2020

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 SCOPE AND CONTENT

UNIT 1. FUTURE

LESSON TITLE VOCABULARY READING GRAMMAR LISTENING

1a. Plans And Robot Will Vs. Be Going

Unknown Words Llife In An Jtalian Town
Promises Teachers To

Expression For Present

1b. Making Inviting
Accepting Or Continuous For Mardi Gras Festival
Arrangements People
Rejecting Arrangements

1c. Future
Plans And Goals Life Goals Future In Use Life Goals And Plans
Tenses In Action

UNIT 2. PROBABILITIES AND POSSIBILITIES

LESSON TITLE VOCABULARY READING GRAMMAR LISTENING

Digital
2a. Digital Family Habits
May, Might, Will Tara’s Email
Habits Relationship Across
Generations
Must, Have To,
Covid 19:
2b. Do And Need To
Covit-19 Do And Healthy
Don’ts
Don’ts
 2c. Possibility
Video Games Are Not
And Obligation In Video Games -------- Tenses In Use
UNIT 3. ADJECTIVES
Action
Only For Entertainment

LESSON TITLE VOCABULARY READING GRAMMAR LISTENING

3a. Applying For Getting A

Job Interview Intensifiers 1 A Job Interview
Jobs Job

A
Article Question
3b. Let`S Live! Intensifiers 2 Intensifiers In A Job Interview
Vocabulary Of Time
Or Mind
This
Movies
Movies: Genres Adverbs Of An Interview With A Movie
3c. Movies Were
UNIT 4. PERFECT TENSESAnd Adjectives Poorly
Manner Director
Made

LESSON
VOCABULARY READING GRAMMAR LISTENING
TITLE
Present
4a. Keep
Perfect:
Calm And Traveling The Old
Affirmative Traveling Alone
Enjoy Your Experiences Colonel
And
Experience
Negative
The
4b. We Have Present
Article Experiences
Not Had Vital Perfect: Listening Lab: Present Perfect Tense
Vocabulary Of Jack
Dreams Questions
Forrester
 Video: Yet,
4c. Yet, Still, Yet, Already,
Situations Already, Adverbs In Context
Just,Already Just, Still
Just
UNIT 5. TENSES

LESSON TITLE VOCABULARY READING GRAMMAR LISTENING

5a. Search Present Perfect Vs.

Search Engines Google Painting And
Engines Simple Past

5b. They Are

Tag
Ready, Aren´T Tag Questions Tag Questions Video
Questions
They?

FUTURE Unit 1
Unit objective:
Learners will be able to
describe possibilities plans
and accept or reject an
invitation.

Learning outcome:
• Inferring from
context
• Producing piece of
writing.
• Making
arrangements
• Accepting invitation
• Rejecting invitations
• Listening for specific
and general
information
• Mentioning plans
• Making predictions
Reading for specific
information
1A. PLANS AND PROMISES
READING

Read the text about “Robot Teachers”

ROBOT TEACHERS
If you think of the jobs robots could never do, you would
probably put doctors and teachers at the top of the list. It's easy
to imagine robot cleaners and factory workers, but some jobs
need human connection and creativity. But
are we underestimating what robots can do? In some cases,
they already perform better than doctors at diagnosing illness.
Also, some patients might feel more comfortable sharing
personal information with a machine than a person. Could there be a place for robots in education
after all?
British education expert Anthony Seldon thinks so, and he even has a date for the robot takeover of
the classroom: 2027. He predicts robots will do the main job of transferring information and teachers
will be like assistants. Intelligent robots will read students´faces, movements and maybe even brain
signals. Then they will adapt the information to each student. It's not a popular opinion and it's
unlikely robots will ever have empathy and the ability to really connect with humans like another
human can.

One thing is certain, though. A robot teacher is better than no teacher at all. In some parts of the
world, there aren't enough teachers and 9–16 percent of children under the age of 14 don't go to
school. That problem could be partly solved by robots because they can teach anywhere and won't get
stressed, or tired, or move somewhere for an easier, higher-paid job.

Those negative aspects of teaching are something everyone agrees on. Teachers all over the world are
leaving because it is a difficult job and they feel overworked. Perhaps the question is not “Will robots
replace teachers?” but “How can robots help teachers?” Office workers can use software to do things
like organise and answer emails, arrange meetings and update calendars. Teachers waste a lot of time
doing non-teaching work, including more than 11 hours a week marking homework. If robots could cut
the time teachers spend marking homework and writing reports, teachers would have more time and
energy for the parts of the job humans do best.

Reading comprehension
Read the text again and choose the best option T for true and F for false
1. Many jobs seem as they can be done much better by robots than human beings. T
2. Antony Seldom thinks that in 10 years robots will replace totally to teachers in classrooms. T
3. Some people agree that robots will never be able to have empathy towards humans F
beings.
4. One of the benefits of robot teachers is that they can work anywhere and without having T
stress.
5. Robot assistants will help teachers by marking homework and writing reports. T

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 1. Read the text again and answer the following questions.
a. Do you think that It is possible for a robot to replace a teacher`s role? Why?
Yes eventually that will be the present, and the robot a will helps us.
b. Would you like to have a robot as teacher or as a teacher´s assistant? Why?
I prefer the teacher’s assistant, because the way will help the teachers with than job.

VOCABULARY
1. Label the pictures below with one of the words in the box.

Robot cleaners Factory Worker Overworked Diagnosing Brain

R
o
b
o
t

c
l
e
a
n
e
r
s
Robot cleaners Overworked Brain Factory Worker Diagnosing

2. Match the words with its definition.

Update a. Poor health.
Illness b. The ability to produce original, imaginative ideas, solutions, or the
like.
Higher –Paid Job c. To receive a big income or salary for the work you do.
Empathy d. Incorporate new information in or for.
Creativity e. The ability to identify with another's feelings, thoughts, etc., as
if they were one's own.

3. Fill in the spaces in the text below with words from the vocabulary section, exercise 1 and 2.

Illnesses Empathy Creativity Brains Overworked Factory workers

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 Many companies around the world are worried about 1 Creativity. It is considered as an ability to
do something differently. Nowadays, many workers are enrolling in courses to activate a special
side in their 2 Brains; since it is well known that people have two hemispheres, the logical and the
creative ones.

However, employees think that companies have to worry about their worker´s health. Some 3
Factory workers are diagnosed with 4. Overworked such as stress, headache, and fever. They
agree that it is caused because they have more and more work every day, so they feel 5.lIInesses.
Hence, workers ask companies to have more
6. Empathy and consider their needs, too.

GRAMMAR: WILL VS BE GOING TO

WILL BE GOING TO
1. Certainty about the future 1. Intentions and future plans. When the decision has
Telma will pass this level; she has the been made previously.
highest scores of the class. Sheila is going to be a ballerina; she is studying at
I won´t go out tonight, I have to do a lot of Royal Academy of Dance.
homework. We are going to start our diet with an easy veggie recipe.
2. Decisions taking at the moment. It is
so hot! I will have a shower. 2. Making predictions when there is evidence about what
Look at over there! There is a piece of cake. I is going to happen.
will have it! Michelle is the best student in the class. She is going to pass
3. Promises this course easily.
I swear, I will never forget your birthday again! Look at that lightning on the sky! It is going to rain tonight
She promises, she won`t be late again!
4. Making predictions.
Will / won’t is used when are guessing about
the future.
GRAMMAR EXERCISES: BE GOING TO
1. Read the exercise carefully and fill in the spaces with the correct form of “ be going to”
affirmative, negative, interrogative form.

a. My parents are going to take some photos of my wedding this weekend. (take)
b. They are going to order a barbecue because they are vegetarians. (order)
c. My colleagues is going to play soccer tomorrow, they are going to play chess. (play)
d. Philip is going to need a summer job because he needs some extra money for buying his new
cellphone.
e. Are you going to phone me tonight? (phone)
f. Where is Peter going to study next summer? (study)
g. What time are they going to arrive at the airport? (arrive)
h. Melany isn´t going to buy a new skirt for the party because she got one from her sister.(buy)

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 i. My sister and I are going to help you with the baby tonight. You don’t need to worry about it.
(help)
j. Jack isn´t going to work out a lot tonight. He is trying to be healthy again.(work out)
k. Are you going to prepare something special for my birthday? (prepare)
l. Sylvia isn´t going to share her cookies with anybody. Unfortunately, she is not so generous.
(share)
m. Are they going to leave the country? B: I don’t know. I think. It will be tomorrow morning (leave).
n. Is Claire going to take part of the competition? (take)
o. I am not going to spend my holiday abroad. I don’t have enough money. (spend)
p. How long is she going to wait for his answer? (wait)
She said she is going to stay there until midnight. (stay)
q. What are they going to do after those terrible test results. (do)
GRAMMAR EXERCISES: WILL/WON´T

2. Write the correct form. Use Will/Won´t in affirmative, negative or interrogative form.
a. You (earn) wont a lot of money in that business. I think you are wasting your time.
b. I am sure, they (travel) will to Italy this summer. They called the travel agency to organize the
trip.
c. I am in such an interesting meeting. I am sure I (learn) will learn a lot from my boss.
d. I don’t think she (have) will not problems at remembering her tasks, because she is very
responsible with her taks.
e. Will you (pick up) pekup my sister at the airport? B: sure, at 7 pm!
f. Don’t worry! I (bring) will bring it for you!
g. I want to try new flavours. I (have) will have some Thai food.
h. A: I really need a hand to move this box! B: We (help) will help to carry it!
GRAMMAR EXERCISES: WILL VS. BE GOING TO
Read the conversation below and indicate which application of the grammatical rule for usage is
used both for will and be going underlined sentences

LANDFILL SITE NEAR OOUR CITADEL

Sam Look at the news! (1)The city council is going to move the landfill to an area near our
citadel.
Caroline What? Oh, no! (2) That will be terrible! (3)There will be a lot of trash and rats near
this area.
Sam You are right! And (4) It is going to affect our health. (5) It will be a disaster for us!
We need to do something!
Caroline Well, (6) I am going to arrange a meeting with our neighbors. I am sure, (7) they
won`t be happy with that decision.
Sam You are right! Also, we can go to talk with the mayor about our problem
Caroline 8) I will help you! His secretary is my friend. She can help us to get an appointment.
Sam Great! We can also call to the news and start an online campaign on facebook.
(9)They are going to have a fight on their hands!
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Caroline (10) I will get my phone and we can start calling our neighbors

1. Intentions and future plans

2. Predictions is used when are guessing about the future
3. Predictions is used when are guessing about the future
4. Predictions when there is evidence about what is going to
happeing
5. Certainty about the future
6. Intentions and future plans
7. Certainity about the future
8. Decisions taking at the moment
9. Certainty about the future
10. Decisions talking at the moment
1. Read the following statements carefully and write the correct “ will or be going to”
next to each verb.

a. Sara: We don’t have any fruits in our refrigerator.

Jimmy: I know, I forgot buying themyesterday.I am going to get some fruits

from thesupermarket.

b. Sara: We don’t have any fruits in our refrigerator.

Jimmy: Really? I am going to get some fruits from the supermarket.

c. Sara: Why do you need mybags?

Jimmy: Because I will visit my grandma in London next month. I bought the tickets yesterday.

d. Sara: It is really hothere!

a. Jimmy: I am going to turn on the air conditioner.

e. Sara: Are you and Mary going to our officeparty?

