Contemporary Art Forms and Practices

ASIAN INSTITUTE OF COMPUTER STUDIES (AICS)
MODULE 1: ART AND YOU, I MODULE 4: CONTEMPORARY FILIPINO ARTISTS

Lesson 1: What is Art? ……………………………………………….................................... 2 Lesson 1: Philippines National Artist…………………………………………….………………..31-32
Lesson 2: Visual and Performing Art……………………..…………………………….3-7 Lesson 2: National Artist for Litearature…………………………………..….……………..33-35
Lesson 3: Why do Artist Create art? ……..…………………………………………….……7 Activities and Assessment………………………………………………………....................36
Lesson 4: Why study art?...................................………….…………………………..8-9
Activities and Assessment .………………………………..……………………10-11 MODULE 5: GAWAD SA MANLILIKAHA NG BAYAN AWARD
Lesson 1: National Living Treasure…………………………………………………………………37-39
Lesson 2: Awardee……………………………………………………………………………………………….39-41
MODULE 2: CONTEMPORARY VISUAL ART
Lesson 1: Contemporary Art………………………………………………………………….12-13 Activities and Assessment ………………………………………………………………….42-43
Lesson 2: Painting Theme………………………………………………………………………13-14
Lesson 3: Sculptures……………………..…………………………………..……………………15-17 MODULE 6: OTHER RECOGNITION GIVEN TO FILIPINO VISUAL AND
Lesson 4: Contemporary Art Forn………………………………………………….....18-19 PERFORMING ARTIST
Activities and Assessment………………………………………………………20-21 Lesson 1: The Outstanding Young Men……………………………………………..………….44-45
Lesson 2: Thirteen Artist Award…………………………………………………………………….46-48
MODULE 3: CONTEMPORARY PERFORMING ART Lesson 3: The Gawad para sa Sining…………………………………………………………………..48
Lesson 1: Music ……………........................................................................22-24 Activities and Assessment …………………...……….……………………………….…49-51
Lesson 2: Dance…………………………………………………………………………………….. 25-26 3rd Quarter Project ……………….…………………...……….………………………………52-53
Lesson 3: Theater……………………………………………………………………………………27-28
Activities and Assessment …………….………………...…………………29-30
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ART AND YOU, I

UNIT 1
MODULE At the end of this module, you are expected to:

 Identifying various contemporary art forms and their
1 
practices from the various region
Appreciation of contemporary art forms, found in the
DATE: ____________ various regions by understanding the elements and
principles
I
Why do Artist Create Art?
WHAT IS ART?
Art is a tool for communication. Whether it is a painting or a performance

if it is a venue for one to convey or express a thought, emotions, or aspirations. It is
considered art. Every artwork reflects the artist and his/her society. Art offers us
the chance to learn and understand artists and regions where they belong through
Overview: their works.
Why do people create art? Did you ever stop and reflect why people make
This classification encompasses the different disciplines of the human songs, perform dances, or draw? Art, unlike food and shelter, is not necessary for
culture such as the visual arts, music, theater, film etc. Contemporary art covers a human to live, but what makes us or drives us to create and perform? Why is art so
broad and diverse content that would be difficult to be sufficiently covered in one special to humans? Because Art is one of the earliest and most basic form of
reference. This lesson hopes to be a jumping-off point for the further research and communication. This is seen in the prehistoric visual artworks like the cave drawings
study of the different forms of contemporary art in the country. The lesson in this and other early artifacts. This is also evident in our folk songs and rituals. The visual
unit will discuss the contemporary art forms in the various disciplines of the visual and performing arts are ways for people to express themselves and share their
and performing arts focusing on music, dance, theater, and visual arts. individual insights to others. Through these arts, they catch other people’s
attention, imagination, and admiration.
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SCULPTURE ARCHITECTURE
VISUAL AND PERFORMING ARTS

Art, as mentioned, is the tangible output of creative expression.it is a GRAPHIC ART CALLIGRAPHY
product of human creativity and skill to express oneself. It is represented through
its different forms and disciplines such as literature, culinary arts, media arts, visual
arts and performing arts. Topic will be concentrating to the various contemporary
and performing arts.
A. VISUAL ARTS – Is a term used to describe a wide array of artistic disciplines
that are appreciated primarily through sight. Visual arts include the
different art forms and disciplines such as Fine Arts, Decorative Arts, and
Contemporary Arts.
Fine Arts
Are the artworks we readily associated with art. The term “Fine Art” was
first used to describe the art forms created primarily for its appearance rather than
its practical use. As time passed, this term was used to include artworks that came
about from emerging technology and artistic innovations. The following photos are Decorative Arts
example of fine arts. Known as decorative crafts, are artworks that are both aesthetically
DRAWING PAINTING PRINT pleasing and functional. While the fine arts are primarily concerned with beauty
and aesthetic, the decorative arts were not only beautiful but are useful as well,
from the Renaissance up until the twentieth century, many artists in the West
consider the decorative arts as a lower version of art; makers or these artworks
were not considered as artists but rather as craftsmen. Believe in the outdated
distinction. There are a multiple of examples of decorative arts, most common are
the following picture below.
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TEXTILE ARTS GLASSWARE ASSEMBLAGE COLLAGE
INSTALLATION PERFORMANCE ART

JEWELRY FURNITURE
Contemporary Arts
There are new and unusual art forms that could not be easily categorized DIGITAL ART LAND ART
between the fine arts and the decorative arts. These belongs to the branch of visual
art called Contemporary Art forms include recently conceived art styles and
techniques that are not easily categorized.
The following pictures are included to Contemporary Arts. Contemporary
art is defined as all art works that produced in our present lifetime. These artworks
can be expressed using the traditional art forms.
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CONCEPTUAL ART  TRADITIONAL MUSIC – Are music forms that are community and culturally
based. It is diverse with one community or group often having a different
form from another. it is learned and preserved by passing it to one
generation to another through oral communication and actual
performance.
Dance
Is defined as regulated and deliberated order of body movements. These
movements have aesthetic values and are often performed accompanied with
music. Dance comes in many forms and styles. Some are the following:
BALLET BELLEY DANCE
B. PERFORMANCE ARTS - when artist use their voices and/or their body
movements to communicate artistic expression, this is an example of
performing arts. Performing arts come in many kinds, but all are meant to
be enacted in front of live audience. Performing arts are often categorized
into three types: MUSIC, DANCE AND THEATER.
Music
Music is a universal form of art. It is defined as the manipulation of sound
and silence. It blends the different elements such as pitch, rhythm, dynamics, BREAK DANCE IMPROVITIONAL DANCE
timbre, and texture to create sound. It is performed by utilizing different
instruments, vocal techniques, and styles. It can be performed live or recorded and
can be prepared in advance or Improvised.
Music comes in a variety of music genres, with each genre having its
subcategory.
 ART MUSIC - Art music is a general term often used to describe thoughtfully
cultivated music, particularly in Western societies, and as in contrast to pop
and folk music.
 POPULAR MUSIC - Popular music is music with wide appeal that is typically
distributed to large audiences through the music industry. These forms and
styles can be enjoyed and performed by people with little or no musical
training. It stands in contrast to both art music and traditional or "folk" music.
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HIP-HOP DANCE TRADITIONAL DANCE live audience. The performers make use of gestures, music, song, dance, and
visual arts to help communicate the story in front of the audience.
MIME PUPPETRY
MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY DANCE
TRAGEDY OPERA
Theater
A branch of performing arts that often involves the integration and
combination of the visual and performing arts. It is defined as a fine art where
actors or actresses perform experiences, whether real or imagined, in front of a
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MUSICAL THEATER THREE REASON WHY ARTIST CREATE ART
RECOGNITION – Some artists create art in hopes of gaining

fame and fortune. Some artists use art as their means of
livelihood, as seen with many visual artists, musicians and
television and movie stars. Some artists due to their
reputation and talent, have become not just critically
acclaimed but have earned financial success as well such as Sharon Cuneta, Vilma
Santos and the late King of Comedy Dolphy. Sadly, many artists are not as fortunate
and many struggles to make ends meet. Their source of income depends on who
patronized their art.
WORSHIP - Not all artists create for personal
TRADITIONAL THEATER recognition; some do it to glorify their creator. This
evident in the many religious structures in the ancient
world such as the pyramids, Hindu Temples, and the
temples of the Greek and Romans. Songs were also
created for worship.
IMPLUSE – Some artists
create art because they
are driven by impulse. It is their passion, and nothing
makes them happier than doing their chosen art.
SELF-EXPRESSION – Artists without a

doubt, create art for self-expression.
WHY DO ARTIST CREATE ART? They express and emotions that might
not be adequately expressed through
We make art because there is something inside the creative person that
words. Each artwork reflects everyone’s
needs to get out. The poet, musician, actor, and visual artist all have a desire to
artist’s personality and experiences,
express what they feel and to create something of great value. It is a type of therapy
making each artwork unique.
or a form of meditation. Many do art for the pure joy of it. People create art
primarily as a tool for communication. But throughout history, we can see that
artists create art for reasons other than communication.
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WHY STUDY ART? Everybody is an artist, and everybody is given an equal chance to
We studying and creating art help you to express yourself, enabling you to contribute and participate.
share your ideas and emotions with others while studying art teaches you to Freedom in the technique and the use of mediums, which gives flexibility
distinguish and understand the individuals differences we all have that in part make and opportunity to join in the artistic expression.
us unique. It makes us more sensitive to others. And helps to develop our decision Art makes use of the available resources; it should not be limited by budget
and problem-solving skills. Studying and creating art help us realize that there are constraints.
many ways of dealing and solving obstacles. Such an example of this is when your The creative process is given more importance rather than the finished
teacher would realize that each one would have different design from one another. work, it is because more people are in participation during the process
though there would be similarities, the product would still be essentially different rather than the finished work.
and unique and by realizing this it helps us realize that there are more than one
correct solution to a problem. FILIPINO ART TENDENCIES
Though his studies Prof. DeLeon suggest that there are several
ART AND THE FILIPINO characteristics tendencies seen in Philippine Art. He also relates these tendencies
Filipinos are very social people, and this reflected in their art, more with the communal instinct of the Filipinos.as mentioned Filipinos are social
especially in their traditional art. Though the West does have a great sway on creatures and their art is influences by this, Even if an arthritis has studied and
contemporary art especially with the movements and the techniques: in its heart trained abroad these predisposed characteristics can still be even felt albeit
Philippine Contemporary art is an example of integral arts which is essentially diluted.
communal and unitive in nature. This means that art is often created and conceived Broadest Aspect Technique- Filipinos artworks try to show so many sides of an
by artists with consideration to the society and community they live in. Filipino art object, depicting how Filipinos think it look; like rather than how it is seen.
often gives more importance on how it affects the artist’s society rather than its Therefore, many artists often orient object showing the biggest and the most
impacts on the individual. Filipino arts are often intended to unite the community familiar angle of an object for greater recognition.
and hopes to create cooperative action rather than individual change. Multiple Focal Points- Related with the first tendency, many artists use multiple
According to Prof. Felipe M. De Leon Jr., a professor of art studies and as focal points their composition in efforts to try to represent the sentiments of the
of writing the current chair of the National Commission for Culture and the Arts different members of society.
(NCCA), Filipinos integral art has the following attributes: Highly Expressive- Being born in a very social environment, Filipinos are more
Art Is ingrained with beauty and function. Art is not made for art sake but emphatic, spontaneous, and emotional. this tendency holds especially true for the
is instead made with considerations with other factors such as use, beliefs, performing arts, where Filipinos excel. In the visual arts is carried over though the
ethics, social, spiritual, and environmental concerns. colorful artworks.
It is holistic in nature. A balance should be made between all the other Polychromatic- We Filipinos love colors, decorative arts, and crafts. Therefore,
discipline to achieve the ultimate expression. costumes and festivals are bathed in rich, vibrant spectrum of colors.
Art is a part of our everyday life. It is not considered as a separate activity; Maximalism- Filipino art is inclined to fill up space with forms and ornamentation.
art exist whenever there is human activity. This is said to be rooted in the expressiveness of the Filipinos. A good example of
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the Filipinos proclivity to decorate can be seen in the public transport vehicle, the References:
jeepney. Decorations that range from airbrush portraits to scenic landscapes fill up https://www.slideshare.net/lhengacusan/21st-century-literary-genre
the inside and the exterior of the “dyip.” https://www.liveabout.com/what-is-the-purpose-of-art-
Multifunctional- Creating works that has various uses strengthen the sense of 2578416#:~:text=We%20make%20art%20because%20there,the%20pure%20joy%
community with people of different fascination and requirements. This is one of 20of%20it.
the given reasons as to popularity of mixed media and installation art with many https://www.slideshare.net/PennVillanueva/the-art-of-music-and-dance
contemporary Filipino artists. These installations and mediums are often combined https://www.slideshare.net/TheArtistSocial/why-is-art-important
with indigenous materials and local objects. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_music
Rhythmic Patterns- One of the most recognizable tendencies in Filipino art is the
stylized and measured organization of the patterns and forms. It is almost like the
physical manifestation of the Filipino artist’s psyche. Individually present and
different but inharmonious movement with the rest of the forms.
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_____________________________________________________________
Important Reminders _____________________________________________________________
 Tear this activity sheet and submit on the scheduled date along
____________________________________________________________
with the other activity (ies) the instructor may have asked the students
to do on a separate paper.  How do you know if something is art?
 If you are sending something you’ve done online such as MS presentation
(s), pictures, pdfs and alike as an attachment, then you may send them to my email at _____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________ following this format:
(SECTION_LASTNAME_FIRSTNAME_ACTIVITYNAME or send a digital copy from your
_____________________________________________________________
flash drive together with this activity sheet. _____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
ACTIVITY 1: _____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Is this Art?  What makes good art and bad art?
Instruction: Focus on a picture below and answer the following questions given _______________________________________________________
after the photo. _____________________________________________________________
SHARE YOUR REACTION ABOUT THIS PHOTO: _____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
The Fountain (1917) by Marcel Duchamp

Questions:
 What makes art?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
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ACTIVITY 2: MODULE 1:
Photo Essay ASSESSMENT NO. 1
Instruction: Capture on photo that describes your Art Genre. Art and You
Test I: Instruction: Identify the following according to the statement below.
(2 points each)
__________________________ 1. It blends the different elements such as pitch,
rhythm, dynamics, timbre, and texture to create sound.
__________________________ 2. when artist use their voices and/or their body
movements to communicate artistic expression, this is an example of performing
arts.
__________________________ 3. A branch of performing arts that often involves
the integration and combination of the visual and performing arts.
__________________________ 4. Creating works that has various uses
strengthen the sense of community with people of different fascination and
requirements.
__________________________ 5. It is a term used to describe a wide array of
artistic disciplines that are appreciated primarily through sight.
Test II: Instruction: Put DE if the term is an example of DECORATIVE ARTS and
FA if the term is an example of FINE ART.
_________1. EIFFEL TOWER
_________2. IVORY CARVING
_________3. STATUE OF LIBERTY
_________4. PENDANTS
_________5. CALLIGRAPHY
_________6. MOSAIC
_________7. ANIMATION
_________8. ANTIQUE
_________9. PRINT
_________10. STARY NIGHT
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UNIT 1
CONTEMPORARY VISUAL ARTS

 Identify reasons why people create art
s
2 

Create an artwork following a certain theme
Realize the importance of art in our contemporary lives.
DATE: ____________
What factors of Culture

affects Art? CONTEMPORARY ART
It is referring to the artworks that are a result of the use of new techniques,
technology, and mediums. Contemporary art forms cannot be easily to categorized
between the fine arts and the decorative arts and hence results in different
classification all together. Common example of contemporary visual art forms
includes performance art, installations, digital art, virtual reality, etc.
Fine Art
Overview: Most contemporary visual artists in the Philippines produced works that fall
into the fine arts category. Most of the contemporary art produced in the
This classification encompasses the different disciplines of the human
Philippines are paintings, sculptures, and drawings.
culture such as the visual arts, music, theater, film etc. Contemporary art covers a
 PAINTING AND ILLUSTRATIONS
broad and diverse content that would be difficult to be sufficiently covered in one
reference. This lesson hopes to be a jumping-off point for the further research and
study of the different forms of contemporary art in the country. The lesson in this
unit will discuss the contemporary art forms in the various disciplines of the visual
and performing arts focusing on music, dance, theater, and visual arts.
12
Painting may be defined as a two-dimensional form of art that showcases be seen in the murals of many churches and in paintings.
B. Historical Themes can be seen in the works of Agono Rizal native Carlos
artistic expression created on a flat surface. Images are made by applying pigment
“Botong” V. Francisco (1912-1969) whose masterpiece Filipino Struggles
on a prepared surface using typically one or combination of the following tools:
though History depicts Manila’s historical events. This mural is displayed in
brush. Palette knife. Spray. Fingers etc. There are several media used for painting
Manila City Hall.
and other two-dimensional work. These media are applied on a surface such as
canvas, paper, wood, cardboard, etc.
The beginnings of paintings and illustrations as we know it were the result of
the Spanish colonialization. Early paintings and other fine arts were primarily
religious in nature. It was used to evangelized and spread Christianity throughout
the archipelago. As time passed, paintings and illustrations started to take on more
secular subjects and themes. Contemporary forms of paintings and illustrations
were for the images and drawings for the various publications and textbooks of the
American era.
PAINTING THEMES
Contemporary paintings found in the Philippines range from the academic
style, the artistic style exposed by the European art academies of the 1800s which C. Portraiture paintings are used to commemorate personalities and seen in
promoted the depiction of idealize and classical beauty to that of the stark realism many formal institutions such as government offices.
and abstraction of many modernist and contemporary styles. The themes used are
also varied, the common thematic categories in visual arts are religious, historical,
portraiture, still life, landscapes, nudes, and genres.
A. Religious Themes were the primary subject for the artworks during the
Spanish colonial times. In the present, many religious themed paintings can
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D. Still life is a work of that portrays inanimate objects. It was traditionally in their career have dabbled in nudes including Ben Cesar Legaspi (1917-
composed of a basket or bowl of fruits and flowers in vases on a table. 1994), Batangas abstract artist Romulo Olazo (1935-2015).
E. Landscapes depict the beauty of the outdoors. It can be that of the natural G. Genres are paintings whose themes showcase people doing everyday
environment such as the countryside and other rural scenery. activities and chores. Earliest examples of this type in Philippine history is
the Boxer Codex (1590), which illustrated the different social classes and
attires of the different inhabitants of the country at the time.
F. Nude as a subject of painting in the Philippines, was rare before the

twentieth century but has since been an accepted and popular subject in
the Philippine contemporary visual art. Early contemporary nudes can be Most contemporary artists do not limit themeselves to a particular theme.
seen in works of Fernando Amorsolo (1892-1972) and his characteristic They will experiment and venture to other subjects to better express
“DALAGANG BUKID.” Almost all contemporary artist in one time or another themselves. The same can be said to their styles and techniques.
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 SCULPTURES Contemporary Sculpture in the Philippines can also depict the different
themes used in paintings and drawings. It can also be classified into two styles: the
academic/classical and modern.
CLASSICAL STYLE – follows the aesthetics of the ancient Greeks and Romans as
taught by European art academies.
Sculptures are artworks that are three-dimensional. The classifications of

sculptures are traditionally divided into two namely, free-standing and relief.
Sculptures are made by either adding or subtracting materials: Carving, Molding,
Casting, and Molding. MODERN STYLE – Is often abstracted and is not as particular about the realistic
Free-standing Sculptures – Also known as in the round, are sculptures that are portrayal or representation of figures compared to the classical style.
raised independently in its given space.
Relief – A sculptures that are raise from a background. Depending on the figure’s
distance from the background, it can also classify into bas-relief and high relief.
The contemporary forms that are related to sculptures like mobile and
three-dimensional light-manipulations such as holograms are not easily classified
between free-standing and reliefs and hence are classified in contemporary art
forms. The Philippines has a sculptural tradition dating long before the arrival of
the first colonizers. We have long been casting metal, molding clay, and carving
stone and wood to create various sculptural pieces. The Panalong of the Torogan,
the Maranao Royal House, The Sunduk or grave markers of Badjao,and many
interpretation of the Ifugao Rice God, the Bulul.
During the Spanish Period, the most notable sculpture piece were the During the American colonial period, classical sculptures portrayed
Santos, which were sculptural representations of Christ and Christian saints. Many prominent people of society and politics. This was led by the Bulacan native
of these religious iconographies can be seen in Spanish colonial churches in Guillermo Tolentino (1890-1976) whose sculptural masterpieces include the
Philippines. Like Black Nazarene in Quiapo, the Santo Niño in Cebu, and Our Lady Bonifacio Monument and the Oblation in Up Diliman. Tolentino was a professor at
of Peñafrancia in Naga.
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the said university and mentored other classical style sculptors such as Anastacio
Caedo (1907-1990) and Froilan Madriñan.
Anastacio
Tanchauco Caedo
He is best known
works include the
MacArthur Landing
site in Palo Red
Beach, Leyte.
He was a Batangeño
sculptor artist.
A Paete
DECORATIVE ARTS AND CRAFTS
artist who was a
The decorative arts and crafts of the contemporary times stem from the
master in wood
traditional indigenous crafts found throughout the country. Some of you might
carving named Froilan Madriñan, he was a great influencer to many aspiring artists
of Paete, and mentoring contemporary sculptors like Luisito Ac-ac who is famous wonder why these traditional and indigenous products and process are included in
for his lifelike wooden sculptures and Mario Dayo who is known for his Baraque a discussion about contemporary arts. As defined earlier contemporary art are
style relief mural. artwork produced in the present. Many respected Filipino artist of today such as
One of Guillermo Tolentino’s most well-known students was Napoleon the GAMABA (GAWAD NG MANLILIKHA BAYAN) Awardees expresses their art
Abueva. He is credited to be the pioneer of modern sculpture in the Philippines through these indigenous products. Undoubtedly, these decorative arts and crafts
and is sometimes referred to as the “Father of Modern Sculpture” in the are part of our artistic history and traditions. And these artworks are very
Philippines. important source of inspiration to present and future Filipino artists. Here are some
examples of Contemporary Decorative Arts found in the country.
POTTERY
It is an art and craft of making pots and other
wares using clay or mud. Pottery tradition in the
country has survived for centuries, in early pottery
artifacts have shown the skills and artistry of our
pottery makers. In Vigan, Ilocos Sur the pottery is
still alive with their high-temperature pottery called
“Burnay” it is used as a container for variety of
things like water, salt wine, etc.
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In contemporary times, studio pottery is quite popular. Studio pottery is a of plants and animals called Okis. Popular decorative motifs are the Sarimanok and
handmade one-of-a-kind ceramic that is sought after by collectors. It is come in the Naga.
many forms such
as functional WEAVING
items like It is an art of interlacing threads or
cookware and fibers to create textile, fabric, or other
tableware, but similar products. Philippines textiles are
many present- often made from indigenous plants such as
day ceramic Piña, Abaca, maguey, and cotton.
artists venture in Traditional weaving methods can still be
more sculptural seen in the different towns in the Ilocos
pieces. A notable Region. Many of the Woven products such
artist of studio as blanket called Binakol and Pinilian are
pottery is the brought to Manila and abroad and sold as
UguBigyan of handicrafts.
Tiaong Quezon. His studio in Quezon is a popular tourist attraction to those who
visit the province. His works of pottery art pieces are recognized here and abroad. METALWORK
It is an art of crafting and
CARVING manipulating metal to create various
It is the art of manipulating and creating items such as jewelry, weapons, etc.
objects by subtracting and shaping solid based on archeological records and
material such as wood and stone. Filipinos are recovered artifacts, the Filipinos
excellent carvers; this is perhaps due to long were skilled metalworkers. Metal
history with the art. Many traditional arts and ornaments and jewelry are found in
crafts in the country are products of carving. different regions. These are often
Here are the examples of such time-honored considered as one’s prized
sculptural crafts that are still seen and made possession and passed from one
today. The Ifugao’s rice god or the Bulul is generation to another. it is good that
represented through carved wood and is used many of our traditional decorative arts and crafts are still made today: Demands
as a decorative element throughout their daily from local and foreign patrons have kept it alive. But continuous efforts and
wares. The Muslims of Western Mindanao patronage must be made to make sure these ethnic traditions survive for future
carved geometric patterns and stylized images generations to experience and appreciate.
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CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS larger objects and discards. Assemblages often blur the distinction between
painting and sculpture.
M any contemporary art forms cannot be easily classified and categorized
MOBILE
following the traditional definitions. Some contemporary art forms blur the The mobile is a sculptural that is
distinctions between the disciplines and genres. Some products of new
suspended from the ceiling or a producing
technological advancements and cannot be categorized using the outdated base. It is typically made with several balancing
definitions, hence the need to clarify them under their own heading as
rods dangling in different lengths carrying one
contemporary art forms.
or more elements. This pioneered by the
COLLAGE
American artist Alexander Calder. The mobile
The method of combining printed is ana example of a kinetic sculpture since it is
images with other flat media and pasted on a
moving due to its interaction with the wind.
canvas or board. this contemporary art
Contemporary artists who have created
method first came about in the early 1900s as mobiles includes bronze sculptor and designer
part of the experimentation of the cubist’s Eduardo Castrillo (1942-2016) and premier
Picasso and Braque. They made use of
glass sculptor Ramon Orlina.
cutouts of newspaper that were pasted onto
PERFORMANCE
their paintings. Collages create a great variety It is a mix of visual arts and performing arts. Its early incarnations were the
of texture and color not found in traditional happenings of Dada Movement in the 1916. The medium used in performance art
painting. Contemporary artist Dina Gadia born in Anda, Pangasinan, uses collages is the artist himself and the artwork is the acting and movements of the artist.
to highlight focal interest while creating new results as well as Jonathan Benitez Music and sound are often incorporated in the performance. Words and dialogues
1971, a Palawan-based painter and collage artist born in Ilagan City, Mindanao. He are note given as mush focus compared to the movements. A performance to be
incorporates collages as a discourse on considered it should be done in front of a live audience.
consumerist aims of advertising and INSTALLATION ART
environmental awareness. An art form of contemporary art
ASSEMBLAGE
that involves the arrangement of
Term used by French artist Jean
objects in given space. It is associated
Dubuffet in 1952 to describe a series of with conceptual art and the Dada
artworks made from paper collages, movement installation art is
wood scraps, and other found objects. intentionally designed to be
Although it started with small scale experienced as a temporary work of
pieces, recent development in this art. It incorporates different
contemporary art form has included materials that may include traditional
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sculptural materials such as wood, metal, and different objects as well as References:
technology-based mediums such as light, sound, videos, and digital media among Journey Contemporary Arts of the Philippines Page 15-29
many others. https://www.slideshare.net/NoelBanca/contemporary-philippine-arts-from-the-
Some contemporary Filipino artists who have gained recognition for their regions-93948509
installation are Leeroy New and Aze Ong. Leeroy New hails from General Santos
City. He uses the things around him for inspiration for his different artworks that
range from fashion, sculpture, and the other fields of visual arts. Aze Ong is known
for her trademark crocheted art pieces. Her pieces consist of colorful, organic, and
fluid crochet pieces inspired by her stay with the ethnic group of Talaandigs from
Bukidnon.
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ACTIVITY 2:
Important Reminders
 Tear this activity sheet and submit on the scheduled date along Do the Art!
Instruction: Create an artwork base on the given themes, for every artwork has
to do on a separate paper.
20 points. (80 points)
(s), pictures, pdfs and alike as an attachment, then you may send them to my email at A. Draw a Still life Portrait; you may use and thing around in you as a
____________________________________________ following this format: subject of your artwork.
(SECTION_LASTNAME_FIRSTNAME_ACTIVITYNAME or send a digital copy from your Example photo
flash drive together with this activity sheet. Materials:
Pencil
ACTIVITY 1: Short bond paper
Coloring materials
Essay Writing!
Instruction: Write an essay base on the following statement below. B. Using Perla Soap
 WHY DO ARTIST CREATE ART? create an Art: The
teacher will give a
 REALIZE THE IMPORTANCE OF ART IN OUR CONTEMPORARY
theme for your
LIVES.
Carving ideas.
 WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN VISUAL ARTS AND
PERFORMING ARTS?
Example photo
 HOW DID THE CONTEMPORARY MUSIC DEVELOP IN THE
Materials:
COUNTRY?
Perla soap or any soap
 IDENTIFY THE DEVELOPMENT OF VISUAL CONTEMPORARY
Pencil
ART IN THE PHILIPPINES.
Scissors
Cuticle Pusher
20
C. Create an assemblage using any materials around in your house. MODULE 2:

