learning, focus should be on a single idea, converted to the other ideas and then
mastered.
c. Knowledge an only be had with genuine interest.
d. All of the above.
373) The law of karma, what do you sow, you reap, are words often said when Filipinos attempt to
explain a misfortune perceived to be rightly deserved by someone. This originated from the –
a. Hebrews c. Greeks
b. Hindus d. Chinese
374) What methods of teaching were used in both disciplinism and rationalism?
a. sense-based
b. observation and experimentation
c. memorization and imitation
d. meditation and contemplation
e. exposition and exhortation
375) The following are the outstanding contribution of sense realism to our present educational system
except one:
a. the emphasis on science in the curriculum
b. use of vernacular in teaching
c. the teaching of science by the laboratory method
d. formal discipline as an educational process
376) It is one of the types of education in the formal discipline where it is primarily for the development
of wise conduct, good breeding, and the control of desires by reason. This type of education is
known as:
a. physical education
b. physical education
c. intellectual education
d. aristocracy of intelligence
377) One of the types of education in formal discipline that develops the mental power to acquire
knowledge, not to increase knowledge by itself.
a. moral education
b. intellectual education
c. physical education
d. liberal education
378) All except one are John Locke’s three steps in learning.
a. sense learning, memorization, reasoning
b. reasoning, sense learning, memorization
c. memorization, reasoning, sense learning
d. sense learning, reasoning, memorization
379) It is a philosophical doctrine, which advocated that reason can be a source of knowledge and that
truth can best be established by a process of deduction from a priori principle independent of
experience.
a. humanism c. rationalism
b. disciplinism d. realism
380) All except one are aims of rationalism.

- intellectual freedom
- living a life guided by reason
- aristocracy of intelligence
- good habit formation
381) The following are agencies of education during the rationalism period except one:
- secondary and higher schools
- cathedral schools
- encyclopedia
- fashionable salons
382) The rationalists believed that mental processes were the impression made by objects upon the
mind through the senses. So they taught by the inductive method. This method instruction
during this period is known as:
a. inductive method c. deductive method
b. science-based d. application of reason
383) The rationalist always applied the test of reason to every phase of activity or life and rejected
those that did not meet the test. This method instruction during this period is known as:
a. inductive method c. deductive method
b. science-based d. application of reason
384) The following are the outstanding contribution of rationalism to our present educational system is:
- the emphasis on science in the curriculum
- use of vernacular in teaching
- training of creative thinking and reasoning
- none of the above
385) According to Rousseau, “man by nature is good and virtuous. He wanted that the goodness and
virtue in man be developed unhampered by the artificialities of the type of society current
during his time.” This aim of naturalism is known as:
- creation of new society
- preservation of individual freedom
- preservation of natural goodness and virtue
- all of the above
386) According to Rousseau, “there should be simplicity, liberty, equality, and fraternity for all, a society
in which the individual could attain his fullest fulfillment as a natural man.” This aim of
naturalism is known as:
a. creation of new society
b. preservation of individual freedom
c. preservation of natural goodness and virtue
d. all of the above
387) According to Rousseau, “individual should be liberated from the impositions of the state, the
Church, and the aristocratic society.” This aim of naturalism is known as:
a. creation of new society
b. preservation of individual freedom
c. preservation of natural goodness and virtue
d. all of the above
388) “The development of all the endowments of a child. He opposed to specialization because,
according to him, this would make some men dependent upon other men.” This is one of the
many types of education that Rousseau pushes which is known as:
- democratic and universal education
- intellectual education
- moral education
- general education
389) Rousseau wanted to educate the child morally the natural way, that is, the child should not be
punished by other people for his untoward acts but by the results of his acts.” This type of
naturalism education is known as:
- democratic and universal education
- intellectual education
- moral education
- general education
390) Rousseau said that education is a natural right of all freemen and since all children are free and
equal, they should receive the same kind or type of education. The rich and the poor should
be educated together in the same way. This type of naturalism education is known as:
a. religious education
b. general education
d. democratic and universal education
391) Rousseau did not approve the use of textbooks in intellectual learning. The learner had to learn
through the use of senses. This type of naturalism education is known as:
a. religious education
b. general education
d. democratic and universal education
392) The following are three modern principles of teaching as established by Rousseau except one:
- principle of growth
- principle of pupil activity
- principle of individualization
- principle of discipline
393) Rousseau divided stages of growth of the child. He said, “the child is still capable of right
reasoning and hence, his feelings are dominant in determining his actions.” This stage of
growth is in the:
a. infancy c. childhood
b. boyhood d. adolescence
394) The following are disadvantages of naturalism as advocated by Rousseau if it is used today
except one:
a. the use of textbooks
b. not suitable for big classes
c. tutorial system is expensive
d. order of nature
395) He was a member of the Catholic clergy and professor of philosophy at he University of
Wittenburg, nailed his ninety-five theses at the door of his church at Wittenburg in 1517 airing
his criticisms against the Catholic Church. He was:
a. Mohammad c. Martin Luther
b. Jesuits d. Ricky Martin
396) He was known as the greatest scholar among the German school organizers, conducted a school
survey in Germany, probably the first school survey in the world, and came out with the so-
called Saxony plan.
a. Sturm c. Melanchthon
b. Martin Luther d. Copernicus
397) This verbal realist advocated the study of the vernacular as a national language and Latin as a
universal language. According to him, the study of language should be based on usage. He is:
a. Juan Luis Vives c. Francois Rabelais
b. John Milton d. Copernicus
398) This verbal realist proposed a very comprehensive curriculum composed of a wide range of
physical exercises, sports and games, the Bible and religious exercises, instrumental music,
intellectual readings form ancient literature in science, history, mathematics, and astronomy
and literature in Latin, Greek, Hebrew, Chaldaic, and Arabic languages. He is:
399) This verbal realist advocated the study of ancient learning and classics in Latin, Greek, Hebrew,
Chaldaic, Syrian and Italian; natural science, social science, philosophy, morality, religion and
physical education for the military. He is:
400) The only way to solve the problem of disagreements and speculations regarding “obtuse
questions,” is to inquire seriously into the nature of human understanding and shows from an
exact analysis of its powers and capacity that is by no means fitted such remote and obtuse
subjects. This philosophy is postulated by –
- David Hume
- Jean Jacques Rousseau
- Baruch Spinoza
- Gottfried Wilheim von Leinbniz
401) His brilliant philosophical treatises among which the most renowned in his Levithian, a book on
social and political philosophy. He was deeply impressed by the precision of science and
above all by the certainty of scientific knowledge. He was –
a. Rene Descartes c. Thomas Hobbes
b. John Locke d. Francis Bacon
402) “Turned to description of the joys and sorrows for natural man, expressing deep dimension of
feeling as opposed to the brittle logic of doctrine.” This theory of knowledge was postulated by
–
- Boccacio c. Montaigne
- Petrarch d. Machiavelli
403) His central criticism was that learning has stagnant. He learned three distempers of learning :
fantastical learning – man’s concern themselves with words, emphasizing text, languages and
style; contentious learning – it begins with fixed positions or points of view taken by earlier
thinker, and these views are used as the starting points in contentious argumentations; and
delicate learning – wherein earlier authors who claimed more knowledge that can be proved,
are accepted by readers as knowing as much as they claim, and this account for as the
dictator of science. This theory of knowledge was postulated by –
a. Thomas Hobbes
b. Jean Jacques Rousseau
c Gottfried Wilheim von Leinbniz
d. Francis Bacon
404) It is a body of doctrine with reference to some political and cultural plan together with the devices
for putting it into operation
a. nationalism c. ideology
b. patriotism d. communism
405) This term applies to the position that education should be concerned with the actualities of life.
a. naturalism c. realism
b. idealism d. existentialism
406) It is an autocratic educational movement where it held education should equip the student for a
happy and successful life as a man of the world. It stressed modern languages, travel, and
study of contemporary institutions.
a. verbal realism c. social realism
b. educational realism d. sense realism
407) It is the science that seeks to organize and systematize all fields of knowledge as means of
understanding and interpreting the totality of reality.
a. psychology c. philosophy
b. anthropology d. sociology
408) It refers to the attempt to give a reasoned conception of the universe and man’s place in it.
409) It refers to a worldview or a reasoned conception of the whole cosmos, and a life-view or doctrine
of values, meanings and purposes of human life.
410) It is a search for a comprehensive view of nature, an attempt at a universal explanation of the
nature of things.
411) It is a systematic and logical explanation of the nature, existence, purposes and relationship of
things, including human beings, in the universe.
412) This deals with the first principles, the origin and essence of things, the causes and end of things.
a. metaphysics b. epistemology
c. axiology d. ethics
413) This deals with knowledge and with ways of knowing.

