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    Din en 1563 2012

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    Norman Download Bou tcl Book Intrnaiena ot Wo.19:048 Raigad Cd YOAR0SSLIN- 581119001 201206201442 March 2012 DIN EN 1563 ICS 77,080.10 Supersedes DIN EN 1863:2005-10 Founding - Spheroidal graphite cast irons English translation of DIN EN 1563:2012-03 GieBereiwesen — Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit Englische Ubersetzung von DIN EN 1563:2012-03 Fonderie — Fontes a graphite sphéroidal Traduction anglaise de DIN EN 1563:2012-03 Document comprises 50 pages ‘Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst. Incase of dou, he German language original shal be considered aubontatve © Sapa aay tyis meansmeapeeneaa ap gcse cet cSe orabem omy, =e? UOT DIN EN 1563:2012-03 ‘A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword his standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CENITC 190 “Foundry technology” (Secretariat: DIN, Germany) Pre esponsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss GieGereiwesen (Foundry Practice Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 036-00-01 AA Gusseisomwerkstofte, ‘Amendments ‘is standard difers from DIN EN 1963:2005-10 as follows: 3) futher solid-solution strengthened ferttic spheroidal graphite cast iron grades have been added (see Introduction for more information); ) Clause 3 “Terms and definitions” has been extended to include: — ferntic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast iron (3.2) — solid-solution strengthened ferrtic spheroidal graphite cast iron (3.3) = cast sample (3.5); — separately cast sample (3.6): — Side-by-side cast sample (3.7); — cast-on sample (3.8); — relevant wall thickness (3.9). ©) mechanical properties are now given as a function ofthe relevant wall thickness in Tables 4, 2 and 3, and the classification as a function of hardness (given in Annex A of EN 1563: 1997) has been witharam: — [ables 1 and 2 conceming feritic to pear spheroidal graphite cast irons have been restructured, {he required minimum impact energy values apply to several lypes of cast samples’and are now given for three ranges of relevant wall thicknesses; — in Table 3 relating to solid-solution strengthened fertc spheroidal graphite cast irons, the required minimum mechanical properties apply to several types of cast samples and are now given for three ranges of relevant wall thicknesses; — in Table 4, types and sizes of cast samples and sizes of tensile test pieces are now given in relation to the relevant wall thickness of the casting 0) Annexes: — Amex is now informative and gives additional information on solid-solution strengthened ferrite spheroidal graphite cast irons; — Annex B (informative) replaces the former Annex D of EN 1563:1997 and gives guidance values for mechanical properties measured on test pieces machined from samples cut from the castings, for three ranges of relevant wall thicknesses; — Annex C (informative) now gives guidance values for hardness; — Annex D (informative) now gives information relating to nodularity; — Annex E (informative) replaces the former Annex 8 of EN 1663-1997 and gives auuiliunal information ‘on mechanical and physical properties of solid-solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons. Zhe former normative Annex E of EN 1863:1997 “Formation of test units and number of tests" has been dropped: DIN EN 1563:2012.03, The following new annexes have been included: — Annex F (informative) “Fracture toughness, impact energy and ductity of spheroidal graphite cast irons"; — Annex G (normative) "Sectioning procedure for cast samples"; — Annex H (informative) “Comparison of spheroidal graphite cast ron material designations according to EN 1860 [1] and ISO/TR 18931 [24)" — Annex I (informative) “Un-notched impact test"; 2) the Bibliography (Which is no longer an annex) has been transferred to the end of the standard, Previous editions DIN 1693: 1961-09 DIN 1693-1: 1973-10 DIN 1693-2: 1977-10, DIN EN 1563: 1997-08, 2002-08, 2003-02, 2005-10 i i 3 i i 4 DIN EN 1563:2012-03 — This page is intentionally blank — < EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1563 NORME EUROPEENNE EUROPAISCHE NORM December 2011 108 77.080.10 ‘Supersedes EN 1563:1997 English Version Founding - Spheroidal graphite cast irons FFonderie- Fontes a graphite sphéroidal Getereinesen -Gusseisen mit Kugelorahit ‘Ths European Standord was approved by CEN on 12 November 2011 CEN members ar bound to comply wih the CENICENELEC Intsal Regulations which etpuat the conten forgiving this European Standard the stlus ofa ratonal standard without any stration. Up to-date tts and bblog-aphica elerencss concrring such nope ‘andards may be obiained on application tothe CEN GENELEG Management Centre oe any CEN member This European Standard ents in tree offeil versions (English, French, Garman). Aversion in any cer language made by transition unde he respensibtyof a CEN