Jimmy: Yes, of course! Are you going to? If you need will give you a ride.

f. Sara: What are your plans after finishing highschool?

Jimmy: I am going to work as a volunteer in a non-profit organization in

Venezuela. I will leave this March19th.

g. Mary: Lucy, the phone isringing! I am going to get it!

h. Waitress: Are you ready to orders ir?

Customer: Yes, I am going to have the chicken and spinach.

i. Susan will study English in the future.

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 j. Look at Paul! He is going to get on the bus.
k. Wow, the clouds are so dark!. It is going to rain.

l. Susan: I don’t have my phone. Phil: that´s ok!. I am going to lend you mine.

m. It´s Julia´s birthday next week., So I am going to buy her some flowers.

n. Will you lend me 100 dollars. I promise I am going to pay it back to you tomorrow.

o. We will have a barbecue tomorrow. It´s planned, so I hope It won´t rain.

p. Lee: Jim is starting university tomorrow. Richard: Really! What is going to study?

q. Emma: It`s very hot here! Carla: I am going to open the door!

r. Look the bus! It is going to leave. We need to run so fast to get it.
LISTENING
Listen to the dialogue about LIFE IN SARDINIA and choose the right option between T (true) or F ( false)
for each statement (Track 1).

1.
David Mclain is traveling around the world because he wants to know

the reason related to why some people live more than other ones.
__T______
2.
David Mclain is workin g on the island of Sardinia in Italy to

study their eating habits. ____F______

3.
According to David, women and men live the same amount of time.

___T___

4.
According to some research, people live more when they have a good

relationship with their family. ______T______

5.
In Sardinia, the older mother or grandmother has more authority than

Retrieved from: LIFE 3, unit 5. any other person in their family. ____T_______

6.
In Sardinia, Younger people have a similar lifestyle than their older

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 family. ___F____
Retrieved from

WRITING
Think about your country and your society. Then, prepare a composition where
you have to present some predictions about Ecuador and your life in this
country. You have to use “Will and Be going to” appropriately according to the
use for each one. The composition must be done in 90-100 words in length. It
will be submitted in your Moodle in assignment section pointed by your
teacher.

Our country is going through a complicated situation that in the future will bring consequences to the
pandemic that we are going though mainly affecting the countries economy unemployment the
lockdown of medical supplies to control this situation.
The situation shows as that the main thing is faith in God, heath, family that money and material things
are eat everything is life.

1B. MAKING ARRANGEMENTS

READING

ARRANGE A PARTY

Sue: Hello?
Kate: Hi. Is that Sue?
Sue Yes, speaking

Kate: Hi, Sue. It’s Kate.

Sue: Oh hi Kate. How are you?
Kate: Fine. How about you?
Sue: Yeah, fine. Can’t complain.
Kate: Sue, are you doing anything on Saturday night?
Sue: Saturday? Er… let me see. Yes, I am, actually. I’m going for a
meal with Mike.

Kate: Oh I see. We’re having a party, you see.

Sue: Oh right. Well, I could come after we’ve had dinner. We’ll be
finished by about ten.
Kate: That would be great. You’ll bring Mike, of course.
Sue: Yes sure. I’m sure he’d love to come.
Kate: Oh good. Well, I’ll see you on Saturday then. You know how to
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 get here?

Sue: Yes, I know the way. I’ll bring a wine bottle.

Kate: That would be great. See you, then.
Sue: Bye

Reading comprehension
Read the text above and write the rights answers to the following questions.

1. When is Katie having a party?

On Saturday night
2. Whos is Sue having a meal with?

With Mike
3. What time is Sue finishing her meal?

Finished by about ten

4. Who is sharing a wine bottle to the party?

Sue
5. Is Mike going to the party?

Yes

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 VOCABULARY:
EXPRESSIONS TO MAKE ARRANGEMENTS, ACEPTING OR REJECTING

Inviting
Accepting Rejecting

Let’s fix up a meeting

Are you free on
Friday?
How about we head out for a (drink/beer)
1.
2.
3.

Sorry, I’ve already got something on

1. That sounds great
I won’t be able to make it
2. I couldn't agree with you more.
I’m tied up
3. That's so true.
Something’s just come
up
1.
2. 3.
4.
VOCABULARY EXERCISE
Use the expression above to fill in the spaces in the conversations.

Conversation 1.
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Sue Hello?
Katie Hi, It´s Katie.
Sue Oh Hi Katie, How are you doing?
Katie Not bad. Hey,
(1) Let`s fix up a meeting with the guys from the human
resources guys.
Sue (2) that sounds great! Are you free on Friday?

Katie I can´t. (3)I`m tied up.

Sue Oh, How about we head out for a drink tonight?
Katie sure! I couldn`t agree with you more!

Conversation 2.

Sue Katie, Did you finish your presentation about this month sales?
Katie I couldn´t. Manager didn´t provide me the sales record.
Sue What! Let`s fix up a meeting with him.
Katie that`s a good idea. I just need hus information to complete the sales
charts.
Sue Part of his responsibility is to provide that information as soon as
possible.
Katie I couldn`t agree with you none!
Kevin Hey ladies, We head out for a some drinks tonight?

Katie I`m tied up. I have to finish the report.

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GRAMMAR: PRESENT CONTINUOUS FOR ARRANGEMENTS

PRESENT CONTINUOUS FOR ARRANGEMENTS

To talk about future arrangements.
A future arrangement is a plan that you have decided and organised with another
person. Sometimes the arrangement is between a person and a group of people, or an
organisation or company

Example:
I'm spending Christmas and New Year with my Mum and Dad.
We're meeting Susan at 3 o'clock tomorrow afternoon.

GRAMMAR EXERCISE
1. Read the sentences and fill in the spaces with the right form of the verbs in the box.
Attend/Visit/Record / Have/ Start /Make/Visit /Go/Get/Stay/ Move/Do/

a. I did really well in the entry exam, so I attend at this university next summer.
b. My wife and I start a birthday party this weekend. We bought the drinks and sent the invitations.
c. Susan visit to Chicago later this month. She got a new job in Apple there.

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 d. Rita have to the meeting in the afternoon, because she has to catch the plane in the morning.
e. What go you do this Friday at night? Let`s have some drinks!
f. When stay she record us? I really miss her smile.
g. We visit shopping later today to buy Giselle a gift for his birthday.

h. I visit at the Hilton in Guayaquil this weekend. I booked a single room last week.
i. What time stay they record their presentation?
j. Susan and Peter attend married this weekend.

k. The director not record the movie, because he ran out of money and now he is broken.

2. Fill in the gaps of the dialogue below using the words/phrases in the box

Would be / I can / Great / Why don´t we / Why / About / Busy / Meeting / What / Doing

Tom (1) I can are you (2) Why on Friday night Hannah?
Hannah I am (3) would be, I´m afraid. I am (4) Great Janey.
Tom OK, How (5) What Saturday night?
Hannah Nothing. (6) Why don´t we?
Tom (7) Doing try the new Italian restaurant?
Hannah (8) About idea!
Tom I am (9) Busy you at the restaurant at 7h30 pm.
Hannah 8h00 pm (10) Meeting better for me.
Tom OK, see you there at 8h00pm.
Retrieved from:
http://www.pearsonlongman.com/newtotalenglish/pdfs/downloads/pre intermediate/
preint_unit03_grammar03.pdf

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 3. Read the questions and answer them using present continuous for making arrangements and
your own information
a. What are you eating for your dinner tonight?
Tonight I will have dinner a hamburger and natural juice
b. What time are you waking up tomorrow?

Tomorrow I get up at 8 o`clock

c. What are you doing tomorrow morning?

In the morning I will be studying

d. When are you having your next English class?

The next English class will be on Friday

e. What are you doing this weekend?

I will visit my father this weekend

f. Are you reading a book after this class?

I`m reading a very interesting biotechnology book

g. What time are you starting your English lesson?

My English class start at 15:15 o`clock

LISTENING
Listen to the conversation about the Mardi Gras festival and select the right answer to each
statement (Track 2).
a. What time is the big party going to be?
a. one b. six c. twelve

b. What big party is the reporter referring to?

a. Carnival b. Christmas parade c. Mardy Gras
c. Who made Loreta´s costume?
a. herself b. her mother c. her aunt

d. Besides a costume, what is another typical accessory for the big party in this city?
a. Collars b. trumpets c. Masks
e. Why is this big party important for people in Tremé?
a. It brings people together b. It generates more money c. It develops culture
Retrieved from: Life 3, unit 6, lesson b

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PRESENTATION
Use the chart below to make your agenda for next week. You need to include all the arrengements for
personal and professional areas. Then, prepare a video where you describe your teacher and classmates
these arrangements. The video needs to last 1 minute. It has to be submitted in the Moodle section for
this assignment. The procedure for uploading will be given by your teacher, and you choose app for
recording the video.

MY AGENDA

Morning Afternoon Evening

Monday I wake up at 7 I leave work at 2 I'm going

o'clock. o'clock. to watch
television
at 7
o'clock.
Tuesday I brush my teeth. I'm taking a I'm going
shower. to play
video
games.
Wednesday I go to breakfast I will do At 6
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 and take a shower. homework. o’clock I
have
classes.
Thursday At 8 o'clock I go to I'm going to Classes
work watch TV. end at 9
o'clock
Friday I wake up at 9 o'clock I'm going to play I'm going
video games. to sleep at
10 o'clock
Saturday I order my room I'm going to play video games. I'm going to sleep at 9 o'clock

1D. FUTURE TENSES IN ACTION

VIDEO: EASY ENGLISH-TALKING ABOUT FUTURE PRE-

ACTIVITY
1. Answert the following questions
• What tenses do you use to mention future?
• What questions do you think he is going to make?

DURING THE VIDEO

2. Watch the video twice and pay attention to the future phrases you hear. (video 1)

Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OlyYE6USuO0

3. Then, read the phrases below and mark the future expressions you have heard from the people
the video.

a. I´m traveling to Colorado with my h. I´m going to take the metro back
family. home.
b. I´m doing my school tasks. i. I´m gonna go home and probably sit on
the coach.
c. We are going down to the water to j. I´m definitely gonna take a nap.
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 have a few drinks.
d. We are walking our dogs on k. We´ll go home and make lunch.
Alexandria street.
e. I´m gonna watch Netflix l. I´ll probably move to California with
my husband.
f. I´m gonna get a master degree. m. I´m gonna get married next
September.
g. I´m going back work n. We´re gonna go have lunch.

4. Watch the video again and check your answers.

READING
1. Read about LIFE GOALS and identify Samir´s goals.

LIFE GOALS
Hi, my name is Samir and I'm from Sweden. I'm going to talk about six things I want to do in my life. First
of all, I want to travel the world and meet new people, see new places, and learn new cultures. It's really
interesting for me, and yeah, I think everybody should travel a lot as long as they get the chance.

Then, maybe before my travelling, I want to learn at least five languages. I like talking different languages
and it's really fun, and like people don't expect that you talk that specific language maybe, and yeah, it's
really fun.

The third thing I want to do is own my own company. I want to be my own boss. I don't want to have
someone else give me orders or something. I want to own my own company and have at least ten
employees to give orders and help them in my company. It will be really fun. It's really interesting.

And the fourth thing is that I want to live in an exotic country, like live at the beach or in some exotic

place. It will be a new thing for me because I live in Sweden and I go to the other side of the world would
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be really nice and a completely new thing for me, so that's the fourth thing I want to do.