414) This deals with purposes and values. This also includes the idea of what is right and what is
wrong, good and evil, aesthetics, which deals with beauty and ugliness.
415) It is theory concerned with the careful study of the child; a child-centered point of view.
a. humanism b. rationalism
c. disciplinism d. developmentalism
416) It is a doctrine that advocated the disciplinary theory of education, which claimed that the mind of
the child at birth is a tabula rasa or blank tablet.
c. disciplinism d. realism
417) It is theory that the way of life concerned with the fullest realization of the human life.
418) It is a philosophy of education that proclaimed the spiritual nature of man.

a. idealism b. spiritualism
c. realism d. existentialism
419) This refers the branch of philosophy concerned with the systematic treatment of the relationship
of ideas.
a. idealism b. essentialism
c. realism d. logic
420) It is educational theory based on a doctrine that opposed that was artificial.
a. realism b. naturalism
c. rationalism d. developmentalism
421) It is a philosophy of life concerned with the education that emphasized the realities of life.
a. realism b. naturalism
c. rationalism d. developmentalism
422) It is a body of doctrine with reference to some political and cultural plan together with the devices
for putting it into operation
a. nationalism b. ideology
c. patriotism d. communism
423) It is a philosophical doctrine, which advocated that reason can be a source of knowledge and that
truth can best be established by a process of deduction from a priori principle independent of
experience.
424) It consists of transcendent universals, forms, or ideals, which are the objects of true knowledge. It
also involves the belief that there exists, ulterior to all finite existence, an order of form which
are real, eternal, self-explanatory, self-moving, intelligible, and purposeful, on which all finite
beings and activities human knowledge and morality, are dependent both for their existence
and for their meaning.
a. naturalism b. realism
c. pragmatism d. idealism
425) This view that the whole of reality is nature. There is no area, knowledge, or experience to which
the methods of dealing with nature may be extended. This philosophy subordinates mind to
matter and holds that ultimate reality is material.
a. existentialism b. essentialism
c. naturalism d. progressivism
426) It is a tendency, movement, or more or less definite system of thought in which stress is placed
upon practical consequences and values as standards for explicating philosophic concepts,
and as tests for determinating their value and truth.
a. pragmatism b. humanism
c. realism d. naturalism
427) It is a kind of pragmatism, which stresses thought as an instrument and its function as adapting
the human organism to its environment.
a. functionalism b. instrumentalism
c. humanism d. realism
428) This educational philosophy has a dual purpose: to educate the individual for his life here on earth
and to prepare him for his life beyond. It is considered as the ultimate aim of education in
Christian perfection in t his life as prerequisite to the life beyond.
a. naturalism b. supernaturalism
c. humanism d. pragmatism
429) This philosophy of education places spiritual things over and above worldly things. Man is both
matter and spirit and his spiritual will must prevail over his materials and wordily desires for him
to avoid sinning and for him to attain spiritual perfection.
a. naturalism b. supernaturalism c. humanism d.
pragmatism
430) This refers to as the doctrine where an indispensable common core of culture knowledge, skills,
attitudes, ideals, etc. can be identified. The core should be taught systematically to the
learners who should maintain a rigorous standard of achievement.
431) This theory holds that universals are independent of antecedent to, and more real than the
specific individual instances in which t hey are manifested. This theory is very similar to, if
exactly the same as Platonic idealism.
432) This philosophy of education is dominated by the technological experimental advancement which
have so powerfully shaped our modern culture; it is concerned with recognizing change and
adjusting thorough the use of the scientific method; it concentrates on present problems rather
than on the application of a priori principles to the solution of present problems.
433) Another feature of this philosophy of education is that it considers the child as the center of the
education process. The aims of education are formulated in accordance with interest and well
being of the child. The curriculum is constructed to suit the intellectual capacities and other
characteristics of the child.
434) Another feature of this philosophy of education is that it emphasizes learning by doing. The child
must participate in all learning activities.
435) This philosophy of education puts emphasis on uniqueness of the individual. Man functions,
grows, develops, makes choices, suffers, experiences intense feelings, and faces God as an
individual.
a. essentialism b. existentialism
c. progressivism d. realism
436) Education is the process of developing awareness about the freedom of choice and the meaning
and responsibility for one’s choice. This is philosophy of education is known as:
a. essentialism b. existentialism c. progressivism d. idealism
437) It is believe that schools should originate policies and progress, which would bring about reform of
the social order, and teachers, should use their power to lead the young in the program of
social reform. They agree that educational philosophies are culturally based and grow out of a
specific cultural pattern conditioned by living at a given time in particular place. This is
philosophy of education is known as:
a. essentialism b. philosophical analysis
c. reconstructionism d. progressivism
438) This philosophy of education left a legacy characterized by: “Emphasis on the child as the
learner, rather on the subject matter;” “Stress on activities and experiences, rather than on
textbook reliance and memorization;” and “Absence of fear and punishment for disciplinary
purposes.” . This is philosophy of education is known as:
a. essentialism b. philosophical analysis
c. reconstructionism d. progressivism
439) It is a philosophy of education that proclaims the spiritual nature of men and the universe. Its
basic viewpoint stresses the human spirit, soul or mind as the most important element in life. It
holds that the good, true and beautiful are permanently part of their structure of a related,
coherent, orderly and unchanging universe. This is philosophy of education is known as:
a. idealism b. essentialism
c. existentialism d. progressivism
440) This refers to the universal elements of man that are unchanging regardless of time, place and
circumstances. It us these universals that make up the elements in the education of man.
Education implies teaching, teaching implies knowledge, knowledge is truth and truth is the
same everywhere. This is philosophy of education is known as:
a. idealism b. realism
c. progressivism d. reconstructionism
441) This philosophy of education believes that each child follows a logical pattern of growth
development and that education must be attuned to these natural patterns. This is
philosophy of education is known as:
a. Naturalism b. realism
c. pragmatism d. existentialism
442) Possession of a philosophy of education makes an educator –

1. a mechanical follower of routine
2. an easy victim of “educational fad”
3. an intelligent member of the profession
4. an expert in selecting subject matter
443) Education has been derived from the Latin word “educate” which means to –
a. guide and direct
b. discipline and control
c. nourish, bring up, to train
d. reflect and meditate
444) Philosophy of education refers to –
1. reflective points of view on education
2. goals and objectives of education
3. mission statement of education
4. update education
445) Idealism when applied to education emphasizes that –

a. material aspect of life
b. spiritual nature of nature
c. scientific facts
d. objective reality
446) The philosophy of idealism as expounded by Plato, means that –

1. ideas, “forms” or universals come ahead of particular
2. things existing in man’s world
3. ideas are so real and enduring that objects of senses are reflecting or non-permanent as
compared to them
4. physical objects are only imperfect embodiment of ideas
5. all of these
447) Realism as a philosophy was expounded by Aristotle in manner –

1.nature of things whose existence needs not to be proven is the starting point for
philosophizing
2. material thing have their own nature, come into existence due to various causes
3. the first cause is known as the Prime Mover and who is himself unmoved
4. all of these
448) Which of the following is John Dewey’s pragmatic education philosophy?

1. education is life
2. education is growth and social process
3. education is continuous reconstruction of experience
4. all of these
449) Which of the following explain the maim ideas of Scholasticism?

i. man is both physical and spiritual being that is, with body and soul
ii. man is rational being who knows what is right or wrong
iii. when there is conflict between reason and faith, the latter should prevail
iv. all of these
450) Pragmatism could be best explained in this manner –

i. to determine the meaning of any idea, put into practice in the objective world of actualities
and whatever its consequences prove to be, these constitute the meaning of idea
ii. to determine the meaning of any idea, you to rely on your personal, subjective views
iii. to determine the meaning of any idea, you to rely on your personal, objective views
iv. none of these
451) Pragmatism, when applied to education, emphasizes the –
i. permanent truth
ii. that truth is man-made, that there is nothing permanent, everything changes
iii. future of society
iv. ultimate reality of anxieties and death
v. none of these
452) Pragmatism rely most on the –

a. introspection method c. deductive method
b. experimental method d. speculative method
453) Humanism holds that –

