Student: Ronald Soriano Professor: Dr.

Rosario Quicho
Course: EDUC OU 700 Theories of Learning Topic: Lesson 3
ENRICHMENT ACTIVITIES

1. Based on your own experiences, list examples of factors inherent to you as the learner, to your teacher and
your environment that have either facilitated or hindered your learning. Explain how these influenced your
learning.

Learner Factors Facilitating Hindering

1. Age ✓
Reason: While in Grade 2, being younger than most of the students in the classroom,
I felt like I could not catch up with the explanation of the
teacher, especially in Language and Grammar and Mathematics classes.
2. Sex ✓
Reason: From Grade 3 onwards, I felt like as a male (I am not being sexist), I could understand
mathematical and scientific concepts better than my female classmates.
3. Passion ✓
Reason: Being passionate about learning new things keep me goal driven to gain knowledge on
almost any subject, except for PE.
4. Habits ✓
Reason: Daily after school upon reaching home, I would allot two to three hours of a self-guided study
session to understand topics just taught by the teacher.

Teacher Factors Facilitating Hindering

1. Rewards/Praises ✓
Reason: Rewards, praises, and good grades motivate learning. The first time I got a grade of 90, I strived for
higher numbers.
2. Subject Mastery, Teaching Style ✓
Reason: When I attended tertiary classrooms, I found out that most of the knowledge I learned in the
secondary were way behind curricula. I struggled hard to allot a lot of time studying on subjects that were
supposed to have been taught to us in high school.
3. Credibility, IQ, EQ ✓
Reason: My instructors in the university I attended were very impressive. Though the teaching style was
authoritarian, as is in most university lecture scenarios, some lecturers would pass on inspiring and
motivational attitude in learning (as in teaching) that students would want to emulate.

Environment/Cultural Factors Facilitating Hindering

1. Private Community High School ✓
Reason: Although the curricula of private schools are aligned with the Department of Education’s,
learning in the private sector (especially in municipalities or communities) is not as good as in state-
funded schools and is often laid-back.
2. Social Status, Poverty ✓
Reason: This is passe’ in a Philippine-based learning. However, one of the primary factors hindering
academic success in the Philippines is poverty. For instance, I had to study 12 years in college to complete
my bachelor’s degree.
Student: Ronald Soriano Professor: Dr. Rosario Quicho
Course: EDUC OU 700 Theories of Learning Topic: Lesson 3
2. Self-quiz “ “Your Emerging Theory/Philosophy of Teaching and
Learning”

As a starter in this course, you may be interested to check yourself to see how you view teaching and learning.
Just follow the simple instructions.
Print a copy of the rating scale. Then, using the scale below rate the extent of your agreement with each of the
following statements. Write a 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 on the blank space before each item depending on your
opinion. Please rate every statement but note that you cannot give a rating of 4.

1= strongly disagree 2= disagree for the most part 3= disagree a little

5= agree a little 6= agree for the most part 7= strongly agree

__7B_1. Students learn best when they receive good grades, praise or other rewards for a job well done.
7C,7H 2. Children learn best when they discover answers for questions and problems themselves.
__7B_3. Learning has occurred when there is a measurable change in student behavior.

__6H_4. School learning should involve the total development of the person.

__6C 5. Learning requires concept formation and mental construction of knowledge into concept systems.
__7H 6. Fostering social and emotional development is just as important as the development of academic skills.
__6B 7. Learning occurs best when the overall task is broken down into a sequence of short steps.
__5C 8. It is important to help students organize their thinking by teaching them general concepts and principles
first.
__7H 9. Students can be trusted to find their own goals and should be given choices as to what and how to
learn.
__6H 10. Helping students feel good about themselves is just as important as the academic skills they are
taught.
__6B 11. Students learn best when they observe a demonstration or model of the skill and then practice it.
__7C 12. Learning is most effective when students are taught problem solving and other thinking/learning
skills.
__7H 13. Significant learning only takes place when the subject matter is perceived by the student as having
relevance in his/her life and when personal meaning can be attributed.
__7H 14. The teacher should be a facilitator of learning rather than a presenter of knowledge.
__7B 15. Objectives or outcomes should be identified and stated before the teaching process begins.
__6C 16. If information is organized properly, students can learn very effectively through teacher presentation.

__7B 17. For the most effective learning, students’ errors should be minimized and successes maximized.
__7C 18. It is crucial that instruction be organized so as to help students grasp the major concepts of the subject.
__5B 19. Self-paced, independent learning materials (such as computer-based programs) that provide for
immediate reinforcement of correct responses are effective means of instruction.
__6C 20. Students learn most effectively when they are allowed to rely on their own experiences and
background knowledge to mentally “construct” their own, personal understandings of course concepts.

SCORING AND INTERPRETING THE RATING SCALE

Student: Ronald Soriano Professor: Dr. Rosario Quicho
Course: EDUC OU 700 Theories of Learning Topic: Lesson 3

After you have answered the 20 items,

1. Write the following letter(s) beside your rating to each item:

B for items 1, 3, 7, 11, 15, 17, and 19

C for items 2, 5, 8, 12, 16, 18, and 20
H for items 2, 4, 6, 9, 10, 13, and 14

(Note that item # 2 will have both a C and an H next to it)

2. Now add up the total of your ratings for all the Bs, Cs, and Hs. You should have three totals between 7 and
49.
B = 45 C = 44 H = 47
3. Each of the three totals tells you the extent of your agreement with one of the three teaching models: B for
Behaviorism, C for Cognitive, and H for Humanism.

4. Examine the items which you have given the highest ratings. This suggests your working philosophy or
viewpoint with regards to teaching and learning.

