A PROPOSED RELOCATION DEVELOPMENT PROJECT

IN STA. ELENA, ILIGAN CITY, LANAO DEL NORTE

A CVE195 (CIVIL ENGINEERING PROJECT 1) PROJECT

Presented to the Faculty of
Department of Civil Engineering and Technology
College of Engineering and Technology
Mindanao State University– Iligan Institute of Technology
Iligan City

In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Degree of
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

By: (Company Name)

AUGUSTUS NICKO T. BAS

JONAH C. CUBILLAS
HAPHIS S. HAIRULLA
KYLE ADRIAN A. OLIVA
EIDELL BRYAN D. PONGASE
RENZ JOSHUA C. TACASTACAS
MERWIN ANDREW M. UY

Engr. Raquel O. Masalig

Instructor

January 2022
This project entitled:

“A Proposed Relocation Development Project in Sta. Elena, Iligan City Lanao del Norte”

Developed by:

Augustus Nicko T. Bas

Jonah C. Cubillas
Haphis S. Hairulla
Kyle Adrian A.Oliva
Eidell Bryan D. Pongase
Renz Joshua C. Tacastacas
Merwin Andrew M. Uy

And submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Bachelor of Science
in Civil Engineering, has been examined and recommended for acceptance and approval.

Engr. Raquel O. Masalig

Instructor

___________
Date
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 General Introduction

Land ownership has a huge effect on the management of natural, social, and economic
resources both local and national. Local and National Government Units have done a sturdy
job to ensure proper implementation and enforcement of land ownership laws, as well as
ensuring that all constituents have equal opportunity to be able to procure land and property
for either personal use, commercial use, or sometimes both. Land use and land ownership
have recently been the target of focus not only due to the advent of globalization,
development, and economic growth, but also due to its role in increasing the capability for
strategic planning of disaster reduction methods and risk prevention (Santos et al., 2016).

One aspect that government sectors focus on solving are in locations with
concentrated poverty, which are sometimes situated in areas that are in close proximity to
rivers, estuaries, and seasides–areas of major hydrologic concerns. Due to the continuous
development of ‘global cities’ or globalization in general, informal settlers have increasingly
been left out of urban planning either consciously or unconsciously due to discrimination
(Shatkin, 2004). This problem is of great concern since it defeats the purpose of why
governments and government sectors are established. Ownership of formal titles of house
plots tend to have positive effects for affected individuals with regards to law and order, job
opportunities, education, and financial stability. Although some housing programs have had
limited impact on the lives of the families involved, there are now ways to improve upon
where past programs have fallen short in order to effectively introduce a template for viable
housing programs (Porio et al., 2004).

This paper shows the relevance of proper and efficient relocation and housing
programs for underprivileged or low-income families towards the successful urban
development and progress of a city or municipality. Development in both social and
economic statuses in turn have major positive effects on the unemployment rate, which
subsequently increases the total average household income, further developing the economy.
Proper housing plan can be specifically designed to maximize household density without
sacrificing space, cost, safety, and efficiency. This paper serves as a basis from which future
local urban planning methods and housing programs can be based on and/or improved upon.
1.2 Background of the Study

Urban planning is the formulation of plans for the regulation and management of
urban development within an area of governance, as well as the delineation of spatial
boundaries and distribution of resources. Urban planning primarily aims to improve public
welfare at maximum efficiency in the expenditure of time and resources, without sacrificing
environmental and socioeconomic prospects (Huxley & Inch, 2020). It is a highly technical
and political field, an interdisciplinary synthesis of engineering, architecture, geography,
economics, sociology, and environmental sciences. As such, urban planning involves the use
of time, resources, and manpower at high amounts to produce ideal results (McGill
University, 2007).

A development plan is an urban planning tool that aids in the determination of the
form and scope of urban development to be undertaken within a designated area, such as
towns, cities, or other metropolitan areas. It provides details on the location and usage of
current structures and present state of development, as well as the permissible locations for
the upcoming construction of new infrastructure (NI Direct). The formulation of a
development plan consists primarily of identifying development needs, such as housing,
employment, and pollution, and how these needs are to be addressed within a specific time
frame (City of Bradford Metropolitan District Council). In essence, a development plan
serves as a roadmap as to what and where something should be built within an area. As such,
it has significant influence on infrastructure investment and future development (Wirral
Council).

