SRI KRISHNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING

Module 3
Session: Governor

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SESSION OBJECTIVES

❑ On the completion of this session, the students

might be able to understand,
▪ Governors
▪ Types

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Topics

❑ Governors

❑ Types

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Governor
❑ Feedback device on a machine or
engine that is used to provide automatic
control as of speed, pressure or
temperature
❑ Regulate mean speed of engine
❑ As load increases, configuration of
governor changes

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Types of Governors
Governors

Centrifugal Inertia
❑ Most common type ❑ Affected by forces set up by
❑ Depends on centrifugal angular acceleration or
effects deceleration on given
❑ Sleeve slides up and down spindle
depending on speed ❑ Rate of change of speed
❑ Slower response ❑ Fast response

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Types of Governors
Governors

Centrifugal Inertia

Pendulum type Loaded type

Dead Weight Spring controlled

Porter Proell Hartnell Wilson-Hartnell Hartung Pickering

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Centrifugal Governor
❑ First governor designed by James Watt
in 1788 known as Watt Governor
❑ Balancing of centrifugal forces on
rotating balls
❑ As speed increases, centrifugal forces
increases on masses which causes
upward lift
❑ The masses can be attached to other
links which can control an actuator

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Watt Governor
❑ Simplest form of Centrifugal Governor
❑ A conical pendulum with links
attached to a sleeve of negligible
mass
❑ Arms may be connected to spindle in
3 ways
❑ Pivot “P” on the spindle axis
❑ Pivot “P” offset from the spindle
axis
❑ Pivot “P” offset with arms crossed

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Watt Governor
m = Mass of the ball in kg,
w = Weight of the ball in N
T = Tension in the arm in N
ω = Angular velocity of the arm and
ball about the spindle axis in rad/s
r = Radius of the path of rotation of
the ball in m
FC = Centrifugal force acting on the
ball in newtons = m.ω2.r
h = Height of the governor in m

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Watt Governor
Forces acting on the ball:
❑ Centrifugal force Fc
❑ Tension T in the arm
❑ Weight w of the ball

Taking moments about point “O”

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 END

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