Daniel PROJECT : PAGE :

CLIENT : DESIGN BY :
Tian Li JOB NO. : DATE : REVIEW BY :
Simply Supported Beam Design with Torsional Loading Based on AISC 13th (AISC 360-05)

INPUT DATA & DESIGN SUMMARY

BEAM SECTION = > W10X54 => A d rx ry Ix Sx
GRAVITY DISTRIBUTED LOAD w = 1.15 kips / ft 15.8 10.1 4.38 2.55 303 60
LATERAL POINT LOAD AT MID F= 5 kips Iy Sy l tw bf tf
TORSION AT MID SPAN T= 5.1 ft-kips 103 20.6 0.01744 0.37 10.00 0.62
AXIAL LOAD P= 96 kips
BEAM LENGTH L= 15 ft
BEAM YIELD STRESS Fy = 50 ksi
VERTICAL BENDING UNBRACED LENGTH Lb = 15 ft
AXIAL VERTICAL UNBRACED LENGTH Lx = 15 ft
AXIAL HORIZONTAL UNBRACED LENGTH Ly = 7.5 ft

ANALYSIS
DETERMINE GOVERNING MOMENTS AT MIDDLE OF SPAN
Mx = w L2/ 8 = 32.3 ft-kips
My = F L / 4 = 18.8 ft-kips
M0 = T L / (4d) = 22.7 ft-kips THE BEAM DESIGN IS ADEQUATE.
MT = bM0 = 13.3 ft-kips

  L 2
4 sinh 
2 
    0.584 ,(Philip page 101)
 L sinh  L

CHECK TORSIONAL CAPACITY (AISC 360-05 H3.3 & Philip page 100)
fbx / Fnx = 0.73 < 1.00 [Satisfactory]
Where fbx = Mx / Sx + 2MT / Sy = 21.93 ksi
Fnx = Fy / WT = Fy / 1.67 = 29.94 ksi

CHECK COMBINED COMPRESSION AND BENDING CAPACITY (AISC 360-05, H1)

 P r 8  M rx M ry  P r  0.2
     , for
P
 c 9 M
 cx M cy  P c
  1.08 < 4/3 [Satisfactory]
 P r  M rx M ry 
  , for P r  0.2

2 P  M cx M cy  Pc
 c  

Where Pr = 96 kips
Mrx = (Mx / Sx + 2MT / Sy) Sx = 109.7 ft-kips, (Sim. from Philip page 100)
Mry = 18.8 ft-kips
Pc = Pn / Wc = 721 / 1.67 = 431.971 kips, (AISC 360-05 Chapter E)
> 3/4 Pr [Satisfactory]
Mcx = Mn / Wb = 252.623 / 1.67 = 151.271 ft-kips, (AISC 360-05 Chapter F)
> Mrx [Satisfactory]
Mcy = Mn / Wb = 130.417 / 1.67 = 78.0938 ft-kips, (AISC 360-05 Chapter F)
> 3/4 Mry [Satisfactory]

DETERMINE DEFLECTIONS

 L 
T   L 2sinh 2  L
     sinh  0.22127 o , max twist angle at middle (Philip page 100)
2GJ   2 sinh   L   2
 

Where G = 11200 ksi Es = 29000 ksi

J = 1.82 in4
 (cont'd)
5wL 4
vert   0.15 in = L / 1207 , vertical deflection at middle
384 E I 3
Where I3 = Ix sin2(90-f) + Iy cos2(90-f) = 303 in4 , (AISC 13th Page 17-42)

F L3
 horiz   0.20 in = L / 885 , horizontal deflection at middle
48 E I 4
Where I4 = Ix cos2(90-f) + Iy sin2(90-f) = 103 in4 , (AISC 13th Page 17-42)

Technical References:
1. AISC: "Steel Construction Manual 13th Edition", American Institute of Steel Construction, 2005.
2. Philip H. Lin: "Simplified Design for Torsional Loading of Rolled Steel Members", Engineering Journal, AISC, 1977.
 Daniel ROJECT : PAGE :
CLIENT : DESIGN BY :
Tian Li JOB NO. : DATE : REVIEW BY :
Plate Girder Design Based on AISC Manual 13th Edition (AISC 360-05)

