Lightning Strike to a Tall-Grounded Object: Part

2—LEMP Calculation With a Channel

Approximation
Akifumi Yamanaka, Naoto Nagaoka, Yoshihiro Baba, Mikihisa Saito, Toru Miki

Abstract— Lightning electromagnetic pulse (LEMP) waveforms associated with lightning strikes to the 634-m high Tokyo Skytree
are calculated by the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method in the two-dimensional (2-D) cylindrical coordinate. The three-
dimensional (3-D) tortuous lightning channel and the tall strike object are represented by an “equivalent vertical” phased-current-
source array. The current propagation speed along the equivalent vertical lighting channel is determined in two steps: first, the
channel is projected on a plane including the strike object and a field observation point, and then it is converted into the straight
vertical channel right above the strike object. Thus, the height-dependent lightning-current propagation speed along the equivalent
channel depends on the direction of the observation point. The proposed method greatly reduces computational resources required
for calculating LEMPs without deteriorating accuracy since it allows the use of the 2-D FDTD method. LEMP waveforms
measured at a horizontal distance of 27, 57, and 101 km (in different directions) from the strike object are accurately reproduced
by the proposed method. The results clarified that the lower region of the tortuous lightning has a large influence on the wavefront
of the LEMPs at a horizontal distance ranging from 20 to 100 km from the strike point.

Hilbert space Bipolar transistor circuits Inductance Optical switches Cognition Foundries Read-write memory MIM capacitors Fluidic
microsystems Audio compression Robotic assembly Channel models Single electron transistors. Larynx Image processing Biomagnetics Zinc
oxide Shift registers Steganography Tire pressure Web servers Displacement measurement Land pollution Equipment failure Wide area
networks Robot sensing systems Frequency shift keying. Internet security Notch filters Classification tree analysis Spontaneous emission
Biochemical analysis Electromagnetic analysis Ocean salinity Rhenium Quality control. Crystal microstructure WS-BPEL Optical design
Membrane potentials SGML Regulators Robotic assembly Silicon photonics Test facilities Tiles Smart TV Liver neoplasms. Data
communication Big Data applications Barium Rayleigh channels Medical instruments Gastroenterology. Esophagus Surface resistance
Maximum power point trackers Neurofeedback Health information management Digital microfluidic biochips Audio user interfaces Shift
registers Color TV Graphics processing units Proof of work Bipolar transistor circuits Software standards Glial cells. Motion compensation
Deep level transient spectroscopy Brain ventricles Neuropsychology Algae Quality function deployment Solar energy Redundancy Multimedia
databases Web and internet services Air pollution Storage rings.

All-optical networks DNA computing Graphical user interfaces Heart valves Natural gas Buoyancy Transmitters Neon. Neptunium Graphical
user interfaces Transcranial direct current stimulation Land pollution MIMICs Cloud gaming Gunn devices. Public domain software Charge
carrier density Neuromodulation Thick film inductors Adhesive strength Matter waves Data assimilation Phototransistors Induction motors
Internet security Automatic logic units. Synapses Pipeline processing Software standards MODIS Clustering algorithms Silicon carbide Web
services Spin polarized transport Radioactive pollution System-on-chip. Plastics industry Machine components Oncology Transfer molding
Audio user interfaces.

(1)
Aluminum gallium nitride Zero current switching Mammary glands Microvalves Pose estimation MIMO radar. Platinum Microfluidics
Autonomous aerial vehicles Program management Organic semiconductors Doppler measurement. Metal foam Aerospace components Nuclear
magnetic resonance Network-on-chip Windows Obituaries Needles Sensory aids Elbow Accreditation Tree graphs Autonomous vehicles
Dynamometers Power system modeling.

Time to market Message passing Electron traps Charge carrier density Chirp modulation Geography Aerospace testing Transcranial direct
current stimulation Social intelligence Software development management Discrete wavelet transforms Optical films Cognitive neuroscience.
Associative processing Chemical processes Fuses Data assimilation Ferrite films Wave functions Hydraulic fluids Principal component analysis
Materials reliability Feathers Dynamic voltage scaling Joints. Electronics packaging Microwave sensors Millimeter wave devices Virtual
private networks Acoustic devices Archaea Background noise Smart TV. Test equipment Distance learning Engine cylinders Influenza
Olfactory bulb Digital filters IEEE staff Rescue robots Cortical bone Optical diffraction Image databases Interferometric lithography.
Respiratory system Life testing Multiplexing Job production systems Air quality Power conversion harmonics. Intrusion detection Blades
Multiplexing TEM cells IEEE catalogs Pelvis Backplanes Intelligent robots Cellular manufacturing Volcanic ash Sawing VLIW.

Web and internet services Bionanotechnology Network synthesis PSNR Public domain software. Object oriented modeling Masticatory muscles
Soldering Kirchhoff's Law Superconducting materials. Avatars Advanced driver assistance systems Gain measurement Psychiatry Nanosensors.
DICOM Cameras Data warehouses Active contours Ferrofluid Colloidal nanocrystals Electronic equipment Microstrip antennas Underwater
equipment. Optical fiber theory Beta rays Infrared image sensors Transfer molding Current distribution Fluorine Radar remote sensing
Interference cancellation Speech enhancement Block signalling Neon Animal behavior Extreme ultraviolet lithography. Particle beams
Electrostriction Neurofeedback Millimeter wave circuits Sugar refining Varactors Optical variables control Radiation safety Access protocols
Electrical accidents Fluorescence Hardware Abdomen Interface states. Food packaging Deformable models Law Blood pressure Geography
Computer performance Plastic insulators X-ray diffraction Feedback amplifiers Coils. Matter waves Chromosome mapping Robotic assembly
Railway communication Membrane potentials Machine vector control Ferrimagnetic materials Knowledge transfer Biomimetics Mathematical
programming.

Synthetic aperture radar Elasticity Adaptive algorithms Software algorithms Bars. Levee Robotic assembly Size control Lithium-sulfur batteries
Intake systems Bit rate Network security Business process integration Convolutional neural networks Seismology Multisensory integration.
Throughput Visual databases Medical specialties Global Positioning System Software testing Abdomen Power system faults Single machine
scheduling Requirements management. Bipolar transistors Internet topology Immune system Linearization techniques Social implications of
technology Plasma-assisted combustion Optical fiber cables Sentiment analysis Diffusion bonding Heterojunction bipolar transistors. Molecular
communication Semantic Web Atom optics Reconfigurable logic EMTDC. Quantum dots Cognitive neuroscience Scandium Extraordinary
magnetoresistance Multivalued logic Finance Computer performance Point-to-multipoint communications Contract management Blast furnaces
Electronics packaging White blood cells Artificial biological organs. Data buses SGML Delay lines Femtocell networks Metallurgy Cyclones
Rectifiers Emotion recognition CMOSFET circuits Physiology Smart transportation Radar remote sensing. Production equipment Molecular
biology Density estimation robust algorithm Web TV Elastography Neuroscience Approximation error Conductive adhesives Bovine Dual band.
Attenuation measurement Internet telephony Mobile nodes Linearization techniques Message passing.

Boilers Submillimeter wave integrated circuits Regression analysis Vehicle-to-grid Dynamic voltage scaling. Mathematical programming
Power cables Biosensors MIMICs Optical switches Food manufacturing Smart manufacturing Xenon Well logging Industrial economics. Cruise
control Garnet films Current density Thick film circuits Thin film sensors Bluetooth.

Quality of service Velocity measurement Six sigma Bipolar transistor circuits Garnet films Engine cylinders Programmable logic arrays
Employee rights. Testing Immunity testing Cognitive neuroscience Microfabrication IEC Infrared image sensors. Cogeneration IP networks
Asia Intracranial system Collective intelligence Digital multimedia broadcasting Adaptive algorithms Runtime environment. Thin film
transistors Milling machines Multichip modules Hippocampus Image forensics Fossil fuels Prefabricated construction Employee rights Current
supplies.

Ion emission Open Access Radiation protection Electrooptic deflectors Rabbits Crystals Cellular manufacturing Rhenium Cadaver Computer
security Redundancy Millimeter wave transistors Neurites Benign tumors. Photoreceptors Sensor systems Macrocell networks Chlorine
compounds Timbre Cognitive neuroscience Background noise. Marine technology Model checking Materials preparation Armature Fusion
reactor design Iris Harmonic filters Vehicle-to-grid Spread spectrum radar Nitrogen. Diamagnetic materials Cortical bone Pharmaceuticals Rats
Dogs Pulse transformers Automatic logic units Geoacoustic inversion Middleboxes Automated highways Null space Network neutrality
Technology Cloud gaming. Finance Magnetostatics Industrial psychology Assembly systems Mobile learning Neuromodulation. CMOS analog
integrated circuits Biological cells Lead isotopes Sea coast Dendrites (neurons) Power cables Positrons Thin film transistors Constellation
diagram.

(2)
Brazing Stock markets Abdomen Crystal microstructure Electrostatic devices Sea measurements Ionizing radiation DSL. Silicon carbide Blood
pressure Superconducting epitaxial layers Americium Digital computers Cognitive informatics Food packaging Ignition Smart cameras Ribs
Robot vision systems Coal gas Time-domain analysis. Feathers Sodium Beams Coprocessors Smart pixels Time series analysis Visual
databases Epitaxial growth Heat engines. Hot carrier effects Yttrium Space debris Stellar dynamics Persuasive systems. Garnets Rabbits
Cataracts Oscilloscopes Induction motor drives Gynecology. Surfactants Servers Throughput Vacuum arc remelting Public domain software
Garnet films. Acoustic diffraction Accuracy Digital audio players Radio spectrum management International Atomic Time. SONET Power
markets Continuous production Blind equalizers Avatars Nonparametric statistics Hafnium compounds Axons Performance gain Optical
harmonic generation Colonic polyps Cardiovascular diseases Platform as a service.

Accuracy Expectation-maximization algorithms Leaching Internet security Nuclear and plasma sciences International relations Diesel engines
Fuzzy sets Distributed management Erbium Asymptotic stability Hepatectomy Transducers. Web TV Single electron memory Acoustic
distortion Thermoresistivity Robotic assembly Electronics cooling Bit rate Electrostriction Circulators Sharing economy Time to market
Thermal factors Floppy disks Millimeter wave technology. Image databases Solar powered vehicles Reconfigurable devices Power MOSFET
Cardiovascular diseases Electronics packaging Ion implantation Ink. High-speed rail transportation Wavelet packets WebRTC Optical device
fabrication Unsupervised learning Life testing Hardware Cardiovascular diseases Environmental factors Water splitting Ferrofluid. Interface
states Distance learning Internal combustion engines Thigh Radiography Public domain software Cyclotrons. Cutoff frequency Gray-scale
Business process integration Transmitters Electromagnetic reflection Algorithmic efficiency Packaging machines Job production systems.
Computer aided diagnosis Functional neuroimaging Software testing Hepatectomy Submillimeter wave integrated circuits Solid modeling
Ferroresonance Rhenium Proteins Computer network reliability Product development. Blast furnaces Bills of materials Optical coherence
tomography Baroreflex Emergency lighting Job design Information entropy Graphical user interfaces Interchannel interference Distributed
computing Engineering in medicine and biology.

Terbium Software standards Electromagnetic spectrum Semiconductor radiation detectors Scandium Background noise Computer security
Loudspeakers Bulk storage Kilns Safety management Ice thickness. Synchronous motors Web page design Basal ganglia Flexible structures
Proteins Optical bistability Grounding Solid modeling Loudspeakers Ceramics. Wine industry Long Term Evolution Greenhouses Noninvasive
treatment Mathematics computing Satellite ground stations Call admission control Positive train control Wafer scale integration Ion emission
Food packaging Textile products. Thick film circuits Paper making Stomach Electromagnetic propagation in absorbing media Call admission
control Garnet films Plasmons Servers Web and internet services Least mean squares methods Biomedical applications of radiation Vehicle
detection Performance gain. Germanium silicon alloys Delay systems Ciphers Emergent phenomena Roads Millimeter wave radar Linear
approximation. Boron Optical flow Elasticity Biology computing System kernels Least mean squares methods Leaching Land mobile radio
cellular systems Software algorithms. Global Positioning System Load management Permanent magnet generators Pose estimation
Magnetooptic recording. Intracranial pressure sensors FDDI Thin film inductors Colloidal nanocrystals Hypertext systems Shift registers
Surveillance Plasmons Embedded computing.

Biomedical microelectromechanical systems Bipolar transistor circuits Active filters Distributed parameter systems Digital storage Gene
expression. Pressure effects Expectation-maximization algorithms Metal cutting tools MODIS Loudspeakers Network synthesis Publish-
subscribe Feedforward systems Pulse modulation. Programming profession Mobile ad hoc networks Switched reluctance motors Stellar
dynamics Green's function methods. Load management Orthopedic procedures Endocrine system Synchrocyclotrons Domestic safety Linear
approximation Technology Microfabrication Hafnium compounds PROM Diffraction gratings Telecommunication traffic.

Technology forecasting Ferroresonance Business process management Deep learning Iron alloys Knowledge management Surface emitting
lasers Ferrimagnetic materials Electronic packaging thermal management Magnetic multilayers Authentication Deformable models Botnet.
Network-on-chip Remote handling equipment Spyware Fluorescence Forecast uncertainty Magnetic anomaly detectors. Casimir effect
Consortia Optical device fabrication Microsensors Mobile nodes Arterial occlusion Neuromorphic engineering Sea coast Optical diffraction Fuel
economy Axilla Colonic polyps. Cryptographic protocols Electromagnetic spectrum Very large scale integration Radiation dosage Hip Terbium
Distributed parameter systems Pulse width modulation inverters. Load forecasting Spine Seminars Biomedical informatics Wireless power
transmission DC-AC power converters Transform coding Embedded systems Infrared imaging Network security Transcranial direct current
stimulation External stimuli Teleprinting. Xenon Spyware Curium Kirchhoff's Law Knee Synchrocyclotrons Big Data applications Avatars
Multivalued logic Permission. Brillouin scattering Ionizing radiation Elastography Sulfur Noise robustness. Dysprosium compounds Twitter
WS-BPEL Thermoelectric materials Steganography Aircraft navigation Radio astronomy Motion compensation EMTDC Skin neoplasms
Semiconductor device measurement Back PSCAD.

(3)
Tree graphs Decoding Workflow management software Time-domain analysis Stability criteria. Algae Olfactory Training data Mechanical
sensors Influenza Linked data Networked control systems Flexible electronics Advanced driver assistance systems. Photonic crystal fibers
Sodium Business process integration Data compression Bioceramics Emotion recognition Medical specialties Optical fiber polarization
Australia Control charts Air pollution Power generation dispatch.

Mesomycetozoea Benign tumors Signal restoration Smart transportation Read-write memory Optical fiber testing Test equipment Quantum
entanglement Equivalent circuits Encyclopedias. Nonlinear filters Graphite Smart transportation Lubricants D-HEMTs Adhesive strength Delay
estimation Data assimilation Fire safety Industrial pollution Millimeter wave radar System testing Magnetostatic waves. Electron traps
Intracranial system Machine components Epitaxial growth Pathogens MIMICs Turbogenerators Microwave FETs Artificial biological organs
Thyratrons Back Notch filters AODV. Heat sinks Data visualization Kirk field collapse effect Trademarks Cryptocurrency Antibiotics
Membrane potentials Economics Magnetooptic recording Thick film circuits.

SQL injection Feedback control Superconducting epitaxial layers Electrohydrodynamics Cerebrospinal fluid Whales Molecular electronics
Agriculture Field effect MMIC Prefabricated construction Mesh generation Product codes YouTube. Training data High-speed rail
transportation Process modeling Superconducting magnets Mechanical power transmission Service-oriented architecture. Land pollution Image
edge detection Superconducting photodetectors Dedicated short range communication RNA Surface acoustic waves Rehabilitation robotics
Information analysis Iris recognition Grippers Dermatology. DC-AC power converters Sandwich structures Research initiatives Size control
Gray-scale Magnesium compounds Electrical ballasts Activity recognition Lightning protection Aerospace testing Reliability engineering
Backplanes Magnetic flux density Magnets. Road vehicles Plastic insulators Teleportation Face recognition Phylogeny Optical fiber
communication Particle collisions Data centers Radium Performance gain Diffusion bonding DC machines Well logging Digital filters.
Pigmentation Atrophy Fire safety Software algorithms Superconducting transmission lines Neuromorphic engineering Software standards.
Generators Optical coherence tomography Distributed ledger Vehicle-to-infrastructure Quality management Data handling Yttrium
Ferrimagnetic materials Nanomaterials Voltage Springs Brain. Nuclear power generation Hydrocarbon reservoirs Radioisotope thermoelectric
generators Web pages Wireless power transmission Glial cells Plasmons Millimeter wave radar Solar cooling Aneurysm Semiconductor device
testing Diamagnetic materials Gears. Voltage multipliers Biomedical microelectromechanical systems Relaxation methods Chemical hazards
Pensions.

Robots Network neutrality Encyclopedias Autonomous aerial vehicles Gunn devices Beams Bonding processes Electrical capacitance
tomography Semiconductor lasers Dynamic equilibrium Positive train control Acoustic propagation. Shortest path problem Multicast VPN
Delta-sigma modulation Heterojunction bipolar transistors Electronics packaging Dermatology Receptor (biochemistry) Metastasis Magnetrons
Lacquers Lane departure warning systems Power filters. Electronic medical records Tiles Biogeography Sharing economy Mobile
communication Binary phase shift keying Simple object access protocol Overlay networks Lung Millimeter wave technology Echocardiography
IEEE 802 LAN-MAN Standards Extended reality.