i. the aim of education is man’s perfection so that he can live a truly human life
ii. man is both matter and spirit and has to live by his reason and will
iii. man’s perfection is achieved through disciplining the material aspect of his lie for spiritual
supremacy
iv. all of these
454) Existentialism, as a philosophy states that –

i. reality is a matter of individual’s own making based on his free choices and decisions
ii. the world is fundamentally absurd without any purpose that life’s significance is only found
in what a person gives to his life
iii. man cannot escape the reality of anxieties and death
iv. all of these
455) Essentialism holds that the aim of education is –

i. mastery of science and technology
ii. adjustment of the child to his world by equipping with the basic knowledge, skills, attitudes,
ideals of cultures which are fixed and universal
iii. complete development of critical and creative mind
iv. pure spiritual and moral development
456) When applied to education, existentialism considers the –

i. importance of values and religious education
ii. uniqueness, freedom of choices and experience of man
iii. undesirable traits of man
iv. all of these
457) Of the following stage of human development theories that is a culminating stage?
i. Erikson’s conflict between initiative and guilt
ii. Freud anal stage
iii. Piaget’s formal operational stage
iv. Holophrastic speech
v. Kohlberg’s punishment-obedience morality
orientation
458) Which of the following describe a common philosophy of life among simple Filipinos?
i. to strive for more material progress at any cost
ii. to be proud of one’s success
iii. to maintain harmony with God and man
iv. to be completely humble and submissive to others
459) The belief that the aims of education should be arranged in the order of their contribution to
human survival is closely associated with which of the following?
i. the utilitarian of Spencer
ii. the naturalism of Rousseau
iii. the realism of Thomas Aquinas
iv. the pragmatism of Dewey
v. the humanism of Erasmus
460) Which of the philosophical position could plausibly be taken to support the practice of allowing
students to choose their own educational goals and experiences?
a. Positivism c. Essentialisme. Perenialism
b. Existentialism d. Realism
461) The teacher uses a variety of instructional materials with different groups of students and expects
students largely to direct their own learning. Students are encouraged to select their own
topics for learning, devise their own activities and group themselves according to their
interests. The teacher usually works with individual or small groups of students throughout the
school day.
According to the description of the educational values of the teacher appear to be most
reflective of which of the following:
a. Behaviorism b. Humanism
c. Structuralism d. Traditionalism
e. Positivism
462) The essence of education is reason and intuition. This implies that education should concentrate
on developing the rational faculty since man’s most distinctive characteristics is his ability to
reason. It follows that education should employ methods of mental discipline and the teacher
should be an authority of his subject matter. Which educational theory adheres to this
position?
a. Existentialism b. Perenialism
c. Essentialism d. Progressivism
463) The classroom viewed as a miniature society where pupils engage in problem-solving activities
reflective of the personal and social experiences of the children. The emphasis of the
classroom is on the acquisition of skills, which can help them solve own real-life problems.
Which educational theory is referred to here?
a. Progressivism b. Idealism
c. Existentialism d. Naturalism
464) The school should provide for group thinking in a democratic atmosphere that fosters cooperative
learning rather than competitive learning. Scientific methods of inquiry complement such
atmosphere in the student quest for shared experiences. Which theory advocates this view?
a. Progressivism b. Essentialism
c. Existentialism d. Perenialism
465) Growth, though the reconstruction experience, is the nature, and should be open-ended goal of
education. Education should lead to more education; initial educative experience should
contribute to succeeding more effective experience. The character of learning, as implied here
episodic. Which philosophy advocates this goal of education?
a. Idealism b. Pragmatism
c. Existentialism d. Realism
466) When teacher view the learner as a unique, free choosing, and responsible individual made of
intellect and emotion, the former would setup situations in the classroom where the learner can
develop these aspects of his individuality. What theory underlies this nature of the learner?
a. Idealism b. Essentialism
c. Realism d. Existentialism
467) The philosophy believes that ideas are innate to the individual. Hence, the true essence of the
Socratic dialogue (questioning method) is analogous to midwifery -to-wring ideas from the
learner. Which school of thought underlies this belief?
a. Realism b. Idealism
c. Language Analysis d. Naturalism
468) It’s proponents advocate devising paradigms in the educative process like Kenneth B.
Henderson’s model in teaching of concepts. In the use oft his model, the context of this
concept must be taken fully into account because it may otherwise change the meaning of the
name given the concept. The model also distinguishes “denotative” from “connotative”
concepts. Which theory recommends this method of education?
a. Language Analysis b. Existentialism
c. Essentialism d. Idealism
469) The curriculum should concentrate on the basis such as reading, writing, and arithmetic in the
elementary, and expansion and continuation of the basics, to include humanities in the
secondary level. Which theory recommends this type of curriculum?
a. Perennialism b. Essentialism
c. Existentialism d. Reconstructionism
470) Teacher should constantly examine and reexamine their strategies and techniques in the
classroom. Empirical researchers should be done on the effectiveness of teaching and
teachers. Which theory prescribes this view?
a. Existentialism b. Idealism
c. Language Analysis d. Realism
471) Education should be “active” and related to the needs and interest of the learners. Learning
occurs amidst movements and activities. The teacher participation is very minimal because
the pupils dominate the class activities. Which theory recommends this type of educative
process?
a. Existentialism b. Perenialism
c. Progressivism d. Essentialism
472) The teacher is the personification of reality in the classroom. Reality, in this belief, is regarded as
a creation of the Absolute Mind. In effect, pupils learn though imitation, interest, effort and
discipline. The teacher should be emulated. Which is the principal exponent of this role of the
teacher?
a. Pragmatism b. Naturalism
c. Realism d. Idealism
473) Education is considered both a basic need and right of citizens. This implies that the state should
provide for schools so those children will have access to education and satisfy this basic need
and exercise of their right. Which philosophy advocates this belief?
a. Realism b. Naturalism
c. Idealism d. Pragmatism
474) Children need a passionate encounter with perennial problems of life, the agony and joy of love,
the reality of choices, the anguish of freedom, the consequences of actions, and even the
inevitability of death. Both beautiful and ugly or the positive and negative sides of life should
be stressed in the educative process. Whose belief is this education?
a. Essentialism b. Realism
c. Perennialism d. Existentialism
475) One of the distinctive view of cosmology is –

