SLAB DESIGN

DESIGN OF ONE-WAY SLA

Given:
live load: 4.8 kPa fc' = 28 mPa
fy = 420 mPa L: 4 m
floor finish: 1.1 kPa f = 0.9 cover = 20 mm
ceiling finish: 0.24 kPa f1 = 0.85
mech. duct allowance 0.25 kPa conc. unit wt.= 23.5 kN/m3
electrical load 0 kPa
partition load: 0.24 kPa using 12 mm rebars
miscellaneous load: 0.5 kPa Ad = 113.10 mm2

Solution:
minimum slab thickness, h
L ( 4 ) ( 1000 )
h= = = 143 mm
28 28
say h = 170 mm

assume effective depth, d

d = h - cover - half of bar diameter
= 170 - 20 - 6
= 144 mm

Dead Loads:
slab self-weight = h x conc. unit wt.= ( 0.17 ) ( 23.5 ) = 4.00 kPa
floor finish = 1.1 kPa
ceiling finish = 0.24 kPa
mech. duct allowance = 0.25 kPa
electrical load = 0 kPa
partition load = 0.24 kPa
miscellaneous loads = 0.5 kPa

6.33 kPa
Factored Load:
WUDL= 1.2 (DL) = 1.6 ( 6.33 ) = 7.590 kPa
WULL= 1.6 (LL) = 1.6 ( 4.8 ) = 7.68 kPa
WU = WUDL + WULL = 15.270 kPa

At END 1 :

Wu L2 ( 15.27 ) ( 4 )2
Mu = = = 22.2109 kN-m
11 11
 MU 22.211 x 10e6
Rn = = = 1.190 MPa
f b d12 0.90 x ### x (144 ) 2

0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'

(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 1.190
= x 1- 1- = 0.00291
420 0.85 x 28.0

1.4 fc' 1.4 28

rmin = or = or
fy 4 fy 420 4 x 420
= 0.00333333 or 0.0031497 Therefore, use 0.00333

(0.85) f1 fc' 3
rmax = x
fy 7
20 3
= x = 0.02064
420 7

when rmin > r < rmax

Therefore, use 0.00333 for As

As = f b d
= ( 0.00333 ) ( 1000 ) ( 144 )
= 480 mm2

using 12 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 235.625 mm
As 480

say S = 230 mm

Smax = 3h = 3 ( 170 ) = 510 mm or 450 mm

Therefore, Smax = 450 mm

S < Smax Therefore S = 230 mm

At MIDSPAN :

Wu L2 ( 15.27 ) ( 4 )2
Mu = = = 15.2700 kN-m
16 16
 MU 15.270 x 10e6
Rn = = = 0.818 MPa
f b d12 0.90 x ### x (144 ) 2

0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'

(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 0.818
= x 1- 1- = 0.00198
420 0.85 x 28.0

1.4 fc' 1.4 28

rmin = or = or
fy 4 fy 420 4 x 420
= 0.00333333 or 0.0031497 Therefore, use 0.00333

(0.85) f1 fc' 3
rmax = x
(0.85) b1 fc' 7
3
= x = 0.02064
420 7

when rmin > r < rmax

Therefore, use 0.00333 for As

As = f b d
= ( 0.00333 ) ( 1000 ) ( 144 )
= 480 mm2

using 12 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 235.625 mm
As 480

say S = 230 mm

Smax = 3h = 3 ( 170 ) = 510 mm or 450 mm

Therefore, Smax = 450 mm

S < Smax Therefore S = 230 mm

At END 2 :

Wu L2 ( 15.27 ) ( 4 )2
Mu = = = 24.4320 kN-m
10 10

MU 24.432 x 10e6
Rn = = = 1.309 MPa
 f b d12 0.90 x ### x (144 )2

0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'

(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 1.309
= x 1- 1- = 0.00321
420 0.85 x 28.0

1.4 fc' 1.4 28

rmin = or = or
fy 4 fy 420 4 x 420
= 0.00333333 or 0.0031497 Therefore, use 0.00333

(0.75)(0.85) f1 fc' 3
rmax = x
fy 7
20.23 3
= x = 0.02064
420 7

when rmin > r < rmax

Therefore, use 0.00333 for As

As = f b d1
= ( 0.00333 ) ( 1000 ) ( 144 )
= 480 mm2

using 12 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 235.625 mm
As 480

say S = 230 mm

Smax = 3h = 3 ( 170 ) = 510 mm or 450 mm

Therefore, Smax = 450 mm

S < Smax Therefore S = 230 mm

temperature bars :

Ast = 0.0018 bh
= 0.0018 ( 1000 ) ( 170 )
= 306 mm2

Ad (1000) ( 113.10 ) ( 1000 )

sst = = = 369.61 mm
Ast 306
 say S = 360 mm

Smax = 5h = 5 ( 170 ) = 850 mm or 450 mm

Therefore, Smax = 450 mm

S < Smax Therefore S = 360 mm

DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLAB 2s8

Given:
short side A: 4.7 m fc' = 28 mPa
long side B: 4.7 m fy = 420 mPa
f = 0.9
LOADS: f = 0.85
live load: 4.8 kPa conc. unit wt.= 23.5 kN/m3

floor finish: 1.1 kPa CA = 0.045 using 12 mm rebars

mech. duct allowance
ceiling finish: 0.24 kPa CADL = 0.018 cover = 20 mm
0.25 kPa CALL = 0.027
electrical load 0 kPa CB = 0.045 Ad = 113.10
partition load: 0.24 kPa CBDL = 0.018
miscellaneous load: 1 kPa CBLL = 0.027

SOLUTION:
4.70
ratio m = = 1.000 > 0.500 Two-way Slab!
4.70

2 ( 4.70 + 4.70 ) (1000)

h= = 104.444 mm
180
say h = 110 mm > hmin = 90 mm 110 mm

d1 = h - (cover) - (rebar f) = 84 mm
d2 = h - (cover) - (rebar f) - (half of rebar f) = 72 mm

Dead Loads:
slab self-weight = h x conc. unit wt.= ( 0.11 ) ( 23.5 ) = 2.59 kPa
floor finish = 1.1 kPa
ceiling finish = 0.24 kPa
mech. duct allowance = 0.25 kPa
electrical load = 0 kPa
partition load = 0.24 kPa
miscellaneous loads = 1 kPa

5.42 kPa
 Factored Load:
WUDL = 1.2 (DL) = 1.2 ( 5.42 ) = 6.498 kPa
WULL = 1.6 (LL) = 1.6 ( 4.8 ) = 7.68 kPa
WU = WUDL + WULL = 14.178 kPa

Solving for Moments:

A. Short Span, Middle Strip
at continuous edge
MA = (Wu) (CA) (A2)
= 14.094 kN-m

at midspan
MADL = (WuDL) (CADL) (A2)
= 2.584 kN-m
MALL = (WuLL) (CALL) (A2)
= 4.581 kN-m
MA = MADL + MALL = 7.164 kN-m

B. Long Span, Middle Strip

at continuous edge
MB = (Wu) (CB) (B2)
= 14.094 kN-m

at midspan
MBDL = (WuDL) (CBDL) (B2)
= 2.584 kN-m
MBLL = (WuLL) (CBLL) (B2)
= 4.581 kN-m
MB = MBDL + MBLL = 7.164 kN-m

Strength Design:
A. Short Span, Middle Strip
at continuous edge
MA 14.094 x 10e6
Rn = = = 2.219 MPa
f b d12 0.90 x ### x (84 ) 2

0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'

(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 2.219
= x 1- 1- = 0.00556
420 0.85 x 28.0

1.4 fc' 1.4 28

rmin = or = or
fy 4 fy 420 4 x 420
= 0.00333333 or 0.0031497 Therefore, use 0.00333
 (0.85) f1 fc' 3
rmax = x
fy 7
20 3
= x = 0.02064
420 7

when rmin < r < rmax

Therefore, use 0.00556 for As

As = f b d1
= ( 0.00556 ) ( 1000 ) ( 84 )
= 466.750254 mm2

using 12 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 242.31374 mm
As 466.750254

say S = 240 mm

Smax = 2h = 2 ( 110 ) = 220 mm or 450 mm

Therefore, Smax = 220 mm

S > Smax Therefore S = 220 mm

at midspan
MA 7.164 x 10e6
Rn = = = 1.128 MPa
f b d12 0.90 x ### x (84 ) 2

0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'

(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 1.128
= x 1- 1- = 0.00275
420 0.85 x 28.0

1.4 fc' 1.4 28

rmin = or = or
fy 4 fy 420 4 x 420
= 0.00333333 or 0.0031497 Therefore, use 0.00333

(0.85) f1 fc' 600

rmax = x
fy 600 + fy
20 3
= x = 0.02064
420 7

when rmin > r < rmax

 Therefore, use 0.00333 for As

As = f b d1
= ( 0.00333 ) ( 1000 ) ( 84 )
= 280 mm2

using 12 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 403.92857 mm
As 280

say S = 400 mm

Smax = 2h = 2 ( 110 ) = 220 mm or 450 mm

Therefore, Smax = 220 mm

S > Smax Therefore S = 220 mm

B. Long Span, Middle Strip

at continuous edge
MB 14.094 x 10e6
Rn = = = 3.021 MPa
f b d22 0.90 x ### x (72 ) 2

0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'

(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 3.021
= x 1- 1- = 0.00772
420 0.85 x 28.0

1.4 fc' 1.4 28

rmin = or = or
fy 4 fy 420 4 x 420
= 0.00333333 or 0.0031497 Therefore, use 0.00333

(0.85) f1 fc' 3
rmax = x
fy 7
20 3
= x = 0.02064
420 7

when rmin < r < rmax

Therefore, use 0.00772 for As

As = f b d2
= ( 0.00772 ) ( 1000 ) ( 72 )
= 555.685403 mm2

using 12 mm bars
 Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 203.53243 mm
As 555.685403

say S = 200 mm

Smax = 2h = 2 ( 110 ) = 220 mm or 450 mm

Therefore, Smax = 220 mm

S < Smax Therefore S = 200 mm

at midspan
MB 7.164 x 10e6
Rn = = = 1.536 MPa
f b d22 0.90 x ### x (72 )2

0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'

(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 1.536
= x 1- 1- = 0.00378
420 0.85 x 28.0

1.4 fc' 1.4 28

rmin = or = or
fy 4 fy 420 4 x 420
= 0.00333333 or 0.0031497 Therefore, use 0.00333

(0.85) f1 fc' 3
rmax = x
fy 7
20 3
= x = 0.02064
420 7

when rmin < r < rmax

Therefore, use 0.00378 for As

As = f b d2
= ( 0.00378 ) ( 1000 ) ( 72 )
= 272.327693 mm2

using 12 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 415.30848 mm
As 272.327693

say S = 410 mm

Smax = 2h = 2 ( 110 ) = 220 mm or 450 mm

Therefore, Smax = 220 mm
 S > Smax Therefore S = 220 mm

DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLAB 2s9

with INTERPOLATION

Given:
short side A: 3.7 m fc' = 28 mPa
long side B: 4.7 m fy = 420 mPa
f = 0.9
mech. duct allowance
LOADS: f = 0.85
live load: 6 kPa conc. unit wt. = 23.5 kN/m3
mech. duct allowance
floor finish: 1.1 kPa CA = 0.057 using 12 mm rebars
mech. duct allowance
ceiling finish: 0.24 kPa CADL = 0.033 cover = 20 mm
electrical load 0.25 kPa CALL = 0.045
0 kPa CB = 0.049 Ad = 113.10
partition load: 0.24 kPa CBDL = 0.014
miscellaneous load: 1 kPa CBLL = 0.018 0

SOLUTION:
3.70
ratio m = = 0.787 > 0.500 Two-way Slab!
4.70

2 ( 3.70 + 4.70 ) (1000)

h= = 93.333 mm
180
say h = 100 mm > hmin = 90 mm 100 mm

d1 = h - (cover) - (rebar f) = 74 mm
d2 = h - (cover) - (rebar f) - (half of rebar f) = 62 mm

Dead Loads:
slab self-weight = h x conc. unit wt.= ( 0.1 ) ( 23.5 ) = 2.35 kPa
floor finish = 1.1 kPa
ceiling finish = 0.24 kPa
mech. duct allowance = 0.25 kPa
electrical load = 0 kPa
partition load = 0.24 kPa
miscellaneous loads = 1 kPa

5.180 kPa
Factored Load:
WUDL = 1.2 (DL) = 1.2 ( 5.18 ) = 6.216 kPa
WULL = 1.6 (LL) = 1.6 ( 6 ) = 9.6 kPa
WU = WUDL + WULL = 15.816 kPa
Solving for Moments:
A. Short Span, Middle Strip
at continuous edge
0.80 0.055
0.787 CA
0.75 0.061

( 0.8 - 0.787 ) 0.055 - CA

=
( 0.8 - 0.75 ) ( 0.055 - 0.061 )
Therefore, CA = 0.05653191
MA = (Wu) (CA) (A2)
= 12.240 kN-m

at midspan
for DL: 0.8 0.032
0.787 CADL
0.75 0.036

( 0.8 - 0.787 ) 0.032 - CADL

=
( 0.8 - 0.75 ) ( 0.032 - 0.036 )
Therefore, CADL = 0.03302128
MADL = (WuDL) (CADL) (A2)
= 2.810 kN-m

for LL: 0.8 0.044

0.787 CALL
0.75 0.049

( 0.8 - 0.787 ) 0.044 - CALL

=
( 0.8 - 0.75 ) ( 0.044 - 0.049 )
Therefore, CALL = 0.0452766
MALL = (WuLL) (CALL) (A2)
= 5.950 kN-m

MA = MADL + MALL = 8.760 kN-m

B. Long Span, Middle Strip

at continuous edge
0.80 0.051
0.787 CB
0.75 0.044

( 0.8 - 0.787 ) 0.051 - CB

=
( 0.8 - 0.75 ) ( 0.051 - 0.044 )
Therefore, CB = 0.04921277
MB = (Wu) (CB) (B2)
 = 17.194 kN-m

at midspan
for DL: 0.8 0.015
0.787 CBDL
0.75 0.013

( 0.8 - 0.787 ) 0.015 - CBDL

=
( 0.8 - 0.75 ) ( 0.015 - 0.013 )
Therefore, CBDL = 0.01448936
MBDL = (WuDL) (CBDL) (B2)
= 1.990 kN-m

for LL: 0.8 0.019

0.787 CBLL
0.75 0.016

( 0.8 - 0.787 ) 0.019 - CBLL

=
( 0.8 - 0.75 ) ( 0.019 - 0.016 )
Therefore, CBLL = 0.01823404
MBLL = (WuLL) (CBLL) (B2)
= 3.867 kN-m

MB = MBDL + MBLL = 5.856 kN-m

Strength Design:
A. Short Span, Middle Strip
at continuous edge
MA 12.240 x 10e6
Rn = = = 2.484 MPa
f b d12 0.90 x ### x (74 )2

0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'

(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 2.484
= x 1- 1- = 0.00626
420 0.85 x 28.0

1.4 fc' 1.4 28

rmin = or = or
fy 4 fy 420 4 x 420
= 0.00333333 or 0.0031497 Therefore, use 0.00333

(0.85) f1 fc' 3
rmax = x
fy 7
20 3
= x = 0.02064
 420 7
\
when rmin < r < rmax
Therefore, use 0.00626 for As

As = f b d1
= ( 0.00626 ) ( 1000 ) ( 74 )
= 463.172675 mm2

using 12 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 244.18539 mm
As 463.172675

say S = 240 mm

Smax= 2h = 2 ( 100 ) = 200 mm or 450 mm

Therefore, Smax = 200 mm

S > Smax Therefore S = 200 mm

at midspan
MA 8.760 x 10e6
Rn = = = 1.778 MPa
f b d12 0.90 x ### x (74 ) 2

0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'