member nos own language and naiieg to the CEN.CENELEC Management Cane has the same ‘satus a the offial versions [GEN members are the national standards bodes of Austia, egium, Bulgaria, Croata, Cyprus, Czech Republe, Denmatk, Estonia, Firing. Frence, Germany, Greece. Hungary leland, end, aly Uaiwa, Lithuania, Luxembou, Matta, Netheriands, Nonway, Poland, Pongal Romania, Sovalia, Sovenia, Sash, Swedea, Swizerand and Unted Kingdom —“- EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITE EUROPEEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPAISCHES KOMITEE FUR NORMUNG Management Contre: Avenue Marnix 17, 8-1000 Brussels (©2011 CEN Alright of expltaton in any orm and by any means reserved Ret No. EN 15682011: € worldvde for CEN natonal Members, WHY GY 1909; 4012-05, EN 1563:2011 (E) Contents 2 Normative references. 3 Terms and definitions 4 Designation oun 5 Order information 6 Manufacture. 7 r 7 7. Ferritic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast irons. Solid solution strengthened ferritic spher Gast samples. 13 83 Samples cut froma casting 9 Test methods. 94 Tensile test, 92 Impact test. 93 Hardnoss test. 94 Graphite structure examination 10 Retests 10.1 Need for retests.. 10.2 Test validity . 10.3 Non-conforming test results. 22 10.4 Heat treatment of samples and castings. 222 11 Inspection documentation... Annex A (informative) Addi ‘graphi Annex B (informative) Guidance values for mechanical properties measured on test pieces machined from samples cut from the castings. ‘Annex G (informative) Guidance values for hardness. ‘Annex D (informative) Nodularty ‘Annex E (informative) Additional information on mechanical and physical properties. Annex F (informative) Fracture toughness, impact energy and ductility of spheroidal graphite cast irons Annex (normative) Sectioning procedure forcast samples ‘Annex H (informative) Comparison of spheroidal graphite cast iron matorial designations according to EN 1560 [1] and ISO/TR 15931 [24]... ‘Annex | informative) Un-notched impact test. ‘Annex J (informative) Significant technical changes between this European Standard and the i Previous edition. A? J Annex ZA (nformative) Relationship between this European Standard and the 2 Essential i Requirements of EC Directive 87/23/60... aA Bibliography. 48 3 i 2H Itrnational Plot No.17B;042 Raigad C.-K 4280S. S21 DIN EN 1563:2012-03, EN 1563:2011 (E) Foreword Teen ciQcument (EN 1863:2011) has been prepared by Technical Commitee CEN/TC 190 “Foundry technology’, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. ‘This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, ether by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2012. ‘Altention is drawn to the possibilty that some of the elemonte of thie document may be the subject of patent ‘ights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights, This document supersedes EN 1563:1997 This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). fix relationship with EU Directive 97/23/EC, see informative Annex ZA, which js an integral part of this document, Within its programme of work, Technical Committee CEN/TC 180 requested CEN/TC 190MWG 7 “Spheroidal graphite, silicon molybdenum and austempered ductile iron” to revise EN 1563:1997, ‘Annex J provides details of significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition, Aczording to the CENICENELEC internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the folowing {ounties are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, aly. Latvia, {uithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Sloveris, Spal ‘Sweden, Switzertand and the United Kingdom. wav ENV 1985:2012-03 EN 1563:2011 (E) Introduction ‘The Proper of spheroidal graphite cast irons depend on thelr structure Sphevoial graphite cast irons covered by his European Standard are divided in two groups: 1) fertic to pearitc spheroidal graphite cast irons which were inthe Previous standard: 2) sect solution strengthened ferric spheroidal graphite cast rons which ‘were not in the previous standard, ‘The two groups present specific properties, for example: [heer grades of the fist group present the highest impact energy, — Thepearlte containing grades are more suitable for wear resistance ‘applications; ~ fe eat-olition strengthened ferric grades present for an equivalent tensile strength a higher proof Stenaih and a higher elongation than that ofthe fen o pear rome, ~ eegummant Property ofthese solid-solution strengthened feito grades isthe reduced hardness variation resulting in an improved machinabilty, "The mochantal properties of the material can be evaluated on machined tet peces Prepared frm: — separately cast samples. — side-by-side cast samples; — caston samples; — samples cut from a casting coal etal grade is defined by mechanical properties measured on machined test pieces prepared from cast samples, spnactress or un-notched impact energy are a requirement of the purchaser 8 being important for the