a. Evolutionism b. Idealism
c. Naturalism d. All of these
476) A questioning attitude toward the possibility of having any knowledge –

a. Skepticism b. Dualism
c. Agnosticism d. Pluralism
477) Reasoning from particulars to a general conclusion is called –

a. Rationalization b. Induction
c. Deduction d. Revelation
478) One of the theories of education whose basic principle is “existence precedes essence” is called –
a. Existentialism b. Progressivism
c. Perennialism d. Pragmatism
479) An educational theory, which is sometimes referred to as “experimentation.”

a. Existentialism b. Essentialism
c. Progressivism d. Pragmatism
480) A theory founded on the belief that the body of knowledge, which has endured through time and
space, should form the basis of one’s education.
a. Perennialism b. Pragmatism
c. Idealism d. Essentialism
481) Mind and body are two aspects of a fundamental reality whose nature is unknown –
a. Emergency Theory b. Spiritualism
c. Parallelism d. Double Aspect Theory
482) Man has the power of choice and is capable of genuine initiative.
a. Determinism b. Creativism
c. Free Will d. idealism
483) It consists of transcendent universals, forms, or ideals, which are the objects of true knowledge. It
also involves the belief that there exists, ulterior to all finite existence, an order of form which
are real, eternal, self-explanatory, self-moving, intelligible, and purposeful, on which all finite
beings and activities human knowledge and morality, are dependent both for their existence
and for their meaning.
a. naturalism b. realism
c. pragmatism d. idealism
484) This view that the whole of reality is nature. There is no area, knowledge, or experience to which
the methods of dealing with nature may be extended. This philosophy subordinates mind to
matter and holds that ultimate reality is material.
485) It is a tendency, movement, or more or less definite system of thought in which stress is placed
upon practical consequences and values as standards for explicating philosophic concepts,
and as tests for determination their value and truth.
a. pragmatism b. humanism
c. realism d. naturalism
486) it is a kind of pragmatism, which stresses thought as an instrument and its function as adapting
the human organism to its environment.
487) This educational philosophy has a dual purpose: to educate the individual for his life here on earth
and to prepare him for his life beyond. It is considered as the ultimate aim of education in
Christian perfection in t his life as prerequisite to the life beyond.
488) This philosophy of education places spiritual things over and above worldly things. Man is both
matter and spirit and his spiritual will must prevail over his materials and wordily desires for him
to avoid sinning and for him to attain spiritual perfection.
489) This refers to as the doctrine where an indispensable common core of culture knowledge, skills,
attitudes, ideals, etc. can be identified. The core should be taught systematically to the
learners who should maintain a rigorous standard of achievement.
490) This theory holds that universals are independent of antecedent to, and more real than the
specific individual instances in which t hey are manifested. This theory is very similar to, if
exactly the same as Platonic idealism.
491) This philosophy of education is dominated by the technological experimental advancement which
have so powerfully shaped our modern culture; it is concerned with recognizing change and
adjusting thorough the use of the scientific method; it concentrates on present problems rather
than on the application of a priori principles to the solution of present problems.
492) Another feature of this philosophy of education is that it considers the child as the center of the
education process. The aims of education are formulated in accordance with interest and well
being of the child. The curriculum is constructed to suit the intellectual capacities and other
characteristics of the child.
493) Another feature of this philosophy of education is that it emphasizes learning by doing. The child
must participate in all learning activities.
494) This philosophy of education puts emphasis on uniqueness of the individual. Man functions,
grows, develops, makes choices, suffers, experiences intense feelings, and faces God as an
individual.
a. essentialism b. existentialism
c. progressivism d. realism
495) Rousseau established three great principles of teaching that formed the basis of the reforms of
Pestalozzi, Herbart and Froebel. These principles are:
1. The Principle of Growth
2. The Principles of Student Activity
3. The Principle of individualization
4. The Principle of Child Readiness
5. The Principle of Child Development
6. The Principles of Real Objective
7. Existence
a. 1, 2, and 3 c. 2, 4, and 6
b. 4, 5, and 6 d. 1, 3, and 5
496) Progressive education left a legacy characterized by:

i. emphasis on the child as the learner, rather than on the subject matter.
ii. stress activities and experiences, rather than on textbook reliance and memorization
iii. cooperative learning, rather than competitive lesson learning
iv. absence of fear punishment for disciplinary purposes
v. e .all of these
vi. none of these
497) Perennialism represents a conservative theoretical view cantered in the authority of tradition and
the classis. Among its major educational principles are:
i. truth is universal and does not depend on the circumstances of place, time or person
ii. a good education involves a search for an understanding of the truth
iii. truth can be found in the great work of civilization
iv. education is a liberal exercise that develops the intellect
v. all of these
498) Among the common themes found in the essentialist point of view are:
i. the elementary school curriculum should aim to cultivate basis tool skills that contribute to
literacy and mastery of arithmetical computation
ii. the secondary curriculum should cultivate competencies in history, mathematics, science,
English and foreign languages
iii. schooling requires discipline and a respect for legitimate authority
iv. learning requires hard work and disciplined attention
v. all of these
vi. none of these
499) Which of the following is an application of the philosophy of Naturalism in Education?