(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 1.778
= x 1- 1- = 0.00440
420 0.85 x 28.0

1.4 fc' 1.4 28

rmin = or = or
fy 4 fy 420 4 x 420
= 0.00333333 or 0.0031497 Therefore, use 0.00333

(0.85) f1 fc' 3
rmax = x
fy 7
20 3
= x = 0.02064
0 7

when rmin < r < rmax

Therefore, use 0.00440 for As

As = f b d1
= ( 0.00440 ) ( 1000 ) ( 74 )
= 325.846264 mm2
 using 12 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 347.0962 mm
As 325.846264

say S = 340 mm

Smax = 2h = 2 ( 100 ) = 200 mm or 450 mm

Therefore, Smax = 200 mm

S > Smax Therefore S = 200 mm

B. Long Span, Middle Strip

at continuous edge
MB 17.194 x 10e6
Rn = = = 4.970 MPa
f b d22 0.90 x ### x (62 )2

0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'

(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 4.970
= x 1- 1- = 0.01342
420 0.85 x 28.0

1.4 fc' 1.4 28

rmin = or = or
fy 4 fy 420 4 x 420
= 0.00333333 or 0.0031497 Therefore, use 0.00333

(0.85) f1 fc' 3
rmax = x
fy 7
20 3
= x = 0.02064
420 7

when rmin < r < rmax

Therefore, use 0.01342 for As

As = f b d2
= ( 0.01342 ) ( 1000 ) ( 62 )
= 832.209691 mm2

using 12 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 135.90325 mm
As 832.209691

say S = 130 mm
 Smax= 2h = 2 ( 100 ) = 200 mm or 450 mm
Therefore, Smax = 200 mm

S < Smax Therefore S = 130 mm

at midspan
MB 5.856 x 10e6
Rn = = = 1.693 MPa
f b d22 0.90 x ### x (62 ) 2

0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'

(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 1.693
= x 1- 1- = 0.00418
420 0.85 x 28.0

1.4 fc' 1.4 28

rmin = or = or
fy 4 fy 420 4 x 420
= 0.00333333 or 0.0031497 Therefore, use 0.00333

(0.85) f1 fc' 3
rmax = x
fy 7
20 3
= x = 0.02064
420 7

when rmin < r < rmax

Therefore, use 0.00418 for As

As = f b d2
= ( 0.00418 ) ( 1000 ) ( 62 )
= 259.467596 mm2

using 12 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 435.89258 mm
As 259.467596

say S = 430 mm

Smax= 2h = 2 ( 100 ) = 200 mm or 450 mm

Therefore, Smax = 200 mm

S > Smax Therefore S = 200 mm

B DESIGN

ONE-WAY SLAB

GUIDELINES:
1. Fill-up only colored cells with their corresponding values.
slab length
concrete stress and strain
type of loading
miscellaneous dead loads
rebars diameter and concrete cover
constants for computing h and Mu.
2. Avoid editing non-colored cells for it may cause unreasonable design.
3. For the design of sections having different moments, just replace tha value of
denominator for Mu for that corresponding section.
4. Checking computations using calculator may will not match with the computer's
computations due to rounding-off numbers. Computer uses complete decimal
numbers and exact values.
-WAY SLAB 2s8 case 2

RESULTING TABLE

Middle Strip Column Strip

SLAB
As (mm2) S (mm) As (mm2) S (mm)

cont. edge 466.750 220 311.167 220

short span midspan 280.000 220 186.667 220

disc. edge 93.333 220 62.222 220

cont. edge 555.685 200 370.457 220

long span midspan 272.328 220 181.552 220

disc. edge 90.776 220 60.517 220

GUIDELINES:
1. Fill-up only colored cells with their corresponding values.
slab dimensions
concrete stress and strain
type of loading
miscellaneous dead loads
rebars diameter and concrete cover
constants from the table of values
2. Avoid editing non-colored cells for it may cause unreasonable design.
3. Give the exact dimensions of the slab. Don't forget to subtract the supporting
beam dimensions.
4. Checking computations using calculator may will not match with the computer's
computations due to rounding-off numbers. Computer uses complete decimal
numbers and exact values.
5. Having discontinuous edge will depend upon the case of the slab.
As seen on the table, depends on slab's case.
-WAY SLAB 2s9 case 8
TERPOLATION

RESULTING TABLE

Middle Strip Column Strip

SLAB
As (mm2) S (mm) As (mm2) S (mm)

cont. edge 463.173 200 308.782 200

short span midspan 325.846 200 217.231 200

disc. edge 154.391 200 102.927 200

cont. edge 832.210 130 554.806 195

long span midspan 259.468 200 172.978 200

disc. edge 277.403 200 184.935 200

GUIDELINES:
1. Fill-up only colored cells with their corresponding values.
slab dimensions
concrete stress and strain
type of loading
miscellaneous dead loads
rebars diameter and concrete cover
constants from the table of values
2. Avoid editing non-colored cells for it may cause unreasonable design.
3. Give the exact dimensions of the slab. Don't forget to subtract the supporting
beam dimensions.
4. Checking computations using calculator may will not match with the computer's
computations due to rounding-off numbers. Computer uses complete decimal
numbers and exact values.
5. Having discontinuous edge will depend upon the case of the slab.
As seen on the table, depends on slab's case.
v
 SEISMIC ANALYSIS

ESTIMATED WEIGHT OF THE BUIL

For Roof Deck

length width height pieces

Slab 1 : 7.650 5.650 0.150 14

Slab 2 : 3.750 5.000 0.100 1
Slab 3 : 7.550 2.300 0.100 1
Slab 4 : 5.650 2.300 0.100 1
Slab 5 :

Wall 1 : 8.000 0.200 1.500 8

Wall 2 : 6.000 0.200 1.500 8
Wall 3 : 8.000 0.200 2.500 2
Wall 4 : 6.000 0.200 2.500 4
Wall 5 :
Wall 6 :
Wall 7 :

Beam 1 : 8.000 0.350 0.600 20

Beam 2 : 6.000 0.350 0.600 22
Beam 3 :

Column 1 : 0.350 0.350 1.500 14

Column 2 : 0.350 0.350 2.500 6

For 3rd Floor :

length width height pieces

Slab 1 : 7.650 5.650 0.150 14

Slab 2 : 3.750 5.000 0.100 1
Slab 3 : 7.550 2.300 0.100 1
Slab 4 : 5.650 2.300 0.100 1
Slab 5 :

Wall 1 : 8.000 0.200 3.200 12

Wall 2 : 6.000 0.200 3.200 12
Wall 3 : 3.500 0.200 3.200 4
Wall 4 : 4.500 0.200 3.200 4
 Wall 5 : 6.000 0.200 3.200 4
Wall 6 :
Wall 7 :

Beam 1 : 8.000 0.350 0.600 20

Beam 2 : 6.000 0.350 0.600 22
Beam 3 :

Column 1 : 0.350 0.350 3.200 25

Column 2 :

For 2nd Floor :

length width height pieces

Slab 1 : 7.650 5.650 0.150 14

Slab 2 : 3.750 5.000 0.100 1
Slab 3 : 7.550 2.300 0.100 1
Slab 4 : 5.650 2.300 0.100 1
Slab 5 :

Wall 1 : 8.000 0.200 3.200 12

Wall 2 : 6.000 0.200 3.200 12
Wall 3 : 3.500 0.200 3.200 4
Wall 4 : 4.500 0.200 3.200 4
Wall 5 : 6.000 0.200 3.200 4
Wall 6 :
Wall 7 :

Beam 1 : 8.000 0.350 0.600 20

Beam 2 : 6.000 0.350 0.600 22
Beam 3 :

Column 1 : 0.350 0.350 3.200 25

Column 2 :