Materials: Example Photo ASSESSMENT NO. 2
Instruction: Read and identify the following statement below.
Any found materials _____________________1. What theme of paintings are used to commemorate
Glue personalities and seen in many formal institutions such as government offices?
Coloring materials. _____________________2. It is a series of artworks made from paper collages,
wood scraps, and other found objects.
_____________________3. It is referring to the artworks that are a result of the
use of new techniques, technology, and mediums.
________________________4. It is a classical nude painting by Fernando Amorsolo
(1892-1972).
________________________5. It is the Ifugao’s rice god or the ______ is
represented through carved wood and is used as a decorative element throughout
their daily wares.
________________________6. He was a Batangeño sculptor artist, He is best
D. Painting skills use a coffee as a paint for your artwork. known works include the MacArthur Landing site in Palo Red Beach, Leyte.
Theme: NATURE _____________________7. A sculpture that are raised independently in its given
Materials: Example Photo space.
Short bond paper ________________________8. It is an art of interlacing threads or fibers to create
Brush textile, fabric, or other similar products. Philippines textiles are often made from
Mixed Coffee indigenous plants such as Piña, Abaca, maguey, and cotton.
________________________9. He is known as a “Father of Modern Sculpture.”
_____________________10. A painting whose themes showcase people doing
everyday activities and chores.
21
UNIT 1
CONTEMPORARY PERFORMING ARTS

 Understand the evolution of contemporary music and
3 
dance in the Philippines
Present Poem with confidence and preparedness
DATE: ____________
 Differentiate and state examples of the different forms
of music and dance
Why do we excel in the

field of PERFORMING
ARTS? MUSIC
Filipinos love to sing; no celebration is complete without a karaoke or
videoke machine. Contemporary Music in the Philippines is a product of our
indigenous traditions and the colonial influences. Though the country is
geographically located in the East, our music is heavily influenced by the West. This
is no doubt due to being under centuries of the Spanish rule and almost half a
Overview: century under American Control. Before the arrival of the Spaniards, the types of
indigenous music found in the country were instrumental and vocal. Musical
In this lesson we will see the race of the bursting talents of a Filipino, we
are a source of the world class performers. In the diverse field of the performing sounds were created by various instruments such as flutes, shell trumpets, drums,
arts, whether in Music, Dance or Theater, there will always be Filipinos that at least and gongs. Vocals were performed by individuals or as a group.
to our country’s artistic giftedness. Describe performance arts in the Philippine The singing styles different from one ethnic group to another. Though
regions. We will identify the contemporary performance and theatre artists and many types and examples of indigenous music have been lost, there are still several
determine their contribution to the development of performing arts and appreciate local music that exist due to the preservation efforts of many artists and of the
performance and theatre arts guided by the typology of forms by the plan of government. During the Spanish colonization, parallel with the visual arts, the
performance that conveys a message about a particular issue in a dramatic sense. Spaniards promulgated religious music. The different religious orders believed in
the power of music to convert the natives that is why the friars received musical
training in Spain before travelling to the country. These friars in turn taught the
Filipinos music whose pedagogy were based on western musical traditions. This
resulted in music that is a combination of both indigenous and western aesthetics.
22
Musical forms that were born from this period were religious hymns and chants, traditional kundiman made use of old and archaic Tagalog. The melody is
orchestras, bands, and ensembles such as the rondalla, favored musical often smooth, flowing, and gentle rhythm.
instruments in homes during the Spanish colonial times were the piano and the  The Harana is a traditional courtship ritual in the Philippines wherein a
harp. Young ladies were often asked to play these instruments to entertain guests. suitor serenades his object of affection. Almost any love song can be sung
Musical entertainment was also enjoyed during the various stage plays, dances, during the harana, including kundiaman songs. Traditional harana also use
and operas. deep Tagalog words and us used to implore the girl to listen or give
The Americans through the public-school system taught children simple attention such as “Dungawin mo, Hirang” and “O, Ilaw.” The harana is
hymns and Filipino songs rendered in western style or beat. Schools also became a almost always performed by a man while the kundiman can be performed
venue to study other musical instruments such as the cello, violin, etc. these by both genders.
schools produced musicians that would later become leading figures in the BALLAD
development of Filipino contemporary music such as Nicanor Abelardo, Felipe  The Ballad is traditionally a song that narrates an event in a community.
Padilla de Leon, and Francisco Santiago. Unsurprisingly, music that were made There are many examples of traditional ballads throughout the Philippines.
during this time are mostly imitation and assimilation of mainstream western The style varies from region to region and from one ethnic tribe to another.
music, adopting its style and melodic structure. some examples are the Idangdang of Bukidnon. Iiyangkit parang sabil of the
The mid-twentieth century Filipino Music, through still influenced by Tausug, and composo of the Hiligaynon, and for the popular example of the
foreign music, eventually developed a more ‘Filipinized’ flavor using the vernacular traditional ballad would be Yoyoy Villame’s (1932-2007) “Magellan.”
in lyrics and creation of wholly original compositions. This technique of combining CHAMBER MUSIC
western musical form with Filipino sensibilities is the most popular and common  Chamber Music is a form of instrumental music composed by a small
style employed by many contemporary music artists. ensemble wherein each part is played by oe player, as opposed to an
EXAMPLES OF MUSICAL FORMS: orchestra where a part is performed by a group of musicians. Chamber
KUNDIMAN AND HARANA music is usually performed by a group of three to eight musicians.
 The Kundiman is a musical form CHORAL MUSIC
that is a product of Spanish colonization.  Choral Music it is a
Kundiman, like many art songs, is musical composition
performed as a solo vocal composition intended to be
combined with an instrumental performed by a group
accompaniment to achieve musical of a singer cold a
harmony. The kundiman is described as choir. where is
highly emotional and sentimental because arrange accordingly
it expresses personal sorrow. It can be do a voice category
about love or patriotism. The lyrics of the such as a soprano,
Alto, then or, and base. The early choirs in the Philippines perform in
23
churches singing in religious hymns during the mass. This is still practiced choreographers, etc. One type of song found in opera is the Aria which is
today with many churches and religious groups having their own choir song sung in solo that portrays the character's emotional state. The opera
composed of talented volunteers. Schools also have their own choral groups was introduced in the Philippines in the middle of the 1800s. Many Filipino
the perform here and abroad. Perhaps the most well-known school choir in musicians have adapted the form to reflect more contemporary Filipino
the horror group of the University of the Philippines, “the Philippine experiences and tastes. Examples of which are Felipe Padilla’s (1912-1992)
Madrigal singers” or the “Madz.” The mods as one of the most awarded Noli Me Tangere, the first fill-length Filipino opera, and Reynaldo T. Paguio
choral groups in the Philippines and in the whole world. They have been (1935-1999) and Fides Asensio’s (1931) Mayo Bisperas ng Liwanag which
thought and trained by some of the country's best musical composers and was based on short story by Nick Joaquin.
arrangers such as Eudenice Palaruan (1968), Robert Delgado, and Fidel POP MUSIC
Calalaang. Some other well-known and internationally recognize choir  Popular music or pop
groups in the Philippines include the Samiweng Singers of Laog, Ilocos music is used to describe
Norte, The University of Visayas Chorale and the Zamboanga Hermosa music that is readily
Chorale. available to the broad
LITURGICAL MUSIC populace. It is an umbrella
 Liturgical Music are songs term that encompasses a
intended for Christians churches multitude of different
services. Its early form was genres of music such as
inspired by Jewish chants during RnB, rock, hip hop, dance,
their religious rituals. Many etc. Many critics look down on this type of music because some songs gain
musicians have adopted liturgical recognition due to its popularity and rarely for its quality. I saw the
music to reflect contemporary popularity can be manipulated through the account of radio play, marketing
musical styles and forms. Some of hype, and gimmicks of recording companies which of the overshadow a
these artists include national artists Francisco F. Feliciano (1941-2014) As song creative merit.
seen in his work mass of Saint Andrew. Ryan Cayabyab with his work Misa, PROTEST SONG
and other praised and gospel  Are songs that brings to light injustices
songs of Gary Valenciano. and inequality in society. These to inspire
OPERA nationalism and heroism from their
 Opera is combination of listeners. These can come in many musical
both music and theater. it is a forms and genre such as kundiman as seen
song drama that entails in “Bayan Ko” (1928). “Bayan ko” is one of
collaborative efforts of singers, the most popular and recognized example of
dancers, composers, Drama, protest song.
24
mambo, cha-cha, among others. Throughout the Us occupation popular dance

