I. Finish each sentence in such a way that it means exactly the same as the one printed before it.

1. You can use it as long as you like, and it will not wear out.
No matter how long you use it, it won’t wear out.
2. John didn’t celebrate a party until he received the offer of promotion in writing.
It was not until
3. Please check for damage before signing the delivery note.
Do not ___________________________________________________________________.
4. I write to Alice almost every day.
Hardly _____________________________________________________________________.
5. All books have something to teach you.
Every ______________________________________________________________________.
II. For each of the sentences, write a new sentence as similar as possible in meaning to the original sentence, using
the word given in CAPITALS. This word must not be altered in any way.
1. What astounds me is that he paid the money before having a look at the goods. IT
I find ________________________________________________________ before he paid for them.
2. As my roommate continues to give me a lift to work, I shan’t learn to drive. STOP
Were _________________________________________________________, I would learn to drive.
3. “I’m sorry, I know nothing about computer programming,” said the interviewee. HAVING
The interviewee admitted to _____________________________________ computer programming.
4. Please do not disturb the contestants under any circumstances. ACCOUNT
On _________________________________________________________________ to be disturbed.
5. I was just about to leave the office when the phone started ringing. POINT
I was __________________________________________________ when the phone started ringing.
Rewrite the following sentences in such a way that their meanings remain unchanged, using the
words given.
91. We couldn’t get nearer because of the police.
 The police ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
92. Somebody repaired her car yesterday.
 She ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .
93. I'm on the fifth page of the letter I'm writing.
 So far .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
94. I only recognized him when he came into the room
 It .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
95. Thanks to Lan’s help, I was able to finish the project.
 Had ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
96. Could you take me to the station in your car, please? (lift)
 Would you mind ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................
97. 'I'll drive Tim to the airport,' Martin insisted. (insisted)
 Martin ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
98. I don't understand why Bob's going to study science. (sense)
 It doesn't ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
99. There's no way Bethany will resign from her job. (intention)
 Bethany ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
100. I didn't take a picture of that bird before it flew away, and now I regret it! (should)
 I ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
91. Richard only took over the family business because his father decided to retire early.
 But for his .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
92. Phuong works more efficiently if she’s pressed for time.
 The less .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
93. You may be smart, but you must be educated to become an overall successful person.
 Smart .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
94. “Mum, please don’t tell dad about my mistake,” the boy said.
 The boy begged .................................................................................................................................................................................................................
95. “You shouldn’t have leaked our confidential report to the press, Frank!” said Jane.
 Jane criticized .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................
96. I can't find the answer without a calculator. (out)
 I can't .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
97. My friend took no notice of my advice. (deaf)
 My friend ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
98. These two makes of computer are practically the same. (hardly)
 There .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
99. His smooth manner didn't deceive us. (taken)
 We were ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
100. Everyone who spoke to the victim is a suspect. (under)
 Everyone who ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................
91. I never intended to go to the meeting.
 I never had ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
92. He forgot about the gun until he got home.
 Not until .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
93. You really should be able to dress yourself by now!
 It’s high time ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
94. She never seems to succeed eventhough she studies much.
 Much .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
95. Maria didn’t apply for the job in the library and regrets it now
 Maria wishes ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................
96. Dick's school is making him sit his exams again. made
 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
97. John is not accustomed to sleeping after meals. (habit)
 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
98. The service at the hotel wasn't as good as I expected. (come)
 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
99. It's very kind of you to help me with the suitcase. (appreciate)
 .....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
100. He used to get up very late. habit
Read the passage and choose the best answer for each question below.
The history of clinical nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the
body takes in and utilizes food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras: the first began in the
nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century when it was recognized for the first
time that food contained constituents that were essential for human function and that different foods
provided different amounts of these essential agents. Near the end of this era, research studies
demonstrated that rapid weight loss was associated with nitrogen imbalance and could only be
rectified by providing adequate dietary protein associated with certain foods.
The second era was initiated in the early decades of the twentieth century and might be called
"the vitamin period. "Vitamins came to be recognized in foods, and deficiency syndromes were
described. As vitamins became recognized as essential food constituents necessary for health, it
became tempting to suggest that every disease and condition for which there had been no previous
effective treatment might be responsive to vitamin therapy. At that point in time, medical schools
started to become more interested in having their curricula integrate nutritional concepts into the
basic sciences. Much of the focus of this education was on the recognition of deficiency symptoms.
Herein lay the beginning of what ultimately turned from ignorance to denial of the value of nutritional
therapies in medicine. Reckless claims were made for effects of vitamins that went far beyond what
could actually be achieved from the use of them.
In the third era of nutritional history in the early 1950's to mid-1960's, vitamin therapy began
to fall into disrepute. Concomitant with this, nutrition education in medical schools also became less
popular. It was just a decade before this that many drug companies had found their vitamin sales
skyrocketing and were quick to supply practicing physicians with generous samples of vitamins and
literature extolling the virtue of supplementation for a variety of health-related conditions.
Expectations as to the success of vitamins in disease control were exaggerated. As is known in
retrospect, vitamin and mineral therapies are much less effective when applied to health-crisis
conditions than when applied to long-term problems of under nutrition that lead to chronic health
problems.
81. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. The stages of development of clinical nutrition as a field of study
B. The history of food preferences from the nineteenth century to the present
C. The effects of vitamins on the human body
D. Nutritional practices of the nineteenth century
82. It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following discoveries was made during the
first era in the history of nutrition?
A. Certain foods were found to be harmful to good health.
B. Vitamins were synthesized from foods.
C. Effective techniques of weight loss were determined.
D. Protein was recognized as an essential component of diet.
83. The word "tempting" is closest in meaning to ________.
A. realistic B. necessary C. correct D. attractive
84. It can be inferred from the passage that medical schools began to teach concepts of nutrition in
order to ________.
A. encourage medical doctors to apply concepts of nutrition in the treatment of disease
B. support the creation of artificial vitamins
C. convince doctors to conduct experimental vitamin therapies on their patients
D. convince medical doctors to participate in research studies on nutrition
85. The word "Reckless" is closest in meaning to________.
A. recorded B. irresponsible C. informative D. urgent
86. The word "them" refers to
A. effects B. vitamins C. claims D. therapies
87. Why did vitamin therapy begin losing favor in the 1950's?
A. Medical schools stopped teaching nutritional concepts
B. Nutritional research was of poor quality
C. The public lost interest in vitamins
D. Claims for the effectiveness of vitamin therapy were seen to be exaggerated.
88. The phrase "concomitant with" is closest in meaning to ________.
A. in dispute with B. prior to C. in conjunction with D. in regard to
89. The word "skyrocketing" is closest in meaning to ________.
A. internationally popular B. increasing rapidly
C. surprising D. acceptable
90. The paragraph following the passage most probably discusses ________.
A. Why nutrition education lost its appeal B. Problems associated with undernutrition
C. The fourth era of nutrition history D. How drug companies became successful