application, then Annex C or Annex I provide means forts determination Further tochnical data on spheroidal graphite cast irons is given in Annexes A, and F, tnt European Standard a new designation system by number, as estabshed in EN 1860:2011 [1], is given ww Eur NabON system by number is based onthe stucure and cules of EN 100072 (2) and so corresponds, ‘withthe European numbering system for steel and other meteraie, Some spheroidal raphite cast iron grades can be used for pressure equipment, ne, Bermited material grades of sphoroidal graphite cast ran for proseure ‘opplications an sne conditions for their use are given in specitic product or application standards For the design of pressure equipment, specific design rules apply the ree Stes information relating tothe conformance of permitted spheroidal Graphite cast iron grades to the Pressure Equipment Directive 97/23/EC. 5 2 | i i i } DIN EN 1563:2012-03 EN 1563:2011 (E) 1 Scope ‘This European Standard defines the grades and the corresponding requirements for spheroidal graphite cast irons. This European Standard specifies 2 groups of spheroidal graphite cast iron grades by a classification based ‘on mechanical properties measured on machined test pieces prepared from cast samples. The first group ‘deals with ferric to pearitic grades. The second group deals with solid-solution strengthened ferric grades. This European Standard does not cover technical delivery conditions for iron castings (see EN 1559-1 [3] and EN 1559-3 [4). ‘This European Standard does not cover all aspects of: — ausferric spheroidal graphite cast irons which are specified in EN 1564 [5]; — low alloyed ferrtic spheroidal graphite cast irons which are specified in EN 16124 [6]; — austenitic cast irons which are specified in EN 13835 [7] — spheroidal graphite cast irons used for pipes, fitings and their joints which are the subject of EN 545 [8], EN 598 [9] and EN 969 [10}; — the grades of spheroidal graphite cast iron as specified in EN 545 which are used for products such as industrial valves, non industrial manually operated shut-off valves and flanges and their joints, which are the subject of the applicable European product standards. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies, EN 764-5:2002, Pressure Equipment — Part 5: Compliance and Inspection — Doctimentation of Materials EN 10204:2004, Metallic products — Types of inspection documents EN ISO 148-1:2010, Metallic materials — Charpy impact test — Part 1: Test method (ISO 148-1:2009) EN ISO 945-1:2008, Microstructure of cast irons— Part 1: Graphite classification by visual analysis (ISO 945-1:2008) EN ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials — Brinell hardness test — Part 1: Tast method (ISO 6506-1) EN ISO 6892-1:2009, Metalic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at ambient temperature (USO 6892-1:2009) 3. Terms and defi jons For the purposes of this document, the following terms and defini ns apply, 34 ‘spheroidal graphite cast iron cast material, iron, carbon and silicon-based, the carbon being present mainly'in the form of spheroidal ‘graphite particles NOTE Spheroidal graphite cast ionis also known as ductile iron, and less commonly as nodular iron. DIN EN 1563:2012.03 EN 1563:2011 (E) 32 ferrtic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast iron ‘spheroidal graphite cast iron with a matrix containing ferrite or peariite or a combination of both NOTE _Peatite canbe partially o totally replaced by bainite or tampered martonsita in grades having higher strength 33 ‘solid-solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron ‘spheroidal graphite cast iron with a matrix mainly consisting of ferrite, solution strengthened mainly by silicon 34 ‘graphite spheroidizing treatment operation that brings the liquid iron into contact with a substance to produce graphite in the predominantly spheroidal (nodular) form during solidification NOTE This operation is often followed by a second one called inoculation. 35 cast sample Quantity of material cast to represent the cast material, including separately cast sample, side by side cast sample and cast-on sample 36 separately cast sample ‘sample cast in a separale sand mould under representative manufacturing conditions and material grade 37 side-by-side cast sample sample cast in the mould alongside the casting, with a joint running system 38 cast-on sample sample attached directly to the casting 39 relevant wall thickness wall thickness representative of the casting, defined for the determination of the size of the cast samples to ‘hich the mechanical properties apply 4 Designation The material shall be designated either by symbol or by number as given in Tables 1, 2 or 3. In the case of samples cut from the casting the letter Cis added at the end of the designation by symbol NOTE Tho comparison of EN 1563 grade designations with the grades from the ISO standard for spheroidal graphite cast ion,1$0 1083:2004 [11], is given in Annex H Plot No.178;0-42 Raigad C.