Properties of Real

Gases.
Hello!
I am Durgance Gaur(1916124)
This is my findings on the topic
gdurgance@gmail.com
9161657913

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REAL GASES.. What are they?

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 “
Real gas is one in which mutual interaction
between molecules can not be
neglected.ie…Potential energy of interaction
is not zero.

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 What are they?

▧ Most gases behave ideally when they are held at low

pressure and “High” temperatures.
(Room temp. is considered as high T)
▧ Interactions between gas molecules is more likely at
 Low temp
 High gas pressure
This introduces Potential energy into the picture

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Properties of REAL GASES

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 Properties of Real Gas

▧ Real molecules do take up space & do interact with

each other.
▧ Real gas molecules are not point mass.so, the actual
volume free to move is less because of particle size.
V’=V-nb “b” is a constant that differs for each gas
▧ Molecules do attract each other therfore pressure on
the container will be less then ideal gas.

Pobserved= P-a(n/V)2

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Potential Energy

Acc. To plot
▧ At large distances the atoms do not
interact and u(r) is zero.
▧ At smaller distances forces of
mutual attraction tend to bring the
atoms closer and u(r) diminishes.
▧ At the distance r0 u(r) is minimum.
▧ At r< r0 , repulsive force dominates
and u(r) increases.

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Difference

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 The Compressibility Factor(Z)

▧ We can use the “Compressibility factor” (Z) to detect

deviation of a gas from ideal behaviour in
experiments.

▧ When Z<1, intermolecular attractions exits, and gas

molecules can “feel” each other’s presence.

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 Real Gas Behaviour
Compare 3 scenarios for gases in piston

Low P
The first piston shows a gas at low pressure.
Vactual=Videal
Ideal Gas Law and KTG obeyed

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 Real Gas Behaviour
Compare 3 scenarios for gases in piston

Mid To High Pressure

The second piston shows a gas at med-high pressure. As the
volume decreases, some molecules stick together, effectively
reducing the moles of gas.
Now, Vactual<Videal
The gas is more compressible12 and attraction dominates
 Real Gas Behaviour
Compare 3 scenarios for gases in piston

Ridiculously High P
The third piston shows a gas at REALLY high pressure.
The gas cannot move and we see that it actually DOES take up
space ..as out common sense might tell us.
Now, Vactual>Videal Repulsion dominates
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 The van der Waals Equation
▧ The van der Waal constants a and b are experimentally –
determined for each individual gas.

▧ The vdw constant a describes the strength of attraction with

units L 2 atm mole-2
▧ The vdw constant b increases with increasing molecular
size with units L mol-1

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The van der Waals Equation

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Thank you

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