crazes from the Us like the foxtrot, Charleston, boogie woogie, mashed potato, and
the twist soon found their way in the different dance halls in the country.
During the early twentieth century European classical ballet was
introduced to the Filipino audiences as many foreign dance troupes performed in
Manila. Some of these professionally trained classical ballet dances extended their
stay in the country and taught the Filipino ballet. These pioneering Filipino ballet
dancers became the first generation of the Filipino ballet dancers, teachers, and
choreographers. This tradition of passing of skills and knowledge is the basis of the
continuing development of the Philippine contemporary dance. Here are some of
the contemporary dance forms found in the Philippines.
AEROBIC DANCE
DANCE
 It'll be is a dance routine
Dancing, much like music, is very popular in the Philippines. It is a way to
made into exercise
bond and share our talents with the rest of the community. This can be seen on
program, it is usually
how we can easily join in the attest dance craze and post in online. The types and
accompanied by upbeat
forms of dances expresses in the Philippines is quite diverse. The is especially true
pop music. Formal
for the indigenous dances of the Philippines. Indigenous dances in the Philippines
aerobic dance class has
influenced and molded but various factors, such as the experiences and events in
three phases; the forst is
the community as reflected by the war dances of the people of the Mountain
the warm-up, followed
Provinces. It can reflect the group’s values and beliefs like the Samal’s pangalay
by aerobic dance, and capped with cooldown excercises. Over the year,
which is performed slowly intricate poses. Most indigenous dance were performed
there have been many variations of aerobic
as narratives of the community’s daily lives as evident of the different mimetic
dancing, usually dictated by the type of music used.
dances all over the archipelago.
Example of which are jazzercise, aero hip-hop,
With the arrival of the colonizers, the dancing tradition and forms changed.
ballroom dancing, belly dancing, and more recently
Many indigenous ritualistic dances were adapted to be used as vehicles of
the Brazillian. Developed zumba.
veneration to the different figures in Christianity. Social dances during this time
BALLET
were influenced by the trends in Europe. Popular European dances tha we have
 Ballet is both a dance and Theatre art. So
adapted to our own were the pandango, the polka, and the ballroom dance rigodon
deep it is a style and dance technique that follows
de honor which can still seen performed in debuts. The American occupation
strict set of move and performance. Eat was
introduced many dance forms from the west and its colonies. This is also the
originated from the European court spectacles and
beginning of contemporary dance in the country. Though the Americans, the
was later brought to the Philippines by the
Philippines were exposed to the Afro-Cuban dance forms such as the tango, samba,
25
Americans. there are different contemporary reiterations Off the ballet STREET DANCE
form, namely, modern ballet, opera ballet, and folkloric ballet. The modern  Street dance is a
ballet uses traditional ballet techniques and style set 2 contemporary ideas term used to describe
and subjects. It is a type of modern dance that uses contemporary and vernacular dances, or
something experimental attitude towards traditional dance techniques and dances that developed
styles. This type of Valley is not limited to the conference of the stage and organically within a
can be presented outdoors and in other unconventional venues. community. Street dance
FOLK DANCE is danceform that began
 Folk dance is in urban open spaces,
the different such as parks, streets,
dances yards, and night clubs;
performed by Rather than in formal
various cultural dance studios. Early
groups forms of street dance gained popularity during the late 1070’s. these dances
throughout the were improvisational and social in its nature. It encouraged interaction with
country. It the audiences as well as with other dancers. Street dance became more
changes from common in the philippines in the 1980’s coinciding with the popularity of
region and is punk and rap music.Popular street dance moves in the Philippines include
performed by hip-hiop routines such as b-boying (breakdancing), popping, licking, and
nonprofessional roboting. Today this dance form is especially popular with the youth as the
dancers who are members of the said community. It is often performed songs that are used to accompany street dance are often the musical hits of
during rituals, festival, fiestas, and other community celebrations. Under the time and promogated through televison, music videos, and the internet.
the category of folk dances are mimetic dances which are dance movements Due to its popularity this dance form is often adapted as an aerobic exercise
that imitate animals like the Kadal Blelah of the T’boli and he Kinabuwa of in physical education classes, dance studios and gyms. Popular street dance
the Mandaya. Mimetic dances also depict movements that copy communal groups include the Philippine All-star Dance Crew that became twi-time
activities such as planting rice and harvesting. Examples of this type of champion in the world hip-hop dance Chanpionships in 2006 and 2008, the
mimetic dance are the Mananagat of Cebu, which imitates the movements A-team who won the same competition in 2014 and XB Gensan who won
of a fisherman, and the Pangasinense’s Tanobong, which mimic the steps in back to back championships in the 2015 and 2016 Dance2Dance World
making a broom. Some professional dance troupes that specialize in Street dance competition.
showcasing folkdance are the Bayahin Dance Company, Darangan Cultural
Dance Troupe of Marawi, and Tambuli Cultural Troupe of Tawi-tawi.
26
relatable and “Filipinized” theater forms. This soon resulted with the adaptation of
western stage plays in the vernacular with greater consideration to present the
realities of the Filipino life, shich finally evolves in the creation of truly original
Filipino plays.
DIFFERENT CONTEMPORARY THEATER FORMS
ABSURD – It Is a genre of modern play that deliberately exaggerates the events and
situations to emphasizes a point. The characters are often made stereotypes. This
theatrical form originated from the west.
STAGE SHOW – The show or bodabil is a theatrical presentation of various acts and
performances. These performances may be a production of the following: Comedy
skits, Circus acts, Musical and Dance number, Acrobatics, Magic show and the like.
BRECHTIAN THEATER – It is an example of modern theatrical show. It is also
referred to as epic theater, the proposition that the audience should not
emotionally identify with the characters or the action on stage but instead
THEATER stimulate self-reflection and critical analysis of the events unfolding in the play.
Many say that theater is the ultimate art since it is a collaborative art form And it is hoped that after watching the play the audience would recognize the
that combines the various diciplines of art such as literarture, visual arts, music, injustice presented and awaken change in the society.
and dance. As a nation we are known to produce world class theater artists and CHILDREN’S THEATER – Children’s theater are plays that are either performed by
playwrights like Lea Salonga, Audie Gemora, Tony Perez, and Rene Villanueva. This children or by adults for children. In both cases, the primary audience are children.
art form is part of our cultural heritage from the precolonial time up to the present. This type of theater production is intended to educate, inspire, and encourage
The development of contemporary theater arts in the country parallels that of the creativity and value formation.
other performing arts. And like the previous art forms discussed, these influences MELODRAMA – Melodrama is a nonmusical play that is intended to elicit tears and
have been adapted to suit and eflect the current state of Filipino psyche, resulting emotional attachment to the characters. The main characters of these melodramas
in a theater that we can call our own. are often victims of tragedies and suffer cruelty from the people around them but
Indigenous theater came in the form of rituals and was often combined in the end will rise triumphantly. These melodramas are regularly seen on
and accompanied with music and dance. Indigenous theater or rituals were often television.
headed by priest of priestess who leads the community in its ceremonies. These DRAMATIC MONOLOGUE – Is a type of play wherein an individual actor speaks and
rituals are perfomed with musical chanting and accompanied by instrumentation acts out the character’s thoughts and emotions. This one-person performance is
and tribal dances. These rituals may seen all similar to the untrained eye but are often used for the audience to better understand a main character.
actually very specific with different nuances, and movements for each occasion. TULA DULA – Play poem was developed by the University of the Philippines in the
Eventually the Filipinos became more comfortable and confident in 1970’s. It is minimalist in attack wherein a poem is dramatized by the narrator who
theather, artist began experimenting and exploring the possibilities of a more
27
recites the piece, and two or three actors provide the movement and the sound References:
effects. Journey Contemporary Arts of the Philippines Page 33-39
POLITICAL THEATER – It is a form of theater whose intention is to transform of https://www.slideshare.net/mtarrigo/performance-art
improve the current system of the government. Some political dramas are direct https://prezi.com/r8kgtucgywdy/contemporary-theatre/
to point, while other use symbolisms and allegory to air their political views. https://prezi.com/fv-lrzb__iln/contemporary-music/
MUSICAL THEATER – Are plays wherein music is an essential part of the production. https://prezi.com/mqcuxknboibz/contemporary-dance/
This includes traditional Filipino theater such as the sarswela and ritualistic dramas. https://www.slideshare.net/JeremyTorres16/contemporary-performing-arts
With the love of the Filipinos for music, it is not surprising that it is one of the most https://prezi.com/zlft4g7sl_pf/post-modern-theatre-contemporary-performance/
popular forms of theater.
REALISM – It is a type of drama that provides an accurate depiction of a real-life
situation. Tis is achieved through well-developed and authentic portrayal of
characters as well as realistic plot, dialogue, and staging.
28
ACTIVITY 2:
Important Reminders
 Tear this activity sheet and submit on the scheduled date along Kanta-Storya!
Instruction: Make a short scenario from one of a song given below. You need to
indicate the following: character, setting, plot, conflict, and the resolution of the

 If you are sending something you’ve done online such as MS presentation (s), pictures,
story. (50 points)
pdfs and alike as an attachment, then you may send them to my email at
____________________________________________ following this format:
(SECTION_LASTNAME_FIRSTNAME_ACTIVITYNAME or send a digital copy from your
flash drive together with this activity sheet.
ACTIVITY 1:
Song Writing!
Instruction: Write a poem to have a song, pick one of the themes given below
and use it as a focus of your song. (40 POINTS)
 Nature
 Society/Politics
 Realism
 Love
 Dreams
 MGA ILAW SA DAAN by IV of Spades

 BATA DAHAN-DAHAN by IV of Spades
 TAO by Sampaguita
 Tanging Yaman by Carol Banawa
 DI KA SAYANG by Ben&Ben
29
Rubric: MODULE 3:
ASSESSMENT NO. 3
Instruction: Choose the best answer from the given choices. Write the letter of
the answer on the line. (2 POINTS EACH)
______1. Which of the following is not an example of performing arts?
a. AEROBICS
b. CONCERTS
c. MOVIES
d. MUSICALS
______2. This form of Pop Music is often accompanied by classical and acoustic
guitars and is influenced by western artists.
a. BALLAD
b. PINOY FOLK
c. POP ROCK
d. RAP
______3. A dance routine made into exercise program, it is usually accompanied
by upbeat pop music.
a. BALLET
b. AEROBIC DANCE
c. FOLK DANCE
d. STREET DANCE
______4. A nonmusical play that is intended to elicit tears and emotional
attachment to the characters.
a. ABSURD
b. DRAMATIC MONOLOGUE
c. MELODRAMA
d. REALISM
______5. The ultimate art since it is a collaborative art form that combines the
various diciplines of art such as literarture, visual arts, music, and dance.
a. DANCE
b. THEATER
c. MUSIC
d. VISUAL ART
30
UNIT 2 CONTEMPORARY FILIPINO ARTISTS

4  Familiarize themselves with the criteria and procedure
in nominating and awarding a Philippine National Artist
DATE: ____________  Explain the effect and contributions of art and the artist
on development of one’s culture
 Promote the different contemporary artist of the
region.
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL ARTIST

What is the greatest accomplishment you have achieved so far? Chances
What is a National Artist? are these accomplishments were not attained overnight. You had to work hard to
achieve it. And this is true with many of the recognized artists in the Philippines,
especially with the Philippine National Artists. They worked hard and practiced
Overview: their crafts diligently their passion for their art has resulted in works that are
recognized and acclaimed here and abroad. Their creations have inspired others
The learner will independently use his or her understanding of the various and have resulted in a richer Philippine culture.
contemporary arts practices of the regions, so as to appreciate the broad range of PAMBANSANG ALAGAD NG SINING NG PILIPINAS
styles in the various disciplines of art with consideration on their elements and The Pambansang Alagad ng Sining ng Pilipinas or
principles and engage the to an integrative approach in art which will broaden and
the National Artists of the Philippines is the highest
acquire the necessary creative tools to open opportunities in their pursuit of their
recognition the Philippine government can give to a
individual career goals and aspiration. Some artists are acclaimed for their
exemplary and outstanding works. These artists are given awards as recognition person of the arts. The award was created through
for their contribution and enrichment of the Philippine culture and arts. Their Presidential Proclamation No. 1001, s. 1972 to give
bodies of work have become a benchmark and has been influential to other artist recognition and respect to the citizens who have
in developing and honing their craft. In this unit, we will discuss about the highest given outstanding contribution to the Philippines
distinction an artists could ever be given in the Philippines, namely, the Arts.
Pambansang Alagad ng Sining ng Pilipinas or the National Artist of the Philippines The awardees of the prestigious award
and the Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan or the National Living Treasure Award. represented the Philippines’ highest ideals in the
Included as well are brief discussions on the other distinctions a Filipino Artist could field of humanities and the arts. I cover the following categories: architecture and
receive such as the Outstanding young Men (TOYM) Award, the Thirteen Artists the allied arts, dance, film and broadcast arts, literature, music, theater, and visual
Awards, etc. arts. The award is supposed to be given every three years as mandated by the rules
of the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) but there are some
31
circumstances when an award is given the following year or not at all. It is bestowed 4. Artists who have created a substantial and significant body of work and/or
by the president of the Philippines upon the recommendation of the National consistently displayed excellence in the practice of their art form thus enriching
Commission for the Culture and the Arts (NCCA) and the Cultural Center of the artistic expression or style; and
Philippines (CCP). As of writing, the most recent set of awardees were conferred in
2014. 5. Artists who enjoy broad acceptance through:
What is the Order of National Artists? A rank, title, and a wearable award
that represents the highest national recognition given to Filipinos who have distinct • prestigious national and/or international recognition, such as the Gawad CCP
Para sa Sining, CCP Thirteen Artists Award and NCCA Alab ng Haraya;
contributions in the field of arts and letters. The Insignia of the Order of National
Artists composed of a Grand Collar featuring circular links portraying the arts, and
• critical acclaim and/or reviews of their works.
eight- pointed conventionalized sunburst suspended from a sampaguita wreath in
green and white enamel. • respect and esteem from peers.
The Insignia of the Order of National Artists Medallion divided into three
equal portions, red, blue, and white, recalling the Philippine flag. Three stylized Once qualified, the nominations will be studied and reviewed by the NCCA
letter K's the KKK stands for the CPP’s motto: Katotohanan, Kabutihan, kagandahan and CCP. They would then submit their recommendations to the President of the
and First Lady Imelda Marcos, CPP’s founder. Philippines. The President would release a proclamation granting respective rank
HOW DO YOU BECOME A NATIONAL ARTIST? and title to the nominees. The awardees would be conferred in the ceremony
First, an announcement will be made by the NCCA and CCP, acting as the arranged by the NCCA and CCP secretariat.
Order of the National Artists Award Secretariat, for the opening of nominations for
the said Award. Nominees should have the following qualifications: Other than the prestigious recognition, National Artists also receive other
benefits such as:
CRITERIA FOR THE ORDER OF NATIONAL ARTISTS
1. Living artists who are Filipino citizens at the time of nomination, as well as those 1. The rank and title of National Artist, as proclaimed by the President of the
who died after the establishment of the award in 1972 but were Filipino citizens at Philippines.
the time of their death.
2. The insignia of a National Artist and a citation.
2. Artists who, through the content and form of their works, have contributed to
building a Filipino sense of nationhood. 3. A lifetime emolument and material and physical benefits comparable in value
to those received by the highest officers of the land such as:
3. Artists who have pioneered in a mode of creative expression or style, thus
earning distinction, and making an impact on succeeding generations of artists. a. a cash award of One Hundred Thousand Pesos (P100,000.00) net of taxes, for
living awardees.
32
b. a cash award of Seventy-Five Thousand Pesos (P75,000.00) net of taxes, for JOSE GARCIA VILLA National Artist for
posthumous awardees, payable to legal heir/s. Literature (1973) “Art is a miraculous
flirtation with Nothing! Aiming for
c. a monthly life pension, medical and hospitalization benefits. nothing, and landing on the Sun.”-
Doveglion Collected Poems.
d. life insurance coverage for Awardees who are still insurable. August 5, 1908 – February 7, 1997 He is
considered as one of the finest
e. a state funeral and burial at the Libingan ng mga Bayani; contemporary poets regardless of race
or language. Introduced the reversed
f. a place of honor, in line with prolocular precedence, at national state functions, consonance rhyme scheme, including
and recognition at cultural events. the comma poems that made full use of the punctuation mark in an innovative,
poetic way.
NATIONAL ARTISTS FOR LITERATURE He used Doveglion (Dove, Eagle, Lion) as penname, the very characters he
attributed to himself.
NICK JOAQUIN National Artist for
September 13, 1903 –
Literature (1976) “Before 1521 we
May 24, 1970 “Makata ng
could have been anything and
Mangagawa” Amado V.
everything not Filipino; after 1565 we
Hernandez, poet, playwright,
can be nothing but Filipino.” ―Culture
and novelist, is among the
and History, 1988.
Filipino writers who practiced
Written plays, novels, poems, short
“committed art”. His novel
stories and essays including reportage
Mga Ibong Mandaragit, first
and journalism. As a journalist, Nick
written by Hernandez while in
Joaquin uses the name de guerre
prison, is the first Filipino
Quijano de Manila but whether he is writing literature or journalism, fellow
socio- political novel that
National Artist Francisco Arcellana opines that “it is always of the highest skill and
exposes the ills of the society as evident in the agrarian problems of the 50s.
quality”. Among his voluminous works are:
Hernandez’s other works include:
• The Woman Who Had Two Navels
• Bayang Malaya
• A Portrait of the Artist as Filipino
• Isang Dipang Langit
• Manila, My Manila: A History for the Young
• Luha ng Buwaya
• The Ballad of the Five Battles
• Amado V. Hernandez: Tudla at Tudling:
• Rizal in Saga
Katipunan ng mga Nalathalang Tula 1921-1970
• Almanac for Manileños
• Langaw sa Isang Basong Gatas at Iba Pang Kuwento ni Amado V. Hernandez
• Cave and Shadows
• Magkabilang Mukha ng Isang Bagol at Iba Pang Akda ni Amado V. Hernandez.
33
CARLOS P. ROMULO National Artist for ROLANDO S. TINIO National Artist for
Literature (1982). January 14, 1899 – Theatre and Literature (1997), Tinio’s chief
December 15, 1985 Multifaceted career distinction is as a stage director whose
spanned 50 years of public service as original insights into the scripts he handled
educator, soldier, university president, brought forth productions notable for their
journalist and diplomat. It is common visual impact and intellectual cogency.
knowledge that he was the first Asian Subsequently, after staging productions for
president of the United Nations General the Ateneo Experimental Theater (its
Assembly, then Philippine Ambassador to organizer and administrator as well), he
Washington, D.C., and later minister of took on Teatro Pilipino.
foreign affairs. Romulo, in all, wrote and published 18 books, a range of literary His collections of poetry
works which included The United (novel), I Walked with Heroes (autobiography), I • Sitsit sa Kuliglig
Saw the Fall of the Philippines, Mother America, I See the Philippines Rise (war- • Dunung – Dunungan
time memoirs). His other books include his memoirs of his many years’ affiliations • Kristal na Uniberso
with United Nations (UN). Forty Years, A Third World Soldier at the UN The • A Trick of Mirrors
Philippine Presidents - his oral history of his experiences serving all the Philippine N.V.M. GONZALES National Artist for
presidents. Literature (1997). (September 8, 1915 –
November 28, 1999) Nestor Vicente Madali
FRANCISCO ARCELLANA National Artist for Gonzalez, better known as N.V.M. Gonzalez,
Literature (1990) September 6, 1916 – fictionist, essayist, poet, and teacher,
August 1, 2002. Writer, poet, essayist, critic, articulated the Filipino spirit in rural, urban
journalist and teacher, and one of the most landscapes. Among the many recognitions,
important progenitors of the modern he won the First Commonwealth Literary Contest in 1940, received the Republic
Filipino short story in English. He pioneered Cultural Heritage Award in 1960 and the Gawad CCP Para sa Sining in 1990. The
the development of the short story as a awards attest to his triumph in appropriating the English language to express,
lyrical prose-poetic form. reflect and shape Philippine culture and Philippine sensibility.
Arcellana’s published books are
Selected Stories (1962), Poetry and Politics: Major works of N.V.M Gonzalez include the following:
The State of Original Writing in English in • The Winds of April • Seven Hills Away • Children of the Ash-Covered Loam and
the Philippines Today (1977), The Francisco Arcellana Sampler(1990). Some of his Other Stories
short stories are: • The Bamboo Dancers • Look Stranger, on this Island Now • Mindoro and Beyond:
•Frankie • The Man Who Would Be Poe Twenty -One Stories
• Death in a Factory • Lina
• Divided by Two •The Mats
34
LEVI CELERIO National Artist for References:

Literature/Music (1997) (April 30, 1910 Journey Contemporary Arts of the Philippines Page (57-60)
– April 2, 20020) is a prolific lyricist and https://www.slideshare.net/lhengacusan/philippine-national-artists-for-
composer for decades. literature-98664982
He effortlessly https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/the-order-of-national-artists/
translated/wrote anew the lyrics to https://www.slideshare.net/edizerlaqueo/kilalang-pilipino-sa-ibat-ibang-sining-
traditional melodies: “O Maliwanag Na pwr-pnt
Buwan” (Iloko), “Ako ay May Singsing”
(Pampango), “Alibangbang” (Visaya)
among others. Born in Tondo, Celerio received his scholarship at the Academy of
Music in Manila that made it possible for him to join the Manila Symphony
Orchestra, becoming its youngest member.
He made it to the Guinness Book of World Records as the only person able
to make music using just a leaf. Levi Celerio, more importantly, has enriched the
Philippine music for no less than two generations with a treasury of more than
4,000 songs in an idiom that has proven to appeal to all social classes.
35
ACTIVITY 2:
Important Reminders
 Tear this activity sheet and submit on the scheduled date along Essay Writing!
with the other activity (ies) the instructor may have asked the students Instruction: Explain the following. (10 points each)
 As a student how will you identify a National Artist in 21st
Century?
(s), pictures, pdfs and alike as an attachment, then you may send them to my email at
____________________________________________ following this format:  What is the importance of a National Artist in Every Region?
(SECTION_LASTNAME_FIRSTNAME_ACTIVITYNAME or send a digital copy from your MODULE 4:
flash drive together with this activity sheet. ASSESSMENT NO. 4
Instruction: Enumerate the following answer in every statement below.
ACTIVITY 1:
1-6. MATERIAL AND PHYSICAL BENEFITS OF A NATIONAL ARTIST AWARDEE
Compare and Contrast
Instruction: Identify the following significance and difference of the Art form of 7-9. NAME THE NATIONAL ARTISTS OF YEAR 1997
National Artist before and the Contemporary Art Form in 21st Century using a Venn
Diagram. 10-14. CRITERIA FOR THE ORDER OF THE NATIONAL ARTIST
NATIONAL ARTIST 15-20. LIST DOWN THE 6 FAMOUS WORK OF ART BY AMADO VERA HERNANDEZ
CONTEMPORARY
ART FORM
36
GAWAD SA MANLILIKHA NG BAYAN

UNIT 2
(NATIONAL LIVING TREASURES AWARD)
5  Familiarize themselves with the criteria and
procedure in nominating and awarding a GAMABA
DATE: ____________
Awardees
 Explain the effect and contributions of art and the
artist on development of one’s culture
 Promote the different contemporary artist of the
region.
NATIONAL LIVING TREASURES

Who else are recognized In April 1992, the Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan or the National Living
Treasures Award was institutionalized through Republic Act No. 7355. Tasked with
for being vessels of
the administration and implementation of the Award is the National Commission
cultural knowledge?
for Culture and the Arts, the highest policymaking and coordinating body for
culture and the arts of the State. The NCCA, through the Gawad sa Manlilikha ng
Bayan Executive Council, conducts the search for the finest traditional artists of the
Overview: land, adopts a program that will ensure the transfer of their skills to others, and
undertakes measures to promote a genuine appreciation of and instill pride among
It is unfortunate to say that many of our traditional arts and crafts are our people about the genius of the Manlilikha ng Bayan.
disappearing. Even in this fast-paced world we live in, we still need to know and The Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan or the National Living Treasures Award
preserve our heritage. By knowing the arts and culture of our forefathers, we in is conferred on Filipinos who are at the forefront of the practice, preservation, and
turn learn more about ourselves and each other. Some artists are recognized for promotion of the nation’s traditional folk arts. The state’s recognition of such
being vessels of cultural knowledge. They are credited for keeping alive the rich sociocultural contributions was formalized in 1992 through Republic Act No. 7355.
cultural traditions of the Philippines. The Manlilikha ng Bayan Act. The National Commission for the Culture and the Arts
One such way of keeping our traditions ablaze is by honoring those artists oversees its implementation.
who keep the tradition alive by practicing and teaching the younger generation The Main objective of the award is to honor and support traditional folk
about indigenous arts. artists and to see to it that their skills and crafts are preserved. The award is tied
with a program that ensures the transfer of their skills to the nest generation and
the promotion of the craft both locally and internationally. In 2014, the Senate of
the Philippines adopted Senate Resolution No. (SRN) 765 aimed at recognizing the
accomplishments of the country’s living treasures.
37
“NATIONAL LIVING TREASURE EMBLEM” e. Must have transferred and/or willing to transfer to other
members of the community the skills in the traditional and folk
arts for which the community has become nationally known.
f. However, a candidate who, due to age or infirmity, has left
him/her/them incapable of teaching further his/her/their craft,
may still be recognized provided that he/she/they must possess
the qualifications as enumerated above.
Considerations:
 S/he had created a significant body of works and/or has consistently
displayed excellence in the practice of his/her art, thus achieving important
contributions for its development.
 S/he has been instrumental in revitalization of his/her community's artistic
tradition.
 S/he has passed on to other members of the community skills in the folk
art for which the community is traditionally known.
 His/her community has recognized him/her as master and teacher of
his/her craft.
The Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan logo is a stylized representation of the
The Process
human form used in traditional cloth. Below the motif is ‘Manlilikha ng Bayan’
written in ancient Filipino script extensively used throughout the Philippines at the 1. PANEL – To ensure a fair selection of potential awardees, the Gawad sa
time of Western contact in the sixteenth century. Manlilikha ng Bayan Executive Council shall be assisted by an Ad Hoc Panel
To become a Manlilikha ng Bayan, an individual or group candidate must: of Expert consisting of experts in the traditional and folk arts categories.
The names of those selected to become members of the Ad Hoc Panel of
a. Possess a mastery of tools and materials needed for the Expert shall be submitted to the NCCA Board of Commissioners for proper
traditional, folk art and be a maker of works of extraordinary designation. The term of the members shall expire upon completion of the
technical quality. search and selection process.
b. Have consistently produced works of superior quality over 2. Nominations – Nominations can come from the members of the as hoc
significant period. panel experts, the sub commissions on cultural communities and
c. Have engaged in a traditional and folk art which has been in traditional arts, government and private institutions, universities and other
existence and documented for at least fifty (50) years. persons knowledgeable of any of the categories: architecture, maritime
d. Command respect and inspire admiration of the country with his transport, weaving, carving, performing arts, literature, graphic and plastic
character and integrity. arts, ornament, textile and fiber art, pottery, and other artistic expressions
of traditional culture.
38
3. SCREENING – The ad hoc search committees are deployed to various d. The group shall designate its leader who will represent and
priority areas in the country to conduct searchers and document the attend events and functions on behalf of the group. The said
candidate’s art or craft. The ad hoc panel of reviewers reevaluates the representative will also have a place of honor, in line with
qualifications of the candidates and submit their recommendations to the protocol precedence, in state functions, national commemoration
NCCA Board of Commissioners. Once selected, the President of the ceremonies and all other cultural presentations.
Philippines confers the awardees in the public ceremony in Malacañan AWARDEES
Palace. First awarded in 1993 to three outstanding artists in music and poetry, the
For the individual awardee: Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan has its roots in the 1988 National Folk Artists Award
a. The rank and title of Manlilikha ng Bayan, as proclaimed by the organized by the Rotary Club of Makati-Ayala. As a group, these folk and traditional
President of the Philippines in accordance with Executive Order artists reflect the diverse heritage and cultural traditions that transcend their
No. 236 or Honors Code of the Philippines. beginnings to become part of our national character. As Filipinos, they bring age-
b. The GAMABA gold-plated medallion minted by the Bangko old customs, crafts, and ways of living to the attention and appreciation of Filipino
Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) and citation. life. They provide us with a vision of ourselves and of our nation, a vision we might
c. A lifetime emolument and materials and physical benefits be able to realize someday, once we are given the opportunity to be true to
comparable in value to those received by the highest officers of ourselves as these artists have remained truthful to their art.
the land such as: As envisioned under R.A. 7355, “Manlilikha ng Bayan” shall mean a citizen
 A minimum cash award of Two Hundred Thousand Pesos engaged in any traditional art uniquely Filipino whose distinctive skills have
(Php 200,000.00), net of taxes. reached such a high level of technical and artistic excellence and have been passed
 A minimum lifetime personal monthly stipend of Fifty on to and widely practiced by the present generation in his/her community with
Thousand Pesos (Php 50,000.00). the same degree of technical and artistic competence.
 Medical and hospitalization benefits not exceeding Php AWARDEES OF THE GAWAD SA MANLILIKHA NG BAYAN
750,000.00 per year. Ginaw Bilog was a Filipino poet
d. A state funeral, the arrangements for and the expenses of which who was recognized as a National
shall be borne by the Government, upon the death of the Living Treasure by the Philippine
Manlilikha ng Bayan; and government. Bilog was a
e. A place of honor, in line with protocol precedence, in state Hanunuo Mangyan who was a
functions, national commemoration ceremonies and all other native of Mansalay, Oriental
cultural presentations. Mindoro. He was known for his
For the group awardee: efforts in preserving the mangyan
a. The rank and title of Manlilikha ng Bayan, as proclaimed by the poetry tradition of ambahan.
President of the Philippines in accordance with Executive Order
No. 236 or Honors Code of the Philippines.
b. The GAMABA plaque for the group. Birth and Death: January 3, 1953-June 3, 2003
c. A one-time award of Two Hundred Thousand Pesos (Php Category: Artist and Poet (Ambahan)
200,000.00), net of taxes. Place of birth: Panaytayan, Oriental Mindoro
39
Masino Intaray was a Filipino Salinta Monon was a

poet, bard artist, and musician Filipino textile weaver who was
who is a Palawan native known the one of two recipients of the
for his performance of the local National Living Treasures Award in
traditions of basal, kulilal and 1998. She was known for her
bagit. He is also a recipient of Bagobo-Tagabawa textiles and
the National Living Treasure was known as the "last Bagobo
recognition. weaver".
Birth and Death: December 12, 1920- June 4, 2009

Birth and Death: April 10, 1943-November 30, 2013 Category: Weaver (abaca ikat or inabel)
Category: Musician (basal or gong) and epic chanter (kulial and bagit) Place of birth: Bansalan, Davao del Sur
Place of birth: Brooke’s Point, Palawan
Samaon Sulaiman was a Filipino Alonzo Saclag is a Filipino musician
musician who is a recipient of the and dancer who is a recipient of the
National Living Treasure award. National Living Treasures Award.
The Maguindanaon is known for
his mastery of the indigenous Birth: August 4, 1942
kutyapi instrument. Category: Musician, Dancer, and
Birth and Death: March 3, 1953- preservation
May 21,2011 Place of birth: Lubugan, Kalinga
Category: Musician (kudyapi) Province
Place of birth: Mamasapano,
Maguindanao Federico Caballero is a
Filipino epic chanter who is a recipient
Lang Dulay was a Filipino of the National Living Treasures
traditional weaver who was a Award.
recipient of the National Living
Treasures Award. She is credited Birth: December 25, 1938
with preserving her people's Category: Epic chanter (sugidanon)
tradition of weaving T'nalak, a Place of birth: Calinog, iloilo
dyed fabric made from refined
abaca fibre.
40
Uwang Ahadas is a Filipino folk Haja Amina Appi was

musician of the Yakan people who is a recognized as the master mat
recipient of the National Living weaver among the Sama
Treasures Award. indigenous community of Ungos
Birth: February 15, 1945 Matata. She has been called the
Category: Musician (Yakan specifically ¨weaver of rainbows¨ for rather
kulitang, kwitang kayu, gabbang, than the traditional plain-white
agung, and tuntungan) weaves the Sama people make.
Place of birth: Lamitan, Basilan
Birth and Death: June 25, 1925-April 2, 2013

Darhata Sawabi is a weaver of Category: Weaver (Mat)
pis syabit - the traditional cloth Place of birth: Tandubas, Tawi-tawi
tapestry worn as a head
covering by the Tausug of Jolo, Teofilo Garcia an Abra local
from Barangay Parang, started the art of Kattukong or
in the island of Jolo, Sulu Tabungaw hat making from his
province. grandfather Hipolito at the age
Death: March 12, 2005 of 15. He dedicated most of his
Category: Weaving (pis syabit) life working as a farmer to send
Place of birth: Parang, Sulu his five children to school.
Birth: March 27, 1941
Eduardo Mutuc was born in Apalit, Category: Casque maker
Pampanga. From a young (tabungaw)
age, Mutuc learned and became Place of Birth: San Quintin, Abra
skilled in the traditional art of
pinukpuk metalwork. His handicrafts References:
are a staple of many antique stores Journey Contemporary Arts of the Philippines Page 111-113
and churches in Pampanga and https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-profile/gamaba/
Manila. https://prezi.com/rawmmicfppjh/national-living-treasures/
Birth: October 12, 1949 https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/the-order-of-national-artists/
Category: Metalsmith pr metal
sculptor (bronze and silver)
Place of birth: Apalit, Pampanga
41
ACTIVITY 1:
Important Reminders
 Tear this activity sheet and submit on the scheduled date along Valuing!
Instruction: Watch a short video and answer the following questions. (20 points)
search the link:
(s), pictures, pdfs and alike as an attachment, then you may send them to my email at (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_9SDzVNkJhk&insex=1&list=PLoKBUfQhaV
____________________________________________ following this format: mTnBfjpqwSpfegPt025oSx)
(SECTION_LASTNAME_FIRSTNAME_ACTIVITYNAME or send a digital copy from your Questions:
flash drive together with this activity sheet. 1. Did you notice that many of GAMABA awardees came from the South
and the Northern provinces? Why do you think this is?
ACTIVITY 1: __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Infographic! __________________________________________________________________
Instruction: Create an infographic poster or presentation on the process and __________________________________________________________________
criteria of becoming a National Living Treasure. Upload your infographic poster or __________________________________________________________________
presentation on one of your social media. (30 points) __________________________________________________________________
WHAT IS INFOGRAPHIC? __________________________________________________________________
“An infographic is a collection of imagery, charts, and minimal text that gives an 2. Compare the GAMABA awardees and National Artists who came from
easy-to-understand overview of a topic.” Metro Manila. What do you notice?
EXAMPLE OF INFOGRAPHIC: __________________________________________________________________
Rubric: __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Rubric: __________________________________________________________________
Attract attention – 10% __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Easy to understand and has a clear __________________________________________________________________
reading direction – 5% __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Fits the content perfectly – 15% __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Total = 30%
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
42
3. In your own opinion, should the National Artists award and the Living MODULE 5:
National Treasure just be combined? Why or why not? ASSESSMENT NO.5
__________________________________________________________________ Instruction: Identify the following statement. (2 points each)
__________________________________________________________________ 1. His handicrafts are a staple of many antique stores and churches in
__________________________________________________________________ Pampanga and Manila.
__________________________________________________________________ 2. The GAMABA gold-plated medallion minted by the
__________________________________________________________________ ________________________________.
__________________________________________________________________ 3. He was a Filipino poet who was recognized as a National Living Treasure by
__________________________________________________________________ the Philippine government.
__________________________________________________________________ 4. The rank and title of Manlilikha ng Bayan, as proclaimed by the President
__________________________________________________________________ of the Philippines in accordance with Executive Order
__________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________.
__________________________________________________________________ 5. He is a Filipino epic chanter who is a recipient of the National Living
__________________________________________________________________ Treasures Award.
__________________________________________________________________ 6. What is the main objective of the Award?
__________________________________________________________________ 7. Another term for Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan Award?
4. What is the value of awarding/honoring these indigenous artists of the 8. She was a Filipino traditional weaver who was a recipient of the National
Philippines? Living Treasures Award. She is credited with preserving her people's
__________________________________________________________________ tradition of weaving T'nalak, a dyed fabric made from refined abaca fibre.
__________________________________________________________________ 9-11. The 3 process.
__________________________________________________________________ 12. She has been called the ¨weaver of rainbows¨ for rather than the traditional
__________________________________________________________________ plain-white weaves the Sama people make.
__________________________________________________________________ 13-15. Materials and physical benefits of the Individual Awardee.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
43
OTHER RECOGNITIONS GIVEN TO FILIPINO