-K T4GBEBLI BH2111901-20120629 1642 onal Pot Ne 79:0-42 Raga ©. TO42EESLIN 5825118001 20120629 14:2 j | 8 ! DIN EN 1563:2012-03 5 Order information The following information shall be supplied by the purchaser: 2) the number of this European Standard; ) the designation of the material ©) the relevant wall thickness; 9) any special requirements. Hreeguraments shal be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order (@.9. technical delivery conditions according to EN 1659-1 and EN 1589->), 6 Manufacture deere 2 of Producing spheroidal graphite cast irons and their chemical composition shall be left to the ‘fezration ofthe manufacturer wino shall ensure thatthe requirements of this European Standard ay tot the material grade specified in the order. — ferttc to pearitic spheroidal graphite cast irons. Far tnese grades. the level of the mechanical properties is determined by the ferite to peat ratio, This Faeener™aly adjusted by alloying with pearite stabilising elements or less commonly by nest treatment, — solid-solution strengthened ferric spheroidal graphite cast irons. Fx these grades, the level ofthe mechanical properties is determined by the extent of solid solution Strengthening of the ferrtic matrix. This extent is normally governed by the silicon content Treatment mac pehneroial graphite cast irons to be used in special applications, the chemical compostion and heat treatment may be the subject of an agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser Tre augamente between the manufacturer and the purchaser shall be made by the time of the acceptance of the order, 7 Requirements 7.4 General Tr broperty values apply to spheroidal graphite cast irons cast in sand moulds or moulds of comparable cota er anour, Sublet to amendments to be agreed upon in the order, hey can apply fo casts oblained by alternative methods. Trakmateral designation is based on the minimum mechanical properties obtained in cast samples with a tWickness or diameter of 25 mm. The designation is itespectve ofthe type of cast sample. Mechanical properties are wall thickness dependant as shown in Tables 1, 2 and 3. For relevant wall Bieknesses more than 200 mm, the manufacturer and the purchaser shall agree on the minimum values te be obtained and the type and size of the cast sample, NOTE Tensile testing requires sound test pices inorder to quaranee pure un-axal sess during th test. DIN EN 1563:2012-03 EN 1563:2011 (E) 7.2. Ferritic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast irons 7.24 Test pieces machined from cast samples 7244 — Tensile properties The mechanical properties of ferrtic to pearltic spheroidal graphite cast iron test pieces shall be as specified in Table 1 DIN EN 1563:2012-03 EN 1563:2011 (E) ‘Table 1 — Mechanical properties measured on test pieces machined from cast samples for ferritic to pearlitic grades Material designation Relevant wall |” 0,2% proof | Tensile strength | Elongation ] thickness ‘strength 1 Roa fm 4 mm MPa pa % Number min rin rin 7230 720 350 2 53100 a rer room temperate Impact energy Tapers meray values given in Table 2 for room temperature (RT) and low temperature (LT) applications, ‘applicable, shall only be determined if specified by the purchaser by the ime of acceptense of oe resutance 1 ke remoact energy Is curenty being reassessed regarding is limted relevance as a measure of tnpoat energy and decane 1 288 Subject fo appicaton loads. Annex F gues infomation sbout racure tentress impact energy and ductty Table 2—Minimum impact energy values measured on V-notched test pieces machined from cast ‘samples for ferritic grades of the ferritic to pearlitic group, r Relevant ‘Minimum impact energy values wall ‘Material designation thickness, : Room temperature | Low temperature | Low temperature (2325)°C -2022)"¢ 402)°¢ ‘ Mean | individual |" Mean [individual | Mean | Individuar ‘Symbol Number | mm | value | value | value | "value | valve | "asc Gtests) (tests) (tests) 1530 = = = = 12 3 | Encvs.ss0-22.17 |s3100 — [so aall be chosen fo tow a test place of amensions shown in Figure 5 10 be machined frm the cast sample. — 40 mm for types | and t; — 80 mm for type Il and IV. 16 Dimensions in milimetres Figure 2— Separately cast or side by side cast samples — Option 2: Y-shaped sample DIN EN 1563:2012-03 EN 1563:2011 (E) Dimensions in milimetres, The thickness of the sand mould surrounding the samples shall be at least 40 mm. "e 3— Separately castor side-by-side cast samples — Option 2: Round bar-shaped sample u “[sf === O GLs 4 W fp LJ “ a Type a h a] |= p——s 4 Type b 4 g & eS i L 5 5 i # 3 z Typec i g § Type A B D H He le In h a 3 a 45 55, 25 50 - +20 | 4-50 100 : » | 45 [ss [a | | — [uvaolio|] « 0 3 e [ao [so [as fas | ae Puva0 | ncso 60 : * tats cn Wo iss of aes dom Fine sb acined ton po atooee : i I i j 7 DIN EN 1563:2012-03 EN 1563:2011 (E) 4 . h a by Key 1 casting Dimensions in milimetres Relevant wall thickness | __@ > © a h Type ‘of