For 1st Floor :

length width height pieces

Wall 1 : 8.000 0.200 3.200 12

Wall 2 : 6.000 0.200 3.200 12
Wall 3 : 3.500 0.200 3.200 2
Wall 4 : 4.500 0.200 3.200 4
Wall 5 : 6.000 0.200 3.200 8
 Wall 6 :
Wall 7 :

Column 1 : 0.350 0.350 3.200 25

Column 2 :

DESIGN BASE SHEAR, V

CV I
V= W
RT
where:
I= 1.00 (For Special Occupancy Structure)
R= 8.50 (For Moment Resisting Frames)
W= 23485.07 KN (Total Weight of the Building)
CV = 0.64
T = Ct (hn)
3/4

where:
Ct = 0.0731 (For Reinforced Concrete, Moment Resisting Frames)
hn = 12.4 (Total Height of the Buiding)
So, T = ( 0.0731) ( 12.4 )3/4
= 0.4830406063 s

( 0.64) ( 1.00 )
Therefore, V = ( 23,485.07 )
( 8.5) ( 0.48304)
= 3660.743 KN

Distribution of Lateral Forces Due To Seismic (Fx)

Wxhx
Level Wx (kN) hx (m) Wxhx
fWxhx
RD 5459.04 10.1 55136.304 0.44760

3 6419.36 6.9 44293.584 0.35958

2 6419.36 3.7 23751.632 0.19282

Total 123181.52

where : Wxhx
Fx = n ( V - ft ) *Since T < 0.70s, then ft = 0
f wihi
i=1
 Distribution of Forces to Frames
Transversal
R Direct
Frame Rel. R d d2 Rd2
fR Force, D
1 4 0.2 0.2 16 256 1024

2 4 0.2 0.2 8 64 256

3 4 0.2 0.2 0 0 0

4 4 0.2 0.2 -8 64 256

5 4 0.2 0.2 -16 256 1024

6 0 0 0 0 0 0

7 0 0 0 0 0 0

8 0 0 0 0 0 0

9 0 0 0 0 0 0

10 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 20 2560

where : Mt Rd2
T = x also Mt = (0.05) (Frame Length) (1)
d fRd2 = (0.05) ( 24 ) (1) =

Distribution of Forces to Frames

Longitudinal
R Direct
Frame Rel. R d d2 Rd2
fR Force, D
1 4 0.2 0.2 12 144 576

2 4 0.2 0.2 6 36 144

3 4 0.2 0.2 0 0 0

4 4 0.2 0.2 -6 36 144

5 4 0.2 0.2 -12 144 576

6 0 0 0 0 0 0

7 0 0 0 0 0 0

8 0 0 0 0 0 0

9 0 0 0 0 0 0

10 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total 20 1440
where : Mt Rd2
T = x also Mt = (0.05) (Frame Length) (1)
2
d fRd = (0.05) ( 32 ) (1) =
C ANALYSIS
Note: Fill-up only yellow cells.

GHT OF THE BUILDING

conc unit wt WEIGHT

23.5 2133.030 kN
23.5 44.063 kN
23.5 40.808 kN
23.5 30.538 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
TOTAL 2248.439 kN

23.5 451.200 kN
23.5 338.400 kN
23.5 188.000 kN
23.5 282.000 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
TOTAL 1259.600 kN

23.5 789.600 kN
23.5 651.420 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
TOTAL 1441.020 kN

23.5 60.454 kN
23.5 43.181 kN
TOTAL 103.635 kN

conc unit wt WEIGHT

23.5 2133.030 kN
23.5 44.063 kN
23.5 40.808 kN
23.5 30.538 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
TOTAL 2248.439 kN

23.5 1443.840 kN
23.5 1082.880 kN
23.5 210.560 kN
23.5 270.720 kN
 23.5 360.960 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
TOTAL 3368.960 kN

23.5 789.600 kN
23.5 651.420 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
TOTAL 1441.020 kN

23.5 230.300 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
TOTAL 230.300 kN

conc unit wt WEIGHT

23.5 2133.030 kN
23.5 44.063 kN
23.5 40.808 kN
23.5 30.538 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
TOTAL 2248.439 kN

23.5 1443.840 kN
23.5 1082.880 kN
23.5 210.560 kN
23.5 270.720 kN
23.5 360.960 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
TOTAL 3368.960 kN

23.5 789.600 kN
23.5 651.420 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
TOTAL 1441.020 kN

23.5 230.300 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
TOTAL 230.300 kN

conc unit wt WEIGHT

23.5 1443.840 kN
23.5 1082.880 kN
23.5 105.280 kN
23.5 270.720 kN
23.5 721.920 kN
 23.5 0.000 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
TOTAL 3624.640 kN

23.5 230.300 kN
23.5 0.000 kN
TOTAL 230.300 kN

TOTAL : 23485.072 kN

BASE SHEAR, V

s Due To Seismic (Fx)

Wxhx
Fx Short Long
fWxhx
0.44760 1638.556 352.2896 371.4067

0.35958 1316.329 283.0108 298.3684

0.19282 705.8578 151.7594 159.9947

*Since T < 0.70s, then ft = 0

 Frame Length: 24.00 m

Rd2 Choose whichever is critical

Torsion D+T
fRd2 D+T and enter here: 0.215
0.4 0.03 0.23

0.1 0.015 0.215

0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

0.1 -0.015 0.185

0.4 -0.03 0.17

0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

) (Frame Length) (1)

1.20

Frame Length: 32.00 m

Rd2 Choose whichever is critical

Torsion D+T
fRd2 D+T and enter here: 0.226667
0.4 0.053333 0.253333

0.1 0.026667 0.226667

0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

0.1 -0.026667 0.173333

0.4 -0.053333 0.146667

0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
) (Frame Length) (1)
1.60
 PORTAL ANALYSIS

Span Length 1 : 2.50 m Column Height 3 : 3.00 m Note : This is designed for 7-span frame. In case of
Span Length 2 : 2.50 m Column Height 2 : 3.00 m lesser span, the second to the last column
Span Length 3 : 3.00 m Column Height 1 : 3.00 m frame and upper is not included. Just look
Span Length 4 : 2.00 m at the horizontal force, if there is negative,
Span Length 5 : 4.00 m that column frame is not included.
Span Length 6 : 2.00 m No. of Spans : 6

43.82 401.70 43.82 328.67 36.52 255.63 54.78 182.59 27.39

438.22 kN 401.70 328.67 255.63 182.59 109.56

43.82 43.82 0.00 43.82 7.30 36.52 -18.26 54.78 27.39 27.39

36.52 73.04 73.04 73.04 73.04

36.52 73.04 73.04 73.04 73.04

43.82 0.00 7.30 -18.26 27.39

134.53 429.74 134.53 351.61 112.10 273.47 168.16 195.34 84.08
468.81 kN 429.74 351.61 273.47 195.34 117.20

178.35 134.53 0.00 134.53 22.42 112.10 -56.05 168.16 84.08 84.08

75.59 151.17 151.17 151.17 151.17

 75.59 151.17 151.17 151.17 151.17

178.35 0.00 22.42 -56.05 84.08

207.45 238.77 207.45 195.36 172.88 151.95 259.32 108.53 129.66
260.48 kN 238.77 195.36 151.95 108.53 65.12

385.80 207.45 0.00 207.45 34.58 172.88 -86.44 259.32 129.66 129.66

97.29 194.59 194.59 194.59 194.59

97.29 194.59 194.59 194.59 194.59

385.80 0.00 34.58 -86.44 129.66

Span 1 Span 2 Span 3 Span 4 Span 5

54.78 54.78 54.78 54.78 54.78 0.00 #REF!

54.78 54.78 54.78 54.78 54.78 0.00

168.16 168.16 168.16 168.16 168.16 0.00 #REF!

 168.16 168.16 168.16 168.16 168.16 0.00

259.32 259.32 259.32 259.32 259.32 0.00 #REF!