The term, ‘informal settlers’, refers to groups of people who have claimed and
established an area of land that they hold no legal claim over as their primary residence
without the consent of the land’s owner or the governing body that holds jurisdiction over it
(Martinez & Roitman, 2019). In addition, the term extends to groups of people inhabiting
unplanned or unauthorized settlements where housing or infrastructure in that area fails to
comply with up-to-date planning regulations or building codes (OECD, 2001).

1.3 Statement of the Problem

 According to the Housing and Resettlement Office in Iligan City, there are 26,345
families that are part of the informal settlers. The community is greatly impacted by the
ongoing infrastructural development of the City. Their present settlement put their safety,
health, and well-being in jeopardy. They are vulnerable to flooding and fire. To address this
problem, we would do a survey and analysis on the study area, as well as develop a site
development plan, architectural planning and designs, a rough cost estimate, and a proposed
structure.

1.4 Significance of the Study

To address the problem state of this study about informal settling, a Relocation
Development Project in Sta. Elena, Iligan City Lanao del Norte is proposed to its local
government unit, Department of Works and Highways and their stakeholders.

This proposal aims to provide a sustainable and disaster-ready housing for informal
settlers throughout Iligan City. Strengthened economic development to the residents of Sta.
Elena is also one of the many impacts this project would like to bring, which is possible by
designing tourist-attractive structures and spots within the vicinity of this development plan.

Furthermore, this project would like to provide safe and secured housing for the
informal settlements.

1.5 Objectives of the Study

The proponents aim to develop the lot area bought by the Barangay Tomas Cabili for
the relocation of informal settlers to the Barrio Sta. Elena. This development implies many
opportunities that can be served in the local community.

The project objectives are as follows:

1. To promote a sustainable relocation site for the informal settlers in Barangay Tomas
Cabili.
2. To determine and optimize materials that can lessen the cost of the structures.
 3. Support and strengthen economic developments that provide opportunities for the
informal settlers.
4. To provide a site development plan of the area.
5. To design and construct the structural, architectural and other details of the plan.
6. To use software for structural analysis such as STAAD.
7. To develop the Barrio of Sta. Elena as a business economic zone.
8. To provide an estimate of the total cost for the development of the project.

1.6 Scope and Limitation

The researchers focus on the development plan of Sta. Elena where the proposed
relocation site is located. The informal settlers in Brgy. Tomas Cabili are the top beneficiaries
of the relocation. The researcher can only develop the relocation area within the allocated
area for development. The designing team will also design a roadway for every proposed
structure. The aesthetic and functionality of the said area must also be considered.

Cited Literature (Introduction)

Santos, C. T., Toda, L., Orduña, J. R., Santos, F. D., & Ferrão, J. (2016). The impacts of
Typhoon Haiyan in the Philippines: Implications to land use planning. Climate,
Disaster and Development Journal, 1, 57-66.

Shatkin, G. (2004). Planning to forget: Informal settlements as' forgotten places' in

globalising Metro Manila. Urban studies, 41(12), 2469-2484.

Porio, E., & Crisol, C. (2004). Property rights, security of tenure and the urban poor in Metro
Manila. Habitat International, 28(2), 203-219.
 CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 Site Development Plan

A site development plan or simply site plan is a large-scale layout that shows the full
extent of the site including accurate and complete information to allow a detailed evaluation
for an existing or proposed development. Site plans, along with location plans, may be
necessary for planning applications and permission following a series of desk studies and site
investigations. Primarily, a site plan is used to determine an appropriate and feasible
development outcome, based on the analysis of the development site’s constraints.

Site development plans are prepared by a design consultant who must be either a
licensed engineer, architect, landscape architect, or land surveyor following the standard rules
and regulations provided by the building codes of the region.