castings: max ‘nin a 15125 6 11 75 | 201030 B 128 «1530 Ey 18 128 | 30040 c 30 Ls (in principle, Le 12 4) ‘4. isthe total length of the test piece, which depends on La; +r isthe transition radius, which shall be at least 4 mm MOTE curate mathod of gripping the ends of the test piece, together with ther length f may be-agreed between the manufacturer andthe purchaser. Figure 5 — Tensile test pi ce 9.2 Impact test IRE mPad! est shall be carried out on three Charpy V-notched impact test pieces (see Figure 6) in accordance with EN ISO 148-1:2010, using test equipment with an appropriate energy to determine the ropertias correctly DIN EN 1563:2012-03 EN 1563:2011 (E) Dimensions in milimetres 5520.6 10 20.1 x X44 0,25 +0,025 WN Figure 6 — Charpy V-notched impact test piece 9.3 Hardness test ‘The hardness shall be determined as Brnell hardness in accordance with EN ISO 6506-1 Aterative hardness tests may also be agreed upon. The test shall be carried out on the test pieces or at one or several points on the castings after preparation of the testing area in accordance with the agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser. It the measuring locations are not the subject of an agreement, they shall be chosen by the manufacturer. fit 's not possible to carry out the hardness test on the casting, then by agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser, the hardness test may be carried out on a knob cast-on to the casting, 9.4 Graphite structure examination The graphite structure shall be confirmed by metallographic examination Non-destructive methods can also give information, Incase of dispute, the results ofthe microscopic examination shall prevail, 10 Retests 10.1 Need for retests Retests shall be carried out ifa test is not valid Retests are permitted to be carried out if test result doos not meet the mechanical property requirements for the speutied grade a EN 1563:2011 (E) 10.2 Test validity ‘A testis not valid if there is: 4) a faulty mounting of the test piece or defective operation of the test machin )_ a defective test piece because of incorrect pouring or incorrect machining; ©) a fracture ofthe tensile test piece outside the gauge length; 4) a casting defect in the test piece, evident after fracture In the above cases, a new test piece shall be taken irom the same cast sample or from a duplicate sample cast at the same time, to replace those invalid test results, 10.3 Non-conforming test results {f any test gives results which do not conform to the specified requirements, for reasons other than those siven in 10.2, the manufacturer shall have the option to conduct retests I the manufacturer conducts retests, two retests shall be carried out for each failed test If both retests give results that meet the specified requirements, the material shall be deemed to conform to this European Standard, fone or both retests give results that fall to meet the specified requirements, the material shall be deemed not to conform to this European Standard. 10.4 Heat treatment of samples and castings Unless otherwise specified, in the case of castings in the as-cast condition with mechanical properties nat in ‘conformance with this European Standard, a heat treatment may be carried out, 'n the case of castings which have undergone a heat treatment and for which the test results are not valid or ‘ot satisfactory, the manufacturer shall be permitted to re-heat treat the castings and the representative ‘samples. In this event, the samples shall receive the same number of heat treatments as the castings, UT the results of the tests carried out on the test pieces machined from the re-heat treated samples are satisfactory, then the re-heat treated castings shall be regarded as conforming to the specified requirements ofthis European Standard, ‘The number of re-heat treatment cycles shall not exceed two. 14 Inspection documentation When requested by the purchaser and agreed with the manufacturer, the manufacturer shall issue for the Products the appropriate inspection documentation according to EN 10204:2004, When ordering material for pressure equipment applications, the equipment manufacturer has the obligation fo request appropriate inspection documentation according to the applicable product or application Standard(s), EN 764-5:2002 and EN 10204:2004, The material manufacturer is responsible for affirming conformity with the specification for the material ordered 22 Normen-Downlc-BeuthKatdval Book Inarnatona lot No.178;043 alga C -AoN? 7O4ZBESLIN:S821119001-201208-29 16-42 DIN EN 1563:2012-03 EN 1563:2011 (E) Annex A (informative) Additional information on solid solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons A1 General Tis informative annex applies to solid solution strengthened ferric spheroidal graphite cast iron grades as ‘Specified in Table 3, A.2 Material constitution 21 Chemicai composition Peo full the requirements forthe mechanical properties, a ferric structure solid solution strengthened by silicon is recommended, Table A.1 — Guidance values for chemical composition. Designation st P Mn Symbol Number % * a approx. 