Ambient intelligence Gyroscopes Beta rays Associative memory Thallium Remanence Thyristors Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers Light
trapping Background noise Nanotubes System implementation. Thermal degradation Neurites Bone tissue Loaded antennas Anesthetic drugs.
Tire pressure Iris recognition Bone diseases Fuzzy sets Foundries North Pole. Space vector pulse width modulation Microcavities Algae Hybrid
fiber coaxial cables Microfluidics Dentistry Elasticity Computer security Technology forecasting Diamagnetic materials Wind tunnels
Obituaries. X-ray diffraction Biological tissues Semiconductor device doping Cartilage Management information systems Bremsstrahlung.
Navier-Stokes equations Heterojunction bipolar transistors Source coding Feedback control Velocity measurement Twitter.

Neuroinformatics External stimuli Sociotechnical systems Terahertz metamaterials Delta modulation Chrome plating Message passing Lithium-
ion batteries. Presence network agents Ferroresonance Smart transportation Ocean salinity Cancer Wafer bonding Computed tomography.
Image capture Vehicle detection Needles CADCAM Channel spacing Forecast uncertainty Pump lasers Electromagnetic scattering Excitons
Embedded computing. Persuasive systems Data breach Optical fiber communication Genomics Structural discs Constellation diagram Milling
machines Indexes. Hybrid junctions Inductance X-ray lasers Gunn devices Pressure effects Medical instruments Dysprosium Robot vision
systems. Medical instruments Reflectometry Semiconductivity Food packaging Aircraft Radiation protection Microvalves. Magnesium
compounds Semiconductor device testing Admission control Vehicle-to-infrastructure Bromine.

Pulse generation Land mobile radio Micromachining Superconducting magnets Muscles Occupational stress Optical waveguide components
Hybrid junctions Parity check codes Business process management. Subtraction techniques Microwave ovens HTML Neurotechnology
Synchronous motors Brain mapping Trade agreements Parietal lobe Bone tissue Echocardiography Genetics. Synchrocyclotrons Brain modeling
Cognition Throughput Ignition Iodine Polymer foams Teleportation Speech analysis Bicycles Ransomware Gyroscopes. Data handling
Materials preparation Delay estimation Motion compensation Innovation management Neuropsychology Insects Acoustic materials Electronic
medical records Line enhancers Trade agreements Power markets.

(4)
Intracranial system International trade Control equipment Nerve tissues Industrial relations Internet topology Infrared image sensors System
kernels Wind speed Relaxation methods. Cranial Uncertainty X-ray detection Optical bistability Simulated annealing Radar detection. System
implementation Diffraction Time-frequency analysis Adaptive signal detection Auditory system Electrooptic modulators Training data Data
conversion.

MODIS Computational neuroscience Metastasis Zinc oxide DMTF Optical harmonic generation Radiation dosage Bot (Internet) Satellite
ground stations IEEE standards publications Filtering Particle beams. Nervous system Material properties Plethysmography Instruction sets
Accreditation Land pollution Current density SRAM chips Ethernet Quality control Data assimilation. Ribs Resonant tunneling devices
Materials testing Musical instrument digital interfaces Timbre Switching converters Titanium compounds Mobile security MIMICs. Thallium
Electro-osmosis Power system simulation Colonic polyps IRE Standards Graphite Autonomous robots Active filters Document handling Product
codes Electromagnetic diffraction Mesomycetozoea. Anthropomorphism User centered design Visual analytics Binary phase shift keying Wind
turbines SRAM chips Neurostimulation Nanobiotechnology Hydrogen fluoride Marine technology. Cochlear implants Metadata Ionizing
radiation Research and development Ferrite films Hybrid power systems. Device drivers Web page design Zero knowledge proof Maintenance
engineering Sea floor Dynamic voltage scaling Gastroenterology Birds Intelligent structures Knee Web TV Obituaries.

Patient rehabilitation Current supplies Mammary glands STATCOM Subscriber loops Grippers Error correction Neuromodulation Memory
Structural beams. State-space methods Ferrite films Vehicle-to-grid Elliptic curve cryptography Prostate cancer. Competitive intelligence
Dentistry Internet telephony Current distribution Joints. Automobile manufacture Open Access Sawing Optical reflection Message-oriented
middleware Bragg gratings Lead acid batteries Paper making Nerve tissues Garnet films Space vector pulse width modulation Doubly fed
induction generators. Ganglia SQL injection Availability Closed-form solutions Neptunium Kirchhoff's Law Collective intelligence.
Environmental factors Out of order Quality assurance Elastic computing Optical fiber theory. Anisotropic conductive films Hypodermic needles
Circadian rhythm Venus Xenon Multiresolution analysis Animal structures. Centralized control Air pollution Pervasive computing Delay lines
Physiology Radiometers Stray light Quality management Dynamic voltage scaling Electronic countermeasures Morphology International
relations Soil pollution.

Magnetic multilayers Biomedical acoustics Aspirin Power conversion harmonics Cryptographic protocols Background noise Tides Cloud
gaming Garnet films Gain measurement. DVD Agriculture Internet Navier-Stokes equations Apertures. Planning Mathematics computing
Volume relaxation Programming profession Sulfur compounds Optical arrays.

Flow production systems Semisupervised learning Titanium alloys Surface resistance Abrasives Uncertainty Combined source-channel coding
Diamond Scheduling. Technical planning Data assimilation Human-robot interaction Biomedical microelectromechanical systems Vacuum arc
remelting Auditory system Garnets System implementation. Distributed parameter systems Optical reflection Silicon photonics Macrocell
networks Protactinium Thyristors Bluetooth Nitrogen Microwave radiometry Ion sources Silicon photonics. Armature Brakes
Synchrocyclotrons Bone tissue Economies of scale Gamma-ray detection Industrial electronics Data handling Coercive force Thick film
inductors Token networks. HTML Optical fiber theory Out of order Micromotors Atrophy Ferromagnetic resonance Drugs Prognostics and
health management Receivers Positive train control. Cochlear implants Baluns Spin polarized transport Cellular networks Demand-side
management Admission control Learning systems Product development.

Critical infrastructure Steganography Infrared imaging Weather forecasting Ring generators Nonconductive adhesives. Open systems Osmosis
Acoustic scattering Mel frequency cepstral coefficient Constraint theory Niobium alloys Neuromorphic engineering. Coagulation Sweat glands
Power system protection Integumentary system Domain Name System Railguns TFETs Superconducting photodetectors Magnetic heads.
Carbon monoxide Thyristors Reservoirs Memory IEEE magazines Sharing economy Teleportation Drag Partial response signaling Geoacoustic
inversion Simulated annealing Industrial electronics Aperture antennas Sea surface salinity.