i. education must change the learner’s nature
ii. education must conform to the natural processes of growth and development
iii. education must encourage superstition part of nature
iv. education must accept the learner’s conduct good or bad
500) Idealism when applied to education emphasis the:

i. materials aspects of life
ii. spiritual; nature of the universe
iii. scientific facts
iv. objective reality
501) Which of the following give much importance to the teacher’s role in society?
1. Eastern Philosophers 4. Pragmatist
2. Idealist 5. Communists
3. Realists
a. 1, 3, 4, 5 above d. 2, 3, 4, 5
b. 1 & 5 only e. 1, 2, 3, 4
c. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
502) What branch of philosophy where on asks “how do we acquire knowledge”?

i. Axiology c. metaphysics e. ontology
ii. Logic d. epistemology
503) If one wants to become a physician, then he must take up medicine in medical school. What
philosophy of education this situation suggested?
i. Pragmatism c. humanism e. realism
ii. Essentialism d. supernaturalism
504) The explanation “man is both matter and spirit and his natural will must prevail over his materials
and worldly desires for him to avoid sins.” What philosophy does statement correlate?
a. Humanism d. Theism
b. Supernaturalism e. Reconstructionism
c. Essentialism
505) Which of the following sentences expresses a broader meaning of philosophy?

i. it is the sum total of the behavior tendencies of a person from a specific stimulus
ii. it is a man’s beliefs and views about the world, which guides his actions
iii. it is man’s unexpressed feelings, judgments and convictions
iv. it is man’s empirical observation which influence education
506) What do you think is the reason why the role of philosophy of education has been strongly
endorsed?
i. It serves as an inventory of practices, principles and theories.
ii. It serves as a means to enlighten what has been found unsound educational practice.
iii. It serves as a common denominator when diversities and conflicting educational practices
arise.
iv. It serves as punitive device for those who cannot conform to ideal educational practices.
507) Which of Gandhi’s philosophy, particularly, his being opposed to untouchability and his being an
advocate of equal rights of women in reflected is the school practices in the Philippines today?
i. Access and equity which means that school must be open to all regardless of race and
status;
ii. Academic freedom, which means that teachers in higher education institutions must use
their expertise to teach the truth.
iii. Progressive scholarship, which means that poor but deserving students must get full
financial support for their education.
iv. Student bookkeeping, which means those students, can move on in their lesson by their
own pace.
508) Which of the following educational implications is called for Plato’s view about the nature of the
child, which says that every child is naturally fit for a task in life?
i. The teacher should assign pupils to groups for their socialization.
ii. The teacher should prepare learning tasks that will serve as follow-up for further learning.
iii. The teacher should develop teaching materials that are adaptable in all school subjects.
iv. The teacher should develop varied experiences that are commensurate to the
developmental levels of other pupils.
509) Which statement is parallel to Comenius view of the nature of the child, which states that child, is
essentially evil but he is rectified through education.
i. Little learning is a dangerous thing—Juan Luna
ii. One evil cannot rectify by another evil—Jose Rizal
iii. A crime cannot be expiated by vain lamentation— Jose Rizal
iv. Through education our Motherland will receive light— Jose Rizal
510) What kind of education will result if it is patterned after Indian philosophy, which is speculative?
i. Teachers will be inclined to use experimentation as method of teaching.
ii. Superstitious beliefs will be treated as valid as scientific findings.
iii. Pupil’s objective observations will be encouraged.
iv. Truths are testable.
511) Why is the Caste System of India contrary to democracy?

i. Absence of social mobility through education
ii. Religion is more important than education
iii. Absence of Method of Teaching
iv. Presence of equity and access in education
512) In what way will the Bhagavad—Gita as a philosophy coincides with the education philosophy of
idealism?
i. Reality is atom, thus education is tutorial
ii. Reality is nature, thus education is contractual
iii. Reality is spirit, thus education is memorization
iv. Reality is mind and body, thus education is experimental
513) Which of those is an example of Mahatma Gandhi’s Theory of Non-violence?

