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ABRASIVE JET MACHINING: PRINCIPLES, ADVANTAGES, AND LIMITATIONS

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ABRASIVE JET MACHINING: PRINCIPLES, ADVANTAGES, AND LIMITATIONS

 August 08, 2017  comments

Abrasive Jet Machining: Principles,
Advantages, And Limitations
In abrasive jet machining process, a stream of abrasive particles carried by the high-
pressure gas or air is made to effect on the work surface through a nozzle, and the work
material is removed by erosion due to the high-velocity abrasive particles. The inside
diameter of the nozzle via which abrasive particles flow is about 0.18 to 0.80 mm and the
distance between nozzle tip and workpiece is maintained about 0.3 to 20.0 mm. The
process could be easily controlled to differ with the metal removal rate which depends
on flow rate and size of the abrasive particles. The cutting action is awesome because
the carrier gas serves as a coolant.
When an abrasive particle with sharp edges hits a brittle and fragile material at high
speed, it makes a hole into the material and takes out a small particle with a
tiny/fracture. The particles are carried away by air or gas. The operating elements are
abrasive, carrier gas and the nozzle.
The related distance between the nozzle tip and the work surface has a good influence
on the diameter of cut, the shape and size and also the rate of removal of material.

The basic parts of AJM:

It has a compressor for gas supply, filter, pressure regulator, mixing chambers, nozzle
assembly and the holding device. In the mixing chamber, the abrasive is made to flow
into the gas stream. The mixing ratio is controlled with the vibrator. The feed motion is
provided to either the work holding device or the nozzle.

AJM Advantages:

This process is significant for machining breakable, heat resistant materials like ceramic,
glass, germanium, mica etc.
It can be used for cutting, drilling, deburring, cleaning etc. the materials.
The depth of surface damage is little.
Holes of complex shapes could be produced efficiently.
The surface machined has a good finish.

AJM Disadvantages:
The removal rate of materials is low.
The tapering of hole mainly with more depth is unavoidable.
A dust collecting chamber is a basic need to avoid atmospheric pollution that causes
health problems.
The abrasive particles might remain there on the work surface.

AJM Applications:

AJM is best suited to machine brittle and heat sensitive materials like glass, sapphire,
quartz, ceramics etc,
It is used to drill holes, cut slots, clean hard surfaces, polish etc.
Now we conclude. Hope this information was of help to you. Keep visiting our space to
know more.
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