INPUT DATA & DESIGN SUMMARY

STEEL YIELD STRESS Fy = 50 ksi
SIMPLY SUPPORTED SPAN S= 15 ft
SUPERIMPOSED UNIFORM DEAD LOAD DL = kips / ft
UNIFORM LIVE LOAD LL = kips / ft
POINT DEAD LOAD PDL = kips
POINT LIVE LOAD PLL = kips
DISTANCE POINT LOAD TO END c= ft
TOP FLANGE WIDTH bf,top = 10.00 in
TOP FLANGE THICKNESS tf,top = 0.62 in
BOTTOM FLANGE WIDTH bf,bot = 10 in
BOTTOM FLANGE THICKNESS tf,bot = 0.615 in
WEB THICKNESS tw = 0.37 in
BEAM DEPTH d= 10.1 in Err:502
UNBRACED LENGTH Lb = 15 ft FLANGE TO WEB WELDING USE 1/4 in - 24 in @ 2293 in o.c.

THE GIRDER DESIGN IS ADEQUATE.

ANALYSIS
CHECK LIMITING WIDTH-THICKNESS RATIOS FOR WEB (AISC 365-05 Table B4.1)
hc / tw = 23.97 < lr = 137.27
< lp = 90.55
Compact Web
where E= 29000 ksi
lr = 5.7 (E / Fy)0.5 = 137.27
lp = (hc / hp) (E / Fy)0.5 / (0.54 Mp / My -0.09)2 = 87.03 ,for Af,top ≠ Af,bot
lp = 3.76 (E / Fy)0.5 = 90.55 ,for Af,top = Af,bot
hc = 8.87 in hp = 9.46 in
Mp = 277.5 ft-kips My = 250.0 ft-kips

CHECK LIMITING WIDTH-THICKNESS RATIOS FOR FLANGES (AISC 365-05 Table B4.1)
0.5 bf,top / tf,top = 8.13 < lr = 25.09
< lp = 9.15
Compact Flanges
where lr = 1.0 (kc E / FL)0.5 = 25.09
lp = 0.38 (E / Fy)0.5 = 9.15
kc = Min [0.76 , Max (0.35 , 4 / (h / hw)0.5 )] = 0.76
Sxt = 60 in3 Sxc = 60 in3
FL = 35 ksi, (AISC 360-05 Table note B4.1 & Eq F4-6)

DETERMINE CRITERIA FOR ALLOWABLE FLEXURAL STRENGTH (AISC 365-05 Table F1.1)

Chapter F Sections
Required Conditions F2 F3 F4 F5
Double Symmetric x x
Compact Web x x
x
Noncompact Web
Slender Web Mallowable = Mn / Wb = 151.3 ft-kips
Compact Flanges x ( from following analysis)
Noncompact Flanges
Slender Flanges
Applicable Section ok

DETERMINE ALLOWABLE FLEXURAL STRENGTH , Mn / Wb , BASED ON AISC 365-05 Chapter F2

E 9.02 ft
L p  1.76 r y 
Fy

2
E Jc  0.7 F y S xh 0  E
L r  1.95r ts 1  1  6.76   r ts  33.66 ft
0.7 F y S xh0  E Jc  0.7 F
  y

where ry = 2.55 in Sx = 60 in3

h0 = 9.49 in Iy = 103 in4
 (cont'd)
Cw = Iy h02 / 4 = 2316.6 , (AISC 365-05 F2.2)
J = [tw d (tw2 + d2)] / 12 = 31.8102 in4, (not applicable if taken web only, EIT Manual page 26)
(Use J= 1.82 in4 )
rts =[( Iy Cw)0.5/ Sx)]0.5 = 2.85 in
c= 1.0 Cb = 1.0 , (AISC Manual 13th Table 3-1, page 3-10)