The fifth thing is that I have a fear of heights. I can't be like tall buildings at the top of the building and

look down. I'll be really scared, so I have to overcome my fear of heights, and I think it will be really

difficult for me but I have to overcome it ..

Because after that I want to travel by skydiving. Like go around in the plane and just jump and feel free.

It will be really nice, I think. Just skydiving and you're flying, so that's my six things I want to do in my life.
Retrieved from: http://www.elllo.org/english/Games/G063LifeGoals.htm

2. Read the text again and choose the best answer to each statement
a. Aling his presentation, Samir is describing his dreams and hopes about his future. (T)
b. He thinks that people should travel to different countries. (T)
c. He thinks that he needs to learn at least on foreign language. (F)
d. One of his goals is to start his own business, speacially because he wants to make a lot of money.
(F)
e. He prefers spending his life in Sweeden because he was born there. (F)
f. He is really afraid of spiders and he is sure that he will never overcome this fear. (F)
g. Samir`s six goal is to be able to travel by skydiving. (T)

PRODUCTION
Prepare a presentation about your LIFE GOALS. You have to describe the most important related to
personal, professional, interest and other ones you consider important. Use the text about Samir´s life
goal above as an example. You can use pictures, photos, min maps to make your presentation more
interesting you decide the material. The video must last 2 minutes and you need to use the future
tenses appropriately. The video must be uploaded in the moodle section.

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PROBABILITIES AND Unit 2 POSIBIL

Unit objective:
Learners will be able to
indicate their obligations
and possibilities for future
situations.

Learning outcome:
• Inferring from
context
• Producing piece of
writing.
• Listening for specific
and general
information
• Reading for specific
information
• Point out actions to
avoid Covid 19
• Share experiences
related to
quarantine

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2A DIGITAL HABITS
READING

1. Read the following questions carefully and discuss them with your
classmates.
• How do you usually communicate with your friends?
• How often do you use facebook? What are the main reasons?
• Could you mention other social networks you usually use?

2. Read the text about Digital habits

DIGITAL HABITS ACROSS GENERATIONS

Today's grandparents are joining their grandchildren on social media,
but the different generations' online habits couldn't be more different.
The over-55s are joining Facebook in increasing numbers, meaning
that they will soon be the site's second biggest user group, with 3.5
million users aged 55–64 and 2.9 million over-65s.

Sheila, aged 59, says, “I joined to see what my grandchildren are

doing, as my daughter posts videos and photos of them. It's a much
better way to see what they're doing than waiting for letters and photos in the post. That's how we did
it when I was a child, but I think I'm lucky I get to see so much more of their lives than my grandparents
did.”

Ironically, Sheila´s grandchildren are less likely to use Facebook themselves. Children under 17 are
leaving the site – only 2.2 million users are under 17 – but they´re not going far from their smartphones.
Chloe, aged 15, even sleeps with her phone. “It´s my alarm clock so I have to,” she says. “I look at it
before I go to sleep and as soon as I wake up.”

Unlike her grandmother´s generation, Chloe's age group is spending so much time on their phones at
home that they are missing out on spending time with their friends in real life. Sheila, on the other hand,
has made contact with old friends from school she hasn't heard from in forty years. “We use Facebook
to arrange to meet all over the country,” she says. “It's changed my social life completely.”

Teenagers might have their parents to thank for their smartphone and social media addiction as their
parents were the early adopters of the smartphone. Peter, 38 and father of two teenagers, reports that
he used to be on his phone or laptop constantly. “I was always connected and I felt like I was always
working,” he says. “How could I tell my kids to get off their phones if I was always in front of a screen
myself?” So, in the evenings and at weekends, he takes his SIM card out of his smartphone and puts it
into an old-style mobile phone that can only make calls and send text messages. “I'm not completely cut
off from the world in case of emergencies, but the important thing is I'm setting a better example to my
kids and spending more quality time with them.”

14
 2.Read the text again and decide if the sentences are True (T) or False (F)

a. Digital habits for elderly people are similar to the younger ones. (F)
b. Nowadays, elderly people are the biggest group of users of facebook. (T)
c. Elderly people mainly use facebook to post what they are doing on social media. (F)
d. Elderly people think that it is much better to see pictures and videos than reading letters from
their relatives and families. (T)
e. While elderly people are using facebook, many younger users are leaving it. (T)
f. Many teenagers use their phones because it helps them to be connected throughout facebook.
(F)

3. Read the text again and answer the following question with your own opinion
Why do you think elderly people are opening facebook accounts more and more?
Because older people like to meet new people more, see photos and videos
What is the main difference between elderly people and teenagers in the use of cellphones and facebook?
That older people use this application more than teenagers and others that older people use this
application more to meet people and see photos instead teenagers use this application to play and
upload photos
Why did Peter change his life regarding to his digital habit?
Because just as adolescents as older adults with technology have changed a lot and use different ways
and habits that get used to

VOCABULARY
FAMILY RELATIONSHIP
1. Label the pictures with one of the nouns in the table below.

Spoilt child Single parent Family gathering Breadwinner

15
 FAMILY VOCABULARY CHART
Noun Definition Example
The member of a In many countries, men are
family who earns expected to be the breadwinner in
Breadwinner
most of the money a family.
that the family needs
Someone who I‘m working hard to get a
depends on you for promotion and earn more money
financial support, now that I’m a husband and a
Dependant father and have dependants who
such as a child or
fmily member who rely on me.
does not worka
A parent who Overprotective parents can
Over-protective protects their child prevent their children from
parents too much building confidence and
independence.
A child who shows I don’t like playing with the girl
bad behaviour next door because she’s a spoilt
because they have child and gets in a temper if I don’t
Spoilt child been allowed to do let her win all the games.
or have anything
they want

A person bringing up My sister is a single parent now

Single parent a child or children that her husband has left her.
without a partner
Family An informal event - We’re having a family gettogether
gathering / family where family to celebrate my mother’s birthday.
get-together members meet up

Someone who brings My brother first started getting

shame to their family into trouble with the police when
Black sheep
by being he was a teenager and he’s
different or doing become the black sheep of the
something wrong family.

Retrieved: https://www.ieltsjacky.com/family-vocabulary.html

16
2. Use the nouns in the chat above to complete the ideas.
a. Anthony is working in the new factory, he is a very dedicated worker, he is never late and works
harder than anyone. He tries to keep his job because he is the only Breadwinner of his family.
b. I really don’t like Samantha. Her attitude towards other people is so despective. I think her
parents didn´t teach her limits, that is the reason she acts as a Spoilt child.
c. All my family said that I am the Black sheep, because I like rock music and I prefer wearing
black clothes. However, I don’t think that! I just wear what I like.
d. When Rita was at secondary, she got pregnant. It was so sad to see that her boyfriend
abandoned her, but she never gave up and she raised her son as a Single parent. I am so proud to see
them very happy together.

e. When I was at secondary, my parents didn´t let me go out with my friends or go to the movies
alone. They were so strict and Over-protective parents. They were too much worried about my safety
that sometimes I felt I couldn´t breath.
f.This Sunday we are having a Family gathering because it is mothers`day.

GRAMMAR : MIGHT /MAY POSSIBILITY /WILL PROBABILITY

PROBABILITY IN FUTURE POSSIBILITY IN FUTURE
WILL WON´T MAY/MIGHT
It is used for situations that are certain MAY and MIGHT are used for situations
to happen. When you believe in in future, which have a possibility to
something or you are confident it can happen but you are not sure about it.
happen. They have a slight possibility to happen.

Negative: Negative:
WILL NOT=WON´T MAY NOT / MIGHT NOT
Structure:
Structure: Subject + MAY/MAY NOT + infinitive verb
Subject +will/won´t+ infinitive verb Subject + MIGHT/MIGHT NOT + infinitive
verb
Example:
Example:
1. The sun will
1.It might rain
risetomorrow.
tomorrow.
2. I will finish work at 5h00.
( not sure
(It is indicated in my schedule) aboutit)
3. Saray willbe late. 2.I may go on
(She is always late) vacation to
London.
haven’tbought
any ticket)
3.It is such a sunny day! It might not rain
tonight.
Note: Use definitely to give more emphasis. Note: Both may and might are used for
I will definitely meet you at the bus stop. the same purpose. However, might is
known for being less certain than may.

17
GRAMMAR EXERCISE

1.Fill in the spaces with the most suitable modal MAY/MAY NOT/MIGHT/MIGHT NOT/WILL/WON¨T

a. I am not sure, but I think she will be one of the most fabulous singer in the world. (quite
certain)
b. My parents may probably come tomorrow. (totally certain)
c. This gymnastic team won´t win the regional competition. They are having some financial
problems. (quite certain)
d. Sara might definitely go to New York this year. (totally certain)
e. I heard on a TV program that in 5 years people may not keep their information on flash memories
anymore.They might not upload it online on the cloud. (less certain)
f. My friends have not decided yet. We might go to the countryside this weekend. (quite certain)
g. This Saturday is Sarah`s birthday party, she is having her party at the backyard. However, I think it is
not a good idea,because It may rain this weekend. (less certain).
h. Although she is giving her best at studying Maths this month, I think It will change the final results for
the semester. (totally certain)
i. I definitely won´t have time to meet you tonight. I have a lot of homework to do.
(totally certain).

1. Complete the sentences with your own information, then share it with you’re a classmate.

Tomorrow, I might Tomorrow I might travel to Babahoyo

Tonight, I may
This Monday I will
Next week, I definitely won´t
This evening, I may not
Tomorrow, I might not
Tonight I may go to the movies
This Monday I will do my homework
Next week I definitely won't go to the party
This evening, I may not go to church
Tomorrow, I might not go to class

18
LISTENING
Listen to the email and fill in the spaces with MAY, MAY NOT, MIGHT, MIGHT NOT. (T
rack 3)

Hello,
I am Tara. very January, I pick a new Word of the Year. Last year, my word was Change. This year, my word
is Community.
I moved to a new city last year. It was a big change! Now I want to get to know it better. There are a few
things I _______________ do to become part of my community.
I ________________ volunteer at the hospital or at the library. I could start a games night and invite my
neighbors. We _______________ play cards, darts, or badminton. I could also join a club or take a fitness
class. I __________________ even start my own writing club. I _________________ have time to do all
of these things. I also need a new doctor. I ____________________ get one right away.
I_______________ ask my new friend Jen for recommendations. She ___________________ know a
good hairdresser too.
I look forward to becoming a member of my new community this year.
What’s your Word of the Year?
Hugs,
Tara

(Track 3) Retrieved: http://blog.sproutenglish.com/modals-of-possibility-woy/

19
WRITING
Write an email where you reply Tara´s email in listening exercise above and describe What`s your word
of the year? Do not forget to include activities you might do or not. Also, use will, might and may to
indicate the probabilities and possibilities. It must be done in 90-100 words. This task you have to
upload to the Moodle according to your teacher`s instruction.

Hello, my name is Odalis Carrasco. I am 32 years old and one of my chances and
possibilities this year was to be able to travel to many places. In the month of March I
was going to travel to Esmeraldas but I will not be able to go. In the month of May I
was going to travel to Peru but I could not. This weekend I will visit my girlfriend. This
Thursday I will not be in class. Tomorrow is my aunt's birthday but it may that they
are not going to celebrate. I won't be able to go to work tomorrow.

20
2B. DO AND DON’TS

READING
Read the text below and underline the new or unknown words.

