1. how does the surface area or particle size affect the reaction rate?

- Surface area surely affects the rate of a reaction . Greater the surface are greater
is the rate of reaction. In a reaction some bonds break and some new bonds are
formed. Thus for this breakage and formation larger surface area of the reactant
will trigger the rate of the reaction. It will provide surface for the reaction to take
place and thus speeds up the reaction. The surface area of solid reactants is
increased by cutting the reactant into pieces or grinding it.! An example in daily
life is that powdered sugar dissolves faster in water than crystals of sugar!
Thus more surface area increases the rate of a reaction!

2. using a venn diagram choose one source of renewable energy and one source
of non-renewable energy and compare their advantages and disadvantages.

- Renewable Energy - Solar energy. Wind energy. Hydro energy. Tidal energy.
Non-Renewable Energy - oil, natural gas, coal, and nuclear energy

Renewable Energy Non-Renewable Energy

Advantages Advantages

Renewable energy won't run out. Non-renewable sources are cheap

and easy to use. ...
Maintenance requirements are
lower. You can use small amount of
nuclear energy to produce large
Renewables save money. amount of power.

Renewable energy has numerous Non-renewable have little or no

health and environmental benefits. competition at all. ...

Renewables lower reliance on They are considered as cheap when

foreign energy sources. converting from one type of energy
to another.
Disadvantages
Disadvantages
The Electricity Generation
Capacity is Still Not Large It produces greenhouse gases.
Enough.
Its by products cause damage to the
Renewable Energy Can be environment.
Unreliable.
 Once exhausted they are not easily
Low-efficiency Levels. replenished.

Requires a Huge Upfront Capital Rising cost.

Outlay.
Its residual products are generally
Takes a Lot of Space to Install.. non-biodegradable.

Expensive Storage Costs. Its products pose potential threat to

human health.
Not Always a Commercially-viable
Option.

3. what are the disadvantages of fossil fuels?

- Disadvantages of fossil fuels

● It contributes to the climate change
● Fossil fuels are non-renewal
● There is no safe amount of fossil fuel use because any burning of fossil
fuels in power plants (or from cars) leads to CO2 release and air pollution.
● Fossil fuels have led to extreme accidents over the years, including
pipeline leaks, exploding drilling platforms, and the dumping of millions of
gallons of oil into the ocean.

4. what is a catalyst? how does it affect the reaction rate?

- Catalysts are substances that increase reaction rate by lowering the activation
energy needed for the reaction to occur. A catalyst is not destroyed or changed
during a reaction, so it can be used again.

5. list down four possible reasons why percent yield is usually less than 100%

- Percent yield is the percent ratio of actual yield to the theoretical yield. It is
calculated to be the experimental yield divided by theoretical yield multiplied by
100%. If the actual and theoretical yield ​are the same, the percent yield is 100%.
Usually, percent yield is lower than 100% because :
1. The actual yield is often less than the theoretical value.
2. Incomplete reactions, in which some of the reactants do not react to form the
product.
3. Practical losses during the experiment, such as during pouring or filtering.
4. Side reactions (unwanted reactions that compete with the desired reaction).