UNIT 2
VISUAL AND PERFORMING ARTISTS

6 Explain Filipino artist roles and identify their
contribution to contemporary art.
DATE: ____________  Evaluate contemporary art forms based on the
elements and principles
 Value the importance of cooperation, planning, and
preparation to the success of any endeavor. The Outstanding Young Men or TOYM is given to men and women between
ages of 18-40 who have shown selfless dedication to their profession that has
resulted in outstanding contributions to their individual fields and the well-being of
their fellowmen.
Why do we need to
The TOYM Awards was started by the Manila Chapter Jaycees on April 6,
recognize the most notable
1959. The Jaycees stand for the Junior Chamber International Which is a
visual and performing multinational civic organization, the awards were later adopted into a nationwide
artist in our country? project of the organization October later that year.
A foundation was put in 1990 with the help of the Jaycee National Officers
and the former TOYM Awardees to support the annual search. In 1996, the award
was changed to TOYF or The Outstanding Young Filipinos to given equal opportunity
for women even if women gave been recipients of the awards since 1984, in the
Overview: 1999, the name was changed back to TOYM in order to respect the original name
of the award and to emphasize that “men” in the name of the award refers to both
The Order of the National Artists Award and the National Living Treasure genders. Throughout
are the highest recognitions an artist could receive as a Filipino. But there are many its conception, the
other awards an artist could stive for, in fact most of the National Artists were award has become a
recognized by these award-giving bodies before they were awarded the country’s respected and
highest distinction for an artist. converted award. It
In this module we are about to know the some of the most notable and has maintained its
respected award-giving bodies for the visual and performing arts. reputation for its
quality awardees.
44
TOYM VISUAL AND PERFOMING ARTS AWARDEES (1959-2016) 1996 JOVIANNEY EMMANUEL CRUZ MUSIC
YEAR ARTIST CATEGORY 1997 JOSEFINO TOLEDO MUSIC
1959 NAPOLEON ABUEVA SCULPTURE 1999 ALDONSO “COKE” BOLIPATA MUSIC
AURELLO ESTANISLAO MUSIC 2000 JUAN SAJID IMAO SCULPTURE
LEANDRO LOCSIN ARCHITECTURE 2001 EDGARDO JOSE MARTIN VALENCIANO MUSIC
1960 CIRIO SANTIAGO FILM 2002 EDUARDO CALMA ARCHITECTURE
OSCAR YATCO MUSIC ANTONIO “TONY” MAIGUE MUSIC
1961 JOSE JOYA JR. VISUAL ARTS RAFE TOTENGCO FASION DESIGN
GILOPEZ KABAYAO MUSIC 2003 KENNETH COBONPUE INDUSTRIAL DESIGN
1962 BENJAMIN TUPAS MUSIC 2004 GERARD REY LICO ACHITECTURE
1963 MAURO MALANG SANTOS VISUAL ARTS 2004 SHARON CUNETA PANGILINAN FILM
1964 RODOLFO ROGODON VISUAL ARTS 2005 BEETHOVEN “MICHAEL V” BUNAGAN BROADCAST ART
1966 REYNALDO REYES MUSIC 2006 MICHAEL ALLEN CACNIO SCULPTURE
1967 ROLANDO TINIO THEATER 2009 RAYMUND JOSEPH “RAJO” TEVES FASHION DESIGN
1968 ABDUL IMARI IMAO ARTS AND CULTURE LAUREL
1971 EDUARDO CASTRILLO SCULPTURE 2010 MARIA RACHELLE GERODIAS MUSIC
1972 MANUEL DULDULAO VISUAL ARTS BEATRICE “BEA” VALDAS FASHION DESIGN
1974 JOSE MARI CHAN MUSIC 2011 GERARD SALONGA MUSIC
1975 LINO BROCKA FIL 2012 ALLAN LINDO “ALP.DE.AP” PINEDA JR. MUSIC
1978 RYAN CAYABYAB MUSIC 2015 SOFRONIO FORTICH JR. MUSIC
1979 RAUL ISIDRO VISUAL ARTS 2016 SATURNINO TIAMSON ARTS AND MUSIC
1984 PACITA ABAD VISUAL ARTS JHETT TOLENTINO THEATER ARTS
1986 RAUL SUNICO MUSIC The Outstanding Filipino (TOFIL)
1987 CECILIE LICAD MUSIC A counterpart of the TOYM is The Outstanding Filipino or TOFIL Award.
1988 JOSEPHINE CARMEN BARREDO THEATER AND DANCE The Following is the set of qualifications to be nominated for the award:
1989 JOSE INIGO HOMER AYALA MUSIC  Filipino citizen (Natural-born, Naturalized citizen, or being
RENE VILLANUEVA THEATER dual citizenship)
1990 LEA SALONGA MUSIC AND THEATER  At least forty-one years old
1991 CESAR AUGUSTO SYJUCO VISUAL ARTS  Has good moral character
1992 NICOLAS ARMADA DEOCAMPO FILM  Has made noteworthy contributions to his/her profession or
1994 GARCE NONO AVES MUSIC to the development of the nation.
1995 LISA ELIZALDE DANCE
CARLOS SIGUION-REYNA FILM
45
TOFIL VISUAL AND PERFORMING ARTS AWARDEES (1989-2012) nominations of different art council and organizations in the Philippines. This has
YEAR ARTIST CATEGORY made the set of awardees a better representation of the different contemporry art
1989 LUCRECIA KASILAG MUSIC forms present in the country.
1990 ZENAIDA M. AMADOR THEATER Awardees have their work displayed in the Bulwagang Juan Luna, which is
1992 JOSE T. JOYA VISUAL ARTS the CCP Main Gallery, as well as cash prizes and throphy.
1994 DIONISIO S. SALAZAR LITERATURE OF QUALIFICATION FOR THIRTEEN ARTIST AWARDS
THEATER  A Filipino citizen less than forty years old
1995 ALFREDO S. BUENAVENTURA MUSIC  Artworks must be relevant to the present situations
1996 ONOFRE R. PANGSANGHAN THEATER OR  Work must be presented in a form of contemporary art
EDUCATION  Work must be evident or integrity, uniqueness, and thought-
1997 ANDREA VENERACION MUSIC provoking ideas
2004 FRANCISCO MANOSA ARCHITECTURE
 Artists must have been continously producing artwoks as
2005 BEN FARRALES FASHION DESIGN
documented through solo and group exhibitions
2006 RAMON ORLINA SCULPTURE
 The artist shoulf be nominated by one of the following people
2008 RUSTICA CARPIO FILM OR THEATER
MARY PLACID LORNA C. ABEJO, O.S.B MUSIC or organizations:
2010 SHIRLEY HALILI-CRUZ DANCE a. Art council
2012 JOSE F. DATUIN SCULPTURE b. Art groups
c. Heads or deans of art schools
d. Museum or gallery curators
Thirteen Artists Awards (TAA) e. Art critics
Started 1070 by the Cultural Center of the Philippines, the Thirteen Artists
f. Former TAA awardees.
Awards was created to motivate upcoming generations of visual artists. The name
1970
of the award was coined by the CCP directoe Roberto Chabet who likened the initial Noel Manalo Ray Albano Angelito Antonio Virgilio Aviado
set of awardees to the 13th moderns who pionnered the modenist movement in Ben Maramag Eduardo Castrillo Benedicto Restituto
the Philippines. The recepients of the awards are varied and offer no standard Cabrera Embuscado
template, klike that of the constantly chnaging and envolving face of art in the Manuel Rodriguez Marciano Galang Lamberto Jaime De Guzman
Philippines, awardees were often avant-garde in their concept and experimental Jr. Hechenova
with their work that their collections were given evry 2 years but later changed to Antonio Austria
every 3 years in 2009. This change was made to better see the progression of art 1972
styles and trends and how artist tackle and answer artistic challenges. Joe Bautista Danilo Dalena Paul Dumol Rodolfo Gan
The selection process has also changed. At first, the selection of artist were Alfredo Liongoren Johnny Manahan Sofronio Ofelia Galvzon-
made by the CCP visual director, but as of 1988 the selection is processed through Mendoza Tequi
46
Justin Nuyda Romulo Olazo Mario Parial Ibarra Dele Rosa Edgar Talusan
Alan Rivera Fernandez
1974 1992
Dindo Angeles Yolanda Perez- Feliz Padilla Jr. Manuel Soriano Paz Abad SAntos Fil Delacruz Willy Magtibay Lazaro Soriano
Johnson Nunelucio Brenda Fajardo Onib Olmeda Cesare Syjuco
Glenn Bautista Efren Lopez Tony Perez Boldy Tapales Alvarado
Ely Gajo Fernando Rodolfo Samonte Nestor Vinluan Manuel Baldemor Tommy Hafalia Soler Santos Sandra Torrijos
Modesto
Nap Jamir II
Roberto Villenuva
1976 1994
Amable Aguiluz VI Huge Bartolome Ileana Lee Judy Freya Elmer Borlogan Antonio Leano Alewin Reamilo Edwin Wilwayco
Sibayan Noel Cuizon Mark Justiniano Arlene Villayer Jonathan Olazo
Gus Albor Litz Nievera Impy Pilapil Herminigildo Francesca Ferdinand
Benipayo Tecson Enriquez Montemayor
Genera Banzon Santiago Bose Eva Toledo Rivera Lao Lianben 2000
Susan Dela Rosa- Katti Sta. Ana Bernardo Emmanuel Ronald Achacoso
Aragon Pacquing Jr. Garibay
1978 Jose John Santos Neil Manalo Karen Ocampo Juan Alczaren
Mercy Acosta Benjie Cabangis Ginny Dandan Lani Maestro III Flores
Mariano Del Jacinto Sotto Phyllis Zaballero John Frank Leo Gerardo Alfredo Esquillo Sari Raissa Lluch
Rosario Sabado Leonardo Jr. Dalena
1980 Claro Ramirez Jr.
Luis “Junyee” Yee Nelfa Queribin CEs Avancena Roderico Jose 2003
Daroy Leonardo Kiko Escora GEraldin Javier Ronald Ventura
1988 Aguinaldo
Agnes Arellano Roberto Faleo Peter de Guzman Pardo De Leon Andres Nona Garcia Ronaldo Ruiz Reg Yuson
Dan Raralio Popo San Pascual Jose Tence Ruiz Gerardo Tan Barrioquinto
1990 Ringo Bunoan Dennis Gonzales Wire Tuazon Eric Zamuco
Norberto Carating Leonilo Doloricon Renato Habulan Pablo Baen Mideo Cruz
Santos
Charli Co Imelda Calipe- Sid Gomez Jean Marie 2006
Endaya Hildawa Syjiuco Poklong Anading Daniel Coquilla Eugene Jarque Yasmin Sison-
Julie Lluch Dalena Antipas Delotavo R.M. De Leon Roy Veneracion Ching
47
Jeho Bitancor Loie Cordero Jayson Oliveria Mac Valdezco to Hubertus Kuhne for Cultural administration. It was then given annually until
Mariano Ching Lyra Garcellano Gary Ross Jevijoe Vitug 1994. After 1994 the awards have been given every three years.
Pastrana The Award recognizes artist of the following art form: visual arts, music,
Lena Cobangbang dance, theater, film, literature, broadcast art, technical theater, and production
2009 design, and it has three categories.
Buen Calubayan Kawayan De Guia Raya Martin Jaypee Samson CATEGORY A
Christina Dy Winner Jumalon Iggy Rodriguez Pamela Yan- •it is given to the artist or groups of artist that have continously produced high
Santos quality work.
Don Djerassi Raquel De Loyola Don Salubaybay MM yu CATEGORY B
Damacio
•This category is given to artist or a group of artist that have mafe great
Patricia Eustaquio contributions to the development of their art and craft in every region.
2013 CATEGORY C
Joey Cobcobo Robert Leeroy New Mark Salvatus •This category recognizes people and cultural workers who have contributed to
Langenegger the cultural development of art in country.
Marina Cruz Michael Munoz Kaloy Olavides Rodel Tapaya
Kiri Lluch Dalena Wawi Navarroza Renan Ortiz Constantino Also given during the awarding ceremony is the Tanging Parangal ng CCP
Zicarelli which is given to a person or a group for their contrbution ans efforts that have
Riel Hilario made important and positive change to the Philippine art. Many of the past
2015 awardees of the Gawad CCP Para sa Sining would later become recognized as
Buen Abrigo Vermont Coronel Nikki Luna Mark Valenzuela Philippine Naional Artists, such as Arturo Luz, Cesar Legaspi. Jose Joya, Wilfrido Ma.
Martha Atienza Dexter Fernandez Hanna Pettyjohn Alvin Zafra Guerrero, Daisy Hontiveros Avellana, F.Sionil Jose, N.V.M. Gonzalez, Andrea
Zean Bajar Mark Andy Garcia Mervy Pueblo Jeona Zoleta Veneracion, Jose Meceda, Levi Celerio, Ishamael Bernal, Lino Brocka, and Eddie
Cabangis Romero.
Ernest References:
Conception Journey Contemporary Arts of the Philippines Page 130-134
https://artbooks.ph/products/gawad-ccp-para-sa-sining-2015
THE GAWAD PARA SA SINING http://toymphilippines.blogspot.com/2009/07/list-of-toym-awardees-1959-
The highest award given by the Cultural Center of the Philippines, the 2008_6165.html
Gawad CCP Para Sa Sining is given to outstanding Filipino artists and cultural https://www.slideshare.net/MarilouCamacho2/national-artists-77291539
workers who have consistently produced distinct works that enrich the https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/the-order-of-national-artists/
development of their particular art form. It was first given posthumously in 1877 https://www.travelweekly.com.au/article/taa-announces-finalists-for-2019-
awards-for-excellence/
48
MODULE 6:
Important Reminders ASSESSMENT NO. 6
 Tear this activity sheet and submit on the scheduled date along Instruction: Choose the best answer from the given choices. Write the letter of
the answer on the line. (2 POINTS EACH)
______1. The National Artist Award is also known as:
(s), pictures, pdfs and alike as an attachment, then you may send them to my email at
a. Pambansang Tagataguyod ng Pilipinong Sining
____________________________________________ following this format: b. Pambansang Alagad ng Sining ng Pilipinas
(SECTION_LASTNAME_FIRSTNAME_ACTIVITYNAME or send a digital copy from your c. Pambansang Artista ng Sining ng Pilipinas
flash drive together with this activity sheet. d. Pambansang Pagkaloob sa Alagad ng Sining
______2. The National Living Treasure Award us also known as:
ACTIVITY 1: a. Gawad sa Buhay ng Kayamanan ng Bayan
I Nominate! b. Gawad sa Kayamanang Manlilikha ng Bayan
c. Gawad sa Mangagawan ng Bayan
Instruction: If you were to nominate artists for the Gawad CCP Para sa Sining, who d. Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan
will they? Nominate one artist for each of the following categories. Provide
______3. The National Living Treasure Award was created through which Republic
appropriate reasons and evidence for your choices. (60 POINTS)
Act?
 VISUAL ARTS
a. RA No. 5753
 ARCHITECTURE
b. RA No. 3577
 DANCE
c. RA No. 7355
 THEATER
 FILM OR BROADCAST ART d. RA No. 7553
 MUSIC ______4. The National Artists Award was made possible through which Presidential
Proclamation?
ACTIVITY 2: a. Presidential Proclamation No. 1001
b. Presidential Proclamation No. 1010
I Nominate! c. Presidential Proclamation No. 1100
Instruction: Nominate your own TOFIL awardee for the following categories. Then d. Presidential Proclamation No. 1101
explain why you believe these people should be nominated. Give appropriate ______5. The National Artist Award has been given to artists from the different
reasons and evidence for your choice. fields of art except for:
 MUSIC a. Broadcast Arts
 FASHION DESIGN b. Fashion Design
 VISUAL ARTS c. Industrial Design
 DANCE d. Literature
 FILM OR THEATER
49
______6. The following government agencies take part in the selection of the ______12. At Present, how often is the National Artists awards given?
National Artist nominees except for: a. Every year
a. National Commission for the Culture and the Arts b. Every two years
b. Cultural Center of the Philippines c. Every three years
c. Office of the President d. Every four years
d. Commission on Indigenous Peoples ______13. Which of the following is not a qualification to become a nominee for
______7. Which of the following can be a caused of disqualification for being the National Living Treasure Award?
nominated as a National Artists? a. He/she should be a Filipino citizen
a. The artist is based in another country b. He/she should be documented to be practicing the craft for at least 30
b. The artist died before the nomination years.
c. The artist is below 18 years old c. He/she should be recognized as a master of the craft
d. The artist is panned by art critics d. His/ her outputs should be artistic and of excellent quality.
______8. The following are National Artist for Visual Arts except for: ______14. Which of the following is not a National Living Treasure awardee?
a. Fernando Amorsolo a. Abdulmari Imao
b. Juan Luna b. Darhata Sawabi
c. Vincent Manansala c. Eduardo Mutuc
d. Victoria Edades d. Ginaw Bilog
______9. The following are National Artist for Literature except for: ______15. Which of the following Living National Artist is known for his tabungaw?
a. Ernani J. Cuenco a. Alonzo Saclag
b. Jose Garcia Villa b. Federico Caballero
c. Levi Celerio c. Masino Intaray
d. Rolando S. Tinio d. Teofilo Garcia
______10. The following are National Artist for Music except for: ______16. Which of the following is an indigenous percussion instrument?
a. Andrea Veneracion a. Gangsa
b. Leonor O. Goquinco b. Kudyapi
c. Levi Celerio c. Babarak
d. Lucrecia R. Kasilag d. Inbal
______11. The following are National Artists for Dance except for: ______17. Which of the following statement is not true about the TOYM?
a. Francisca Reyes-Aquino a. It is only given to men and women in the fields of arts.
b. Antonio J. Molina b. It is only given to men and women from 18-40 years old.
c. Lamberto V. Avellana c. It was started by the Jaycees in 1959
d. Lucrecia R. Urtula d. TOYM stands for “Ten Outstanding Young Men”
50
______18. Which of the following is not an awardee of the TOYM?