2
C b 2E Jc  L b  101.524 ksi
F cr  2
1  0.078   
 Lb  S x h 0  r ts 
 
 r ts 

 M p , for L b  L p

    Lb  L p   
M n, F 2   Min  C b  M p   M p  0.7 F y S x  
   , M p  , for L p  L b  L r
  252.6 ft-kips
 L
 r  L p  
  


 Min  F S
cr x , M p  , for L r  L b

Mallowable, F2 =Mn / Wb = 151.3 ft-kips where Wb = 1.67 , (AISC 365-05 F1)

DETERMINE ALLOWABLE FLEXURAL STRENGTH , Mn / Wb , BASED ON AISC 365-05 Chapter F3

<== Not Applicable.

     pf  
  M p   M p  0.7 F y S x    , for Noncompact Flanges
    rf   pf  
M n, F 3      284.1 ft-kips
 0.9 E k c S x
 , for Slender Flanges
 2
where l = bf / (2 tf) = 8.13
lpf = lp = 9.15 lrf = lr = 25.09

Mallowable, F3 =Min(Mn,F2 , Mn,F3) / Wb = 151.3 ft-kips

DETERMINE ALLOWABLE FLEXURAL STRENGTH , Mn / Wb , BASED ON AISC 365-05 Chapter F4

<== Not Applicable.

E 6.33 ft
L p  1.1r t 
Fy

2
E J  S h 
L r  1.95r t 1  1  6.76 F L xc 0   33.85 ft
FL S xc h 0  E J 

where aw =hc tw/ (bfc tfc) = 0.53

b fc
rt   2.87 in
 1 2 
12  h 0  a w h 
 d 6 h 0d 

Mp = Min [Zx Fy , 1.6Sxc Fy ] = 277.5 ft-kips

Myc = Sxc Fy = 250 ft-kips Myt = Sxt Fy = 250 ft-kips
l = h c / tw = 25.64
lpw = lp = 87.03 lrw = lr = 137.27

Mp
 , for h c / t w   pw
 M yc
R pc    1.11
 Min  M p   M p  1     pw  , M p  , for h c / t w   pw
      
  M yc  M yc    rw   pw  M yc 

2
C b 2E 1  0.078 J  L b  
F cr  2   102.385 ksi, (for Iyc / Iy = 0.50 > 0.23, AISC 360-05 F4-5 )
 Lb  S xc h 0  r t 
 
 rt 

 R pc M yc , for L b  L p

    Lb  L p  
M n, F 4.2   Min  C b  R pc M yc   R pc M yc  F L S xc      , R pc M yc  , for L p  L b  L r
  245.2238 ft-kips
    L r L p   

 Min  F S
cr xc , R pc M yc  , for L r  L b
 (cont'd)
 R pc M yc , for Compact Flanges

     pf 
 R pc M yc   R pc M yc  F L S xc     , for Noncompact Flanges 277.5 ft-kips

M n, F 5.3     rf   pf 
  

 0.9 E k c S xc
 , for Slender Flanges
 2
M p
 , for h c / t w   pw
 M yt
R pt   1.11
 Min  M p   M p  1     pw  , M p  , for h c / t w   pw
      
  M yt  M yt    rw   pw  M yt 

Mallowable, F4 = Min( Mn,F4.2 , Mn,F4.3, RptMyt) / Wb = 146.8 ft-kips

DETERMINE ALLOWABLE FLEXURAL STRENGTH , Mn / Wb , BASED ON AISC 365-05 Chapter F5

<== Not Applicable.
E
Lr   rt  21.62 ft
0.7 F y

 F y , for L b  L p

    L b  L p  
 Min  C b  F y   0.3F y   
  , F y  ,

for L p  L b  L r
  
  L r L p  
 
 41.4981 ksi

F cr , F 5.2    
  
  C b 2E 
 Min  2
, F y  , for L r  L b
   Lb  
  r  
  t  

 F y , for Compact Flanges


     pf  
  F y   0.3F y     , for Noncompact Flanges
    rf   pf  
F cr , F 5.3    50 ksi
 0.9 E k c , for Slender Flanges
 2
  b f 
  2t f 
 