COVID19: DOS AND DON´TS

Vaccination is the best way to prevent the spread
of disease; however, there is no vaccine that can
prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This
means that the best way to prevent spreading
COVID-19 is by avoiding exposure to the virus. That
means staying home and practicing good hygiene.
Wash your hands frequently, practice social
distancing.

“Stay home and wash your hands” makes it sound easy,

though. How can you keep yourself and your family happy and healthy during this difficult time?

1. The government recommends that work and school should be conducted from home whenever
possible.
2. Don’t travel unless you have to.
3. Do not visit nursing homes, retirement communities, or hospitals, unless you are providing critical
assistance.
4. Those at a higher risk for COVID-19 complications—older adults, people with heart disease or lung
disease, people with diabetes, people with autoimmune disorders, and those with compromised
immune systems—should stay home and limit contact with others.
5. Stay home as much as possible.
6. Stay home if you are sick—no exceptions.

7. Avoid social gatherings over 10 people, and avoid close contact with others. COVID-19 is primarily
spread through person-to-person contact either by respiratory droplets in the air from coughing or
sneezing, or through physical contact.

8. Avoid physical contact with others. Greet people with waves or nods rather than hugs, handshakes, or
kisses.

9. Wash your hands often. Wash your hands properly before eating, before touching your face, and any
time after touching a surface that others may have touched. A hand sanitizer that contains more than
60% alcohol can be used if soap and water are not available.

10. Do not touch your face. COVID-19, as well as other viruses, typically enter the body through the eyes,
nose, and mouth.

11. Do not stockpile. Keep necessary health items—such as soap, tissues, and alcohol-based sanitizer—on
hand, but do not accumulate more than you need. Acquiring more than you need means that other
people in need of those items may go without.
Retrieved from: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public/myth-busters

21
 Reading exercises
1. Read the tex again and answer the following questions
a. What is the best way to prevent COVID-19?
Vaccination
b. What are the four recommendation made by doctors in order to preven COVID?
Staying home.
Practicing good hygiene.
Wash your hands frequently.
Practice social distancing.
c. Which places do people need to avoid in this quarantine time?
Work and school, travel, Do not visit nursing homes, retirement communities, or hospitals
d. What diseases represent a higher risk to be affected by COVID-19?
Those at a higher risk for COVID-19 complications—older adults, people with heart disease or lung
disease, people with diabetes, people with autoimmune disorders, and those with compromised
immune systems—should stay home and limit contact with others.

e. How is COVID-19 transmitted to other people?

COVID-19 is primarily spread through person-to-person contact either by respiratory droplets in the air
from coughing or sneezing, or through physical contact.

22
VOCABULARY: COVID
1. Read the text again and label the word in the box with one of the pictures above.
1.Coughing
2.Hygiene
3.Nursing
homes
4.Respiratory
droplets
5.Retirement
communities
6.Sneezing
Coughing Vaccine Stockpile
7.Social
distancing
8.Stockpile
9.Vaccine

Sneezing

Hygiene Nursing homes

2. Fill in the spaces with one of the word in the table on exercise 1.
a. The scientists are trying a new Vaccine to prevent people from suffering covid-19 in the future.
b. When my grandparents retired, they decided to move to a Nursing homes, there they could spend
time with people with the same age as them.
c. When you are Coughing, you must cover your mouth because you can spread Sneezing with the
virus.
d. When we started the quarantine, my mom got crazy and she started a Stockpile with lots of canned
food and towels.
e. To prevent covet spread fast, many governments around the world recommend Social distancing , it

is adviced to be 2 meters far form other people.

GRAMMAR: MODALS VERBS FOR RULES
MUST HAVE TO NEED TO
It is used for actions It is used for actions that It is used for actions that
that are obligations. are obligations. are obligations.
MUST/HAVE TO/NEED TO have the same meaning, but MUST
expresses a stronger obligation than others.
He must stop eating sugar, I have to get up early. She She needs to sleep more.
he has diabetes. has to eat a lot of They need to buy a new
We must pay the fine. vegetables. phone. She needed to study
We had to leave at 7h00 hard.

23
 pm.
Don’t /doesn´t /didn´t Don´t/doesn´t/ didn´t need
Must not= mustn`t have to to
It is a command or It is not an order; it is an It is not an order, it is an
order to not do option or something that option or something that is
something. is not necessary to do. not necessary to do.
Something that is 1. She doesn’t need
prohibited. 1. She doesn’t have to gothere-
to gothere- 2. We don’t need to
□ You mustn`t lie to 2. We don’t have to eatit.
him eatit. 3. They didn’t need
□ She mustn`t go 3. They didn`t have to attendthe
there. to attend the meeting.
□ You mustn`t drive
meeting.
so fast. needn´t = don’t/doesn`t
need to
We needn`t eat it ( informal)

GRAMMAR EXERCISES

1. Write the correct option MUST/MUSTN`T

a. You must clean up your bedroom. There is a lot of dust andtrash.
b. They mustn`t smoke inside the room. It is prohibited.
c. People must wash their hands frequently.
d. That child mustn´t play with knives. It is sodangerous.
e. Parents must respect traffic lights when they are driving their own cars.
f. My daughter mustn´t cheat in her moodle test.
g. They mustn´t visit they grandparents at the retired community because they have flu.

2. Write the correct option HAVE TO /DON’T-DOESN’T HAVETO

a. He doesn´t have to work in the office because we are on quarantine.
b. We have to go shopping, Tonight is Emma´s birthday party and I didn´t have time to buy her a gift.
c. My children have to get up early, because they start online classes tomorrow at 7h00.
d. You have to start a stockpile of towels and tissues. We have a lot of them at home.
e. Mandy have to take off her clothes when she arrives at home form the hospital.
f. Those students have to finish their project if they want to approve this subject.
g. My mom doesn´t have to prepare the dinner tonight, because my father will be the chef tonight.
h. You don´t have to take down my pictures, they look so nice on my wall.
i. A lot of milk is on the floor, you have to mop up it quickly.

24
 3. Write the most suitable option MUSTN`T/NEEDN´T.
a. I am sure It won`t rain tonight, you needn´t take your umbrella with us.
b. There is an accident on the road. We mustn`t keep driving there.
c. We mustn`t be late. Otherwise, we will lose our flight.
d. Everybody mustn`t smoke in this restaurant. It is forbidden!
e. He mustn`t come to our farm If he doesn´t want to do it.
f. The bank mustn`t withdraw money from my bank account. It is illegal!
g. They mustn`t bring guns to our college.

4. Write the most suitable options for eachsituation.

a. Ted have to (buy) some food because we don’t have it. (strong obligation)
b. She need take the bus (she/take the bus) to work every day? (option)
c. Children mustn´t play (play) with alcohol. (prohibited)
d. What time must you arrive (you/arrive) at work last week? (option)
What time

e. You needn`t clean up (clean up) this morning, I'll take care of it. You just relax and watch TV.
(option)
f. They must visit (visit) the doctor yesterday because they were not feeling well. (obligation)
g. I have to get up (get up) every morning at six, so I can arrive at work on time. (strongobligation)

LISTENING
Listen to the conversation and choose the T for true and F for False ( track 4)

a. The quiz is to analyze how well people eat daily. (___T___)

b. People with more A answer demonstrate they have a regular’ routine and they rarely are tired.
(___T__)
c. People with more B answer shows that they have a very busy working schedule. (__F_____)

d. People with more C answers don’t have any problem because they do exercise at night. (___F____)
e. Doctor’s recommendation is that people need to do exercise daily it doesn´t matter the time you do
it. (___F____)
Retrieved from: LIFE 3, unit 1, ex. 5

PRODUCTION
Make a list of the obligations, responsibilities and prohibitions that you and your family have during this
quarantine time. Upload it in the moodle section for assignment. It must be done using this lesson
vocabulary and grammar structure. It must be done in 80 words in length.

25
 1C. POSSIBILITY AND OBLIGATION IN ACTION
VIDEO: VIDEO GAMES ARE NOT ONLY FOR ENTERTAINMENT

PRE-ACTIVITY
1. Answer the following questions
• Do you like playing video games?
• How often do you playe them?
• What are your favorite video games?

DURING THE VIDEO

2. Watch the video twice, and decide if the video games are useful for the future.

26
 Retrieved from: http://www.saberingles.com.ar/listening/239.html

3. Then, watch the video again and decide if the following statements are TRUE or FALSE
a. Jason´s parents were worried about his addiction to video games.
True False

b. Jason thinks that finding work in the area related to videogames may be difficult for him.
True False

c. Game technology is not used in other industries.

True False

d. The games developed by the United States Army can be downloaded free.
True False

e. In United States there are about 1000 game-oriented technology firms.

True False
Retrieved from: http://www.saberingles.com.ar/listening/239.html

AFTER THE VIDEO

4. Answer the following question with your own opinion

a. Do you think video games can be useful for medicine, business and army? Why?
_______NO,because that entertains the human mind and does not allow us to be
concentrate.__________________________________________________________________________
__
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
27
 b. Do you like video games? Which one is your favorite? Why?
__my favorite game is spiderman, Ilike it because it talks about all the version of version of spidy and
the story is
entertaining__________________________________________________________________________
_______
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

ORGANIZING IDEAS
HOW TO MAKE A PRESENTATION
At the moment of making a presentation, learners must follow must be organized. Also, the time is
indispensable because it determines how deep yo need to present a topic.

Structure of a presentation

•Introduce
MAIN PART •Conclusions
yourself •Present the •ending phrases
• State the topic ideas,
information,
tables .
OPENING ENDING

Retrieved from: https://www.englishclub.com/speaking/presentation.htm

28
 Unit 3
ADJECTIVES

Unit objective:
Learners will be able to
Describe how situation
occur and grade its
intensity

Learning outcome:
• Inferring from
context
• Producing piece of
writing.
• Listening for specific
and general
information
• Mentioning their
work strengths and
weaknesses
• Reading for specific
and general
information
• Identifying key
questions in job
interviews.
3A. APPLYING FOR JOBS

READING: GETTING A JOB AND JOB INTERVIEWS

1. Read the text and underline words you don’t understand from it

GETTING A JOB AND JOB INTERVIEWS

A typical job interview always has these questions; here I show how you should answer them:

1. Tell me about yourself.

Well, I’m very focused on the result and I will provide solutions to the challenges that happen
on the daily basis.

2. What are your strengths?

The answers here may vary, but you have to emphasize your skills at job you apply for and
also be clear on your people skills for example:
“I’m very organized and have enough experience to make a good work in my responsibilities
and tasks.”

3. What are your weaknesses?

Never answer “I don't know”. If you get this question you should answer: “ I am not too
familiar with the subject but one of my skills is that I learn very fast. I am not too open to
suggestions if the suggestion is not good for the assigned project.”

4. Why do you want this job?

Don't say “I need the money ” you should say: “I am very interested in working in this
organization because of its history and the importance of the company.”

5. Where would you like to be in your career five years from now?

The most common answer is: I would like to have enough experience to be in a good
position in the company and would like to be in a very important position and make a good
work.

