ELECTRIC POWER UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES

🙡✧🙣

ENGLISH ASSIGNMENT

Subject: English 1

Lecturer’s name: Vũ Thị Sinh

Student’s name: Bùi Thị Minh Nguyệt

Student’s code: 21810810007

Group name: D16KTDN1

Assignment Date: 10 / 1 /2022

Receiving Date: 17 / 1 /2022

Hanoi, Jan 2022

Section 1 (4 points). Choose from the list 04 topics and for each of the topic
A Medical problems

Words/phrases Transcribe Vietnamese Example

phonetically meaning

Toothache (n)  /ˈtuːθ.eɪk/ Đau răng I have a toothache.

Headache (n) /ˈhed.eɪk/ Đau đầu He has a headache and a

little fever.

Runny nose (n) /ˈrʌn.i nəʊz/ Sổ mũi This runny nose is not a
symptom of a cold.

Sore throat (n) /sɔː(r) θrəʊt/ Viêm họng I ate a lot of ice cream
yesterday, so today I have
a sore throat.

Stomach ache (n) /ˈstʌm.ək.eɪk/ Đau bụng I ate a lot of sweets, so I

had stomach ache pains.

Temperature (n) /ˈtem.prə.tʃər/ Ốm sốt After I got the covid

vaccine, I had a
temperature.

Back ache (n) /ˈbæk.eɪk/ Đau lưng The older my mother gets,
the more often my back
ache hurts.

Earache (n) /ˈɪə.reɪk/ Đau tai He was often sick as a

child, suffering from
asthma, earaches and
sinus problems.

Bad cough (n)  /bæd kɒf/ / Ho nặng Every time the wind
returns to the sky, I get a
bad cough.

Sick stomach (n) /sɪk ˈstʌm.ək/ Khó tiêu Because I eat a lot of meat
at night, I have sick
stomach.

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B Sport

Words/phrases Transcribe Vietnamese Example

phonetically meaning

Glove (n) /ɡlʌv/ Găng tay He put on his gloves and

turned around to throw the
ball.

Score (v) /skɔːr/ Ghi bàn Quang Hai players scored

against Laos.

Spectator (n) /spekˈteɪ.t̬ ɚ/ Khán giả The stadium was crowded

with cheering spectators.

Goggles (n) /ˈɡɒɡ.əlz/ Kính bảo hộ My swimming goggles are

steaming so I can't see
them.

Pitch (n) /pɪtʃ/ Sân điền kinh The football pitch was
absolutely sodden.

Track (n) /træk/ Đường đua The runner is now on the

last lap of the track.

Pool (n) /puːl/ Bể bơi My friend and I go to the

swimming pool every
weekend.

Net (n) /net/ Lưới You have to hit the ball

high to get over the net.

Referee (n) /ˌref.əˈriː/ Trọng tài The referee kicked 3

Singapore players.

Golf club (n) /ɡɑːlf klʌb/ Gậy đánh golf Beginners should choose
suitable golf clubs.

C Transport

Words/phrases Transcribe Vietnamese Example

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 phonetically meaning

Petrol station (n) /ˈpet.rəl ˌsteɪ.ʃən/ Trạm xăng The petrol station is 3km
from my house.

Speed limit (n) /ˈspiːd ˌlɪm.ɪt/ Tốc độ tối In densely populated areas,
đa the maximum speed limit of
motorcycles is 40km/h.

Rank (n) /rӕŋk/ Hàng Due to car sickness, every

time I go by car, I usually sit
in the front rank.

Check in (n) /ˈtʃek.ɪn/ Quy trình Due to the Covid-19

xuất trình situation, the check in of
vé presenting the plane ticket is
also faster.

Platform (n) /ˈplӕtfoːm/ Sân ga xe The platform on New Year's

lửa Day is really crowded.

Vehicles (n) /ˈviː.ə.kəl/ Phương No vehicles are allowed to

tiện giao pass through this road -
thông because it is under
construction.

Rush hour (n) /ˈrʌʃ ˌaʊr/ Giờ cao Every time at rush hour,
điểm traffic in Hanoi is congested.

Road work (n) /ˈroʊd .wɝːk/ xây Road work on Highway 101
dựng/làm continues.
đường

Traffic jam (n) /ˈtræf.ɪk ˌdʒæm/ Ách tắc Whenever it's rush hour, the
giao thông roads in Hanoi are often
clogged with traffic jam.

Pedestrian (n) /pəˈdes.tri.ən/ Người đi In the countryside, every

bộ morning pedestrians are full
on the road.

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D Environment

Words/phrases Transcribe Vietnamese Example

phonetically meaning

Carton /ˈkɑːr.t̬ ən/ Giấy bìa cứng We should recycle cartons into
useful home decorations.

Eggshell /ˈeɡ.ʃel/ Vỏ trứng We can use eggshells to make

fertilizer for plants.