 Min  a w , 10   hc E  
R pg  Min 1    5.7  , 1.0   1
 1200  300Min  a w , 10   t w 
Fy  
  
Mallowable, F5 = Min( RpgFySxc , RpgFcr,F5.2Sxc , RpgFcr,F5.3Sxc , FySxt) / Wb = 124.2 ft-kips

DETERMINE ALLOWABLE SHEAR STRENGTH , Vn / Wv , BASED ON AISC 365-05 Chapter G2

h = d - tf,top - tf,bot = 9 in , h / tw = 24 , Aw = 3.74 in2 ,

a= 14.7 ft 
1.0 , for h / t w1.10 k vE
 5  Fy
5 2
, for a / h3 
kv   a / h    1.10 k vE E E
5.00 Cv  , for 1.10 k v h / t w1.37 k v  1.000
 h/tw F y Fy Fy
5 , for a / h 3 
Vn = 0.6 FyAwCv = 112.11 kips  1.51E k v , for 1.37 k vE  h /
 h/ 2 tw
  t w F y
 Fy

Vallowable = Vn / Wv = 67.1317 kips Wv = 1.67 , (AISC 365-05 G1)

TOTAL SUPERIMPOSED GRAVITY LOAD

w = DL + LL = 0.000 kips / ft , P = PDL + PLL = 0.00 kips

CHECK EACH SECTION CAPACITIES

Section Left 0.00 S 0.00 S 0.00 S 0.00 S 0.00 S Point 0.17 S 0.33 S 0.50 S 0.67 S 0.83 S Right
Distance 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.50 5.00 7.50 10.00 12.50 15.00
d (in) 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
y (in) 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
I (in4) 299 299 299 299 299 299 299 299 299 299 299 299 299
Wt (plf) 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0
V (kips) 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.00 -0.27 -0.13 0.00 0.13 0.27 0.40
M (ft-k) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0
 (cont'd)

BENDING LOADS & CAPACITY

Moments
0
-20
-40
-60
-80
-100
-120
-140
-160
Length

Mmax = 1.491237 ft-kips @ 7.50 ft, from heel.

< Mallowable = 151.271 ft-kips
[Satisfactory]
S h ear F o rces

SHEAR LOADS & CAPACITY

-65.50
-66.00
-66.50
-67.00
-67.50
-68.00
Length

Vmax = 0.40 kips @ 15.00 ft, from heel.

< Vallowable = 67.1317 kips [Satisfactory]

DETERMINE DEFLECTION AT MID SPAN

5w L 4 0.06415 Pb
 L 2 b 2  
3/ 2
 DL   0.01 in ( L / 25804 )
384 EI EIL (for camber, self Wt included.)

where E= 29000 ksi w= 0.053 kips / ft

I= 299 in4 P= 0 kips
b= 0.3 ft L= 15.0 ft

5w L 4 0.06415Pb
 L 2b 2  
3/ 2
 LL   0.00 #DIV/0!
384 EI EIL

where P= 0 kips w= 0.000 kips / ft

DETERMINE FLANGE TO WEB WELDING (AISC 360-05 J2.4 )

w= 1/4 in
wmin = 3/16 in, < w
wmax = 4/16 in, > w
W= 2.0
Vmax = 0.40 kips
Q = Af(d - y - 0.5 tf,top) = 29 in3
vmax = Vmax Q / I = 0.04 kips / in

A= 24 in B
0.6 F EXX 0.707 w  A  2293 in. o.c.
v max 
USE 1/4 in - 24 in @ 2293 in o.c.

