Team

Kill Bill
2017 U.S. Department of Energy Race to Zero Student Design

Presenters
Arihant Jain
Pooja Mundhe
Sahil Priyadarshi
Vasudha Sunger
 1. Context

2. Project

3. Design

4. Vision
2
India
Challenges and Issues Statistics

Population growth 2.1 % every year

Water scarcity 41% scarcity

Air pollution Ranked 6th reason for death

Health infrastructure 21% of the world’s disease

burden rates of maternal
and infant mortality.

Energy consumption 80 TWh in 2000 to 186 TWh

in 2012, and constitutes
22% of total current Climate of Jaipur is like Phoenix Zone 2B, Hot & Dry except-
electrical consumption
Climatic condition Jaipur Phoenix
India, the world’s 4th largest carbon Rainfall mm (inch) 550(21.6) 211(8.7)
emitter, ratified the Paris agreement on Minimum DB temp. Minimum temp. Minimum temp. -
(Peak) °C (°F) 3.7 (38.66) 2.8 (26.9)
climate change.

CONTEXT 3
Jaipur the City

Capital city of Rajasthan Hub for trade, commerce and tourism

Heritage of architecture and astronomy Rajasthan: 1/6th of the coutry’s RE potential

6,337 person/sqkm density Air quality: PM 2.5 and 10 are critical (WHO)

CONTEXT 4
Site location & Neighbourhood

Residential Zone of the developed area

boundary of Jaipur Development Authority
Built-up area allowed: 1.2 x site area
Max height of the building: 39.3 ft.
Front margin: 20 ft.
Side margin 10 ft. on two sides

CONTEXT 5
 Site Constraints & Goals

Constraints Energy Climate Water Developing Degraded Devoid of

Scarcity change Scarcity economy Air Quality vegetation

Goals Energy Adaptability Zero water Affordability Indoor air Regenerative

performance discharge & durability Quality oasis landscape

CONTEXT 6
Multidisciplinary team
Timeline of work progress
 Working
 Envelope Drawing
optimization  3d views
 Zero  Interior
 Detailed
water details
Energy
discharge  Documen
 Pre Analysis
strategies

Completed
design  Lighting tation
 Final
energy &Appliance
Architects selection
Architectural
analysis design
 Mechanical

%
 Cost
 Pre systems
optimization
Civil Engineer concept

 Passive  Impact of  Electrical  Interior Week 21

Mechanical

Remaining
strategies ECM’s & details
 Mechanical  Landscape Plumbing
Engineers systems Design
design
 Envelope  Cost Week 15

%
design optimization
 Construction
methods
Week 8
Week 4 Charrette

Week 1

Process 7
Pre-design Analysis

IMAC

Unoccupied India Model for

Family of 4 Hours Adaptive (Thermal)
10 AM to 6PM Comfort

Process 8
Pre-design Analysis
Model Orientation Aspect Ratio WFR Comfort Hours
5 3058
-- 1:1 10 3075
15 4396
5 5404
EW 1:2 10 5539
15 5597
5 4995
NS 2:1 10 5087
15 5124
5 5440
EW 2:3 10 5549
15 5475
5 5138
NS 3:2 10 5058
15 5051

Process 9
Plans
A
Aspect Ratio 2:1
A

C’ C’

C C

A’
A’

Process 10
Plans
Kitchen Garden Location of waste water treatment plant
• Equal distribution Underground sump
of built and
open spaces Root zone treatment

• Service spaces
towards road for Settler, Aerobic
easy accessibility baffle reactors,
Courtyard Aerobic filters
• Central
courtyard Septic tank
Percolation pit
garden– Oasis
feel

• Endemic planter
species to reduce
water usage
First Floor Plan
• Vastu principle
Airbnb
Site Plan
Design 11
Interiors
CONNECTIONS WITH
COURTYARDS

RAJASTHANI LOCAL SUSTAINABLE

ARCHITECTURE AND MATERIALS
MATERIALS

REFRESHING
AMBIENCE

Materials used in the interiors:

• Polished Concrete flooring-Low cost, low
energy and durable
• Particle Board-Sustainable replacement for
wood used in interiors
• Low VOC paints-To improve indoor air quality
• Eco friendly fabric-Easy maintenance and to
protect the indoor air quality
View of the Pooja Area

Design 12
Sections & Constructability

Vapor Barrier Insulation lining

Design 13
Exterior view

Design 14
Constructability & Envelope Durability

The challenge in constructability was to figure out

such construction detail that would be easily Wall Plan
understood by the Indian masons. XPS fixing detail

Design 15
Energy Performance
End Use Split after Implementing ECM’s
Energy Conservation
Measures implemented : 83% Energy Savings
VRF Cool

• Wall U-value = 0.132

Equipment
Btu/h.ft2F
• Roof U-value = 0.28 Btu/h.ft2F Lighting

• Window to Wall Ratio = 15% Shading

Efficient Systems
• Double Glazed Unit U value =
Glazing
0.29 Btu/h.ft2F
• Shading WWR

• Lighting Power density of Roof

0.16W/ft2
Wall
• Equipment Power Density of
1.06W/ft2 Bau

• Variable Refrigerant Flow 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 20000
system EER = 15 Energy Consumption (kWh)

Cooling Lighting Equipment Fans

Design 16
Net Zero Energy Performance

Energy Consumption of OASIS ABODE

600
Over a period of one year
561
544 549 555 Total electrical energy 2758 kWh
500
497
513 consumed
472 474 472
463
440
Total LPG cooking gas 2128 kWh
433
400
energy consumed
182 182

339 344 Total energy 4886 kWh

182
300
296 182
consumed
182 182
247
262
242 182 Total electrical energy 5973 kWh
182
200
195 182
211
182 182
generated
182
164 156 159
143
100

0
Jan Fab Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec

Solar PV (kWh) Total Electrical Energy (kWh) LPG (kWh)

Design 17
HVAC: HRV Duct Length Optimization & Distribution

• Conditioned Zones &

False Ceiling (Bath room)
are near the Shaft.

• Conditioned zones are

one top of the other.

Design 18
HVAC: System Selection & Operation

Why VRF VRF Outdoor Unit

• VRF HVAC System is used because of low Model Daikin - RXYQ6TRY6 (E)
cooling energy and hence more reduction in EER 15.11
EUI. SEER 22.66
Power kW 3.63
Cooling Energy Consumption & EPI Reduction Consumption
Cooling Energy Consumption (in kWh)

3500

3000
VRF Indoor Units
2500
Model FXAQ32PVE FXAQ25PVE
2000

1500
Cooling kCal/h 3100 2400
Capacity Btu/h 12300 9600
1000

500 Power kW 4 3.2

Consumption
0
Split AC VRF
HVAC System Types
Why only cooling: During winters, indoor air temperature
Cooling Energy Consumption
remains between 190C (66.20F) and 260C (78.80F).

Design 19
Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)
Oasis Abode IAQ measures:

• Admixtures for concrete slab to reduce moisture ingress.

• High Density Polymer sheet as vapor barrier to reduce moisture

ingress.

• Point source strategy (Chimney) to remove combustion pollutants. Air Purifier MERV 16 filter

Oasis Abode Pollutant Concentration Reduction Strategy

Building Operation Mode
Occupancy hours/ day
Type of filtration provided
Mechanical/cooling
Natural Ventilation
ventilation
7hours 8hours
Air Purifier (Philips AC 4025 ) MERV 16 filter (ERV unit)

Design 20
Lighting design

India USA

Strategy of Task-ambient system for lighting

design

Task light system for ambient light- 85 lux (avg.)

Ambient light system- 44 lux (avg.)

Lighting that is not BEE star rated

Maximum luminous efficacy-lm/W
Beam angle- degree

Design 21
Energy saving appliances

Equipment Power Density (EPD) comparison

4500
1.85 W/ft²
EPD reduction of 37.2 % by 4000 Modem

using energy efficient appliances 3500

Water Purifier
Laptop

Power Consumption (Watts)

Set Top Box
Equipment selected on the basis 3000
1.16 W/ft² Air Purifier
of star rating by BEE (Bureau of 2500 Television
Energy Efficiency) Exhaust Fan
2000 Water Pump
Fan
When there is no BEE rating the 1500
Refrigerator
most efficient equipment 1000
Chimney hood
available in the market is Washing Machine

selected 500 Mixer Grinder

Oven
0
Business As Usual Oasis Abode

Design 22
 Financial Analysis

Oasis Abode’s Debt to Income Ratio is 39% which is less than home ownership affordability of India (40%).

Debt to Income
Construction Cost Comparison
5895
80000 6000

70000 67846
5000

60000 4000
Construction Cost ($)

Cost ($)
49856
50000 3000
2318
40000 2000

30000 1000

20000 0
Debt Income

10000
Monthly Household Debt (0.5% MFI) Operations and Maintenance Costs
Monthly Utility Costs Property Tax
0 Insurance Mortgage Payment
Conventional House Oasis Abode Estimated Target Family Income Energy Efficiency
Airbnb

Design 23
 Zero water discharge
Strategies
Overhead water tank  Low flow fixtures
 Reverse osmosis system
Rainwater  Water conserving plants
120409ltr
 Rainwater harvesting

2920ltr 61320ltr 7300ltr 7300ltr 36500ltr 36500ltr

23360ltr
Irrigation Recycle Reuse
15000ltr

148920ltr 0ltr
26280ltr 269329ltr
26280ltr
Reduce

Septic Distribution Filter and Anaerobic Root Zone Underground Municipal

Tank Box recharges baffled reactor treatment water tank Water supply
aquifers and filter system line
Rainwater collection months 6
<

Annual Rainfall- 559mm, 22 inches

Total Rainwater collected: 120,409 litres

Design 24
Vision

Oasis Abode will act as an affordable energy efficient

prototype that can be used by the developer in India.

Aesthetically similar to typical houses, is based on vastu

principals and therefore is an easily marketable solution.

Vision 25