259.32 259.32 259.32 259.32 259.32 0.00

MOMENT DIAGRAM OF BEAM

54.78 109.56 109.56 109.56 109.56 109.56 0.00

 54.78 109.56 109.56 109.56 109.56 109.56
113.38 226.76 226.76 226.76 226.76 226.76 0.00

113.38 226.76 226.76 226.76 226.76 226.76

145.94 291.88 291.88 291.88 291.88 291.88 0.00

145.94 291.88 291.88 291.88 291.88 291.88

MOMENT DIAGRAM OF COLUMN

109.56 182.59
36.52
0.00
27.39

73.04 36.52

73.04 36.52

27.39 0.00
117.20 195.34
39.07

84.08 0.00

151.17 75.59
151.17 75.59

84.08 0.00
65.12 108.53
21.71

129.66 0.00

194.59 97.29

194.59 97.29

129.66 0.00

#REF!
 #REF!

#REF!

54.78 113.38
0.00 54.78
113.38

0.00 113.38
145.94

0.00 145.94
 DESIGN OF BEAM
Note : Fill-up yellow cells only.

END 1 MIDSPAN END 2

LOAD
V M M V M
from MDM 1.2 DL + 1.6 LL 245.115 -254.436 187.874 230.314 202.845
from Seismic Analysis EL --- 0 --- --- 0.000 NOT INCLUDED
1.2DL + 1.6LL 245.115 -254.436 187.874 230.314 202.845

DESIGN OF BEAM REINFORCEMENT

Given:
Wu = 67.93 kN d' =0 mm
fc' = 28 MPa
fy = 420 MPa
f = 0.9
b1 = 0.85 d= 540 mm
Es = 200000 MPa

d= 540 mm
b= 300 mm
d' = 0 mm
L= 6 m b = 300 mm

cover : 40 mm
using 10 mm f stirrups

Wu = 67.927 kN

L=6 m

245.115 Vu at d distance

Shear Diagram in KN
d= 0.54 m

-230.314
187.874 kN-m

Moment Diagram

254.44 kN-m -202.85 kN-m

AT END 1 :

Mu 254.436
Mn = = = 282.706667 kN-m
f 0.9

Assuming single reinforcement

( 0.85 ) f1 fc' 3
rmax = x
fy 7
(0.85)( 0.85) ( 28) 3
= x
420 7
= 0.02064

As = rmax b d
= ( 0.02064 ) ( 300 ) ( 540 )
= 3344.142857 mm2

1 r fy
Mu = r fy f b d2 1- x
1.7 fc'
1 ( 0.02064 ) ( 420 )
= ( 0.0206 ) ( 420 ) ( 0.9 ) ( 300 ) ( 540 )2 1 - x
1.7 28
= 558274553 MN-mm
Mu = 558.2745527 kN-m

Mu 558.27455271
Mn = = = 620.305059 kN-m
f 0.9
620.3050586 > 282.70666667 Therefore, it's a single reinforcement only!
AT END 1
Mn1 = 620.3050586 kN-m IF DOUBLY-REINFORCED BEAM
As1 = 3344.142857 mm2 IF SINGLY REINFORCED BEAM
Mn2 = 282.706666667 - 620.305059
= -337.598391905 kN-m Mu = f Rn b d²
254 = 0.9 Rn ( 300 ) (
From Mn2 = As2 fy ( d - d' ) 3.231672 Mpa
Mn2 -337.5984 x10e6
As2 = = ρ= 0.85 1 - 1- 2 Rn
fy ( d -d' ) 420 ( 540 - 0 ) fy 0.85 fc
= -1488.52906484 mm2
ρ= 0.85 28 1-
Check if compression steel yields, when Ey < Es' : 420
where:
fy 420
Ey = = = 0.00210 ρ= 0.0083027
Es 200000

and 0.003 Es' 0.003 ( c - d' )

= ; Es' =
c c - d' c
1.4 fc' 1.4
 solving for c: a rmin = or =
c= fy 4 fy 420
f1 2Mn1 = 0.0033333333 or 0.003149704
from Mn1 = As1 fy ( d - a/2) ; a = 2d -
As1 fy (0.85) f1 fc' 3
a= 196.714 mm rmax = x
196.714286 fy 7
therefore c = = 231.429 mm (0.85)( 0.85) (28)
0.85 = x
Therefore, 420
0.003 ( 231.429 - 0 )
Es' = = 0.00300
231.429 when rmin < r <
Therefore, use 0.00830 for As
Ey < Es' Therefore, compression steel yields!
As = f b d1
= ( 0.00830 ) ( 300) ( 540
IF COMPRESSION STEEL YIELDS: IF COMPRESSION STEEL DOESN'T YIELD: = 1345.038467087 mm2
Es' 0.00300
fs' = fy = 420 MPa fs' = ( fy ) = ( 420 )
Ey 0.00210 minimum edge distance = cover - stirrup
As' = As2 = 600 MPa = ( 40 ) + ( 10 ) + ( 2 x 10 )
= -1488.52906 mm2 = 70
Mn2 -337.60x10e6
As' = =
fs' ( d - d' ) 600.00 ( 540 - 0 ) For tension reinforcement:
= -1041.9703 mm2 using 20 mm f bars
As
N= =
Therefore, COMPRESSION STEEL YIELDS Ad
As' = -1488.5290648 mm2
checking the spacing:
As = As1 + As2 300 - 2( 40 ) - 2( 10 ) - 5( 20 )
= 3344.1428571 + -1488.5291 S=
= 1855.6137923 mm2 4

minimum edge distance = cover - stirrupf - 2 x stirrupf

= ( 40 ) + ( 10 ) + ( 2 x 10 )
= 70 mm

For compression reinforcement:

using 20 mm f bars Ad = 314.15926
As' -1488.5291
N= = = -4.738 say -4 pcs.
Ad 314.15926 arrangement: 2 bars horizontally

checking the spacing:

300 - 2( 40 ) - 1( 20 )
S= = 180 mm > 25 mm OK!
1

For tension reinforcement:

using 20 mm f bars Ad = 314.15926
As 1855.61379
N= = = 5.907 say 6 pcs.
Ad 314.15926 arrangement: 3 bars horizontally

checking the spacing:

300 - 2( 40 ) - 2( 10 ) - 3( 20 )
S= = 70 mm > 25 mm OK!
2

AT MIDSPAN :

Mu 187.874
Mn = = = 208.748889 kN-m
f 0.9

Assuming single reinforcement

( 0.85 ) f1 fc' 3
rmax = x
fy 7
(0.85)( 0.85) ( 28) 3
= x
0 7
= 0.02064

As = rmax b d
= ( 0.02064 ) ( 300 ) ( 540 )
= 3344.142857 mm2

1 r fy
Mu = f fy f b d2 1- x
1.7 fc'
1 ( 0.02064 ) ( 420 )
= ( 0.0206 ) ( 420 ) ( 0.9 ) ( 300 ) ( 540 )2 1 - x
1.7 28
= 558274553 MN-mm
Mu = 558.2745527 kN-m

Mu 558.27455271
Mn = = = 620.305059 kN-m
f 0.9
620.3050586 > 208.74888889 Therefore, it's a single reinforcement only!