DESIGN STIFFENERS

1. BEARING STIFFENERS ARE REQUIRED AT EACH END SUPPORT. (AISC 360-05, J10.8)

2. CHECK LOCAL WEB YIELDING FOR THE CONCENTRATED LOAD. (AISC 360-05, J10.2)
R=P= 0.00 kips
N= 0 in, bearing length, point.
k = tf,top + w = 0.87 in
W= 1.5

 R
 , for c  d
 t w  N  5k 
  0.00 < Fy / W [Satisfactory]
 R
, for c  d
 t w  N  2.5 k 

 (cont'd)
3. CHECK WEB CRIPPLING FOR THE CONCENTRATED LOAD. (AISC 360-05, J10.3)

W= 2.0
  1.5
 2 N  t w   EF ywt f , for c 0.5d
0.80t w 13 d  
 t f   tw
  
Rn /   1 /    85.01 > P [Satisfactory]
  1.5
0.40t 2w 13 N  t w   EF ywt f , for c 0.5d
   
 d  t f  tw

  

(Note : If item 2, local web yielding is Satisfactory, this item does not need to be checked.)

4. CHECK SIDESWAY WEB BUCKING FOR THE CONCENTRATED LOAD. (AISC 360-05, J10.4)
dc = d - 2k = 8.37 in
Cr = 960000 ksi
(dc / tw ) / (l / bf) = 1.26
W= 1.76
 3  3
 C r t wt f  0.4 d c / t w   , for d c / t w 1.7
 h 2   l / b f   l/bf
  
 3
 C r t 3wt f    
Rn /   1 /   10.4 d c / t w   , for 1.7  d c / t w  2.3  171.48 > P [Satisfactory]
 h
2   l/b f   l/b f
   

 dc / tw
P , for l / 2.3
 bf



(Note : If item 2, local web yielding is Satisfactory, this item does not need to be checked.)

5. DETERMINE STIFFENER SIZE.

tw = 1/3 in , bst = 4 in

bst / tw = 12.80 < 0.56 (E / Fy)0.5 , (AISC 360-05 Table B4.1)

[Satisfactory]
Ag = 4.14 in2 , I= 15 in4

R= 0.4 kips
Wc = 1.67 , (AISC 365-05 E1)
Kl/r= 0.75 h / ( I / Aeff)0.5 = 3.5
Cc = 4.71 (E/ Fy)0.5 = 113

 2E  23867.77 ksi
Fe 
 kl / r 2
 Fy kl
 0.658 F e  F y , for  Cc
 r
R n / c  A g / c     123.9 kips, (AISC 360-05 E2)
 kl
 0.877 F e , for r  Cc > R [Satisfactory]

Techincal Reference:
1. AISC: "Steel Construction Manual 13th Edition", American Institute of Steel Construction, 2005.
 Daniel PROJECT : PAGE :
CLIENT : DESIGN BY :
Tian Li JOB NO. : DATE : REVIEW BY :
Simply Supported Beam Design with Torsional Loading Based on AISC Manual 9th

INPUT DATA & DESIGN SUMMARY

BEAM SECTION = > W10X54 => A d rx ry Ix Sx
GRAVITY DISTRIBUTED LOAD w = 1.15 kips / ft 15.8 10.1 4.38 2.55 303 60
LATERAL POINT LOAD AT MID F= 5 kips Iy Sy l tw bf tf
TORSION AT MID SPAN T= 5.1 ft-kips 103 20.6 0.01744 0.37 10.00 0.62
AXIAL LOAD P= 96 kips
BEAM LENGTH L= 15 ft
BEAM YIELD STRESS Fy = 50 ksi
VERTICAL BENDING UNBRACED LENGTH Lb = 15 ft
AXIAL VERTICAL UNBRACED LENGTH Lx = 15 ft
AXIAL HORIZONTAL UNBRACED LENGTH Ly = 7.5 ft

ANALYSIS
CHECK LOCAL BUCKLING (AISC-ASD Tab. B5.1)
bf / (2tf ) = 8.13 < 65 / (Fy)0.5 = 9.19
[Satisfactory]
d / tw = 27.30 < 640 / (Fy)0.5 = 90.51 THE BEAM DESIGN IS ADEQUATE.
[Satisfactory]

DETERMINE GOVERNING MOMENTS AT MIDDLE OF SPAN

Mx = w L2/ 8 = 32.3 ft-kips
  L 2
My = F L / 4 = 18.8 ft-kips 4 sinh 
2 
M0 = T L / (4d) = 22.7 ft-kips     0.584 ,(Philip page 101)
 L sinh  L
MT = bM0 = 13.3 ft-kips

DETERMINE GOVERNING UNBALANCED SEGMENT LENGTH (AISC-ASD F1)

Lc = MIN[76bf/(Fy)0.5 , 20000/(d/Af)Fy] = 8.96 ft
Lu = MAX[rT(102000Cb/Fy)0.5 , 12000Cb/(d/Af)0.6Fy] = 20.30 ft
L3 = rT(510000Cb/Fy) 0.5
= 22.39 ft
Where (d/Af) = 1.64 in-1
rT = 2.66
Cb = 1.00

DETERMINE ALLOWABLE BENDING STRESSES (AISC-ASD F1)

= 0.66Fy = N/A ksi, for Lb @ [0, Lc]
= 0.60Fy = 30.00 ksi, for Lb @ (Lc, Lu]
Fbx = { = MAX(Fb1, Fb3) = N/A ksi, for Lb @ (Lu, L3]
= MAX(Fb2, Fb3) = N/A ksi, for Lb @ (L3, Larger)

Where Fb1 = MIN{[2/3 - Fy(L/rT)2/(1530000Cb)]Fy , 0.6Fy} = 25.85 ksi

Fb2 = MIN[170000Cb/(L/rT)2, Fy/3] = 16.67 ksi
Fb3 = MIN[12000Cb/(Ld/Af), 0.6Fy] = 30.00 ksi

CHECK VERTICAL FLEXURAL CAPACITY (AISC-ASD F & Philip page 100)

fbx / Fbx = 0.73 < 1.00 [Satisfactory]
Where fbx = Mx / Sx + 2MT / Sy = 21.93 ksi
 (cont'd)
CHECK COMPRESSION CAPACITY (AISC-ASD E2)
fa / Fa = 0.24 < 1.33 [Satisfactory]
Where fa = P / A = 6.08 ksi
K = 1.0
Es = 29000 ksi (1-F2/2)Fy / (5/3+3F/8-F3/8) = 25.68 ksi, for Cc > (Kl/r)
Fa = {
Cc = (2p Es/Fy)
2 0.5
= 107 12p Es/[23(KL/r) ] =
2 2
N/A ksi, for Cc < (Kl/r)
KL/r = MAX(KLx/rx, KLy/ry) = 41.10 < 200 [Satisfactory]
F = (KL/ r) / Cc = 0.38

CHECK COMBINED STRESS (AISC-ASD H1)

fa / Fa = 0.24 > 0.15

fa C mx f bx C my f by
   1.33 < 1.33
Fa  f   f 
 1 a F bx 1 a F by
 F'   F 'ey 
 ex   

Where Cm = 1.00
fby = My / Sy = 10.92 ksi
Fby = 0.75 Fy = 37.50 ksi

12 2E 12 2E
F 'ex   88.39 ksi F 'ey  2
 120.18 ksi
2
K
23 l x 
Kl 
rx 23 y 
  ry

fa f bx f by
   1.22 < 1.33
0.6 F y F bx F by

fa f f by
 bx   1.26 < 1.33 <== Not applicable.
Fa F bx F by
[Satisfactory]

DETERMINE DEFLECTIONS

 L 
T   L 2sinh 2  L
     sinh  0.22127 o , max twist angle at middle (Philip page 100)
2GJ   2 sinh   L   2
 
Where G = 11200 ksi
J = 1.82 in4

5wL 4
vert   0.15 in = L / 1207 , vertical deflection at middle
384 E I 3
Where I3 = Ix sin2(90-f) + Iy cos2(90-f) = 303 in4 , (AISC-ASD Page 6-23)

F L3
 horiz   0.20 in = L / 885 , horizontal deflection at middle
48 E I 4
Where I4 = Ix cos2(90-f) + Iy sin2(90-f) = 103 in4 , (AISC-ASD Page 6-23)

Technical References:
1. AISC: "Manual of Steel construction 9th", American Institute of Steel Construction, 1990.
2. Philip H. Lin: "Simplified Design for Torsional Loading of Rolled Steel Members", Engineering Journal, AISC, 1977.