i. Character education should lead students to industry and thrift
ii. Character education should emphasize self-control and tolerance
iii. Character education should develop subjective values.
iv. Character education should include military discipline
514) Buddha spent much of his life and teaching and directing his disciples using proper sequence of
ideas. Which method of teaching in contemporary education is similar to this?
a. Debate b. Deductive Method
c. Socialized recitation d. Inductive method
515) The Confucian ideal of the superior individual was one who lives a life of rightness, virtue and
propriety. What does this means?
i. Being educated was a question of conduct and character
ii. Being educated was a question of wealth and power
iii. Being educated was a question of rank and status
iv. Being educated was a question of birth
516) Taoism of Lao-Tzu as a philosophy states that people were originally happy but suffer now as a
result of the changes brought by civilization. Which one parallels this?
i. Rousseau who believed that a child is essentially good but he is corrupted by society
ii. Froebel who believes that a person is a social being
iii. John Locke who believes that a child’s mind is blank state
iv. Comenius who believes that a child is essentially evil but rectified through education
517) Zen Buddhism as a philosophy prized intuition rather than intellectual discovery. What do you
think is the adverse effect of this on education?
i. Sources of authority in education may not be acknowledged
ii. Objectivity in the appraisal of knowledge
iii. Children lack self-confidence
iv. Learning is more of gut feeling rather that analysis
518) The Zen method includes physical violence, such as striking the head. What prohibition in the
Philippines Education System parallels this?
i. Physical exercise during class sessions
ii. Ice breakers in between lessons
iii. Corporal punishment in the classroom
iv. All of these
519) One of the fundamental concepts of Judaism is the belief that God cares for the world and all its
creatures. What educational implications may be made from this concept in teaching?
i. God may be viewed as a loving Father
ii. God may be viewed as a protector of all
iii. God may be viewed as a reverend authority
iv. All of these
520) One of the philosophers of Christian church was St. Thomas Aquinas who wrote “De Magistro”
which considers that the teacher as the secondary cause of learning. What education
implications may be derived from this?
i. Learning will take place even without the teacher
ii. The environment, including the teacher plays vital role in the pupils learning
iii. The pupils themselves are responsible for their learning as they interact with the
environment
iv. God can inspire the teacher as he manages the learning process
521) For western thinkers, progress is measured in terms of better jobs and more practical and efficient
social system. For the Eastern philosophers’ progress may mean non-attachment and the
development of one’s inner being. Which one is close to both Eastern and Western thoughts?
i. Eastern philosophy is concerned about ethics and aesthetics
ii. Western philosophy equates development with economic progress
iii. Eastern philosophy is spiritual in her approach to development
iv. All of these
522) Eastern philosophy states that one cannot live a good life unless he is transformed. Which
concept of education parallels this thinking?
a.Learning is behavioral change
b.Learning is organization of values and
attitudes
c. Learning is experiencing life
d.Learning is acquisition of facts and
information
523) In terms of curriculum and methods how does Eastern philosophy differ from Western
philosophy? Which one belongs to Western philosophy?
i. Leaders gather together the thoughts of the day in the form of sutras, which required
commentaries to make them intelligible.
ii. Yoga, in which the mind enters a trance where it is emptied of all content, unaware of
subject or object.
iii. Oral discourse and dialectic
iv. Oral tradition and reading of sacred literature
524) Which of these is NOT true about philosophy of education and the teacher?
i. Increase the teacher’s awareness of his life and career
ii. Teacher makes decisions and act accordingly
iii. Cultivates a wide range of
interest.
iv. Contrary to what he believes is his philosophy
525) What do you think makes democracy as philosophy better than communism? Democracy aims
i. To develop the person to the maximum of his capacity
ii. To develop the person to become a citizen who can be called to defend his country from
invaders
iii. To provide subsidy to the needy.
iv. To provide education for
religiosity
526) Rousseau, in his book, Emile tried to convince people that a child be educated in the environment
of the home, especially the learning language. What do you think was the method?
i. Alphabetic-phonetic method
ii. Structural analysis method
iii. Communicative competence method
iv. Natural method
527) Plato, in his book THE REPUBLIC stated that every person should serve where his talents fit.
What is its educational implication?
i. One’s economic status determines his profession
ii. Regardless of status in life one can raise his career by using his abilities to the maximum
iii. The bright should serve the bright and poor should serve the poor
iv. Top position should be occupied by the rich
528) The dialectic method was believed to be the best method of learning by this philosophy because it
was regarded as a critical method of thinking. It was widely used throughout the Middle Ages
particularly by Christian educators. It is still very popular in our school but now in the form of
informal dialectic as in questioning and discussion sessions. Which philosophy is closely
associated with this method?
a. Pragmatism b. Existentialism
c. Naturalism d. Idealism