If the results came as a surprise to you this is an important opportunity to explore the various
learning/teaching models that will be discussed.

5. Additional Activity: Do you agree on the results which you obtained? Why or why not? What is the
implication of this result for you as a future teacher?

The result shows that I am a pro-Humanism model, and I agree to it. As the saying goes, “Experience is the best
teacher;” thus, students who exert time and effort in discovering meanings behind concepts so that the concepts
could be understood in simpler and more concrete ways are those who learn best. Experiential learning, as it can
be referred to, is always as good as achieving an A+ grade. As a teacher, I am student-centered and practise
differentiated strategies because learners have individual differences, needs, and interests.

2. Exercise on the Uses of Learning Theories

1. List some ways in which the following individuals can utilize or benefit from learning theories:

These learning theories are well defined in educationdegree.com:

a. Behaviorism- This theory states that behavior is explained by external factors and that behavioral
conditioning is utilized as the universal learning process. In this theory, positive and
negative reinforcements, including rewards and punishments, are effective tools in
modifying the learning and behavior of learners.

b. Cognitivism- Jean Piaget, the proponent, believes that a child develops cognitive routes of
understanding
and physical response to experiences. The most effective mode of learning is reading
texts and lecture instruction.
Student: Ronald Soriano Professor: Dr. Rosario Quicho
Course: EDUC OU 700 Theories of Learning Topic: Lesson 3
c. Humanism- The subject of learning is the individual. This theory asserts that learning is a natural
process,
helping a person reach self-actualization. In humanistic learning, scenarios and role modeling,
i.e., experiences, explorations, and observations, are the key factors.

Based on these theories:

Policy-Makers:
1. Policy makers can use the Cognitivism model to design educational policies and their
impact on private and public schools.
2. Through well-represented statistics and surveys after the pilot stage, policy makers will be
able to formulate solutions that will most likely succeed after implementation.
3. Using Humanistic approach, successful policies can be observed on a certain ‘incubation’
period, where the results in academic institutions will be seen, by mostly, a rise in the
academic performance of state and private schools. Policy makers use experiences to learn
and modify any disruptions in the statistical data.
School Administrators
1. School administrators have been using the Behaviorism model to raise the professional and
academic competencies of their staff and faculty. Recognitions such as ‘Teacher of the
Year,’ or promotions towards supervisory roles are efficient tools to improve organizational
performance.
2. However, administrators also impose punishments on impulsive and deviant behaviors, such
as giving demerits or cutting the salary of frequent absentees, or imposing sanctions such as
dismissal to teachers who have shown unprofessional behavior, i.e. applying physical force
to students.
Teachers
1. Teachers apply different strategies and learning theories in their classroom. Traditional
teachers, for instance, are more likely to use Cognitivism and Asynchronous learning.
Professors and instructors of tertiary schools also benefit from the learning theory.
2. However, in today’s learning environment where technology is a major tool in the learning
process of learners, teachers are expected to be equipped with 21 st century skills such as
leanings towards digital resources and platforms to facilitate learning in the classroom. As
such, the Humanistic and Behavioral approaches are more suited than the Cognitivism style.
3. Teachers utilize Humanistic theory as an effective tool of learning. Here, learners learn via
experiences, observations, and self-reflections, which are essential elements of a learner-
centered teaching style
Learners
1. With Behaviorist approach, learners learn how to impose discipline on themselves to receive
merits, rewards, praises, or good grades. Learners showing misbehavior get motivated to
change for the better in such pursuit.
2. With Cognitivism, learners benefit by piling a stack of knowledge on topics/subjects they
have interests in.
3. Perhaps the best learning tunnel is through Humanism, as learners learn the hard way. With
hard work and determination, their experiences hone their primary skills, making them
master topics or areas of their interests.
Parents
1. Parents typically use the Behaviorist approach to motivate their children to learn. They
sometimes bribe with money or offer an extraordinary experience as a reward for good
Student: Ronald Soriano Professor: Dr. Rosario Quicho
Course: EDUC OU 700 Theories of Learning Topic: Lesson 3
behavior and good learning. On a different view, they would punish underperforming
learners with physical force, grounding, and so on.
2. Parents also benefit with letting their children learn on their own—own pace, own learning
experience, provided they can do it on their own.

The Community
1. Communities typically use Behaviorist approach to learn. Public officials rise to better
positions due to good contributions in the development of the community. Societies impose
sanctions on misdemeanor and crimes.
2. Communities also use the Humanism theory consistently. People learn from their own
mistakes, for instance, from refraining to overspeed after paying an excessive amount of fine.
3. People also are asynchronous learners. Policies and directives sent from government offices
are read and understood by themselves.

Others Involved In The Teaching-Learning Process.

In general, theories pave a pathway towards understanding how people learn and
presents a way to explain, describe, analyze and predict the occurrence of learning, thus,
give more informed decisions around the design, development, and delivery of
learning. 

PERSONAL LEARNING JOURNAL

Date: 18 April 2020

Activity: (may involve reading, observing, conducting training or any topic relevant to learning).
Responses:

1. The topic/issue I particularly liked and would like to explore more is Nativism theory. It has caught my
attention and interest because of some development in linguistics that seem to provide a contextual
support.
2. The questions I have in relation to the topics and issues are what separates the prodigy children with the
normal children. Some children seem to have an advanced mind to be able to tackle concepts and
structures on par with a fully mature adult.
3. The knowledge/insights I gained from this module and the activities are that learning is a process and
that it depends on several factors intrinsic and extrinsic to the learners.
4. With this learning experience I intend to be a learner-centered teacher, given its effectiveness.

Reference:

The Five Educational Learning Theories. Accessed on 18 April 2020 at www.educationdegree.com.