2 max max, EN-GIS-450-18 5.3108 320 0.05) 0.50 EN-GIS-500-14 5.3109 3.80 0.05 050 EN-GIS-600-10 83110 430 (0.05) 050 ® Sicontent may be lower due othr alloying laments ° _ Win wer in content (eg 0.30%), machinabilty and elongation wil be knproved ‘With increasing silicon content, the carbon content should be decreased correspondingly. A22 Matrix structure The matrix should be predominantly ferrite with a maximum peariite content of 5%. The amount of free cementite should not exceed 1%, A.23. Graphite structure The graphite structure should be mainly of form V and VI in accordance with EN ISO 945-1 Due to the increased silicon content, these solid solution strengthened ferrtic spheroidal graphite cast irons rea char” Some compacted graphite (form Ill in heavy sections. However ferrite matrices are, also for higher levels of solution strengthening by slicon, much less sensitive to reduced nodulariy than cast tore strengthened by substantial amounts of pearlte, A level of approximately 20 % of form Wl can be accepted, provided the remainder is mainly of form V and VI {o full ie minimum tensile properties specified in this European Standard, wu EV 1905:201Z-03 EN 1563:2011 (E) A.3_ Supplementary information A341 Application Jona i Slut strengthened feritc spheroidal graphite cast iron grades are used for applications where 00d machinabiity, high ductility and high proof strength are required. 3.2 Mechanical properties 3.2.4 0,2 % Proof strength igh ceuggnaracteristc properties ofthese solution strengthened fertic spheroidal graphite cast ions is the Tg reN0 02% prootstrengthvtensile strength” 75 % to 85 % as compared to of rato for fenite e veins ‘spheroidal graphite cast irons 55 % to 65 % (see Figure A.1), Seep hs shigher ratio, elongation values are concurrenty considerably higher for sold solution ‘strengthened ferric spheroidal graphite cast irons (compare Table 1 and Table 3 Rozen Feo2 (MPs) Key ferrite, ferrtic-pearitc, pearitic and ausferrtic spheroidal graphite cast irons solution strengthened ferric spheroidal graphite cast irons Figure A.1 — Spheroidal graphite cast irons — 25 mm cast samples — Ratio 0,2 % proof strength/tensile strength than aaracteristic property of these solid solution strengthened fettic spheroidal graphite cast irons is Tank ental value in hardness, proof strength is signicant higher, as is shown in Figure A> fovea Table C.1) 24 Noman Downioae.euts Kans 800k Internationa Pit No.178:0-2 load C Ke: T4z6RBALINSE2NTIOOH-21RO8-8 1842 DIN EN 1563:2012-03, EN 1563:2011 (E) Feo (MP.) ‘2 140460180200 a0 wast Hew Key 3 ferritc, ferrtic-pearitic and pearitic spheroidal graphite cast irons b solution strengthened ferrtic spheroidal graphite cast irons Figure A.2— Spheroidal graphite cast irons — Relation between Brinell hardness and 0,2 % proof strength (curve based on the average values of this European Standard) 25 Normen-Dorioad-Bout-Kubdwel ook ternational Pot No, 17%0-42Reled KN. TO4286S4INS12T118001- 201206281442 DIN EN 1563:2012-03 EN 1563:2011 (E) However, the relationship between tensile strength and Brinell hardness is more or less identical to that of the ferrticipearitic grades of spheroidal graphite cast irons, as is shown in Figure A.3, Ry (MPs) 0 140180180 20 0280 Key 2 feritio,fertic-pearitic and pearitic spheroidal graphite cast irons solution strengthened ferrtic spheroidal graphite cast irons Figure A.3 — Spheroidal graphite cast irons — Relation between hardness and tensile strength (curve based on the average values of this European Standard) ‘A322 Other mechanical and physical properties For information see Annex € and Annex F. A3.3. Machinability Compared to the corresponding ferrtc/pearitic grades, the solid solution strengthened ferric spheroidal graphite cast iron grades exhibit considerably less hardness variation due 10 their single-phase. matnix structure. For a same level of hardness, this reduction in hardness variation (see Table C.1), combined with a egligible amount of pearite, results in improved machinabilt, 26 Annex B (informative) DIN EN 1563:2012-03, EN 1563:2011 (E) Guidance values for mechanical properties measured on test pieces machined from samples cut from the castings Table B.1 — Guidance values for mechanical properties measured on test pieces machined from ‘samples cut from the castings for ferritic to pearlitic grades WaT ancraion Rawat] — 5 pet | Toate wana] ESRI Manes | ane ra a SE = erowsacomcit | samo | wees | 23 Fa é Sica | sn a 5 a 3 3 acca | io Sie Bo a a 0 % enowsacome | same | sire | ze S 2 a 3 oo asim | 3 a % 1530 250° ‘390 6 | erossaoosecet| sae | sccico | a zs & evoswowe | sso | osteo | ae Ea & oie | 8 an 9 eo ss a saca | i a : 130 ‘300 440 8 “| erovsarore | samo | sce | 3 2 3 sazen | i Pf 3 evowssonse | sar | socio | oe se 2 as a ‘ar 3 rousro2c | sow | seo | 8 és i (" Sim | 3 &ao i 1530 460 780 2 “| In the case when the purchaser requires minimum mechanical property values to be oblained ina sated locaton of fo casung, ese valves are to be agreed withthe manufacturer 1 Plt No $73,042 Raigad C.-K 7042865. S82119001-201206.29 142 EN 1563:2011 (E) Table B.2 — Guidance values for mechanical properties measured on test pieces machined from ‘samples cut from the castings for solid solution strengthened ferritic grades. Material designation Relevant wall | 0.2%proof | Tensile strength | Elongation thickness strength ' Roa Bo 4 mm MPa MPa % Symbol Number rin, rin. rin 130 350 440 16 JEN-css-450-180. 5.3108 30<1<60 340 420 2 60<1s 200 Guidance values to be provided by the manufacturer 1530 400 480 2 EN-GIS-500-14¢ 5109 3024560 290 460 10 60<1< 200 Guidance values to be provided by the manufacturer 7530 450 580 8 IEN-Gis-600-10¢ 83110 30<1s60 430 560 6 60<15 200 Guidance values tobe provided by the manufacturer In he case when the purchaser requires minimum mechan casting, these values are to be agreed with the manufacturer ical property values to be obtained in a stated location of the| 28 VIN EN 1965:2012-03 EN 1563:2011 (E) ©.3 Test method ‘The hardness test should be carried out in accordance with EN ISO 6506-1 IV itis not possible to carry out the hardness test on the casting itself, then by agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser, it may be carried out on a knob cast-on to the casting itself or ons separately cast sample, {Cine testi carried ut on a knob cast-on to the casting, it should not be separated before concluding any required heat treatment. We fst carried out on a tet piece taken from a separately cast sample, this should be subjected fsly to ‘any heal treatment required for the castings of which its representative. 4 Number and frequency of hardness tests ‘The number and frequency of hardness tests can be the subject of an agreement between the manufacturer ‘and the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order. ©. Determination of a hardness range capable of meeting the tensile property requirements ‘is procedure applies mainly to serial production of castings, where itis possible to obtain the required ‘number of samples, aris procedure is used to determine the hardness range of a material rade specified by its tensile properties ‘cording to Table 1 or Table 3 for a grade designated in Table C1, for a particular foundry process, ) Select the hardness grade from Table C1. ) Select the corresponding grade in Table 1 or Table 3 and the type of sample using the values shown in ‘Table C1 for tensile strength and 0,2 % proof strength of the specified hardness grade. ©) Retain only tnose test pieces witha value within the hardness range for the selected grade, see a). 9) Determine tensile strength, 0,2 % proof strength, elongation and Brinell hardness values for each test Piece. Round hardness values to the nearest 10 HBW. As agreed between the manufacturer and the purcaser in order to obtain the desired statistical confidence, conduct as many tests as are necessary to obtain a minimum number of values of tensile strength for each HBW value, 1 KONE 7OA20SLIN 821119001 20120829 14:42 ©) Plot histograms of tensile properties, as a function of hardness, ‘) For each HBW value, take the minimum value of each tensile property as the process capability indicator. 9) ‘Speci as the minimum HBW value the minimum hardness for which tensile strength and 0,2 % proof strength meet the requirements of the grade specified in Table 1 or Table 3 ) Specify as the maximum HBW value the maximum hardness for which the elongation meets the requirements of the grade specified in Table 1 or Table 3 {The hardness range lies between the minimum and the maximum HBW values as determined by the above Procedire, Norman Downloat Bettas ack Intemainal Pot Ne. 1780-42 Raigad CUM TOAO6SLIN- S81119001-201.0629 14:42 DIN EN 1563:2012-03, EN 1563:2011 (E) Annex D (informative) Nodularity The nodularity of spheroidal graphite cast irons is defined as the percentage of graphite particles that are ‘spheroidal or nodular in shape (form V and VI of EN ISO 945-1) While the number of particles is detected by 100 x magnification, the determination of the form and its porcontage should be done with a magnification which shows the graphite particles in approximately the size ‘according to EN ISO 945-1:2008, Figure 1. While the classification of the graphite form is accomplished on the: basis of this standard in comparison to reference pictures, the computer aided image analysis with specific ‘software parameters might be applied for this material as well, "Nodularity not only depends on the production process influenced, for example, by the chemical composition, the remaining magnesium concentration or the inoculation method, but also on the solidification rate of the ‘melt in the respective wall areas. Furthermore, it is possible to influence the graphite form in the contact area of the mould area as well ‘The nodule roundness marks only one aspect of the material quality. Further parameters influencing the ‘material qualities are, among others, the number of graphite particles and their distribution, the pearite concentration and its arrangement, the solid solution strengthening of the ferite and possible microshrinkage. Conceming the guarantee of the minimum material properties specified in this standard, it is therefore impossible to define precise standards of nodularty for certain solidification modulus. However, experience shows that a nodularity of 80% or more generally ensures the minimum tensile Properties specified in this European Standard, as long as the matrix of the chosen variety is adjusted accordingly. Most of the 15 % to 20 % of graphite not being in form V and VI is then in form IV and possibly in {orm ill (and may even be of form I! in thick walled castings). See also A.2.3, For castings subjected to severe loading, in particular under fatigue conditions, a higher nodularity (including ‘requirements for a specific percentage of form V and VI graphite) may be required, especially for ferric. Peatitic to pearlitic grades. Such a requirement should be evaluated by an experimental study, specific to the casting and the material grade. Ultrasonic velocity and sound resonance frequency are influenced by graphite structure. Their measurement, after calibration, can give information on nodulatity. However, this measurement cannot replace metallographic examination, 34 Normar-Downlond Bouldin Book iterations! Plot Na.19;0-42 Raigad ¢ Nr T4288 Lt S824419001 20120698 1442 DIN EN 1563:2012.03 EN 1563:2011 (E) Table E.1 — Typical properties * Caacersie | om] Watral designation EXSSGRG| NES AO [NGS] SHOR RT | evanam [eucenos | evanene | Masa | SSE NW [SEED [SSSATT Sax aera te] a = a 7 ra “eo 7 ae : eral sg wea [ai 60 rr ro 3. 0. 7 Ho ne = oss east tenses [vee | aap 162 169 169 17 178 170 178 170 170 170 | onprension 9 Poise =| eas arses | a | oa “as | aoe | Fstque i = ia Sending) uncctsea wes | 100 15 20 ne we | eo By so 210 Bs 8 195mm) sgve wt Gaging benang) niche wwe | se ma v2 1 19 188 v2 02 120 10 185 ‘oma racure opines? [wee ve | ae @ 72 = = 0 30 = 7 a = Fineralcondventy ata S| wknd | 3az waz az mz BS Bi at a i : Seem menay °C Tyagi | sis 18 a8 sr 18 315 515 ss eee roa) E 8 [ses Dene ae | a TH Ti Ta 7 a TZ Tz TE 75. 7. ryseesi ne (= 17 ae] eo 00 ‘0 $348 [ 08 | 3 08 | 9900 3 na ne ru Resco re a0 80 oo 08 ost se oc oa 8 a8 ase sre tere | fonte | tertarrtepeaite|seantetenie| peante | Samper | "are fete fete fae rmavesce_| ‘Sante’ ‘rest ohevse spe, te vanes gonna ale Soe a Reahrene oan PTS Esq tt et locas soon o Weer, nce anna fers rc graphic! ons hf ti shot 0.x ete srengh in phrase cons wih a ee sengh 30 MPa Th eo dessert resem tneta sreagn iin peat and quenched ane empared serch cant te nag a romans at scund 048 nad slonstegthaed arte jade ato at the Nghe tale secs, eager et loro {00 mm amet nh wah rene 4" Vic having 8 aso 0.25 nha alee of rncaled peril grate cat one decreases oa va aout 029» stove ic antened st paces sphere rapa ca one ni aonb stergh oT kira or large casings, ca lobe cet values x25 mm cas sampies Niger vaues oud be expec or eke wad casings vate gen for as-cast onions, peril pap ast Yon lesan by hat eaten reset ower ouphass [12 ed on 12 1] 2). 33 DIN EN 1563:2012-03, Annex F (informative) Fracture toughness, impact energy and ductility of spheroidal graphite cast irons FA General ‘The mechanical properties of spheroidal graphite cast irons are governed by four factors: — (pe matrix microstructure where the type (as-cast fully ferric, feritc-pearitic or fully pearlitic) and fineness govern the structural strengthening effect from pearite, — the degree of solid solution strengthening of the matrix ferrite (also within any pearlte) due to the level of silicon in the ternary Fe-C-Si base alloy and the levels of other suitable elements, — the graphite morphology (nodularity and nodule count), and — the occurrence of imperfections, teremest ferrous metals, spheroidal graphite cast rons exhibit fracture behaviour which also varies according to temperature, stress state and strain rate, F.2_ Fracture mechanics Win the fracture mechanics concept, the allowable component stress and the size of structural imperfections ‘are quanttavely linked together through the fracture toughness, a material property which characleries Ine resistance fo unstable crack propagation. An imperfection of citical size at a certain stress level loads to Upstable crack propagation and rapid failure under static loading, io. bile fracture. Gyctc loading may cause Slow and stable crack extension, or fatigue cracking, prior to final failure. The aim of a fracture mechonng ‘analysis isto determine ertical crack (or imperfection) sizes being sufficient for falure at certain stress levele Unear-elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM) allows experimental

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