Mn1 = 620.3050586 kN-m IF DOUBLY-REINFORCED BEAM IF SINGLY REINFORCED BEAM

As1 = 3344.142857 mm2
Mn2 = 208.748888889 - 620.305059
= -411.556169683 kN-m
Mu = f Rn b d²
From Mn2 = As2 fy ( d - d' ) 187.874 = 0.9 Rn ( 300
Mn2 -411.5562 x10e6 Rn = 2.38625 Mpa
As2 = =
fy ( d -d' ) 420 ( 540 - 0 ) ρ= 0.85 fc' 1 - 1- 2 Rn
= -1814.62155945 mm2 fy 0.85 fc

Check if compression steel yields, when Ey < Es' : ρ= 0.85 28 1-

where: 420
fy 420
Ey = = = 0.00210
Es 200000 ρ= 0.006 Mpa

and 0.003 Es' 0.003 ( c - d' )

= ; Es' =
c c - d' c
 solving for c: a 1.4 fc'
c= rmin = or =
f1 2Mn1 fy 4 fy
from Mn1 = As1 fy ( d - a/2) ; a = 2d - = 0.0033333333 or 0.0031497039
As1 fy
a= 196.714 mm (0.85) f1 fc'
196.714286 rmax = x
therefore c = = 231.429 mm fy
0.85 (0.85)( 0.85) (28)
Therefore, =
0.003 ( 231.429 - 0 ) 420
Es' = = 0.00300
231.429
when rmin < r
Ey < Es' Therefore, compression steel yields! Therefore, use 0.00600

As = f b d1
IF COMPRESSION STEEL YIELDS: IF COMPRESSION STEEL DOESN'T YIELDS: = ( 0.00600 ) ( 300)
Es' 0.00300 = 971.852802 mm2
fs' = fy = 420 MPa fs' = ( fy ) = ( 420 )
Ey 0.00210
As' = As2 = 600 MPa minimum edge distance =
= -1814.62156 mm2 =
Mn2 -411.56x10e6 =
As' = =
fs' ( d - d' ) 600.00 ( 540 - 0 )
= -1270.2351 mm2 For tension reinforcement:
using 20 mm f bars
As
Therefore, COMPRESSION STEEL YIELDS N=
As' = -1814.6215594 mm2 Ad

As = As1 + As2 checking the spacing:

= 3344.1428571 + -1814.6216 300 - 2( 40 ) - 2( 10 ) - 3( 20 )
= 1529.5212977 mm2 S=
2
minimum edge distance = cover - stirrupf - 2 x stirrupf
= ( 40 ) + ( 10 ) + ( 2 x 10 )
= 70 mm

For compression reinforcement:

using 20 mm f bars Ad = 314.15926
As' -1814.6216
N= = = -5.776 say -5 pcs.
Ad 314.15926 arrangement: 2 bars horizontally

checking the spacing:

300 - 2( 40 ) - 1( 20 )
S= = 200 mm > 25 mm OK!
1

For tension reinforcement:

using 20 mm f bars Ad = 314.15926
As 1529.5213
N= = = 4.869 say 5 pcs.
Ad 314.15926 arrangement: 4 bars horizontally

checking the spacing:

300 - 2( 40 ) - 2( 10 ) - 3( 20 )
S= = 40 mm > 25 mm OK!
3

AT END 2 :

Mu -202.845
Mn = = = -225.38333 kN-m
f 0.9

Assuming single reinforcement

( 0.85 ) f1 fc' 3
rmax = x
fy 7
(0.85)( 0.85) ( 28) 3
= x
420 7
= 0.02064

As = rmax b d
= ( 0.02064 ) ( 300 ) ( 540 )
= 3344.142857 mm2

1 r fy
Mu = f fy f b d2 1- x
1.7 fc'
1 ( 0.02064 ) ( 420 )
= ( 0.0206 ) ( 420 ) ( 0.9 ) ( 300 ) ( 540 )2 1 - x
1.7 28
= 558274553 MN-mm
Mu = 558.2745527 kN-m

Mu 558.27455271
Mn = = = 620.305059 kN-m
f 0.9
620.3050586 > -225.38333333 Therefore, it's a single reinforcement only!

Mn1 = 620.3050586 kN-m IF DOUBLY-REINFORCED BEAM IF SINGLY REINFORCED BEAM

As1 = 3344.142857 mm2
Mn2 = -225.383333333 - 620.305059
= -845.688391905 kN-m
Mu = f Rn b d²
From Mn2 = As2 fy ( d - d' ) -202.845 = 0.9 Rn ( 300
Mn2 -845.6884 x10e6 Rn = -2.5764 Mpa
As2 = =
fy ( d -d' ) 420 ( 540 - 0 ) ρ= 0.85 fc' 1 - 1- 2 Rn
= -3728.78479676 mm2 fy 0.85 fc

Check if compression steel yields, when Ey < Es' : ρ= 0.85 28 1-

where: 420
fy 420
Ey = = = 0.00210
Es 200000 ρ= -0.00583 Mpa

and 0.003 Es' 0.003 ( c - d' )

= ; Es' =
c c - d' c

solving for c: a 1.4 fc'

 c= rmin = or =
f1 2Mn1 fy 4 fy
from Mn1 = As1 fy ( d - a/2) ; a = 2d - = 0.0033333333 or 0.0031497039
As1 fy
a= 196.714 mm (0.85) f1 fc'
196.71 rmax = x
therefore c = = 231.429 mm fy
0.85 (0.85)(0.85 ) (28)
Therefore, =
0.003 ( 231.429 - 0 ) 420
Es' = = 0.00300
231.429
when rmin > r
Ey < Es' Therefore, compression steel yields! Therefore, use 0.00333

As = f b d1
IF COMPRESSION STEEL YIELDS: IF COMPRESSION STEEL DOESN'T YIELDS: = ( 0.00333 ) ( 300)
Es' 0.00300 = -945.1033308 mm2
fs' = fy = 420 MPa fs' = ( fy ) = ( 420 )
Ey 0.00210
As' = As2 = 600 MPa minimum edge distance =
= -3728.7848 mm2 =
Mn2 -845.69x10e6 =
As' = =
fs' ( d - d' ) 600.00 ( 540 - 0 )
= -2610.1494 mm2 For tension reinforcement:
using 28 mm f bars
As
Therefore, COMPRESSION STEEL YIELDS N=
As' = -3728.7847968 mm2 Ad

As = As1 + As2 checking the spacing:

= 3344.1428571 + -3728.7848 300 - 2( 40 ) - 2( 10 ) - 6( 28 )
= -384.64193962 mm2 S=
5
minimum edge distance = cover - stirrupf - 2 x stirrupf
= ( 40 ) + ( 10 ) + ( 2 x 10 )
= 70 mm

For compression reinforcement:

using 20 mm f bars Ad = 314.15926
As' -3728.7848
N= = = -11.869 say -11 pcs.
Ad 314.15926 arrangement: 2 bars horizontally

checking the spacing:

300 - 2( 40 ) - 1( 20 )
S= = 200 mm > 25 mm OK!
1

For tension reinforcement:

using 20 mm f bars Ad = 314.15926
As -384.64194
N= = = -1.224 say -1 pcs.
Ad 314.15926 arrangement: 5 bars horizontally

checking the spacing:

300 - 2( 40 ) - 2( 10 ) 4( 20 )
S= = 25 mm > 25 mm OK!
4

DESIGN OF VERTICAL STIRRUPS

Vu = 245.115 kN

Vud = Vu - Wu d
= 245.115 - ( 67.927 ) ( 0.54 )
= 208.43442 kN
= 208434.42 N

1
Vc = fc' bw d
6
1
= 28 ( 300 ) ( 540 )
6
= 142,870.571 N

f Vc 0.85 ( 142,870.571 )
= = 53576.4641 N
2 2

f Vc
Vud > Therefore, the beam needs web reinforcement!
2

determine spacing s of the stirrups, using 10 mm stirrups

Av fy d
s=
Vs
where : Vud
Vs = - Vc
f
208434.42
= - 142,870.571
0.85
= 135041.989 N

f
Av = 2 4 ( 10 )2 = 157.079633 mm2

( 157.08 ) ( 420 ) ( 540 )

s= = 263.81173 mm say 260 mm
135041.989 ( spacing based from Vud )

determine the length or portion of the beam that needs stirrups,

d = 540mm

Vud = 208,434 N

f Vs
Vu = 245,115 N
f Vs = 121,440 N
1/2 fVc = 53,576 N
 x= 2.82 m
stirrups needed here
245,115 N - 67,927 x = 53,576
x= 2.82 m

to provide the needed spacing based from other values of V u to minimize stirrups,

At x = 1 m
Vu = 245,115 - 67,927 ( 1 )
= 177,188 N
Vu
Vs = - Vc
f
177,188
= - 142,870.571
0.85
= 93380.0956667 N

A v fy d
s=
Vs
( 157.08 ) ( 420 ) ( 540 )
= = 381.51236 mm say 380 mm
93380.095667

check for maximum spacing :

1
compare Vs =
93,380 N to fc' bw d
3
1
? 28 ( 300 ) ( 540 )
3
93,380 N < 285,741 N
d 540
therefore, max. s = = = 270 mm or 600 mm
2 2
Smax = 270 mm

S > Smax use S = 270 mm

At x = 1.5 m
Vu = 245,115 - 67,927 ( 1.5 )
= 143,225 N
Vu
Vs = - Vc
f
143,225
= - 142,870.571
0.85
= 48096.0956667 N

Av fy d
s=
Vs
( 157.08 ) ( 420 ) ( 540 )
= = 740.718351 mm say 740 mm
48096.0956666667

check for maximum spacing :

1
compare Vs = 48,096 N to fc' bw d
3
1
? 28 ( 300 ) ( 540 )
3
48,096 N < 285,741 N
d 540
therefore, max. s = = = 270 mm or 600 mm
2 2
Smax = 270 mm

S > Smax use S = 270 mm

OPTIONAL SECTION

At x = 2 m
Vu = 245,115 - 67,927 ( 2 )
= 109,261 N
Vu
Vs = - Vc
f
109,261
= - 142,870.571
0.85
= -14328.2180588 N

Av fy d
s=
Vs
( 157.08 ) ( 420 ) ( 540 )
= = -2486.3986 mm say -2490 mm
-14328.2180588235

check for maximum spacing :

1
compare Vs = -14,328 N to fc' bw d
3
1
? 28 ( 300 ) ( 540 )
3
-14,328 N < 285,741 N
d 540
therefore, max. s = = = 270 mm or 600 mm
2 2
Smax = 270 mm

S < Smax use S = -2490 mm

At x = 2.5 m
Vu = 245,115 - 67,927 ( 2.5 )
= 75,298 N
Vu
Vs = - Vc
f
 75,298
= - 142,870.571
0.85
= -54284.6886471 N

Av fy d
s=
Vs
( 157.08 ) ( 420 ) ( 540 )
= = -656.27457 mm say -660 mm
-54284.6886470588

check for maximum spacing :

1
compare Vs -54,285
= N to fc' bw d
3
1
? 28 ( 300 ) ( 540 )
3
-54,285 N < 285,741 N
d 540
therefore, max. s = = = 270 mm or 600 mm
2 2
Smax = 270 mm

S < Smax use S = -660 mm

At x = 3 m
Vu = 245,115 - 67,927 ( 3 )
= 41,334 N
Vu
Vs = - Vc
f
41,334
= - 142,870.571
0.85
= -94242.3357059 N

Av fy d
s=
Vs
( 157.08 ) ( 420 ) ( 540 )
= = -378.02184 mm say -380 mm
-94242.3357058824

check for maximum spacing :

1
compare Vs = -94,242 N to fc' bw d
3
1
? 28 ( 300 ) ( 540 )
3
-94,242 N < 285,741 N
d 540
therefore, max. s = = = 270 mm or 600 mm
2 2
Smax = 270 mm

S < Smax use S = -380 mm

At x = 3.5 m
Vu = 245,115 - 67,927 ( 3.5 )
= 7,371 N
Vu
Vs = - Vc
f
7,371
= - 142,870.571
0.85
= -134198.806294 N

Av fy d
s=
Vs
( 157.08 ) ( 420 ) ( 540 )
= = -265.46928 mm say -270 mm
-134198.806294118

check for maximum spacing :

1
compare Vs = -134,199 N to fc' bw d
3
1
? 28 ( 300 ) ( 540 )
3
-134,199 N < 285,741 N
d 540
therefore, max. s = = = 270 mm or 600 mm
2 2
Smax = 270 mm

S < Smax use S = -270 mm

Number of Stirrups and Spacing :

a. ) along the depth

@ 50 mm spacing = 1 pc

@ 260 mm spacing
540 - 50 = 490 mm
490 mm
= 1.885 say 2 pcs
260 mm

length occupied by 2 pcs stirrups :

( 2 ) ( 260 ) = 520 mm

length already has stirrups :

520 + 50 = 570 mm

b. ) along the 1 m length

@ 270 mm spacing
1000 - 570 = 430 mm
430 mm
= 1.593 say 2 pcs
 270 mm

length occupied by 2 pcs stirrups :

( 2 ) ( 270 ) = 540 mm

length already has stirrups :

540 + 570 = 1110 mm

c. ) along the 1.5 m length

@ 270 mm spacing
1,500 - 1110 = 390 mm
390 mm
= 1.444 say 2 pcs
270 mm

length occupied by 2 pcs stirrups :

( 2 ) ( 270 ) = 540 mm

length already has stirrups :

540 +1110 = 1650 mm

d. ) along the 2 m length

@ -2490 mm spacing
2000 - 1650 = 350 mm
350 mm
= -0.14 say 0 pcs
-2490 mm

length occupied by 0 pcs stirrups :

( 0 ) ( -2490 ) = 0 mm

length already has stirrups :

0 + 1650 = 1650 mm

e. ) along the 2.5 m length

@ -660 mm spacing
2500 - 1650 = 850 mm
850 mm
= -1.29 say -1 pcs
-660 mm

length occupied by -1 pcs stirrups :

( -1 ) ( -660 ) = 660 mm

length already has stirrups :

660 + 1650 = 2310 mm
 540 )²

1- 2( 3.23167 )
0.85 (28)

28
 or
4 x 420
Therefore, use 0.00333

7
3
= 0.02064
7

rmax

cover - stirrupf - 2 x stirrupf

( 40 ) + ( 10 ) + ( 2 x 10 )
mm

Ad = 314.15926
1345.0384671
= 4.281 say 5 pcs.
314.15926 arrangement: 5 bars horizontally

300 - 2( 40 ) - 2( 10 ) - 5( 20 )
= 25 mm > 25 mm OK!

)( 540 )²

0.85 fc

1- 2( 2.3862470152 )
0.85 (28)
 1.4 28
or
420 4 x 420
0.0031497039 Therefore, use 0.00333

7
7
x = 0.02064
7

< rmax
for As

( 540 )

cover - stirrupf - 2 x stirrupf

( 40 ) + ( 10 ) + ( 2 x 10 )
70 mm

mm f bars Ad = 314.15926
971.85280205
= = 3.094 say 4 pcs.
314.15926 arrangement: 3 bars horizontally

300 - 2( 40 ) - 2( 10 ) - 3( 20 )
= 70 mm > 25 mm OK!

)( 540 )²

0.85 fc

1- 2( -2.5763984149 )
0.85 (28)

1.4 28
 or
420 4 x 420
0.0031497039 Therefore, use 0.00333

7
3
x = 0.02064
7

< rmax
for As

( 540 )

cover - stirrupf - 2 x stirrupf

( 40 ) + ( 10 ) + ( 2 x 10 )
70 mm

mm f bars Ad = 615.7521496
-945.10333085
= = -1.535 say -1 pcs.
615.7521496 arrangement: 6 bars horizontally

300 - 2( 40 ) - 2( 10 ) - 6( 28 )
= 6.4 mm < 28 mm NOT OK!
 COLUMN DESIGN

For 3rd Level :

Pu = 1795.1812
PEL = 0
Pu3 = ( 1.2 DL + 1.6 LL )
= [1795.1812 ]
= 1795.1812 kN

For 2nd Level :

Pu = 2096.2964
PEL = 0
Pu2 = ( 1.2 DL + 1.6 LL )
= [2096.2964]
= 2096.2964 kN

For 1st Level :

Pu = 2052.3388
PEL = 0
Pu1 = ( 1.2 DL + 1.6LL )
= [2052.3388]
= 2052.3388 kN

Pu = 5943.8164 kN

DESIGN OF SQUARE TIED COLUMN

Given:
Pu = 5943.8164 kN where As
fc' = 28 MPa r= ; As = r Ag
fy = 420 MPa Ag
initial r = 0.05
f= 0.65

Solution:

Selecting column dimensions:

Pu = 0.8 f [ 0.85 fc' ( Ag - As ) + fy ( As ) ]
5944 x 103 = 0.8 ( 0.65 ) [ 0.85 ( 28 ) ( Ag - 0.05 Ag ) + 420 ( 0.05 Ag ) ]
Ag = 262105.392 mm2

Use: 400 mm x 400 mm

Ag = 160000 mm2
Selecting longitudinal (main) bars:
Pu = 0.8 f [ 0.85 fc' ( Ag - As ) + fy ( As ) ]
5944 x 103 = 0.8 ( 0.65 ) [ 0.85 ( 28 ) ( 160000 - As ) + 420 As ]
As = 19238.8091 mm2

Use: 8 -- 36 mm f OK! ..above minimum req'd rebars

As = 8143.00816 mm2

checking r :
rgmin = 1% of Ag = 0.01
rgmax = 8% of Ag = 0.08

As 8143.00816
r= = = 0.051
Ag 160000

rgmin < r < rgmax OK for rho min! Also, OK! for rho max

Design of ties:

Use 12 mm f size of ties.

( a ) 16 db = 16 ( 36 ) = 576 mm
( b ) 48 dt = 48 ( 12 ) = 576 mm
( c ) least lateral column dimension = 400 mm

Therefore, 400 mm controls!

 Note : Fill-up yellow cells only.

UMN

Ag ) ]
mum req'd rebars
 FOUNDATION DESIGN

DESIGN OF WALL FOOTING

Given:
DL = 13.44 kN/m a= 0.2 m
LL = 0 kN/m depth of footing = 1500 mm
fc' = 28 MPa
fy = 420 MPa cover = 75 mm
f = 0.9 0.75

qa = 200 kN/m2
conc weight = 23.5 kN/m3
soil weight = 16 kN/m3 LL
DL

a
Ground Line

1500mm

500mm

1m

Solution:

Assume h = 500 mm deep footing

d = 425 mm

qe = qa - ( h x conc weight ) - ( soil height x soil weight )

500 1000
= 200 - ( 23.5 ) - ( 16 )
1000 1000

= 172.25 kN/m2

DL + LL
width required ( l ) =
 qe

13.44 + 0
=
172.25

= 0.078 m say 1 m

bearing pressure for strength design :

1.2 DL + 1.6 LL
qu =
width required

1.2 ( 13.44 ) + 1.6 ( 0 )

=
1

= 16.128 kN/m2

depth required for shear at a distance d from face of the wall :

l - a
Vu = - d ( qu )
2

1 - 0.0002
= - 0.425 ( 16.128 )
2

= 1.2079872 kN

6 Vu
d=
f fc' ( bw )

6 ( 1.208 ) (10 )3
=
( 0.75 ) 28 ( 1000 )

= 1.826 mm < 425 mm OK!

determine steel area ( d = 425 mm )

l - a 1 - 0.0002
cantilever length = = = 0.5 m
2 2

take moment at face of the wall :

0.5
Mu = ( 16.128 ) ( 0.4999 ) = 2.0151936806 kN-m
2
 Mu 2.015 x 10e6
Rn = = = 0.012 MPa
f b d12 0.90 x 1000 x (425 ) 2

0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'

(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 0.012
= x 1- 1- = 0.00003
420 0.85 x 28.0

1.4 fc' 1.4 28

rmin = or = or
fy 4 fy 420 4 x 420
= 0.0033333333 or 0.0031497039 Therefore, use 0.00333

(0.85) f1 fc' 3
rmax = x
fy 7
(0.85)( 0.85) ( 28) 3
= x = 0.02064
420 7

when rmin > r < rmax

Therefore, use 0.00333 for As

As = f b d
= ( 0.00333 ) ( 1000 ) ( 425 )
= 1416.667 mm2

using 20 mm bars ; Ad = 314.16

Ad (1000) ( 314.16) (1000)

S= = = 221.76 mm
As 1416.66666667

say S = 220 mm

DESIGN OF SQUARE COLUMN FOOTING

Given:
DL = 3449 kN a = 600 m
LL = 1189 kN depth of footing = 1500 mm
fc' = 28 MPa
fy = 420 MPa cover = 80 m
 f = 0.9 0.75
fs = 40
qa = 200 kN/m 2

conc weight = 23.5 kN/m3

soil weight = 16 kN/m3

400 mm

400 mm

Ground Line

1500mm

900mm

5.5 m

Solution:

Assume h = 900 mm deep footing

d = 820 mm

qe = qa - ( h x conc weight ) - ( soil height x soil weight )

900 600
= 200 - ( 23.5 ) - ( 16 )
1000 1000

= 169.25 kN/m2

DL + LL
Af required =
qe

3448.53 + 1189
=
169.25

= 27.3991 m2

Use : 5.5 m x 5.5 m footing

Af = 30.25 m2
bearing pressur`

1.2 DL + 1.6 LL
qu =
Af

1.2 ( 3448.533 ) + 1.6 ( 1188.763 )

=
30.25

= 199.678 kN/m2

a.) depth d required for one-way or beam shear :

5.5 m
A1

1.63 m d = 820 mm

2.45 m

Vu1 = qu ( A1 )

= ( 199.678 ) [ ( 1.63 ) ( 5.5 ) ]

= 1790.114 kN

6 Vu1
d=
f fc' ( bw )

6 ( 1,790.114 ) (10 )3
=
( 0.75 ) 28 ( 5500 )

= 492.072 mm < 820 mm OK!

b.) depth d required for two-way or punching shear :

A2

d/2

a
600 + 820 =

d/2

bo = 4 ( 1420 ) = 5680 mm

Vu2 = qu ( A2 )

= ( 199.678 ) [ ( 30.25 ) - ( 1.42 )2 ]

= 5637.630 kN

3 Vu2
d=
f fc' ( bo )

3 ( 5,637.630 ) ( 10 )3
=
0.75 28 ( 5680 )

= 750.290 mm < 820 mm OK!

12 Vu2
d=
fs d
f +2 fc' ( bo )
bo

12 ( 5,637.630 ) ( 10 )3
=
( 40 ) d
0.75 28 ( 5680 )
5680 + 2

Solving d by Quadratic Equation

2 :

where a = 158.745078664 d2
b = 45083.6023405 d
c = -67651555.45
 -b f b2 - 4ac
d=
2a

d= 526.0783949 mm or -810.078395 mm

Therefore d = 526.078 mm < 820 mm OK!

determine steel area ( d = 820 mm )

l - a 5.5 - 0.6
cantilever length = = = 2.45 m
2 2

take moment at face of the wall :

2.45
Mu = ( 199.68 ) ( 2.45 ) ( 5.5 ) = 3296.060 kN-m
2

Mu 3,296.060 x 10e6
Rn = = = 0.990 MPa
fbd 1
2
0.90 x 5500 x (820 )
2

0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'

(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 0.990
= x 1- 1- = 0.00241
420 0.85 x 28.0

1.4 fc' 1.4 28

rmin = or = or
fy 4 fy 420 4 x 420
= 0.0033333333 or 0.0031497039 Therefore, use 0.00333

(0.85) f1 fc' 3
rmax = x
fy 7
(0.85)( 0.85) ( 28) 3
= x = 0.02064
420 7

when rmin > r < rmax

Therefore, use 0.00333 for As

As = f b d
= ( 0.00333 ) ( 5500 ) ( 820 )
= 15033.333 mm2
 using 25 mm bars ; Ad = 490.87

Ad (1000) ( 490.87) (1000)

S= = = 32.65210643 mm
As 15033.3333333

say S = 30 mm
N
Note : Fill-up yellow cells only.

NG

( wall thickness )

425mm
 0.00003

0.00333

0.02064

OOTING

( column dimension )
820mm
600 + 820 = 1420 mm
0.00241

0.00333

0.02064