Lesson 1:

What i know:

1.A
2.A
3.D
4.C
5.C
6.C
7.C
8.D
9.D
10.C
11.D
12.B
13.C
14.C
15.B

A.1.1.1

A.

1.Hydrogen
2.Fusion
3.Big bang
4.Massive
5.Gravity

B.

1.Hydrogen
2.Fusion
3.Bigbang
4.Massive
5.Gravity

A.1.1.2.
1.The major finding of Anna Frebel and Timothy Beers in their 2018 study was that
heaviest elements may not formed from explosions but from neutron star mergers.

2.Engaging young students with exciting material and experiences motivates them to
learn and pursue the sciences throughout school. ... Teaching technological literacy,
critical thinking and problem-solving through science education gives students the skills
and knowledge they need to succeed in school and beyond.

3.ᴛʜᴇʀᴇ ᴡɪʟʟ ʙᴇ ɴᴏ ᴇʟᴇᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴛᴏ sʜᴏᴡɴ

Some of the heavier elements in the periodic table are created when pairs of neutron
stars collide cataclysmically and explode, researchers have shown for the first time.
Light elements like hydrogen and helium formed during the big bang, and those up to
iron are made by fusion in the cores of stars.

Activity 1.1.4.

1.Bigbang nucleosynthesis
2.Yes
3.Yes

Activity 1.1.5

Title of the Article: The Origin of Elements Date of the Article's Publication:

The hydrogen in your body, present in Aug 9, 2000

every molecule of water, came from the
Big Bang. There are no other appreciable
sources of hydrogen in the universe. The
carbon in your body was made by nuclear
fusion in the interior of stars, as was the
oxygen. Much of the iron in your body was
made during supernovas of stars that
occurred long ago and far away. The gold
in your jewelry was likely made from
neutron stars during collisions that may
have been visible as short-duration
gamma-ray bursts or gravitational wave
events. Elements like phosphorus and
copper are present in our bodies in only
 small amounts but are essential to the
functioning of all known life. The featured
periodic table is color coded to indicate
humanity's best guess as to the nuclear
origin of all known elements. The sites of
nuclear creation of some elements, such
as copper, are not really well known and
are continuing topics of observational and
computational research.

Reference/s:Determining where the Score:

elements of the periodic table come from
has taken decades of interdisciplinary
research in astronomy, chemistry, and /10
nuclear physics.
author imageauthor imageauthor image
Stan Woosley is a professor of astronomy
and astrophysics at the University of
California, Santa Cruz. Virginia Trimble is
a professor of physics and astronomy at
the University of California, Irvine. Friedel
Thielemann is a professor emeritus of
theoretical physics at the University of
Basel in Switzerland.

1. What did you learn about the article?

- About The low-mass elements, hydrogen and helium, were produced in the hot,
dense conditions of the birth of the universe itself. The birth, life, and death of a
star is described in terms of nuclear reactions.

2. Which elements can be found in a human's blood and bones?

- It is thus no wonder that 99% of the atoms in the human body come from six
elements: Hydrogen (62.9%), oxygen (almost 24%), carbon (nearly 12%), nitrogen
(nearly 0.6%), calcium (0.24%) and phosphorus (0.14%). Calcium is on the list as it
is essential for our skeleton, which contains 99% of the calcium in our body.

3. What was the connection of the article you read to the lesson about the formation
of elememts?
- The low-mass elements, hydrogen and helium, were produced in the hot, dense
conditions of the birth of the universe itself. The birth, life, and death of a star is
described in terms of nuclear reactions. The chemical elements that make up the
matter we observe throughout the universe were created in these reactions.
Lesson 2:

What's new:

1.Atomic weight
2.Transuranium
3.Polarity
4.Henry
5.Elements

What's more:

1.

A. Dalton's atomic theory proposed that all matter was composed of atoms, indivisible
and indestructible building blocks.

B. Thomson proposed the plum pudding model of the atom, which had
negatively-charged electrons embedded within a positively-charged "soup."

C. Rutherford model was devised by the New Zealand-born physicist Ernest Rutherford
to describe an atom.

D. Bohr Model is a planetary model in which the negatively charged electrons orbit a
small, positively charged nucleus similar to the planets orbiting the sun (except that the
orbits are not planar).

E. Erwin Schrödinger proposed the quantum mechanical model of the atom, which treats
electrons as matter waves. Any two electrons occupying the same orbital must have
opposite spins.
2.
3.

Scientists used the model to make predictions. Sometimes the results of their
experiments were a surprise and they did not fit with the existing model. Scientists
changed the model so that it could explain the new evidence.

What i have learned:

1. Moseley organized his table in order of increasing atomic number.

2. Yes(or no depende po sayo kung nakatackle na kayo sa lesson na to)

3. Yes, I am satisfied. Many elements in the periodic table are used in the medical field
such as treating deadly diseases, many of the elements in the periodic table are used in
our everyday lives, a few examples such as oxygen ( O )- we use it to breathe, salt( NaCl),
we use it in our food for flavor, Chlorine( Cl )- we use it through disinfecting. In the
medical field, cobalt( Co ) is used for treating cancer, iron( Fe ) is used for growth and
development in our body. Again, I am very satisfied. Without discovering and recreating
the elements in the periodic table, the world wouldn't be as advanced.

What i can do:

Tittle of the Article:Chernoby! Nuclear Date of the Article's Publication:

Incedent

Reference/s:The Chernobyl accident in Score: 10/10

1986 was the result of a flawed reactor
design that was operated with
inadequately trained personnel. The
resulting steam explosion and fires
released at least 5% of the radioactive
reactor core into the environment, with the
deposition of radioactive materials in
many parts of Europe.
1.Chernobyl also led to a greater knowledge on optimising treatment and follow-up of
survivors of acute radiation sickness. A better understanding of thyroid cancer radiation
risks allowed us to respond better to other disasters, such as Fukushima, to minimise
potential adverse health consequences.

2. Plutonium- The four Chernobyl reactors were pressurized water reactors of the Soviet
RBMK design, or Reactor BolshoMoshchnosty Kanalny, meaning “high-power channel
reactor.

3. All elements with atomic numbers 1 to 118 have been observed. Synthesis of new
elements is accomplished by bombarding target atoms of heavy elements with ions,
such that the sum of the atomic numbers of the target and ion elements equals the
atomic number of the element being created.

Lesson 3:

What's new

Oscar, you see a building and know that an architect has made it. You see a car and you
know that an engineer made it. In the same way I look at you, and see how perfect you
are (see the bribe here) and I know that someone has to have made you. And this
someone must have been really, wise and powerful. It must have been God. Therefore,
God exists.

Well, true that a building and a car was made by an intelligent being, but not all things
that have an order were made by an intelligent being. Take a snow flake. You see its
beautiful crystal structure. Just like a geometrically perfect star-like structure. You may
think that it must have been made by an intelligent being. But actually, the water
molecules themselves are the ones that create that structure. They have one of theirs
sides charged with certain positive charge, while the other has a slightly negative charge.
We call this polarity. This makes that when molecules get fixed inside the crystal
structure during freezing, they do it with a certain tendency to take certain positions and
get oriented in certain directions. Physics creates the snowflake, in the same way that it
created me.

What i have learned:

1. In a neutral atom, electrons orbit the atom's nucleus in a cloud. When atoms bond,
they share these electrons. In this case, the electron density clouds intersect with each
other. This is most pronounced in a covalent bond, in which electrons are shared equally.
When a molecule is polar, however, the electrons tend towards one of the atoms of the
bond. The exact image of the electron density clouds for these bonds can differ
depending on the atoms involved.

2.The polarities of water and oil can be a source of a real life application. As we all know,
water and oil don't mix because of their polarities (water is polar, oil is not)

What i can do:

Title of the Article/s: Polarity Date of the Article's Publication:

December 22, 2004

Reference/s: Some of the material in this Score: 7/7

paper was included in a paper on
“Resonance, Non‐Tetrahedral Carbon and
Steric Hindrance in Organic Molecules,”
presented at the Kansas City Meeting of
the American Chemical Society, April,
1936.

1.Water – H2O

Ammonia – NH3

Sulfur dioxide – SO2

Hydrogen sulfide – H2S

Carbon monoxide – CO

Ozone – O3

Hydrofluoric acid – HF (and other molecules with a single H)

Ethanol – C2H6O (and other alcohols with an OH at one end)

Sucrose – C12H22O11 (and other sugars with OH groups)

2.Any of the noble gasses: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe (These are atoms, not technically
molecules.)
Any of the homonuclear diatomic elements: H2, N2, O2, Cl2 (These are truly nonpolar
molecules.)
Carbon dioxide - CO. ...
Benzene - C6H. ...
Carbon tetrachloride - CCl. ...
Methane - CH. ...
Ethylene - C2H.

Lesson 4:

What's new:

1.Boiling point
2.Melting point
3.Polar
4.Properties
5.Soluble

Table answer:

A.Oil: does not mix with water

B.Salt: mixes well with water
C.Sugar: (might not mix well with water at first but should be with stirring) - mixes well
with water.
D.Drops of nail polish: does not mix well with water.

Answer to questions:

a.Oil and drops of nail polish

b.Salt and sugar
c.Nonpolar
d.Polar

What i have learned:

1.Water and organic molecules

2.Water ammonia
3.Solubility is a property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to
dissolve in a solvent. It is measured in terms of the maximum amount of solute dissolved
in a solvent at equilibrium. The resulting solution is called a saturated solution.

What i can do:

1.A
2.A