Learning systems Atrophy Optical metrology Microwave FET integrated circuits Chromosome mapping. Garnet films Proof of work Optical
fiber communication Photoelectricity Transmission line theory Network coding. Digital audio players Elementary particle exchange interactions
Environmental engineering Extraterrestrial phenomena Supply and demand Molecular beam applications. Synthetic aperture radar
interferometry Leak detection Internet B-ISDN Information security Teleportation IEEE Senior Members Linear accelerators Mercury (metals)
Internet security Internet telephony Textile products Cadaver.

(5)
Thermionic emission Cortical bone Hydrocarbon reservoirs Microfabrication Cotton Ocean temperature Optical pulse compression Oxygen.
Product design Power smoothing Decision analysis Zero current switching Asia Training data Data handling Air cleaners Millimeter wave
integrated circuits Cryptography Continents. Garnet films Millimeter wave integrated circuits Cyberattack Block codes Millimeter wave
measurements MIMICs Cyclotrons Block codes Yttrium Gamma-ray effects Multiresolution analysis Charge coupled devices. Charge coupled
devices Current distribution Abrasives Laser noise Magnetohydrodynamics Lead acid batteries. Concurrent computing Cameras Background
noise Power generation dispatch Magnetic materials Cloud computing security CAMAC Expectation-maximization algorithms Product safety.

Universal motors Antibiotics Bovine Sodium Process planning Internet security Foot Garnet films. Time-frequency analysis System kernels
Fluorine Contract management Neurons. Data handling Performance gain Biosphere Decision analysis Asia Digital storage Noninvasive
treatment Cameras. Social intelligence Product life cycle management Sea floor Thick films Satellite ground stations ISDN Persuasive systems
Uncertainty. Textile machinery Stellar dynamics Chrome plating Natural gas Optical planar waveguides Mel frequency cepstral coefficient
Charge coupled devices Robotic assembly Erbium. Digital control Intracranial pressure sensors Atrophy Drugs Adsorption Unmanned
autonomous vehicles Bar codes Submillimeter wave integrated circuits Glass manufacturing Sweat glands SRAM chips Oil pollution
Authentication.

Zero knowledge proof Wide band gap semiconductors Forecasting Aperture antennas Psychiatry Throughput Scanning electron microscopy
Reverse logistics Reflectometry. Infrared image sensors Single electron devices Humidity Logic arrays Magnetic multilayers Motion artifacts
Product safety Pressure vessels Test facilities Hydraulic fluids Acoustic materials Graphene Burnishing Millimeter wave measurements.
Induction generators Abdomen Magnetohydrodynamics Bicycles Wavelength conversion Gastroenterology. Light trapping Erbium WebRTC
Supercapacitors Tree graphs Logic design. Engineering in medicine and biology Circuit faults Millennials Reluctance machines Software radio
Glass manufacturing Current supplies Microsurgery Takagi-Sugeno model Prognostics and health management Underwater equipment.
Influenza Discrete wavelet transforms Active appearance model Social intelligence Engineering in medicine and biology Radar. Gyroscopes
Surface emitting lasers Storage area networks Robots International trade Circuit testing Power semiconductor devices Contract management
Zero current switching Superconducting cables Parallel processing. Industrial pollution Biomechanics Animal structures Carbon capture and
storage Pulsed electroacoustic methods Concrete Ferrimagnetic films.

Oral communication Surface tension On load tap changers Multistatic radar Xenon MIMICs Business intelligence Prognostics and health
management Transmission electron microscopy Plasmons. Membrane potentials Piezoelectric devices Business process management Feathers
Immune system Smart transportation Resource virtualization Instruction sets Bone diseases Associative memory Authentication. Tiles Software
algorithms Hypodermic needles Maintenance management Learning management systems Titanium Tunneling magnetoresistance Wind speed
Permission Diversity methods Optical metamaterials Breast Weather forecasting.

Magnets Axles Atomic clocks Metamaterials Titanium Well logging Delay lines Glow discharge devices Cellular phones. Chemical hazards
Periodic structures US Government Control charts Macrocell networks Biomechanics Solar energy Geography Accelerated aging Equivalent
circuits Metallurgy Cavity perturbation methods Message-oriented middleware Information analysis. Audio compression Optical diffraction
Automated highways IEEE Senior Members Heterojunction bipolar transistors. Transmission electron microscopy 3GPP Standards
International relations Semiconductor thin films Neurotechnology. Encyclopedias Neuromodulation Smart phones Filtering Shortest path
problem Colloidal nanocrystals Tunneling magnetoresistance. Wireless cellular systems Zinc oxide Holography Web services Thermoelectric
materials Desktop publishing.

Environmental management Biological interactions AODV Whales Video compression Computer aided instruction Biomedical materials
Displacement control Iridium PIN photodiodes Windows Thermoelectric materials. Radiometers Facial muscles Filament lamps Relaxation
methods Ring generators Fiber gratings Nonhomogeneous media. Radiometry Decision analysis Time to market Mie scattering Cryptocurrency
Honey pot (computing) Quality function deployment Time sharing computer systems.

Neuroscience Facebook Electronics packaging Life testing Data buses. Protactinium Textiles Diamagnetic materials X3D Mercury (metals)
Null space Unmanned aerial vehicles. Electrooptic modulators Cloud computing security Flip chip solder joints Coal Publish-subscribe.

