THE UNIVERSITY OF MANILA

546 M.V. DELOS SANTOS ST. SAMPALOC, MANILA

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

WIND LOAD
 THE UNIVERSITY OF MANILA
546 M.V. DELOS SANTOS ST. SAMPALOC, MANILA
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

BASIC WIND PARAMETERS

1. Occupancy Category: Category N (Standard Occcupancy Structures)

2. Basic Wind Speed: 280 Kph → 77.78 m/s

3. Wind Directional Factor , kd = 0.85

4. Exposure Category: Category C

5. Terrain Exposure Constant, a = 9.5; Zg = 274.32

6. Topographic Factor : Kzt =1.0

7. Guest Effect Factor: G = 0.85

8. Enclose Classification: Enclosed Building

9. Internal Pressure Coefficient: GCpi = +0.18, -0.18

Total height of building; h = 6m

m
10. Velocity Pressure, qz = 0.613 ⋅ Kz ⋅ Kzt ⋅ Kd ⋅ V2 ( N /m2); V in
s

( ) ( )
2
2 6 9.5
Kz = 2.01 = 2.01 = 0.90
zg 274.32

qh = 0.613 ⋅ Kz ⋅ Kzt ⋅ Kd ⋅ V2

= 0.613 (0.90) (1.0) (0.85) (77.78)2

qh = 2638.99 N /m 2 → 2.84 KPa

11. External Pressure Coeffient

 THE UNIVERSITY OF MANILA
546 M.V. DELOS SANTOS ST. SAMPALOC, MANILA
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

For Walls

L 20
= = 0.33
B 60

Windward, Ww Leeward, Lw Sidewall, Sw

CPWW = 0.8 CPLW = 0.5 CPSW = 0.7

For flat roof

h 6
= = 0.3 < 1.0
l 20

Leeward, Lw

>2h = CP = 0.16

Design wind pressure

(normal to ridge wind pressure)

P = qGCp = q1 (GCPI) ( N /m2)

For Wall
 THE UNIVERSITY OF MANILA
546 M.V. DELOS SANTOS ST. SAMPALOC, MANILA
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

 Windward, Ww

P1 = (2.84(0.85)(0.8)) – (2.84(0.18)) = 1.42 KPa

 Leeward, Lw

P1 = (2.84(0.85)(0.5)) – (2.84(-0.18)) = -2.44 KPa

 Sidewall, Sw

P1 = (2.84(0.85)(0.7)) – (2.84(-0.18)) = 1.18 KPa

For wall

 Leeward, Lw

P1 = (2.84(0.85)(0.16)) – (2.84(-0.18)) = 0.90 KPa

23.3
DL from roof sheets → 0.15 KPa ( ) = 0.17 KPa
20

LL = 0.90 KPa

1.2 (0.17) + 0.6 (0.90)

1.64
Wv = KPa = 0.03 kN /m x 20 = 0.6
60 pcs .

Wv = 0.03 kN /m

WvL 0.03(23.20)
Shear, v = = = 0.35 kN
2 2
 THE UNIVERSITY OF MANILA
546 M.V. DELOS SANTOS ST. SAMPALOC, MANILA
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

2 2
Wv L 0.02(23.20 )
MomentMax, M = = = 2.04 kN⋅m
8 8

Trial section:

Assume not compact.

Fb = 0.60 (248) = 148.8 MPa

M
Section modulus, Sx =
Fb

6
2.04 kN X 10
Sx = = 13.71 x 103
148.8 MPa

Use W4 x B

bf 170
d = 105.70 mm ≤
2tf √ Fy

103.10
tw = 7.10 mm ≤10.80
2 ( 8.80 )

bf = 103.10 m 5.86 ≤ 10.80 ✓ Compact

tf = 8.80 mm

Moment resisting = SxFb Self Weight = (19.44.) (9.8) (23.30)

 THE UNIVERSITY OF MANILA
546 M.V. DELOS SANTOS ST. SAMPALOC, MANILA
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Mr = 163.68 MPa x 89 x 103 = 4.4 KPa

Mr = 14.57 kN⋅m >2.04 kN⋅m ✓ SAFE

DESIGN OF GIRDER
 THE UNIVERSITY OF MANILA
546 M.V. DELOS SANTOS ST. SAMPALOC, MANILA
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Wu = 17.72 kN /m

WuL 17.72(5)
Shear, V = =
2 2

V = 44.3 kN

2
wu L2 17.72 ( 5 )
Momentmax, M = =
8 8

M = 55.38 kN⋅m

Trial section:

Fb = 0.60 (248) = 148.8 MPa

M
Section modulus, Sx =
Fb

6
55.38 x 10
SX =
148.8

Sx = 372.17 x 103

Use W8 x 28

Properties of Steel
 THE UNIVERSITY OF MANILA
546 M.V. DELOS SANTOS ST. SAMPALOC, MANILA
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

d = 204.70 mm

tw = 7.20 mm

bf = 166 mm

tf = 11.80 mm

Sx = 399 x 103mm3

Mr = 163.68 MPa x 399 x 103mm3

Mr = 65.31 kN⋅m 255.30 kN⋅m

Checking for the compactness of the section

bf 170
≤
2(tf ) √ Fy

166 170
≤
2 ( 11.80 ) √ 248

7.03 ≤ 10.50 ✓

2 # of bolts – 20 mm diameter

Shearing stress, Fv = 207 MPa

Bearing stress, Fp = 1.20 ⋅ Fu

 THE UNIVERSITY OF MANILA
546 M.V. DELOS SANTOS ST. SAMPALOC, MANILA
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