a. Gary Valenciano
b. Lea Salonga
c. Nora Aunor
d. Sharon Cuneta
______19. Which of the following is not a qualification to be a nominee for the
Thirteen Artists Award?
a. Artist must be a Filipino citezen less than 45 years of age.
b. Artist should create works of integrity, uniqeness, and thought-provoking
ideas
c. Artist should create works presented in a form of contemporary art
d. Artist should create works relevant to the current situations
______20. Which of the following is not true about the Gawad CCP Para sa Sining?
a. It can be given to an individual or group og artist
b. It can be given to nonatist
c. It is a recognition given to artists of the following art forms, film, dance,
theater, music, and literature.
d. It is given to artists who are still alive at the same time of nomination.
51
PROJECT INSTRUCTIONS: 4. Each part of the words is explicitly and clearly to

understand by the readers.
5. The dictionary is described in sufficient details that if
WHAT IS THE PROJECT ABOUT? they were given to another student, this person could
produce the word and achieve a product similar to the
PANORAMA/MURAL make a large mural type of illustration on any type of one originally envisioned.
recycled paper. To describe the CONTEMPORARY ART in 21 st Century 6. The documents are submitted in a professional
manner. The pages are bound together, numbered,
and organized; the names of the author(s) is clearly
1. PROJECT: PANORAMA/MURAL indicated; the words is either typed or hand-written in
2. Your panorama should be show the Contemporary Art Form. clear penmanship.
3. The student may use a recycled material such us used paper, magazine
newspaper and etc. TOTAL POINTS
4. The size of your mural is depending on your teacher said.
5. Think of your mural title. B. FINAL VIDEO (OUTPUT) – 70 POINTS 5 4 3 2 1 0
6. Provide any other information that has been agreed upon for each entry. 1. Accuracy
7. Any forms of cheating are prohibited and punishable by 3 - 5 days’ suspension and - All of the information provided in the dictionary is
correct, as verified by trusted sources of information
invalidation of your final exam results and project grades as stipulated in the Senior (these sources must be listed in the citations at the
High School Policies and Standard Operating Procedures for Students. A committee glossary).
or the subject instructor himself should investigate and deal with the said 2. Academic Rigor
misdemeanor accordingly. - The authors of the dictionary show good grasp of the
8. Your output will be graded based on this rubric. information. There is evidence of depth of research and
readers learn a reasonable amount of new information
5 – Excellence 4 – Good 3 – Fair or Average by reading the dictionary. The information is
challenging to peers but not incomprehensible.
2 – Poor or Needs Improvement (s) 1 – Very Poor 0 – Not Observed
3. Clarity
- Information is communicated clearly and logically and
CRITERIA 5 4 3 2 1 0 is disclosed progressively to build on the previous
A. PLANNING TOOLS (Script and Storyboard) – 30 POINTS foundation and provide a richer understanding. The
1. Planning documents show evidence of extensive organization of the words is coherent and flows from
research that give students a good grasp of the topic. one part to the next into a seamless narrative.
If students were examined on this topic, they would 4. Ability to Engage the Viewer
pass the test. - The Dictionary is interesting to read. It elicits curiosity
2. The Dictionary provides an information in every and a desire to know more. The video shows evidence
vocabulary words. of creative and original thinking in presenting the
3. The Project are neat and designed based on the information.
student creativity 5. Completeness
52
- The dictionary meets the following submission criteria

(instructors may wish to indicate the weight of each
element on the final grade): a) Submitted by the
deadline, b) Submitted in the expected format, c)
Complies with 50 words length in every regions.
(instructors may wish to list the ones required for their
assignment, such as including a vocabulary words,
interviews, citations, etc.)
6. Content and Design
- Written clearly. The design does not detract by the
text written on your paper.
7. Relevant Visuals
- Include subheadings or tag lines to emphasize new
vocabulary or to introduce someone. Avoids distractors
such as fancy transitions, tangents, and
overstimulation.
TOTAL POINTS X2
FINAL GRADE:
Source: http://static.nsta.org/connections/college/201601CaseStudyFigures1-4.pdf
SUGGESTED COMPUTATIONS:
PLANNING TOOLS: 24 / 30, let’s assume the student(s) got 4 points for each criterion.
FINAL VIDEO OUTPUT: 28 x 2 = 56 / 70, let’s assume the student(s) got 4 points for each
criterion.
TOTAL SCORE: 24 + 56 = 80 / 100
(80 / 100 * 50) + 50
= 90, this should reflect on the final grade.
53

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ASIAN INSTITUTE OF COMPUTER STUDIES (AICS)

MODULE 1: ART AND YOU, I MODULE 4: CONTEMPORARY FILIPINO ARTISTS

ART AND YOU, I

MODULE At the end of this module, you are expected to:

Art is a tool for communication. Whether it is a painting or a performance

VISUAL AND PERFORMING ARTS

TEXTILE ARTS GLASSWARE ASSEMBLAGE COLLAGE

INSTALLATION PERFORMANCE ART

MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY DANCE

MUSICAL THEATER THREE REASON WHY ARTIST CREATE ART

RECOGNITION – Some artists create art in hopes of gaining

SELF-EXPRESSION – Artists without a

The Fountain (1917) by Marcel Duchamp

MODULE At the end of this module, you are expected to:

What factors of Culture

F. Nude as a subject of painting in the Philippines, was rare before the

Sculptures are artworks that are three-dimensional. The classifications of

C. Create an assemblage using any materials around in your house. MODULE 2:

MODULE At the end of this module, you are expected to:

Why do we excel in the

mambo, cha-cha, among others. Throughout the Us occupation popular dance

 MGA ILAW SA DAAN by IV of Spades

UNIT 2 CONTEMPORARY FILIPINO ARTISTS

PHILIPPINE NATIONAL ARTIST

LEVI CELERIO National Artist for References:

GAWAD SA MANLILIKHA NG BAYAN

NATIONAL LIVING TREASURES

Masino Intaray was a Filipino Salinta Monon was a

Birth and Death: December 12, 1920- June 4, 2009

Uwang Ahadas is a Filipino folk Haja Amina Appi was

Birth and Death: June 25, 1925-April 2, 2013

OTHER RECOGNITIONS GIVEN TO FILIPINO

______18. Which of the following is not an awardee of the TOYM?

PROJECT INSTRUCTIONS: 4. Each part of the words is explicitly and clearly to

- The dictionary meets the following submission criteria

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