28
2. Read the text again and write the right one T for true and F for false
a. When you are in a job interview you need to demonstrate self-confidence. (T)

b. It is a good idea to use the phrases “ I don’t know” when you don’t have an appropriate
answer for a question. (F)
c. You don’t have to point out that you need the job because you need the money urgently.
(T)
d. You should show your interest in growing professionally in the company when the potential
employer asks you about your goals. (T)

VOCABULARY

JOB INTERVIEW VOCABULARY

FOCUSED EMPHASISE SKILLS THIS COMMON

ORGANIZATION

A person Give special The ability to do

something well;
concentrated importance or person Habitually or
expertise.
in job prominence to related This Company typically
activities (something) in occurring or done
speaking or writing.

1. Read the vocabulary above and use one of the words to fill in the spaces in the following
statements.
a. When Sarah was in her job interview, she emphasise a lot her experiences in financial
programs, that`s why she mentioned it most of the time.
b. My son is focused on getting her scholarship. He studied all the time, because he needs
the money for his postgraduate program in Atlanta.
c. I have many skills, but I think one of the most important is I am a creative person and
also I am very good at solving problems.

29
 d. When you are at university, it is very common to find part time jobs. It helps you to get
extra money and be more independent.
e. This organization is very important in South America. In fact, it has nearly 1 million of
employees in Ecuador and Colombia

GRAMMAR
INTENSIFIERS

30
 Too, Very and Enough

We use too and very to modify the meaning of adjectives and adverbs. Too and Very are used
in front of an adjective or adverb.

Too means “more than necessary” or “more than you want.”

• I don't like this pub. It is too noisy and there are too many people.
• You will love Northern Australia, but it is too hot there in the summer so you
should go in Spring or Autumn.
• These shoes are too small. Are they available in a bigger size?

Very intensifies the strength of adjective or adverb and cannot be used with 'extreme'
adjectives ('Hot is a standard adjective, but 'Boiling' is an extreme adjective)

• It is very hot today.

• London is a very big city.  He is a very fat man.

Enough describes an adequate or necessary amount. It can also be used with Not, to refer to
something that is not sufficient, or not necessary. Enough is used after an adjective.

• Do you have enough money? I can lend you some, if you need it.
• Don't buy Sarah any shoes for her birthday. She already has enough!
• He wanted to go into the disco, but they refused to let him in because he is not old
enough.

GRAMMAR EXERCISES

1.Complete with very too and enough

1.Jenny is very young to drive. She isn’t old enough.

2.A: This cake is very sweet, but it’s nice. B: No, I think it’s too sweet.

3.A marathon is enough long. Charles is enough old to run it, but William is young very too

4. The suit was very too expensive so he bought a shirt instead.

5. I don´t like this restaurant. It`s very too noisy.

6.It’s cold outside right now but tomorrow it will be very too cold to go outside at all.

7.There are enough many students for this class. The classroom is very too small, and there
aren’t enough desks.

8.They were very too poor. They didn’t have enough food to eat.

31
2.Answer the following questions using VERY, TOO or ENOUGH.

1. Why don’t you eat fast food three times a day?

Because it is too much fat
2. What is the weather like in Antarctica?
Too cold
3. Why don’t you buy a mansion in Hollywood?
Because I don't have enough money
4. Why can’t a child drive a car?
Because is very small
5. What are some good things about your city?
The stadium park because I can get enough exercise that my body needs
6. What are some drawbacks about living in your city?

That there are not enough places to walk

3. Rewrite the sentences, using either VERY, TOO or ENOUGH.

1. I’ve had so much to eat today that I couldn’t eat another bite.
Today I have eaten too much that I could not eat another bite
2. I can’t see anything, turn on the light.
I can't see very well, turn on the light
3. This room is hot. Maybe we should open a window.
This room is too warm. Maybe we should open a window
4. That movie was so sad. I almost cried.
That movie was very sad. I Almost cried
5. This curry is so spicy. I can’t eat it.
This curry is too spicy. I can't eat it

4. Read the sentences carefully and circle the right option for each statement .

 Not crowded
a.The room was ___ , we couldn't get a  Too crowded
Seat  Crowded enough
.

32
  Young to drive
 Young enough to
b. James is too ___.
 drive
Not young enough

 Too good enough

 Good enough
c. The service really ____.
 Wasn't good enough

 Careful
d. Accidents happen when
 Care
you are not ___ enough.
 Carefully

 Fits
e. I'm ___ enough to run a marathon  Too fit
 Not fit

LISTENING

VIDEO: A JOB INTERVIEW

Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=naIkpQ_cIt0

Watch the video and write the right answer T for TRUE or F for FALSE

1. Susan is applying for a job in a financial company where Mary is the Resource manager.
_____T__________
2. The job applicant has had previous experience in the area of the job she is applying to.
_______T_______

33
3. The job applicant´s strengths are she is very organized, she is good at following orders and
she loves learning new things. _____F________
4. The job applicant has received a special certificate for being on time at her last job.

5. The job applicant is interested in working in that company because the salary is very
attractive. _______F__________

WRITING

Write a paragraph as if you are in a job interview for your dream company. Describe your
abilities and weaknesses using intensifiers. It must be done in 80 words in length. Upload in
moodle section where your teacher indicates.

WHERE WOULD YOU LIKE TO WORK?

Good Morning Blessings My name is ODALIS CARRASCO AVILEZ. I am twenty three years
old. I like to work in the area of Computing and I also like the area of working in an office
since I am a young man who likes to design and order and above all I am very responsible.
My abilities and skills are that I am very agile and fast. I like that just as I am very
responsible, the company is also very responsible with me. I have experiences in office
work and in nursing jobs.

34
3B LETS GO!! LET`S LIVE!!
READING

1. Read the article and underline words you don’t understand from it

A QUESTION OF TIME OR MIND

Many people complain that they don’t have enough time. They have TOO MUCH work to do
every day and there are always TOO MANY things that they haven´t done. There is pressure
to be available 24/7 to colleagues, clients and friends. We spend around 13 hours a week in
emails as an average of 3 hours a day on social media. Living in a big can make things worse,
we spend 106 days of our life looking for a parking space and up to three days a year in
traffic jams. We have less time to relax, we live SO stressed this makes us more impatient
and not polite AT ALL. In average most adults loose QUITE important parts of the day either
commuting or over working.

So please take your time to do things for yourself and your own joy, spend time with your
family, if you live apart call them regularly it’s not going to hurt AT ALL. The term workaholic
is used for people who have TOO MUCH work or TOO MANY responsibilities. This people live
quite sad, angry and anxious because they spend their day SO worried about things from
work that they think they don’t have enough time to live. So let’s go and live our lives at least
on weekends and holidays.

Read the article and answer the following questions

• Why do many people don’t have enough time to spend with their families?

They have too much work to do every day and there are always too many things
that they haven´t done.
• How many hours do people spend on social media weekly?

An average of 3 hours a day on social media.

 What are the consequences of having a stressful life?

This makes us more impatient and not polite at all

35
  What is the author´s advice for people who live too much worried about
their responsibilities at work’?

So please take your time to do things for yourself and your own joy, spend
time with your family, if you live apart call them regularly it's not going to hurt
at all

VOCABULARY

ARTICLE VOCABULARY

COMPLAIN AVERAGE TRAFFIC OVERWORKING ANXIOUS HOLIDAYS

JAMS
Express A number A line of A day of
Dissatisfaction expressing road traffic With too much With festivity
or annoyance the central or at or near work anxiety or
about typical value a standstill recreation
something. in a set of because of when no
data road an work is
accident, done

Read the vocabulary above and use one of the words to fill in the spaces in the following
statements.

a. At noon the traffic in Guayaquil and many big cities in Ecuador is terrible. You can be caught
in so long Traffic jams and for sure you will be late.
b. During quarantine many housewives are complain. They have to take care of their children
while they are working in their online offices.
c. Sarah is really anxious for the final exams results. If she can´t pass it, she will fail this subject
and her parents will be very angry.
d. During their last Christmas holydays, they traveled to Miami with their sons.

36
GRAMMAR

INTENSIFIERS 2

An intensifier is used to emphasize words and phrases in a sentence. They perform the same
function as adverbs and adverbial phrases. If we want to add emphasis to an adjective in a
sentence an intensifier will allow us to do that.
INTENSIFIER FUNCTION EXAMPLE

*There are too many

You can use the intensifier too many to people in this conference.
modify countable nouns. *I bought too many
You can place it in front of a noun that croissants today.
TOO MANY can be counted to signify an excessive *I have seen too many
number of something. applicants today.

I’ve got too much work at

In a similar way, too much can be used the moment.
TOO MUCH to modify uncountable nouns and verbs. I’ve been missing out on
too much sleep lately.
*Our revenue at the
The first is to emphasize something to a moment is quite good.
lesser degree. It adds a level of emphasis
similar to the words rather or fairly. *The shape of the island
QUITE The second is to add total or complete emerged on the horizon
emphasis, similar to the word quite clearly
completely.
The intensifier so modifies adjectives and *I am so impressed with
adverbs to signify the extent of your work!
something. *I‘m so looking forward to
SO It is more casual than very. starting my new job!
It can often be used with that. *I have eaten so much
Like the intensifier too, so can be food this evening.
combined with much(countable) and
many(uncountable).
At all is a common intensifier used in *You didn‘t make any
English. notes at all?
AT ALL It is used in negative sentences and * I am not at all interested
expressions. in your offer.

37
 INTENSIFIERS EXERCISES

1.Fix the mistakes with intensifiers in the sentences.

You are driving too much fast! You are driving much too fast!

You have had to many absences

You have had too much absences.

I have missed out on too much sleep

I have missed out on too many sleep.

There is too much snow on the road to take

There is too many snow on the my bike
road to take my bike.
I have had too many problems with him
I have had too much problems already
with him already.

2.Complete the sentences below using intensifiers. Use the best one for each sentence from
what you have learned during the lesson.

I have enough time on my hands. It has been too much long.

You have a very professional approach. Yes sir, I am so certain the report is accurate.

There are no extra qualified workers on shift at That man has too many guitars.
all.

I am so tired of putting in these extra hours. I have a very good chance of getting that job.

38
LISTENING: INTENSIFIERS

Listen to the audio and fill in the blanks with intensifiers. ( Track 5)
TOO MANY REALLY QUITE TOO PRETTY

I had an interview yesterday. We were supposed to meet at Gloria’s café but it was_ _TOO
MANY______________ busy so we went to another café around the corner. I was
____________REALLY__nervous beforehand but I think it went________TOO_________ well. My
interviewer was___________PRETTY________ friendly so that made me feel more at ease.
Therefore, I was able to answer his questions relatively confident without _QUIET_________
pauses or awkward silences.

WRITING

Write a composition about an experience you had based on each of the pictures. Use
intensifiers when writing about each experience and film yourself presenting it. It
must last 2 minutes.

39
 a
café lunch

great weekend

flight

job interview

3C. MOVIES

THIS MOVIES WERE POORLY MADE

A lazy collection of recreations of scenes from

blockbuster movies and, for no obvious reason, the
likes of Nacho Libre and Borat, but with added
scatological humour. Even if that were forgivable, the
waste of actual talent like Crispin Glover and Kids in
the Hall's Kevin McDonald is not.

40
 Redeeming feature The aging Harry Potter cast gag is

a good idea, briefly.

A film so expensive
that its producer
famously quipped it
would have been
cheaper to lower the
Atlantic, this Titanic
flopped at the box-
office and caused
author Clive Cussler, on whose book it was based, to
deny Hollywood his books for 20 years (then he
allowed Sahara,
A comedy which
so bad thatisitanother
made usstory).
question whether
any of Myers' back
-catalogue had ever been funny,
Redeeming
this startsfeature
with anThe sight ofcharacter
unoriginal the wrecked Titanic
and borderline
sailing into
racist andNew York
sexist is strangely
humour moving.straight for
before heading
the toilet. When shagging elephants are your com
edy
centerpiece, something is seriously bad.

Gaining nearly three times as their previous

entries,
this was a runaway loser. From the neon design to the
overblown script to the infamous
Bat nipples, it's
become a byword for franchise
-killing and badmovie-
making.

1. Read the text carefully and select T for TRUE and F for FALSE to the following statement
answer the following question

a. The author really dislike the most about Epic movie is that this movie wasted an actor´s talent.
F
b. Raise the titanic was a very successful movie that guarantee Clive Custer’s books a lot of work
in Hollywood. F

41
c. The love guru is a movie with high content of racist and sexiest humor that many people really
dislike. T
d. Batman and Robin was a franchise –killing movie because it generated a lot of money during
their times in movie theaters. T

VOCABULARY

GENRE OF MOVIES AND ADJECTIVES FOR DESCRIBING MOVIES

Look at the adjectives in the box below; match them to the genre of movie that you consider
is the most appropriate. Some adjectives can be used for many types of films.

42
 ADJECTIVES FOR MOVIES

GENRES FOR MOVIES

Action movies Horror movies Comedy movies Drama movies Sci-fi movies
action packed spine-chilling hilarious Corny Far - fetched
bloodthirsty

Historical drama Documentary Animation movie Biographical

movies movies Romance movies s movies
breathtaking Convincing gripping Moving Mediocre

2. Have you seen any bad movie? Do you remember it? Write a short opinion of that movie
and why you didn’t like it. You have to mention the genre and use adjectives above. It must be
40-60 words in length. Don´t forget to upload in moodle section where your teacher indicates.
Justice League, I don't like this film because it has bad effects, I don't get any emotion from
watching it, I think it's a bit boring. Its effects are very far-fetched, and the script is not
breathtaking. This film seems to me like a copy of The Avengers, and that makes the plot not
very original. Its plot is mediocre.

GRAMMAR

ADVERBS OF MANNER

What can you remember about the difference between adjectives and adverbs? Here's a
quick reminder:

43
An adjective describes a noun or pronoun: "That boy is so loud!"

An adverb describes a verb or anything apart from a noun and pronoun: "That boy speaks so
loudly!"

Adverbs are used to answer how questions e.g. "How does he talk? - He talks loudly."

Flowers smell sweet or flowers smell sweetly, which is correct? Smell sweet is correct because
we it describes the smell of flowers. Smell sweetly tells how a rose smells i.e. flowers do not
have noses so they cannot smell!!

"Fresh bread smells great" (adjective) - I am describinng my opinion on fresh bread

"I smell terribly because I have a cold" (adverb) - I am not able to use my nose to smell things
because of my cold.

SPELLING RULES
1. Adverbs of manner are usually formed loud = loudly
from adjectives by adding –ly: careful =carefully serious=seriously

2. When the adjective finishes in -y, use – easy = easily happy=

ily happily
3. When adjectives end in -le : remove gentle= gently terrible=
the "e" and add –Y. terribly
4. If an adjective ends in –ly we use the Silly = He behaved in a silly way.
phrase in a …. way to express manner Friendly = She spoke in a friendly way.
Grammar exercise about Adverb of manner 1.Select
the correct answer
 Hardly
Sometimes I need my teacher to talk more ___ so I  Slowly
can hear her better.  Successfully
 Angrily
She laughs ___ at my jokes.  Well
 Happily
My husband sings ___ when he's in the shower. Even  Quietly
the neighbours can hear him.  Enthusiastically
 Bigly

 Comfortably
I'm sitting ___ so I don't want to move.  Quickly
 Normally
44
  Successfully
Please close the door ___ when you enter my room.  Stupidly
 Gently

She did ___ in her tennis match last week. She won.  Bad
 Goodly
 Well

Please try to behave ___ when you meet my family.  Softly

 Quickly

 Normally

My dad used to shout ___ when he was angry.  Loud

 Noise

 Loudly

I always study ___ for a big test.  Hardly

 Goodly

 Hard

 Slowly
When my teacher talks too ___, it's difficult to  Quickly
understand him.  Quickly

2. Complete the chart with the right adjective or adverb of manner.

Adverbs describe verbs and adjectives. To form regular adverbs, add ‘-ly’ to most
adjectives. Words ending in ‘-y’ change to ‘-ily’.
· ADJECTIVE ADVERBS OF ADJECTIVE ADVERB OF MANNER
MANNER

45
 ANGRY ANGRILY IMMEDIATE IMMEDIATLY
· ANXIOUS · ANXIOUSLY JEALOUS · JEALOUSLY

· BAD BADLY · KIND · KINDLY

· BRAVE · BRAVELY · LAZY LAZILY

· BUSY BUSILY · LOUD LOUDLY
· CALM CALMLY · NATURAL NATURALLY
· CAREFUL CAREFULY · NERVOUS NERVIOUSLY
CARELESS · CARELESSLY PAINFUL · PAINFULLY

· CERTAIN PAINFUL PATIENT · PATIENTLY

· CORRECT CORRECTLY PERFECT · PERFECTLY

COURIOUS · CURIOUSLY PLAYFUL · PLAYFULLY

EAGER · EAGERLY POLITE · POLITELY

· EASY · EASILY · QUICK QUICKLY

· EXCITED EXCIEDLY · QUIET QUIETLY
· EXTREME EXTREMLY · RUDE RUDELY
FAST · FAST · SAFE SAFELY

· FORTUNATE · FORTUNATELY · SELFISH SELFISHLY

· FURIOUS FURIOSLY SEPARATE · SEPARATELY
· GENEROUS GENEROUSLY SERIOUS · SERIOUSLY

· GENTLE GENTLY SLOW · SLOWLY

GLAD · GLADLY SUDDEN · SUDDENLY

GOOD · WELL TERRIBLE · TERRIBLY

HAPPY · HAPPILY TIRED · TIREDLY

· HARD HARDLY · VIOLENT VIOLENTLY

· HONEST HONESTLY · WISE WISELY

· HUNGRY HUNGRILY · WRONG · WRONGLY

LISTENING

Listen to the interview and decide if the following statements are TRUE or FALSE ( Track 6)

46
a. Jack Gozzolo usually travels around the world because he is a very famous
movie director._______T_______
b. He only makes movies for TV channels, where people can enjoy them at
home. _______F________
c. According to Jack, time to make a movie varies in relation to the movie
budget but it always last more than a year. _____T_______
d. He is going to stay in Brazil for three weeks and then he is going to move to
Argentina.________T_____
e. He is going to spend his vacation in the Amazon. ______F_______

Retrieved from: LIFE 2, unit 3.

PRODUCTION

Prepare a written production about your favorite movie. You have to include:

• A general description of the movie

• Mention what you like and dislikes, provide the reason for both.
• A conclusion o recommendation for your friends

47
 The movie review needs to include vocabulary and grammar reviewed in this lesson. It also
must be done in 100-120 words in length. You have to upload it in moodle where your
teacher indicates.

My favorite movie is the one about the avengers, called the last delivery, it's the last saga. I loved
this movie because it's about the apocalypse on earth, where a villain named thanos destroys the
earth with the snap of his fingers, getting power from a glove, which is called the glove of infinity
and it carried the diamonds of infinity, then this glove gave him power to handle the whole universe,
and this was the cause for the heroes to gather and could defeat this villlain and his evil action. In
adittion, it is a very good movie because it enhances a lot the friendship and union. The part that I
didn't like was the personality of the hulk, his performance was a little nerdy, and I think this
character should always be strong. to conclude, I enjoyed this movie a lot. obviously I recommend
you to see it, because it has a good message about the fight

PERFECT TENSES
Unit 4

48
Unit objective:
Learners will be able to
describe their life
experiences mentioning
past events.

Learning outcome:
• Inferring from
context
• Producing piece of
writing.
• Listening for specific
and general
information
• Mentioning past
experiences
connected with
present.
• Describing a dream
• Identifying
vocabulary about
trip
• Reading for specific
information

49
4A. KEEP CALM AND ENJOY YOUR EXPERIENCE

READING

THE OLD COLONEL

I think I have had a very interesting life. I'm 73 now and I don't work anymore. I was in the army for 51
years. I retired when I was 69. I have been to so many countries that I can't remember all of them. I've
been to Australia six or seven times and to South Africa three times. I have also been once to Russia but
Ididn't like it at all: much too cold for me!

They say that love is the greatest thing and I agree. I've been married four times but never for more than
five years. I don't think women really understand me!

I've never been on television, but I've been on the radio once. It was a programme about life in the military
about twenty years ago. I met the Prime Minister on the same day. Actually, I've met a lot of famous
people: members of the royal family, famous politicians and also famous cinema and television
personalities. I've never met the American President though which is a pity.

Because I've travelled a lot, I've seen a lot of wonderful things and have also eaten and drunk some strange
foods and drinks. I ate cat and rat in India and drank something called Mirto on a little island in Italy many
years ago.

RETRIEVED FROM: https://www.esl-lounge.com/student/grammar/2g30-old-colonel.php

50
Read the text above and answer the following questions:
1. What has been his job before retiring?
The army

2. Has he been to Australia?

Yes, he has

3. Have he been married and how many times?

Yes, he has been married four times

4. Has He been in a meeting with a president?

No, he hasn't

5. Has he seen a strange things?

No, he hasn't

6. Has he been in a tv or radio program?

Yes, he has been on the radio.

VOCABULARY: EXPERIENCES

Look at the pictures, and discuss with your classmates the following questions.
• Where did you go on your last vacation?
• What did you do there?
• How many days did you spend there?
• Would you like to go back there again? Why? Why not?

51
VOCABULARY
Label the pictures with the most suitable activity.
Virtual date Go to travel Go to surf Go to beach Eat strange food
Take photos

Go to beach Take photos

Go to surf Go to travel

Eat strange food Virtual date

GRAMMAR: PRESENT PERFECT-structure

1 The Present Perfect Tense—AnOverview

We form the present perfect with have or has + the past participle.

52
GRAMMAR EXERCISE
1.Write an experience with each vocabulary previously worked

1. (Eat strange food)NEGATIVE

I've never eaten strange food

2. (Go to travel)

My father has traveled to Galapagos

3. (Have/virtual date)NEGATIVE
We haven't had a virtual date since the last year
4. (Go to beach)
I have gone to beach twice a week
5. (Go to surf) NEGATIVE
My friend hasn't gone to surf since she was a girl.

6. (Take photos)
They have taken photos for two years

Present Perfect Simple -

Exercise
2. Complete the following sentences with the correct present perfect

53
 1. Ethan hasn't solved a difficult exercise. (not solve)

2. Viky hasn't contracted covid 19 in the house. (not contract)

1
. They have walked early in the park. (walk)

4. You and I have gotten good grades this semester. (get)

5. Mr. Potter has not stared in the last movie. (not star)

6. Betty has made a fool of herself at the party. (make)

7. Raul doesn't want to eat. He has suffered a love accident. (suffer)

8. My fiancée hasn't talked lies to the family. (not talk)

LISTENING:
Listen to the audio and then circle the answer the following questions ( Track 7)

1.- The people in the conversation what topic are they talking about?

a. Vacaciones b. Tecnology c. Tv program

2.-What has bought for his father,person "b"?

1
54
 a. Has bought party games b. Has bought a website c. Has bought a cd

3.-Why has used GPS, person "b"?

a. Has driven a lot b. Has not used maps c. Has traveled a lot

4.- How the person "b" has paid the debts?

a. Has paid online b. Has paid credit card c. Has paid in cash

5.-What has observed every night, person "b"?

a. Has observed online program b. Has observed youtube videos c. Has observed Tv
program

6.- What has sent, person “b”?

a. Has sent emails b. Has sent letter in a envelope c. Has sent emails or texts

Retrieved from: Life 2, lesson 3b, ex. 5

WRITING
Write a composition about your travel experiences. Use the vocabulary, reading and
examples provided to you along this lesson. The composition has to include present
perfect; also, you can include other tenses as needed. It must contain between 80-100
words in length. Use the questions below to help you write your paragraphs:

• FIRST: Introduction- Travel experience. Mention places you have already visited.

55
 • SECOND: Topic sentence. What was the strangest place you have ever been to and with
who?
• THIRD: Topic sentence. Mini report of your recent trip  FOURTH: Conclusion

I have led an interesting life. First, I have visited many cities and tourist places of my country.
For example, I have traveled to different kind of beach such as Salinas, Villamil, San Pedro, Playa
Rosada, etc. In addition, I have visited many places in the sierra region, such as Guaranda,
Quito, baños so on. One of the strangest places that I have been was Pilon del diablo, I went to
this place with my family, we had to walk much time to enjoy a fallwater. Finally, after visiting
Baños, I also went to Galapagos, this trip was one years ago, I could watch and know different
kind of animals that no there here in Ecuador. To conclude, I thnaks God, He had let me travel
and visit many placces that I have wanted

SPOKEN PRODUCTION

You must deliver a spoken production, applying the present perfect tense you will speak about the
most important experience in your life. The video you will have to last 2 minutes. You can use any
app for recording yourself and upload the video in moodle according to your teacher`s
instructions.

4B. WE HAVE NOT HAD VITAL DREAMS

READING
THE EXPERIENCES OF JACK FORRESTER
56
 Jack Forrester is one of the most adventurous people from all over the world. In this article we will take a
look at his jobs, personal life and extreme adventures.

Jack has had several jobs, about 30. Among the most interesting jobs we can highlight the following: he has
been an astronaut, a teacher and a dancer. According to Jack, his most rewarding job has been to be a
teacher in Africa, Europe and South America.

As for his personal life, we can point out that he has had five girlfriends in his life, but he has only been
married once. He hasn’t had children yet, but he wants to have two daughters.

Jack has lived in more than 15 countries, his favorite country is Japan. He has gone around the world twice:
the first one in 1999 by boat and the second one in hot air balloon 3 years ago. Some people may wonder
how he has paid for these trips and adventures; well, Jack is an entrepreneur that has created and sold
about 6 successful companies.

Jack Forrester is a role model for his family and friends.

Retrieved from: https://www.aprenderinglesrapidoyfacil.com/2016/06/28/texto -presente-perfecto/

Read the text above and answer the following questions.

1. What is the purpose of the article?
The purpose is to know about jack, his personal life at all.
2. How many times has Jack gone around the world?
twice
3. In your opinion, the adjective “rewarding” is close in meaning to:
It means gratifying
4. What happened in 1999?
For first time, Jack traveled around the world by boat.
5. The verb “point out” is close in meaning to:
It mans highlight or emphasize
6. Has Jack led an interesting and a daring life? In your opinion.
In my opinion, I think that Jack's life has been so interesting. he has enjoyed it traveling,
working and getting much money. He has worked hard to fulfill his dreams.

VOCABULARY
Label the words with the most suitable picture.
Win the lottery See an UFO Love letter Donate blood
57
 Read books Act wrong

see an UFO Act wrong Win the lottery

Donate blood Read books Love letter

Read the grammar section below and use de vocabulary to form questions with WH word-
present perfect.

• We win of the lottery.

what have you won?
• You have donated blood.
what have you donated?
• She has seen an ufo.
what have you seen?
• He has not acted wrong.
Has he acted wrong?
• David and Luis have written letter love.
What has David and Luis written love?
• Michael has read a book.
Has Michael read a book?

58
 GRAMMAR: Question –Wh
Question
Afirmative

WH/ Have/Has + subject + past participle + ...

Negative
Long form WH/ Have/Has + subject + not + past participle + ...
Short form WH/ Haven't/Hasn't + subject + past participle + ...
Afirmative Negative
Have I worked? Have I not worked? Haven't I worked?

Have you worked? Have you not worked? Haven't you worked?
Has he worked? Has he not worked? Hasn't he worked?

Has she worked? Has she not worked? Hasn't she worked?

Has it worked? Has it not worked? Hasn't it worked?

Have we worked? Have we not worked? Haven't we worked?

Have you worked? Have you not worked? Haven't you worked?
Have they worked? Have they not worked? Haven't they worked?

GRAMMAR EXERCISE
1. Order the words and make questions in the present perfect.

• You/ have/ the/seen/ painting? negative

Have you not seen the painting?
• Done/ you/ your/ homework/ have?
Have you done your homework?
• Offended/ have/ him/ I?
Have I ofended him?
• Where/ been/ this/ have/ morning/ you?
Where have you been this morning?
• Why/ Richard/ has/ to Europe/ travelled ?
Why has Richard travelled to Europe? 
59
• English/ Where/ Anna/ learned/ has?
Where has Anna learned English?
• Which/ not/ fruit/ bought/ has/ he?
Which has he not bought fruit

Exercise:
Answer present perfect. Them form questions present perfect tense
• You are very fat. You practiced (practice) sport
Have you are not practiced sport? (NEGATIVE)

Please, we are in the church; you stoped (stop) making that unpleasant noise
Have you we are not stoped in the church? (NEGATIVE)

Turn off the TV, you finished (Finish) your homework

Have you not done your homework? (NEGATIVE)

• You speaked (speak) to your brother and you have tried to solve that problem
Why have you are not speaked whit your brother? (NEGATIVE)

• Our teachers congrats us because we been (be) quiet during the class
Why have we are not silence class? (NEGATIVE)

• You will have exams in two days. You studying (study) harder for 2 weeks.
Have you are not studied harder? (NEGATIVE)
(leave) this place without your ID cards.
Why have you not do go? (NEGATIVE)

LISTENING:
Listening to audio and answuer the questions. ( Track 8)

Listening Lab Exercise 23 - present perfect tense WH.m4a

1. Where have you __________?

2. How long have you ___________ here?

3. Tom _____MUSCH_____ ___________ there for ten years.

60
4. Michelle ________TOO__ __________ anything to eat yet today. (negative)

5. ____ARE______ you ___HAVE________ all of your homework?

6. We ____MAIT NOT_____ __________ that movie yet. (negative)

7. _____IS_____ she __________ with the teacher?

8. It ________AREN´T__ ___________ since last week. (negative)

9. ___ARE_______ you ___________ any coffee?

10. Bob ___WILL_______ __________ several times over the last year.

https://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Listening_Lab/
Listening_Lab_Exercise_23_present_perfect.html

SPEAKING AND WRITING

Use the reading passage “THE EXPERIENCES OF JACK FORRESTER” to finish arranging your own
experience. Use the vocabulary to create your own history an dteh questions below the picture

Use the chat section in your moodle to ask and aswer the following questions. Don’t forget you
have to work with a partner and answer the following questions.

1. What do you think is the most vital dreams in your life?

2. Do you have someone who is your role model?
3. What do you plan to do to achieve your dreams ?
I am going to talk to you about the most important dreams of my life and the plans that I am
going to make in order to achieve my dreams. First, one of my goals is to be able to have my

61
degree as a Systems Engineer since I am close to finishing my university studies. When I have my
title it is to be able to work in a military service office. I wanted to study for a Ph.D. but for
Senecyt reasons I am studying Systems Engineering. After I have my job and my degree I want to
study another career in the area of Medicine. I am taking a Nursing course at the Clinic where I
currently work. I would like to have a house in Guayaquil that is in an urbanization that has four
floors.
4C. ALREADY STARTED TO CHANGE MY LIGE

Hello, here we have a video for a greater illustration of you about perfect
present using with ALREADY, YET, JUST, STILL. Are you ready to get to work?

Retrieved from:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9siOvRuefg

LET`S PRACTICE
Use the information in the video to order the following exercise,
use present perfect structure as need it.
Eaten / I / already / have / lunch.
I have already Eaten lunch
Car / bought / just / a / I / new.
I just bought a Car new
Know / do / still / doesn't / she / to / what
What she doesn´t to do still know
Finished / have / project / our / we / already
We have project finished our already
? / this / yet / have / seen / you / film /
Have you this film yet seen?
She / already / know / all her neighbours in a week
She all her neighbours in a week already know
You / have breakfast / yet?
Have you yet breakfast?
62
 You / not be bored / yet / in your job?
You not be bored yet in your job?
I / not be / yet / in your new house
I not be yet in your new house
We / watch already / that film twice
We water already that film twice
VOCABULARY Label the words with
the most suitable picture.

New job Invited to cinema Payment of money

Closed shop Dating Rehearsing for the concert.

Payment of money Dating Rehearsing for the

concert

Closed shop New job Invited to

cinema

Look at the table below and circle the most appropriate, in some situation more than one option
can be possible

• We are ____ rehearsing for the concert.

Already just still
yet
• You _____ started that new job and you are _____ complaining.
Already just still
yet
• Thanks for the invitation, but I have ____ seen that film.

63
 Already just still
yet
• They hurried to the store, but it was ____ closed.
Already just still yet

• Are you ____ dating Jim?

Already just still
yet
• Michael hasn't paid me all the money he owes me ____.
Already just still
yet

GRAMMAR: ALREADY, JUST, YET, STILL

Retrievedfrom:https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/intermediate--‐grammar/just--‐yet--‐still--‐already

64
 LET`S PRACTICE
Use the prompts and extra information to write statements in present perfect with
Already, yet, just
1. (They/ eat /exotic foods).
They have already eated exotic foods Earlier than expected
They have just eat exotic foods Short time ago
They haven´t still eat exotic food Negative
Have they eat exotic foods yet? Interrogative
2. ( She/ runs/ close to home).
She has already closed to home Earlier than expected
She has just close to home Short time ago
She hasn´t still close to home Negative
Has she close to home yet? Interrogative
3. (My parents/ see/ the gifts to the party)
My parents have already see the gifts to the party Earlier than expected
My parents have just see the gifts to the party Short time ago
My parents haven´t still see the gifts to the party Negative
Have my parents see the gifts to the party yet? Interrogative

Read the sentences carefully and fill in the spaces with the correct option
(YET/STILL/ALREADY/JUST).

1. They have already finished their homework.

65
 2. Has it finished raining yet?

3. John moved to London 10 years ago and he still lives there.

4. 4. Don't come in here with those muddy shoes! I have just cleaned this floor !!!

5. The train has just arrived.

6. I will not be able to go to school today because it is yet snowing.

7. 7. I'm sorry You have already missed Katie.
8. It's 11 am, and George is just in bed.
9. Jacob has already left work.
10. I've been taking English lessons for 3 months but I haven't made much progress yet.

LISTENING
Listen to the explanation and work on the activity below (Track 9)

u14_6min_grammar_download.mp3

Adver Meaning Position Example

b
Just An action Usually before I just left the
happened a very the main verb house.
short time ago

Alread An action Usually before I already got

y happened sooner the main verb the tickets!
than expected

Still An action was Usually before But

expected to finish the main verb I’m still getting
sooner ready.
Yet An action is Usually at the And I have not
expected to end of the eaten yet.
happen sentence

Retrieved from: https://www.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish/english/course/lower -intermediate/unit-

14/downloads

66
 Read the statement and listen to the audio to complete the sentences with the correct adverb.
You can help you with the table above. (Track 9)

• The book was supposed to be here last week but it just hasn’t arrived.

• I’ve already been to the Air and Space Museum. Let’s try the Museum of Natural History
instead.

• She just arrived ten minutes ago. We’re going to catch up first then we’ll come meet you.

• Have you left work yet? I want to tell you a funny story about my day!

• Is the food ready yet? He’s hungry.

• Do you just live in Washington, DC?

• My bag was just here a minute ago. Where did it go?

• I just know what you got me for my birthday!

SPEAKING

Use all the information from the lesson you are working on and create a story with things
you

have and have not experienced. Use adverbs Already, just, still, yet. The video must last 1

minute and it needs to be uploaded to the moodle according to your teacher´s instruction.

WRITING
Choose a paragraph from a book you have read recently, then transform it so that it
uses the present perfect tense and adverbs ( yet, still, already, just). It must be done
in 120 words and uploaded to the moodle according to your teacher´s instruction.

It is a sunny Sunday at 2:00pm and I haven´t wake up Yet, this never happen to me, up to now, but
my excuse is that my girlfriend break up with me 2 week ago and lately I have been so sad,
67
everything for me is blue and horrible, recently I have been just listening sad music, music I have
ever sing like when I was your man from Bruno Marks, I have try go out with friends but I still being
sad, I already try to eat ice cream and it is not helping me, and it doesn’t matter to me if the most
beautiful woman of the word wants to be with me because listen me the only woman I want is she.

68
Unit 5

TENSES

Unit objective:
Learners will be able to
describe past events
which are connected with
present time or not.

Learning outcome:
• Inferring from
context
• Producing piece of
writing.
• Listening for specific
and general
information
• Mentioning past
experiences
• Ask for clarification
• Show their opinion
indirectly
• Identifying
vocabulary about
search engines
• Reading for specific
information

5A. SEARCH ENGINES READING

Read the following Web article. Pay special attention to the present perfect tense

Reading exercise

1. Underline the present perfect tense in each sentence. Then tell if the sentence is true or false

a) Google has grown over the years. False

b) Sergey Brin has lived in the U.S. all his life. True

c) Larry Page and Sergey Brin have known each other since they were children. True
d) Larry Page has been interested in computers since he was a child. True

e) Brin and Page have returned to college to finish their degrees. True
f) Brin and Page have become rich. True
g) The noun “Google” has become a verb. False

61
2. Read the following questions and answer them with your own information
a. Do you use the Internet a lot? Why?
Yes a lot since I use it to do homework I use it for work and to be on social networks see movies on
YouTube
b. What search engine do you usually use?
I use Microsoft Edge more because it is a faster and more agile browser and also it is not very heavy
a. How often do you use Google to search for information?
I always use it as it is the fastest browser
b. Do you have a Gmail account? Do you use another Google product? Which ones?
If I have Gmail and also used other accounts

VOCABULARY

1. Read the vocabulary about search engines and circle them in the reading above
1-Degree Qualification given to a student after he or she has completed his or her
studies.
2-Founder Someone who establishes an organization
3-Research A study of a subject, especially in order to discover new information
4-Search engine A computer program that finds information on the internet by looking for
words that you have typed in
5-Rival A person, group, etc. Competing with others for the same thing or in the same
area
6-Advertisement A picture, short film, song, etc. That tries to persuade people to buy a
(AD) product or service
7-Banner An advertisement that appears across the top of a page on the internet or in a
newspaper

2. Read the vocabulary above and select the most suitable word for each statement.

a. Many scientists around the world are working really hard. They are doing some the vaccine to
find out the best medicine to attack Covid-19.
Also, some are trying to companies forgot their problems and now they are working together
investing huge amounts of money in research that allow these companies to get a vaccine.
b. At the beginning, start the pandemic of this company didn´t like to use face masks to
promote their sales of cosmetic. However, nowadays if you go to any shopping mall you can
see a big amount of people at the entrance of each store.

62
GRAMMAR: SIMPLE PAST VS. PRESENT PERFECT

Present Perfect Simple Past Simple

1.Unfinished actions that started in the past
and continue to the present
2.A finished action in someone's life (when
the person is still alive: life experience)
3.A finished action with a result in the
present
4.With an unfinished-time word (this week,
this month, today):
Before, already, yet, for, since, recently,
still, time
GRAMMAR EXERCISE
1.Finished actions
2.A finished action in someone's life (when the
person is dead):
3.A finished action with no result in the present
4. With a finished-time word (last week, last
month, yesterday):
Last night, last year, yesterday, today, ago,
first, then, later, when

1. Do not confuse the present perfect with the simple past. Read the examples and identify
the use of simple past (a) or present perfect (b) use in context.

EXAMPLES EXPLANATION
Compare:
a. Sergey Brin came to the U.S. in 1979. Sentences (___WHET_) show a single action in the

b. Sergey Brin has been in the U.S. since 1979.
a. Brin and Page started Google in 1998.
continuation of
b. Google has been popular since 1998.
past. This action does not continue.
Sentences (___HOG LOG__) show the
an action or state from the past to the
present.

a. When did Brin come to the U.S.? Question (____WHET__) with when uses the
simple
b. How long has Brin been in the U.S.? past tense. Question (___HOG LOG__) with
How long uses the present perfect tense.

2. Make sentences from the words in brackets. Use the present perfect or past simple.
a. (It/Not/Rain/This Week)

This Week it not rain

b. ( The Weather/Be/Cold/Recently)

The weather recently be cold

c. (It/Be/Cold/Last Week)

Last Week it be cold

d. ( I /Not/Read/A Newspaper/Last Week)

63
 Last Week I not read a newspaper

e. ( I /Not /Read/ A Newspaper /Today)

Today I not read a newspaper
f. ( Emily /Earn/A Lot Of Money/This Year)
This year Emily Earn a lot of money
g. (She/Not/Earn/So Much/ Last Year)

She not earn so much Last year

h. (You/Have/A Holiday Recently?)

You Have A Holiday Recently?

3. Are the underlined parts of these sentences right or wrong? Correct them where
necessary.

a. Ow! I’ve cut my finger. It’s bleeding. It’s bleeding Ow! I’ve cut my finger.

b. Drugs have become a big problem everywhere. Drugs have become a big problem everywhere

c. Who has invented paper? Who has invented paper?

d. Where have you been born? Where have you been born?

e. Ellie isn’t at home. She’s gone shopping. She’s isn’t at home. Ellie gone shopping
f. Albert Einstein has been the scientist who has developed the theory of relativity. Albert Einstein
has been the scientist who has developed the theory of relativity
g. I’ve bought a new car. You must come and see it. You must come and see it I’ve bought a new
car

h. I’ve bought a new car last week. I’ve bought a new car last week
i. Where have you been yesterday evening? Where have you been yesterday evening?

j. Lucy has left school in 1999. Lucy has left school in 1999
k. I’m looking for Mike. Have you seen him? Have you seen him? I’m looking for Mike
l. Have you been to Paris?’ ‘Yes, many times. Have you been to Paris?’ ‘Yes, many times
m. I’m very hungry. I haven’t eaten much today. I haven’t eaten much today I’m very hungry
n. When has this book been published When has this book been published

64
LISTENING EXERCISES

Listen and write the questions you hear. ( Track 10)

1. What 3 things does the speaker say you need to do before you begin painting?

2. Why did the man start working with Steve?

3.. What animal does the man think Steve is similar to?

4.Who do you think paid more attention to the work, Steve or the speaker?

5. Did the speaker socialize with Steve when they weren’t painting together?

WRITTEN PRODUCTION

Prepare a composition where you describe the search engine you mostly use for personal and academic
purposes.

Paragraph 1. You need to mention the search engines, their function and quality of information you
obtain from them

Paragraph 2. Indicate the process you follow to select the most appropriate information from the huge
amount of information you find out on internet.

Paragraph 3. In this section, you have to conclude mentioning any improvement you want to see in
your favorite search engine.

The composition must be done in 150 words in length and you need to use simple past, present
perfect and other tenses when they were needed it. The composition needs to be uploaded to the
moodle section according to your teacher`s instruction.

65
5B. THEY ARE READY, AREN´T THEY?

VIDEO : TAG QUESTIONS

Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AWwcWk4q2OU

1. Listen to the audio and fill in the space with the grammar structure you hear.

a. Road trip are great, aren`t they?

b. He is very proud of everything he gets right,
c. Lala is amazing, isn´t she?
d. He is kind of spongy, isn´t he?
e. A pen is a simple thing, isn´t it?
f. They are a pretty good team, aren´t they?
g. Series developer make serious income, don´t they?
h. They look almost exactly the same, don´t they?
i. Kevin has a big surprise in store doesn´t he?
j. He didn’t ask for a n increase, did he?

k. He hasn´t been clear on this question, has he?

l. They have learned over the last week, haven´t they?

2. Watch the video and check your answers in exercise 1.

66
GRAMMAR:

TAG QUESTIONS

It is a statement followed by a mini

question. We use tag questions to
ask for confirmation.
The tone of voice at the moment of using question tag can indicate:
1.
If rising intonation, it is a real question.
2.
If intonation falls, it is not a real question-sarcastic comment.
Negative adverbs He never came, did he?
We are rarely late, are we?
Imperatives
Take a seat, won't you?
Don’t open that, will you?
Some more special cases
I am right, aren't I?
Nothing came in the post, did it?
Let's go, shall we?

Retrieved from: Retrievedfrom:https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/tag--‐questions.htm

67
 LET`S PRACTICE

Write the most suitable question tag.

1. He isn’t my friend anymore, You are no longer my friend

2. They work together there, You work together

3. My mom won`t give me that phone, My mom doesn't give me this phone

4. We will be marrying at this time next week, We will get married the following week at the same
time

5. We haven’t got any illness, We are not sick

6. The mustn´t be so much late, It shouldn't take long

7. She is taller than me, She is bigger than me

8. Tanya threw up a lot yesterday morning, Tanya got sick yesterday morning

9. Our house is the most beautiful form this neighbor, My house is more beautiful than the
neighbor's

10. My dad watches TV every night, My dad watches television at night

11. The storm didn´t bring anything, The storm left nothing

12. It may not rain tonight, It may not rain today at night

13. We might not travel to the hills this weekend, Maybe I won't travel to the hills this week

14. We were having a good time, We are having a great time

15. Peter does some hard exercise, Peter is doing strong exercises

16. He did some hard exercise, He did strong exercises

17. He will do some hard exercise, He will do strong exercises

18. He has done some exercises, He has done some exercises

19. I`m not selling my house, My house is not for sale

20. I haven’t done it, I could not do it

21. Let`s go to the beach, We're going to the beach

22. I am your best friend, I'll be your best friend

PRODUCTION

Create a dialogue where you have to include tag questions. You are free to choose
68 the tenses or make a mixed of tenses. Once you finish the dialogue film yourself
presenting the dialogue, you will have to perform all the roles. The video must last 2
minutes in length.
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