Crucial aspects of a site plan include the site analysis, building elements, and planning
of various types including transportation and urban. A site plan typically contains: retained
and proposed buildings, landscape elements, above-ground features and obstructions, major
infrastructure routes, and critical legal considerations such as property boundaries, setbacks,
and rights of way, however, the information shown on a site plan will vary depending on the
size and nature of the project.

Whence, good site planning begins with a comprehensive location analysis within the
immediate and regional context. A good site plan should meet and serve the public facilities
like roads, water, emergency services, sewage disposals, schools etc.

Furthermore, an ideal site plan should provide economic sustainability and cost
benefits that will reduce the demolition, construction, and operation costs of buildings. Social
sustainability should be addressed as well which focuses on the needs of the local community
that will provide improved quality of life, local vitality, and enhance community identity. The
environmental sustainability of the site plan should be emphasized effectively ensuring the
proposal minimizes impact or even enhances environmental impacts. An ideal site plan
should also achieve a development that integrates with the desired surrounding built form and
landscape character for better planning and urban design outcomes.
2.2 Topography and Climate of Iligan City

2.3 Structures

● Residential Houses

Residential houses are buildings used primarily as living space. These

constitute the majority of the construction of this project. These houses are
categorized as a ‘single-family home’ meaning each house is designed with a
minimum of 1 bedroom and 1 toilet and bath room with areas for living space,
dining, and kitchen. The floor plans of the residential houses are designed to
specifically maximize space and efficiency without sacrificing comfort of
living.

Typical low-cost housing structures are designed with poor ventilation

and access for natural light mostly because of its fenestration layout and
placement. With this in mind, the design for these residential houses must
ensure proper layout of windows and doors such that there is room for
entrance of natural light and proper ventilation as well as having enough floor-
to-ceiling height in order for the whole structure to promote air circulation.
Proper engineering of design benefits not only on the energy savings for the
homeowners, but also environmental, as well as comfort namely; thermal
comfort, air quality, and noise protection (Banfi et al., 2008).

Each property is allotted enough lot area for families to have open spaces
outside of their homes within their property. These spaces can be used by the
homeowners for multiple purposes e.g. work area, place for social gatherings,
a play area, or as a garden. The design of the property is done to ensure that
these cater to the needs of every family.

● Multipurpose Hall

A multipurpose hall, also known as a banquet hall, is one of the most

common essential buildings in a city. In the context of the Philippines, it
 serves the community as a facility in which various indoor activities take
place. These activities include meetings, cultural performances, sporting
events, conferences, and celebrations. It is also essential when calamities
happen since it serves as an evacuation center for the affected residents.

There are several considerations in constructing a multipurpose hall.

First, it must have a satisfactory interior design and ambiance. Second, it must
be able to withstand catastrophic disasters such as typhoons and earthquakes.
Third, an effective lighting and ventilation system is considered to save energy
and to make the building users comfortable. Lastly, it must be accessible and
able to provide sufficient space to accommodate nearby residents. The
construction of an effective multipurpose hall enables the community to have
a strong social interaction and development (Lat et al., 2019).

● Playground sa open space

● Mini market

A mini market is a public marketplace where daily necessities, fresh

produce, and even meat and fish are sold. These markets are typically located
in areas where the access to supermarkets is limited. These fresh produce
markets often play and important role in improved diets for rural communities
and often an essential venue for small-scale farmers to sell their agricultural
products directly to consumers at affordable prices.

Certainly, one problem of these types of markets is maintaining

hygiene and food safety standards. Therefore, hygiene is essential and should
be one of the topmost priority. These markets must commit to serve their
customers safe and fresh products from local producers. Infrastructure alone is
not sufficient thus policies and standards must be issued and implemented to
warrant the existence of these markets as safe food providers for the rural
people.

● Public Transport Terminal

 A public transport terminal is an open area where city or intercity
pedicabs and habal-habal (motorcycle taxi rides) stop to pick up and drop off
passengers. The simplest form of habal-habal is a pillion ride for one
passenger on the back of a motorcycle while others are attached with an
extended seat protruding over the back wheel. Pedicabs mainly provide
transportation to passengers within the barangay while habal-habal provides
transportation from the barangay into the city proper and vice versa. In the
case of Brgy. Sta. Elena, pedicabs and habal-habal (motorcycle taxi rides)
provide an alternative form of public transport rather than buses and jeepneys
due to the narrow capacity of the area. The terminal is fixed with separate
lines for the pedicabs and habal-habal.