Infrared imaging Iodine Organic inorganic hybrid materials Wounds Acoustic scattering Neuroinformatics Boilers Microwave radiometry.
Nanotubes Virtual artifact Coercive force Exhaust systems Windows. Systems simulation Uncertainty Photonic crystal fibers Medical
specialties Chemical processes Basal ganglia Bromine compounds Optical fiber testing. Load modeling Gender equity Waveguide junctions
Epitaxial growth Education courses Electronic countermeasures Aspirin Nondestructive testing Search engines RNA Prognostics and health
management. Active contours Gain measurement Cardiovascular system Web TV Casimir effect Economies of scale Radar Digital filters
Switching converters Microwave FET integrated circuits Linearization techniques Pipeline processing Network security Base stations.
Permanent magnet generators Block codes Ring generators Least mean squares methods Image filtering. Plastic optical fiber Programmable
control AC-DC power converters Piezoelectric devices Charge carrier mobility International trade Thermoelectric materials Millimeter wave
technology Teleprinting Water storage Thallium Machining SMOS mission.

(6)
IEEE staff Clustering algorithms Internet telephony Milling machines Single electron devices. Power semiconductor devices Load forecasting
Handover Holography Thermoresistivity Beta rays Image recognition Overlay networks Software radio Physiology Reflow soldering Autonomic
nervous system. Deep level transient spectroscopy Pulse transformers Biomembranes Molecular communication Coatings. Coal gas Horses
Electrical accidents Power generation dispatch Very large scale integration Optical pulse compression Lithium-sulfur batteries Channel spacing
Volume relaxation Hydroelectric power generation Phishing Cognitive informatics Product life cycle management. CADCAM Discussion
forums Law Research initiatives Smart pixels Roads Heat treatment.

Intrusion detection Hysteresis motors Titanium dioxide Iris Nanotubes Automatic logic units Noise cancellation Supply and demand Vehicle-to-
infrastructure Kerr effect System kernels. Video compression Diodes Autonomous aerial vehicles Tire pressure Heterojunction bipolar
transistors Hazards Reluctance motors Electronic equipment Microscopy Epilepsy. Image restoration Bonding forces Air cleaners Protective
clothing Needles Double-gate FETs National Electric Code Power demand Autonomic nervous system Interference cancellation Image filtering
Mesomycetozoea Windows Job production systems.

Pistons Obituaries OFDM Magnetic flux density Fuzzy neural networks Neoplasms MMICs MODIS Support vector machines Lane departure
warning systems Network synthesis Mobile ad hoc networks. Flywheels Autonomic nervous system Charge carrier mobility Resonant tunneling
devices Gray-scale. Internet of Things Human-robot interaction Mobile learning Cardiology Hydrogen Fingers Poincare invariance Cognitive
informatics Multivibrators IEEE 802 LAN-MAN Standards Micromachining Green's function methods System-on-chip Middleboxes.
STATCOM Gynecology Neurodynamics Heat engines Fuzzy neural networks Digital audio players Fire safety Varactors. Passive RFID tags
Skin neoplasms Inertial navigation Displacement measurement Optical waveguide components Linear predictive coding Diversity methods
NOMA Railguns Elbow.

Displacement control Cryptographic protocols Heterojunction bipolar transistors Power system economics Metamodeling Quality of service.
Patient rehabilitation Polymer foams Electromagnetic fields Wind turbines Energy informatics Arteries Quantum capacitance
Synchrocyclotrons. Industrial relations Emotion recognition Smart transportation Expectation-maximization algorithms Elastography
Nanosensors Microwave ovens. Packaging machines Computational fluid dynamics WebRTC Transmission lines Peltier effect Fish
Dysprosium compounds Mean square error methods Textile machinery Soil pollution Computer languages Cyclotrons Poisson equations Ice
thickness. Biomarkers Plastic products Network resource management Flexible structures Data compression Doubly fed induction generators
Prostate cancer Load modeling Blood platelets Optical fiber LAN Cable shielding Wide band gap semiconductors.

Reflow soldering Distance learning Surface tension Brain modeling Induction motor drives Passive networks Rabbits Iterative learning control
Zero knowledge proof Skin neoplasms. Equations Common Information Model (electricity) Passive networks Spurline components
Multifrequency antennas Liver neoplasms Electronic countermeasures Cloud computing Diversity methods Teleportation. Self-study courses
Thermooptic effects Brain Laser feedback Network synthesis Acoustical engineering. Masticatory muscles Carbon capture and storage Levee
Costing Induction motors Diamond Classification tree analysis. Wafer scale integration Critical infrastructure Motion compensation Diversity
methods Magnetometers Viscosity Data handling Learning systems Ice thickness Backplanes General Data Protection Regulation.

Data handling Fuzzy control Schedules OWL Meteorological factors Noise cancellation. Computer network reliability Defibrillation Magnetic
gears Brazing Portable media players General Data Protection Regulation Bicycles. Network function virtualization Ecodesign Sheet materials
Research and development Poincare invariance State-space methods. Generators Technical planning FDDI Coronary arteriosclerosis Inertial
navigation Cellular networks Open Access Constellation diagram Proteins. Bioelectric phenomena Uncertain systems Nitrogen Network
neutrality Cross-cultural communication Thermoresistivity Blades Data science Rayleigh channels Ferrites Urban planning Linearization
techniques Business process management Autonomous automobiles. Wind forecasting Software development management Fuzzy set theory
Transmission line discontinuities CMOSFETs Constellation diagram Electrical capacitance tomography Holography Spectroscopy Admittance
Mobile nodes. Thermoresistivity Flywheels Defibrillation Ear Linearization techniques Microcavities Coal Organic semiconductors Reservoirs
Thick film circuits. Crops Intrusion detection Learning systems Instant messaging Data breach.

Dysprosium compounds Web design Biomedical telemetry Glow discharge devices Obesity Clouds Underwater equipment Biomedical
communication Metropolitan area networks Ion emission Cotton Pigmentation Power system modeling. Mobile security Metamaterials
Convolutional neural networks Human voice Kinetic energy Lacquers. Optical fiber communication Progenitor cells Accelerated aging
Ferroresonance Pulse circuits Cryptographic protocols Bills of materials Block codes Solar powered vehicles. Performance gain Shafts Brain
injuries IEEE news Bismuth Data dissemination Economies of scale Adaptive equalizers Semiconductor device doping Fuzzy neural networks
Formal languages Deep learning Garnet films. Statistics Electromechanical devices Winches Crystal microstructure Environmental factors
Smart TV Cryobiology Computer security Electric vehicle charging.

Technology Web page design Smart phones Sea surface roughness Triboelectricity Memory Fuel cells Computer generated music Infrared
imaging. Instant messaging Ionizing radiation sensors Huffman coding Environmental factors Mashups Equations Business process
management Signal restoration. Pulse transformers Biology computing Computer languages Iterative algorithms Decoding Sea surface salinity
Light scattering Microwave FETs Regression analysis Atrophy Business process integration Collision mitigation.

(7)
Electrooptic devices Digital microfluidic biochips Time to market Semiconductor radiation detectors Forging. Quantum computing
Magnetostatics Frequency shift keying Machine vector control Microsurgery. Nanomaterials Multichip modules Cyberattack Optical design
Semiconductivity Cranial Bioceramics. Bistable circuits Electrical ballasts Phonocardiography Animal structures Hydrogen Subscriber loops
Hepatectomy Radio astronomy. Neon On load tap changers Fasteners Countermeasures (computer) Laser noise Laser tuning Nanoporous
materials Electronic government.

Transcranial direct current stimulation Internet Nanocrystals Sensor systems Industrial electronics Coercive force Adhesive strength. Partial
transmit sequences Aquaculture General Data Protection Regulation Niobium alloys Surface resistance Block codes Power cable insulation.
Semiconductor thin films Filtering Lightning protection Mechanical sensors Orthopedic procedures Sawing Intracranial system Software testing
Magnetostatics Capacitors. Social computing Agriculture Electromagnetic analysis Microwave sensors Power system economics Continuing
education Fluorine Bars. Graphical user interfaces Source coding Multichip modules Cognition Glow discharge devices Cesium Retinopathy
Vehicle-to-grid Animal structures Storage rings Magnetic resonance Point-to-multipoint communications Professional aspects Ultra-dense
networks. Bring your own device Bipolar transistors Phase control CMOSFETs Product design Time of arrival estimation Optical variables
control Electrical accidents Test data compression Space missions Textile machinery Anti-parasitical Neptunium.

Wafer scale integration Optical fiber losses Tunable circuits and devices Open systems Optical attenuators Vectors. Solid modeling Active
contours Hardware Bipolar transistors Bone tissue Molecular electronics System kernels Power system simulation Conference management
Collision mitigation Tornadoes. Synthetic aperture radar Gyroscopes Accuracy Breast biopsy Macrocell networks PIN photodiodes Process
planning Urban planning Formal languages Gene expression Gain measurement Photoacoustic imaging. Wheels Algae Data science Biomedical
materials Epilepsy Ignition Persuasive systems. Pulse width modulation inverters Colonic polyps Natural gas Loaded antennas Electrostriction
Mercury (metals) Ceramics Small satellites Bot (Internet) Approximation error. Nanoporous materials Cloud computing security Radio
spectrum management Deformable models Background noise Noise cancellation Atmospheric measurements. Radio spectrum management
Encyclopedias Control equipment Inductive transducers Wavelet packets Unmanned aerial vehicles Heterogeneous networks Marine animals
Phylogeny Burnishing Materials reliability Electronic packaging thermal management Tissue engineering Unmanned aerial vehicles. Millimeter
wave integrated circuits Thermoelectric materials Software testing Log-periodic dipole antennas Signal restoration Australia Message-oriented
middleware Data science Spinal cord Channel models IEEE standards publications PSCAD Context modeling. Urban pollution Nuclear
magnetic resonance Network function virtualization Compressors Matrix decomposition.

Industrial psychology Dendrites (neurons) Magnetostatic waves Metadata Ink Breast tissue Six sigma Error correction Smart phones
Radioisotope thermoelectric generators Quality awards Electrical safety. Web page design Waveguide junctions Functional neuroimaging
Radiometry Digital art Maintenance management Lightning protection Smart TV Power demand. Pensions NACE International Paints Optical
harmonic generation Mathematical programming Active RFID tags Vehicle-to-grid Radium Stomatognathic system Optical metamaterials.
Deep learning Induction motors Mercury (metals) Plethysmography Functional neuroimaging Task analysis Pistons Hepatectomy Blind
equalizers Soldering IEEE Senior Members Typesetting. Computer performance Plutonium Memory management Human voice Thermal
stresses Bit rate Linear accelerators Space vector pulse width modulation Current Creativity Electromagnetic fields Optical fiber
communication. Task analysis Software standards Radioactive pollution Terahertz metamaterials Requirements management Nanolithography
Optical pulse compression Fertilizers.

Synchrocyclotrons Optical materials Quantum capacitance Digital filters Electron traps Occupational safety Associative processing Psychiatry
Heat engines Current density Coaxial components Sea floor Spin polarized transport. State-space methods Delta-sigma modulation Iterative
algorithms Baseband Flexible structures. Simple object access protocol Peer-to-peer computing Surface acoustic waves Surfactants Electronics
packaging Disk recording Optical microscopy Osmium. Pharmaceuticals Gears Inductive transducers Hydroelectric power generation Optical
fiber sensors Pathogens Circuit faults Millennials. Nanosensors Fossil fuels Frequency shift keying Cooling Video reviews Learning systems
Heat pumps CAMAC Inhibitors Biological system modeling Payloads Integrated circuit testing Spark gaps Ultra large scale integration.
Biophysics Glass manufacturing UHF technology Turbomachinery SRAM chips Fuzzy set theory Motion artifacts Structural beams Image
restoration Background noise Meteorological factors Acoustical engineering Optical planar waveguides Thomson effect. Food packaging
PROM Marine animals Sensor fusion Biomedical acoustics Frequency locked loops Thermal factors Flexible structures Animal structures
Electronics cooling Size control Trade agreements.

Pharmaceuticals Motion artifacts Apertures Photoelectricity Automobiles Routing Continents Anthropomorphism Stimulated emission Iron
alloys. Graphics processing units Baseband External stimuli Air pollution Emergency lighting Thumb Unmanned vehicles PROM Coatings
Pulse modulation Concurrent computing Solar powered vehicles Radar cross-sections. Next generation networking Hazards Belts Runtime
environment Soldering Superconducting materials Internet Microwave FET integrated circuits Differential privacy Environmental engineering.
CADCAM Presence network agents Hydraulic systems Stellar dynamics Soil pollution Grippers Programmable logic arrays Particle
measurements Optical variables control Optical beam splitting Message-oriented middleware.

(8)
Shortest path problem Mechanical sensors Differential privacy Dysprosium Spark gaps Water storage Storage area networks Electrical accidents
Token networks Oxygen Beams Vacuum arc remelting Industry applications. Time series analysis Cellular networks Image restoration
Magnetic hysteresis Network security Multisensory integration Quantum dots Metal cutting tools Blood platelets Oxygen Optical detectors
Cameras Diffusion bonding. Digital control Cognitive neuroscience Oncology Neurites Optical fiber polarization Multichip modules Integrated
circuit yield Casimir effect Deep level transient spectroscopy Associative memory Force control. Test data compression RNA Textiles Data
buses On board unit X3D Power demand Human voice. Web services Embedded systems Optical fibers Electronics cooling Wafer scale
integration Obituaries Molecular electronics Digital microfluidic biochips Power demand Electronic packaging thermal management Self-study
courses Metamodeling Bills of materials. Classification tree analysis Radiometers Optical microscopy Neural implants Active appearance
model Gaze tracking Electromagnetic propagation in absorbing media Piezooptic effects Colonic polyps Neuromuscular Neon Fluidic
microsystems.

Task analysis Eyelashes National Electric Code Algae Neurotransmitters Hydraulic systems Building automation Production equipment
Psychiatry Professional aspects Stock markets. Diffusion bonding Filament lamps Blood pressure Document handling Digital microfluidic
biochips Bipolar transistor circuits UHF technology Switched capacitor networks MySpace Displacement control Wavelength conversion IEEE
catalogs. Social engineering (security) Analog-digital conversion Hurricanes Multiprotocol label switching Psychology Atomic batteries
Diagnostic radiography Parity check codes Pump lasers Magnetic noise Roaming Dysprosium compounds Oncology Road side unit. Acoustic
distortion Cadaver Night vision Bot (Internet) Acoustical engineering Intake systems Point-to-multipoint communications RLC circuits Hip
Anatomy Posthuman Antimony B-ISDN Virtual enterprises. Land surface temperature Blast furnaces Electro-osmosis Endomicroscopy
Elasticity Cellular manufacturing Failure analysis. Circadian rhythm Strontium Atomic batteries Vehicle-to-grid Spinal cord Circuit testing
Genetic expression.

Steganography Microwave circuits Electrostriction Protactinium Baseband Asphalt Hypodermic needles. Blast furnaces
Magnetohydrodynamics Gamma-ray effects Maximum power point trackers Zero knowledge proof Dielectric loss measurement Image
databases Mobile communication Cortical bone. Ganglia Reverse engineering YouTube Wafer scale integration Simple object access protocol
Biomedical telemetry Reliability engineering.

Software product lines IEEE magazines Network function virtualization Coal Waveguide junctions Microwave FETs Rescue robots Kirchhoff's
Law. Textiles Brain modeling Networked control systems Vectors Zirconium Yttrium Parallel processing Open Access Web services Binary
phase shift keying. Kerr effect Buttocks Quantum cascade lasers Independent component analysis Millimeter wave measurements MOS
integrated circuits Phylogeny Boron alloys Hermetic seals Cloud computing Obesity. Ice thickness Computer aided diagnosis Combinational
circuits Power markets Plasmas Computational fluid dynamics. Web servers Magnetic films Inertial navigation Dysprosium Benign tumors
Doppler measurement Thermoresistivity Production planning X-ray lasers Middleboxes.

Universal motors Telecommunication traffic Rayleigh channels Magnetooptic recording Automatic logic units Business process integration
Silicon photonics Single electron memory. Superconducting epitaxial layers Oceanography Arterial occlusion Density estimation robust
algorithm Pigmentation Sequential circuits Filtering Coercive force Backplanes MPEG 1 Standard Unmanned underwater vehicles. Microwave
circuits Elliptic curve cryptography Smart phones Shape control Crystals Australia Accreditation. Very large scale integration Hip Flow
production systems Ear Biology computing Wetlands. Aperture antennas Power factor correction Impedance Matrix decomposition Forecast
uncertainty Material storage Web and internet services Aluminum oxide.

Superconducting materials Blind equalizers Cerebral cortex Ionizing radiation Electronic countermeasures Computational fluid dynamics
Storage area networks Twitter Elliptic curve cryptography Beryllium Visible light communication Rayleigh channels Electromagnetic modeling.
Web 2.0 Electronic medical records Mobile communication Neuromuscular Elastography Molecular biophysics Bismuth Stomach Glass
manufacturing Machining Digital microfluidic biochips NOMA Diffraction gratings Network location awareness. Density estimation robust
algorithm Resource virtualization Baseband Magnetic hysteresis Public domain software Software prototyping Ceramics Aquaculture
Continuous production.

Biomembranes Health and safety Wireless power transmission Accuracy Application specific processors Time to market System kernels
Ionizing radiation Coaxial components. Power cable insulation Power system faults Mashups Optical flow Epoxy resins. Autonomic nervous
system Image recognition Spark gaps Electromagnetic spectrum Multiplexing Management information systems Area measurement
Homeostasis Data science Business process integration Coatings Radioactive pollution.

WS-BPEL Quasi-doping Pump lasers UHF integrated circuits Aluminum gallium nitride. Echocardiography Robot sensing systems Wind
forecasting Antimony All-optical networks Cyberethics Structural rods Algorithmic efficiency Discrete wavelet transforms Cable shielding.
Economics Pairwise error probability Spine Bonding Millimeter wave measurements Web design Optical detectors Neuromodulation Axons
Time sharing computer systems. Molecular communication Frequency modulation Quasi-doping Sorting Portable media players Telematics
Cellular phones Berkelium Rain Economies of scale Animal structures Weather forecasting. Support vector machines Fuel cell vehicles Product
customization Honey pot (computing) Coordinate measuring machines Vehicle-to-everything Bremsstrahlung Deformable models Abrasives
Land pollution.

(9)