Newspaper /ˈnuːz.ˌpeɪ.pɜː/ Báo After reading the newspaper,

we can use it to wrap gifts.

Tin can /ˈtɪn ˈkæn/ Hộp thiếc The tin can after use should not
be thrown away, but should be
used to make a measuring tube
for rice.

Envelope /ˈɑːn.və.loʊp/ Phong bì The teacher opened the sealed

envelope containing the test
papers.

Metal /ˈmet̬ .əl/ Kim loại Lead and tin are malleable
metals.

Jar /dʒɑːr/ Chai lọ After using the jars, I usually

leave them to plant flowers.

Wood /wʊd/ Gỗ I sanded and polished the wood

floor in the living room.

Aluminum /əˈluː.mə.nəm/ Nhôm Recycling aluminum scrap

benefits the environment.

Plastic /ˈplæs.tɪk/ Nhựa These toys are made from

tough plastic.

Section 2 (4 points): Choose from the list 04 grammatical topics and for each of
the topics, write in details:

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A.The Present Simple Tense.
I FORMULA

1)WITH REGULAR VERBS

- Affirmative sentence S + V(s/es) + O.

Note We, You, They + V_inf

He, She, It + V (s/es)

Ex: He plays tennis every week.

- Negative sentences S + do/does+ not+ V + O.

Note do not = don’t

does not = doesn’t

Ex: I don't play games.

- Interrogative sentences Do/Does + S + V + O ?

+ Yes, S + do/does.

+ No, S + do/does + not.

Ex: Do you play games ?

Yes, I do.

- WH- QUESTION WH-word +do/does +S + V_inf +...?

Ex: How does she go to school?

2) WITH THE VERB TOBE

- Affirmative sentence S + am/are/is +O

Note I + am

We, You, They  + are

He, She, It  + is

- Negative sentences S + am/are/is + not +O

Note is not = isn’t

are not = aren’t

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 Ex: My litter sister isn’t tall.

- Interrogative sentences Am/ Are/ Is + S + O?

+Yes, S + am/ are/ is.

+No, S + am not/ aren’t/ isn’t.

Ex: Is she beautiful?

Yes, she is.

- WH- QUESTION WH- word +am /is /are +S+...?

Ex: Who is that girl?

II USAGE

- Describe a phenomenon or an obvious fact, a truth.

Ex: The sun rises in the east.

- Express a habit, a routine happening in the present, a custom, a possibility.

Ex: I usually go to bed at 11 p.m.

- Used to describe things, things that happen in a legal way.

Ex: This festival occurs every 4 years.

- Express an available schedule.

Ex: The plane takes off at 3 p.m this afternoon.

- Describe a perception, feeling, state of the present.

Ex: They look tired.

III RECOGNIZING SIGNS

- When the adverb of frequency is used in a sentence: Always , usually, often, frequently,
occasionally ,sometimes, from time to time, seldom , rarely, hardly , never , generally,
regularly, every other day ....

Ex: I often wake up late.

- Every day, every week, every month, every year,…….

Ex: Once a year he fly back to visit my family in Korea.

- Once/ twice/ three times/ four times….. a day/ week/ month/ year

Ex: I go swimming twice a week

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IV Rules for changing verbs of the present simple in the third person singular
“he, she, it”

1) Add -es to verbs ending in -o, -s, -ch, -x, -sh, -z

Ex: watch-watches → Mai watches TV at 7 pm every day.

2) With verbs ending in -y

- We will change -y to -ies if -y is preceded by a consonant

Ex: fly- flies → My brother flies to America in 12 hours.

- We add "s" after the verb if the -y is a vowel before.

Ex: play-plays → Huy usually plays soccer at 8 o'clock.

3) For the verb “HAVE” we divide it into “HAS” for the third person singular subject.

Ex: The garden has lots of flowers in it.

4) With all the remaining verbs, we just need to add "s" after the verb to be conjugated.

Ex: My father leaves for work at 6.

B Frequency adverbs
I Usage

- Adverbs of frequency describe the frequency of an action (usually, always, rarely,

...).

Ex: My father often reads the news.

- The adverb of frequency is used to answer questions with: “How often?”

Ex: How often do you go to the cinema?

I think I go to the cinema very often, about three times a week.

II Common adverbs of frequency

Adverbs of Frequency Vietnamese meaning Example

Always Luôn luôn She always gets up late.

Usually Thường xuyên She usually drives to work.

Normally/ Generally Thông thường, thường lệ She normally goes jogging after
work.

Often/ Frequently Thường thường She often goes to the park.

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 Sometimes Đôi khi, đôi lúc She sometimes eats at home.

Occasionally Thỉnh thoảng She occasionally eats Japanese

food.

Hardly ever Hầu như không bao giờ She hardly every eats Korean
food.

Rarely, seldom Hiếm khi She seldom plays tennis.

Never Không bao giờ She never goes to school late.

III Position

- Adverbs after the verb To be

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 Ex: She is always patient when teaching her students.

- Adverbs before regular verbs

Ex: My mother rarely eats meat.

- Adverbs come before auxiliary verbs and main verbs

Ex: I have never been abroad.

- Adverbs of frequency sometimes come at the beginning or end of a sentence (except

hardly, ever, never).

Ex: Normally, my dad will pick me up at 5 p.m.

C Modal Verbs
I FORMULA

1) Present and future tense

Affirmative : S + Modal Verbs + V_inf

Negative: S + Modal Verbs + not + V_inf

Question: Modal Verbs + S + V_inf?

Ex: I must finish my homework before tomorrow.

2) In the past tense

Affirmative: S + Modal Verbs + have + V3/ed

Negative: S + Modal Verbs + not + have + V3/ed

Question: Modal Verbs + S + have + V3/ed?

Ex: She could have done better if she had studied hard last night.

II Functions of modal verbs

- Use the verbs can, must, may, might to predict the possibility of something
happening. Descending certainty: must, can, may, might

Ex: It must be hot outside.

Learning English can be hard to some.

It may take two hours.

- It might rain.

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- Use the verbs can and could to talk about ability and capacity. Can is used to talk
about a possibility in the present, and could is used to talk about a possibility in the
past.

Ex: - He can't speak Korean.

- She couldn't remember his name.

- Use the verbs must, ought to, should to express the idea that something should be
done or should be done. Descending imperative: must, ought to, should.

Ex: Students must do their homework.

They ought to apologize.

You should wait here.

- Use the verbs may, might, can, could to express permission to do something.

Ex: You may not eat or drink in the library.

Could I go home early today?

They can go home now.

Might I use your phone?

- Use the verbs can, could, will, would, shall in polite requests or invitations.

Ex: Would you like some coffee?

Could you help me with this?

Can you help me with this?

Will you marry me?

Shall we dance?

- Use the verb will to express the intention to do or promise to do something.

Ex: I will stay here with you.

- Use the verbs will and would to talk about habits in the present (will) or the past
(would).

Ex: When I was little, I would play outside all day.

Tim will always be late!

III Distinguish modal verbs

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1) Can – Could

Can - Can't: Expresses the present or future She can speak English fluently.
possibility that a person can/can't do something,
or an event can/can't happen.

Could - Couldn't : Expresses the possibility of My brother could speak English

happening in the past when he was five.

2) Must - Have to

Must: Expresses necessity, imperative in the You must get up early in the
present or future morning.

Have to: Describes the need to do something but I have to stop smoking. My
is objective (rules, regulations, ...) doctor said that.

D Superlative of adjectives
I Usage

Form: Noun (subject) + verb + the + superlative adjective + noun (object).

- Used to compare 3 things, or 3 or more people go up

- We always have the article "the" first superlative adjectives.

II Forming regular superlative

1) Short adjective

Rules Adjective Superlative

Most short adjectives: add –est tall tallest

small smallest

One-syllable adjectives ending large largest

in equals –e: +r/ +st nice nicest

One-syllable adjectives ending big biggest

in a vowel + a consonant: double fat fattest
the final consonant +est
sad saddest

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 Some two-syllable adjectives happy happiest
ending in -y: change -y à -i + est hungry hungriest

Some two-syllable adjectives clever cleverest/ most clever

end in –er/ -ow/ -le narrow narrowest/ most narrow

simple simplest/ most simple

Ex: Who is the tallest person in your family?

2) Long adjective

Adjectives with three or more syllables form the superlative by putting ‘most’ in front
of the adjective

Adjective Superlative

modern most modern

important most important

interesting most interesting

Ex: That was a really good meal, probably one of the most delicious I have ever

eaten.

3) Exception

Adjective Superlative

bad worst

good best

far farthest/ furthest

little lest

many/ much most

old oldest/ eldest

Ex: What is the best way to go to the office station?

Section 3. Choose a topic from the list and write a short paragraph about the
topic.You can write 120-150 words . Tell about a picnic that you went with your
friends.

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 When I was a high school student, I had a chance to go on a picnic with my
classmates. Back then, we just finished the National Test for University Admissions
for which we had spent almost three years. It is the time for us to recuperate from the
tough study works and bond with each other. After thorough considerations, we
decided to go to a very well-known beach near our hometown. It took us more than
one hour to get there due to heavy traffic. Fortunately, we managed to arrive there at
the moment of sunrise. The sun shined brightly on the sand and the sky was crystal
clear. Different kinds of snacks and drinks were brought for lunch. We also spent a
good part of the day enjoying outdoor games and sunset sightseeing together. It was
not until the late evening that we returned to our home. I love the picnic because it is
the last chance I and my friends could experience such a memorable time.

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