= 1.20 (400)

Fp = 480 MPa

Shearing Capacity (Single Shear)

R = Fv ⋅ Av ⋅ n

π
Av = (20mm)2 = 314.16 mm2
4

R = 207 MPa ⋅ 314.16 mm2 ⋅ 2

R = 130 kN > 44.3 kN ⟶ SAFE

Bearing Capacity

R = Fp ⋅ Ap ⋅ n

Ap = 20 mm ⋅10.50 mm = 210 mm2

R = 480 MPa ⋅ 210 mm2 ⋅ 2 = 201.60 kN → SAFE

 THE UNIVERSITY OF MANILA
546 M.V. DELOS SANTOS ST. SAMPALOC, MANILA
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

DESIGN OF COLUMN ON

CRITICAL AREA
 THE UNIVERSITY OF MANILA
546 M.V. DELOS SANTOS ST. SAMPALOC, MANILA
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

88.6 kN +2.054
Reaction = = 45.33 kN
2

Critical column load will be → 45.33 (2) = 90.66 kN

Try W14 x 61

A = 11.548 mm2

Rx = 151.88 mm

Ry = 62.10 mm

L=6m

K = 1.0 (Pinned Connection)

KL 1.0(6000 mm)
= = 96.62 < 200 ✓ Safe
r 62.10 mm

Cc = √
2 ( π ) 200.00
2
= 126.17
126.17

Kl
< Cu, which means short compression
r

2 2
(kl /r ) /(2 cc )
Allowable axial stress, Use; Fa = [1 - ] Fy
F .S

KL KL
3
F.S = 5 +3 r − r = 5 + 3 ( 96.62 ) − 3 ( 96.62 ) = 1.89
3 8 CC 8 ( CC )3 3 8 ( 126.17 ) 8 ( 126.17 )3
 THE UNIVERSITY OF MANILA
546 M.V. DELOS SANTOS ST. SAMPALOC, MANILA
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

( 76.62 )2
Fa = [1 - 2 ] 248 MPa = 54.27 MPa
( 126.17 )

Axial Load Capacity, Pcap = Fa ⋅ A

54.27 MPa
Pcap = ⋅ 11.548 = 626.71 kN > 45.33 kN
1000
 THE UNIVERSITY OF MANILA
546 M.V. DELOS SANTOS ST. SAMPALOC, MANILA
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

DESIGN OF BASE PLATE

 THE UNIVERSITY OF MANILA
546 M.V. DELOS SANTOS ST. SAMPALOC, MANILA
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Dimension:

0.80 bf = 0.80 (253.90) = 296.80 mm

0.95 dl = 0.95 (352.80) = 335.16 mm

Trial area:

P
A = BN =
TP

P
FP = < 0.30 Fc’ → base plate covering full area of concrete
BN

For W14 x 61

Axial Load, P = 90.66 kN

Fc’ = 20.7 MPa

Fy = 248 MPa

Steel section properties

D = 352.80 mm

bf = 253.90 mm
 THE UNIVERSITY OF MANILA
546 M.V. DELOS SANTOS ST. SAMPALOC, MANILA
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

tf = 248 mm

Length of base plate, N

P 90.600 90.600 2
A1 = = '
= =12,505 m m →required area
Fp 0.35 f c 0.35( 20.7)

d⋅bf = 352.80 (253.80) = 89,575 mm2

A < d∙bf

Footing Steel

Axial load = 90.66 Kn

DL = 5.35 kn

Self Weight = 90.88 x 9.81 x 6m = 5346 kn

Total Load = 96.01 Kn

Using W14 x 61

Column

D = 352.80 mm

Bf = 253.90 mm

Tf = 16.40 mm

Tw = 9.50 mm
 THE UNIVERSITY OF MANILA
546 M.V. DELOS SANTOS ST. SAMPALOC, MANILA
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

B = 380 mm , N = 490 mm

Footing

W = 25 m I = 2.5m

D = 325 mm

Fc = 20.7 Fy = 275 Mpa

Minimum req plate area

P= 96.01 kn

Fp = 0.35 Fc = 0.35 (20.7) = 7.25 Mpa

Fp = P/ Aplate

Plate thickness

0.80 bf = 0.80 (253.40) = 203.12

0.95 d = (352.80) = 335.16

X1 = 380 - 203.12 =176.88/2 = 88.44 mm

X2 = 490 – 356.16/2 =154.84/2 = 77.42 mm

96610
Fv = =0.52
380 ( 4 % )
 THE UNIVERSITY OF MANILA
546 M.V. DELOS SANTOS ST. SAMPALOC, MANILA
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

√
2
Tmin = 3 fp x
fb

√ 3 ( 0.52 ) ( 88.44 ) 62
0.75 (248)

= 8.09

USE, 10mm thickness

 THE UNIVERSITY OF MANILA
546 M.V. DELOS SANTOS ST. SAMPALOC, MANILA
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

DESIGN OF FOOTING
 THE UNIVERSITY OF MANILA
546 M.V. DELOS SANTOS ST. SAMPALOC, MANILA
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
 THE UNIVERSITY OF MANILA
546 M.V. DELOS SANTOS ST. SAMPALOC, MANILA
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING