——— —) THE LIFE, WORKS, AND WRITINGS OF RIZAL PI 11 FINAL TERM LESSON 6RIZAL'S CONGEPT.OF BEING A “FILIPINO” AND FILIPINO @ NATIONALISM RIZAL’S GREATEST ACHIEVEMENT WAS BY GIVING THE NATIVES OF THE PHILIPPINES THEIR IDENTITY. HE WAS THE FIRST MAN WHO ACTUALLY BRANDED THE FILIPINOS AS “JNDIOS’, THUS MAKING HIM THE “FIRST FILIPINO” ACCORDING TO HISTORIAN LEON MA. GUERRERO. ASIDE FROM THIS, HE WANTED TO PROVIDE THE FILIPINOS CONFIDENCE IN THE PAST, FAITH IN THE PRESENT, AND HOPE FOR THE FUTURE. — SL THIS LESSON AIMS TO DISCUSS RIZAL’'S CONCEPT OF FILIPINO NATIONALISM AND IDENTITY TO INSTILL THE ACI OF ANYONE TO THE DICTATE HIS/HER OWN SELF.RIZA CONCEPT.OF BEING A “FILIPINO” AND FILIPINO e NATIONALISM RIZAL’S ENCOUNTER WITH MORGA’S SUCESOS AT THE BRITISH MUSEUM AND HIS INTENSIVE RESEARCH THERE SPARKED HIS LONG INTEREST TO COMBAT COLONIAL IDEOLOGIES OF LAZY NATIVES AND INGRATE FILIPINOS THROUGH THE APPEAL OF HISTORY. TWO ESSAYS WERE a PUBLISHED IN LA SOLIDARIDAD DUE TO THIS - “FILIPINAS DENTRO DE CIEN ANOS” (1889-1890) AND “SOBRE LA INDOLENCIA DE LOS FILIPINOS” (1890). THESE WORKS CONTAINED HIS IDEAS ON SON SENTIMENT on / NATIONALISM. wy Soete RIZAL’S CONCEPT.OF BEING A “FILIPINO” AND FILIPINO eg NATIONALISM BEFORE WE DELVE INTO HIS IDEA ON NATIONAL SENTIMENTS, HIS CONCEPT OF A NATION IS NECESSARY TO BE ESTABLISHED. RIZAL’S BASIC PRINCIPLE OF A NATION IS THE VOX POPULI, VOX DEI (THE VOICE OF THE PEOPLE IS THE VOICE OF GOD). IT MEANS THAT THE RULER, WHENEVERHE/SHE EXERTS POWER OVER THE SUBJECTS, THAT RULER HAS POLITICAL OBLIGATIONS TO UPLIFT THE WELL BEING OF HIS/HER SUBJECTS. THE RULER, HOWEVER CAN IN ANY WAY REPRESS THE SUBJECT. INSUCH ~~ CASE, THE SUBJECT MUST PERFECT THEMSELVES DESPITE PERVERTED INCLINATIONS (LIKE THE TENDENCIES TOWARD INDOLENCE). IT IS THEREFORE ONE’S OBLIGATION TO. OVERCOME STRUGGLES. THUS, WHEN PEOPLE ASPIRE TO HARNESS THEIR POTENTIALS — BY OPPOSING INJUSTICE AND PROMOTING COMMON GOOD, THEY ARE ACTUALLY FULFILLING GOD’S WILL. FOR RIZAL, A COMMUNITY, A NATION, THEREFORE, IS A MORAL COMMUNITY FOUNDED ON ETHICAL PRINCIPLES OF JUSTICE ANI COMMON GOOD. S4 / IZAL'S CONCEPT.OF BEING A “FILIPINO” AND FILIPINO @ 8 NATIONALISM WHAT WAS THEN RIZAL’S NOTION OF NATIONAL SENTIMENT? BASED ON RIZAL’S “FILIPINAS DE CIEN ANOS” AND “SOBRE LA INDOLENCIA DE LOS FILIPINOS”, “NATIONAL” MEANS COLLECTIVE AS OPPOSED TO INDIVIDUAL. IT REFERS TO THE “COMMON GOOD” AS AGAINST PERSONAL INTEREST. IN FILIPINAS DENTRO DE CIEN ANOS, HE SPOKE OF ANOTHER CONCEPT - “THE SPIRIT OR SOUL OF THE PEOPLE” (EL ESPIRITU NACIONAL). THIS CAN BE Y INTERPRETED AS “THE SENSE OF SOLIDARITY CREATED BY THE REALIZATION OF A COMMON MISFORTUNE AND A COMMON ABASEMENT.” THUS, NATIONAL SENTIMENT FOR RIZAL WAS ABOUT EQUIPPING THE COLLECTIVE PEOPLE — WITH AWARENESS OF EVILS OF THE COLONIAL SYSTEM, WHILE RESISTING ] EVIL AND PROMOTING THE COMMON GOOD. UNFORTUNATELY, IN.SOBRE LA INDOLENCIA DE LOS FILIPINOS, RIZAL SAID THAT “A/MAN IN THE P! SIS ONLY AN INDIVIDUAL, -HE IS NOT A MEMBER O} |ATION.” VYete / IZAL'S CONCEPT.OF BEING A “FILIPINO” AND FILIPINO Q@ 8 NATIONALISM WHAT THE FILIPINOS NEEDED TO COMBAT WAS LIBERTY AND EDUCATION. THESE METHODS GIVE “SOUL” NECESSARY FOR A NATION. A NATION WITH “SOUL” NECESSARY FOR A NATION. A NATION WITH “SOUL”, ON THE OTHER HAND, WILL ENCOURAGE SOLIDARITY, SENSE OF DIGNITY, AND CONCERN FOR JUSTICE, HENCE, NOT VULNERABLE FOR TYRANNICAL RULE. ALL THESE TRAITS WERE OBVIOUSLY ABSENT IN SIMOUN. NO WONDER RIZAL KILLED HIM IN HIS SECOND NOVEL. WHAT THE COUNTRY NEEDED WAS NOT A PERSON LIKE HIM WHO RAN BY PERSONAL INTEREST, BUT RATHER ELIAS, WHO. POSITIONED THE COLLECTIVE GOOD OF THE NATION ABOVE ANYTHING. THE — CULMINATION OF HIS IDEAS ON NATIONAL SENTIMENT WAS SET TO APPLY IN HIS LIGA FILIPINA, BUT SADLY THIS ORGANIZATION WAS CUT SHORT WHEN WAS DEPORTED TO DAPITAN. ed we] Y S— RIZAL’S CONCEPT.OF BEING A “FILIPINO” AND FILIPINO Q@ 8 NATIONALISM HIS CONCEPT OF A FILIPINO WAS CONNECTED TO WHAT HAS BEEN DISCUSSED EARLIER. FOR RIZAL, BEING A FILIPINO BY BLOOD WAS NOT ENOUGH. A PERSON WHO HAS LOVE FOR THE COUNTRY, CONCERN FOR THE COMMON GOOD, AND REALIZES THE COLLECTIVE SUFFERINGS OF FILIPINOS - THAT IS TO SAY A “FILIPINO_) BY HEART” — CAN BE CONSIDERED A FILIPINO, RIZAL’S AUSTRIAN FRIEND FERDINAND BLUMENTRITT, WHOM HE LOVED SO MUCH, WAS A “FILIPINO” FOR HIM. THUS, BEING A FILIPINO HAS TO.BE PROVEN, — IT IS NOT SOMETHING THAT ONE HAS WHEN BORN; BUT RATHER IT IS A PROJECT. @) Nu AnS Ye EUGENE RAYMOND P. CRUDO, HERALD IAN C. GUIWA ET.AL ; THE LIFE, WORKS, AND WRITINGS OF JOSE RIZAL ; REX BOOKSTORE; 2019 REFERENCES: