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14‐ RESPIRATION IN PLANTS
Living cells require a continuous supply
of energy for maintaining various life
activities. This energy is obtained by
oxidizing the organic food substances
present in the cells. The food
substances like Carbohydrates,
proteins, fats which are used for
oxidation during respiration are called
‘respiratory substrates’.
Vikasana – Bridge Course 2012
What is respiration?
It is a cellular catabolic process, in which
the organic food substances (Glucose﴿
are oxidized completely or partially with
or without using oxygen, resulting in the
formation of ATP molecules. The energy
present in the chemical bonds of
glucose molecule will be transferred to
the phosphate bonds of ATP during
respiration.Vikasana – Bridge Course 2012
Adenosine Tri phosphate (ATP)
ATP isi also
l called
ll d ‘energy
‘ currency’. ’ Cells
C ll
depend upon the energy stored in the
phosphate
h h t bonds
b d off ATP molecule l l for
f allll
their energy needs. ATP has usable form
off energy. The
Th normall bonds b d C-C C C and d C-
C
H bonds present in the food substances
yield
i ld less
l energy while hil the
th phosphate
h h t
bond of ATP yield 7.3 k cals .
ADP + Pi →ATPATP (Ph
(Phosphorylation﴿
h l ti
Vikasana – Bridge Course 2012
﴿
Structure of ATP
Glucose(6C)+2ATP+
4ADP+2NAD→
2PyruvicAcid(3C)
+2ADP+4ATP+
2NADH
2Coenzyme A
2CO2
2NAD+H 2NADH
2H 2H+ + 2e -
NADH ½O2+2e-+2H
½O2 2e 2H
Gl
Glycolysis
l i 2 ATP 2 NADH = 6 A T P 8
6 NADH = 18 ATP
Krebs Cycle 2 ATP 24
2 FADH2 = 4 ATP
TOTAL 4 ATP 34 ATP 38
2.Pyruvic
y acid+NADH+H→Lactic acid+NAD
RQ value of carbohydrate
y is one
RQ value of proteins and fats is <one (0.7
to 0.9))
RQ value of organic acids is > one (1.3 to
4))
RQ value in anaerobic respiration is
infinity
y as oxygen
yg is not used.
Vikasana – Bridge Course 2012
Summary
p
Respiration py a p
is simply process where in the
unusable energy present In glucose molecule
is transferred to ATP molecule in a step p wise
manner.
Step p wise transfer pprevents loss of energy
gy .
Respiration makes energy available to the
cells for their vital activities.
It can be of aerobic type or anaerobic type.
Anaerobic respiration has wide industrial
application. Vikasana – Bridge Course 2012
Thank you