● Bank protection

Water is essential to sustain life, but it can also be a threat to

unprotected earthen embankments. Bank protection can serve a variety of
purposes. First, training of rivers, streams, and creeks. Second, protection of
valuable adjacent urban and agricultural land properties. Third, providing
water transportation facilities. The use of various concrete and cement-based
materials to protect these embankments reduces the ability of water to erode
the banks and improves their lifespan (Bank Protection, n.d.).

River bank stabilization can be accomplished in two ways. First,

increasing the bank's strength by creating riprap and retaining walls,
bioengineering and vegetation. Second, reducing the hydrodynamic force by
flow control structures (Garanaik & Sholtes, 2013).

● Bridge

A bridge is a structure that spans horizontally across two or more

supports that can carry the weight of the entire structure and its superimposed
loads. It is commonly built over a physical or natural obstacle, such as a body
of water, which would otherwise be highly difficult or outright impossible to
traverse through, while still allowing for passage beneath the structure itself.
Unlike some other structures, a bridge has strict engineering requirements,
namely maximum durability for minimal maintenance while being situated in
 an aggressive and variable outdoor environment. It is key that the bridge is
designed to resist several kinds of loads, forces, and moments that are much
greater than what it would regularly experience to account for times of
uncertainty, such as natural or manmade disasters. Thus, like in other
structures, it is common practice to factor up loads and moments and while
factoring down the capacities of the bridge.

Bridges can be designed and constructed in several ways using

different materials, allowing bridges to serve specific needs and purposes
across a variety of applications. A bridge can be classified by how different
forces, such as tension, compression, shear, and torsion, are distributed across
its structure. These include beam bridges, truss bridges, cantilever bridges and
arch bridges, among other types. Furthermore, a bridge can be identified
through what it is specifically designed to carry, such as pedestrian bridges,
aqueducts, road-rail bridges, and overways. Different types of bridge are
constructed using specific materials, most commonly being structural steel,
prestressed concrete, stone, brick, and timber.

● Creek
● Roads

2.4 Scaled Models

The physical representation that is larger or smaller than the original object is referred
to as a scale model. These models are proportional and scaled in such a way that the
components of the object are at a similar ratio. It is often used as a guide to create the object
to its desired size. Also, the benefit of having a scale model is to investigate the object
without modifying or destroying the components of the actual object.

Scale models are important in the field of architecture, engineering, and

manufacturing. It is used to create and design aircraft, automobiles, buildings, machines, and
other products that people utilize every day. To create a scale model, the details and
properties should be accurate to the original object. The interior and exterior components are
both considered in creating a scale model. Furthermore, it is required to intricately plan a
scaled model to maximize the accuracy and to avoid the misrepresentation of the original
object.
 CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

3.1 Surveying

3.2 Analysis of the Study Area

3.3 Architectural Planning and Designs

3.4 Theoretical Design of Structures

3.5 Rough Cost Estimate

 CHAPTER 4

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

4.1 Proposed Structures

 CHAPTER 5

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Conclusion

5.2 Recommendations
 References

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Hull, A. (1998). Spatial planning: The development plan as a vehicle to unlock development
potential?. Cities, 15(5), 327-335.

Tyler, Norman, Robert M. Ward (2011). Planning and community development A guide for
the 21st century. Norton & Co.

Chand, R. (2020). Site Plans-Purpose, Types, Requirements. Site Plans-Purpose, Types,

Requirements (prodyogi.com)

Mishra, G. (2020). CONSTRUCTION SITE PLANNING - The Constructor.

© 2022 SandSpice. Habal-Habal – Filipino Motorcycle Taxis.

Banfi, S., Farsi, M., Filippini, M., & Jakob, M. (2008). Willingness to pay for energy-saving
measures in residential buildings. Energy economics, 30(2), 503-516.