529) This Western philosophy has affinity for precision and order. The desire for order and precision
has been imbibed by Filipino educators as manifested in such contemporary school practices
as ringing bells, set time periods for study, departmentalization in the higher educational level,
daily lesson plan, course scheduling, increasing specialization in curriculum, prepackaged
curriculum materials, line-staff from of administration organization. Which philosophy has
advocated such practices?
a. Scholasticism b. Realism
c. Idealism d. Pragmatism
530) The civil service examination for entry to government position and to the various professions is
popularly perceived as fitting culmination of one’s formal education in our country today. It has
its origin in a country considered to have nurtured to the world’s human culture. Which country
is referred to here?
a. Saudi Arabia b. Japan
c. India d. China
531) Though it is not yet widespread, some teachers employ this Oriental method of yoga to instill
discipline and order in the class. While the practice does not really approximate the real
method, some teachers resort it to for this purpose?
a. Islam b. Hinduism
c. Buddhism d. Shintoism
532) The teaching of rules of conduct in the classroom and their classroom and their application in the
home and community has been the influence of an ancient Eastern philosophy. As in Kantian
moral philosophy an ancient Oriental sage has advocated a universal maxim of human
conduct. Which philosophy is referred to here?
a. Judaism b. Buddhism
c. Confucianism d. Islam
533) The fatalistic attitude of many Filipinos particularly the disadvantages families, has built up their
negative attitude toward education. They do not consider education as if factor for social
mobility or a sound investment in human resource development. Which Eastern philosophy
has influenced us in this attitude?
a. Hinduism b. Confucianism
c. Buddhism d. Islam
534) Teacher-student relationship is given much emphasis in our schools. This evidence of the
personalistic element of Filipino culture is carried over to schools from our legacy of a closely-
knit family structure where there is respected and loyalty to elders. As an elder, the Filipino
teacher is expected to be similarly treated by her pupils. Which ancient Eastern philosophy has
greatly contributed to this tradition?
a. Hinduism b. Buddhism
c. Islam d. Confucianism
535) Through their varied experiences in life and lessons in school, pupils in particular and people in
general would come to realize that there are forces and laws that govern their life; and that
their free will or choices have no power to control or change them. Most of their science
lessons would confirm this philosophical concept. Which concept or principle is referred to
here?
a. Principle of integration
b. Appetitive principle
c. Principle of determination
d. Categorical imperative
536) When the teacher leads the class to conduct a scientific inquiry to test its observations of a certain
phenomenon, his methodology is consisted with this epistemological concept. Which theory is
involved here?
a. Coherence theory
b. Correspondence theory
c. Experimental theory
d. Experimental theory
537) When the teacher presents objects and asks the pupils to describe them in terms of qualities
perceived through the use of the senses, the activity is rooted in a certain epistemological
theory. Which theory of knowledge is primarily involved in these learning tasks?
a. Revelationism b. Intuitionism
c. Rationalism d. Empiricism
538) In another instance, a teacher leads the class to learn a mathematical truth discovered thousands
of years ago by Pythagoras, a Greek mathematicism, which type of knowledge is appealed to
by this method?
a. Empirical knowledge
b. Authoritative knowledge
c. Rational knowledge
d. Initiative knowledge
539) When the leader leads the class to discover truth by relating parts of the whole as in the case of
most truths in formal sciences like logic and mathematics, the class is strictly adhering to
certain theory of truth. Which theory is referred to here?
a. Coherence theory
b. Correspondence theory
c. Theory of verifiability
d. Pragmatic theory
540) A teacher who subscribes to the progressivist theory of education would embrace certain reforms
in connection with methodology. He would discard traditional ones in favor of modern
practices. Which is one is considered a progressivist reform in methodology/
i. Greater participation for the
learner’s
ii. Formal instruction pattern
iii. Strict eternal discipline
iv. Teacher domination of activities
541) The existentialist position in teaching is that the teacher need not be a successful teacher but an
honest one. Beside, the teacher here offers knowledge. If asked to present his views on a
controversial issue, he gives his views without asking the class to accept them. The class can
either accept or reject the teacher’s views. More often then not, the class accepts the teacher’s
stand because it is well-studied one. How is the teacher described in this role?
i. The teacher is an authority
ii. The teacher is nondirective
iii. The teacher is a model to be emulated
iv. The teacher is directive
542) There is a universally accepted principle that “the child educates himself in great measure.” Most
of his knowledge is based on what he discovers in his own active relations with things and
people, as a great philosopher advised they way to do this is to tell the learner as little as
possible and induce him to discover as much as possible. What educational concept supports
this view?
i. Education should be based on needs and interest of the learner
ii. Education should engage the spontaneous self-activity and volition of the learner
iii. Learning experiences should be drawn from the personal and social experiences of the
learner
iv. Education is a lightly personal process that involves the learner alone.

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PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION REVIEWER 2

1) Which of the following corresponds to Kohlberg’s post-conventional or principled level of moral

7) What would be an effective way of avoiding social stratification is the classroom?

a III, II, I, IV c. II, IV, I, III

25) How does peer group influenced adolescence?

34) The principle of individual differences requires teachers to ____.

Which combination of abilities is maintained or enhanced?

48) Which developmental task is expected of the adolescent according to Havighurst?

51) Which one correctly describes the phenomenon of lately children?

52) Moral development is early childhood is characterized by __.

54) Which of the following is not a subject-centered curriculum?

61) Which is NOT a characteristic of democratic discipline?

64) Which is a danger signal of adolescent maladjustment?

68) Which of the following statements on developmental task is wrong?

70) Which is a focusing thinking skill?

72) Intelligence plays a significant role in learning. Which statement is untrue?

84) Learning takes place best when –

86) What is the highest level of comprehension?

93) Extreme authoritarianism is the home reinforces learners to –

100) The information processing psychology asserts that –

109) Which conception of age is wrong?

111) In Piaget’s theory an individual’s adjustment to new information is called ___.

112) The psychoanalytic theorists believe the following EXCEPT

129) Major obstacles for children in creative solving of problems include:

130) Which of the following are major health problems in adolescents?

134) An assessment of personality, normative and objective method refers to:

135) In Erickson’s Theory, self-esteem tend to be positively influenced by:

136) According to Freud, the superego contains the:

144) The most rapid increasing rate of mortality is found in:

150) Children develop identification with a parent as a result of:

151) Which of these patterns show cognitive skills of early childhood?

152) Which of these characterize language development is childhood?

153) Biological changes in the adolescent years include:

154) This is a true statement regarding childhood dreams.

162) An infant at 7 months may have his psychomotor skills like:

164) Which of the following situations do children learn language skills?

166) A child learning to undress sees the activity as:

193) The process of becoming fully developed and grown is:

194) The following are measurable growth indicators, EXCEPT:

195) Which of the following is an indicator of development and growth?

198) The correct directions of human growth is:

210) “Acquisition of knowledge, facts, information, ideas and concepts.”

211) “Involves the use of muscles and bodily movements.”

215) “Overcoming or removing difficulty to attain a goal.”

216) “Formation of values, attitudes, appreciation and judgments.”

219) “Development by reading and studying that enriches knowledge.”

220) “Learning based on association between stimuli and responses.”

221) “Going at once into water to learn how to swim.”

222) “When an organism is ready to act, action is satisfying, inaction is annoying.”

223) “Learning is strengthened if it gives satisfaction to the leaner.”

227) Use of insight and understanding in learning.”

229) “Learning, involves acquisition, transformation and evaluation.”

231) “Experiences in one situation can be applied in another learning situation.”

232) “Learning with reflex action.”

233) “Braille reading as form of learning.”

234) Learning how to write a story or a novel.”

244) Which of the following ways of life refer to Taoism?

246) The cultivation of reflective and meditative skills in teaching is an influence of –

255) Ancient Chinese education consisted of:

258) Which of the following describes education in ancient Egypt?

260) Egyptian’s ancient picture – writing system is known as____.

261) Ancient Jewish education is associated with _____.

262) Ancient Greek’s liberal education was intended for _____.