EE206: Electromechanics Lab

Lab Report
Experiment 10: Synchronization of a synchronous machine to
the mains and study the effect of field current on power factor.
Operation of synchronous machine as synchronous motor.

Course Instructors:-
Dr. Saifullah Payami and Dr. A. V. Ravi Teja
Department of Electrical Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology, Ropar

Submitted By:-
Rahul Chaudhary - 2020EEB1195
Dinesh - 2020EEB1166
Ravish Badgujar - 2020EEB1196
Prashant Hansda - 2020EEB1192
.

Date- April 11,2022

Report content…….
1. Objective of the experiment
2. Circuit diagram
3. Equipment
4. Observations
5. Calculations
6. Precautions
7. Conclusion
1. Objective of the experiment
To synchronize a three-phase alternator with another alternator by using the three-lamp method.
To operate the synchronous generator as a synchronous motor.

2. Circuit diagram

Main circuit diagram

3. Equipment needed (quantity and ratings)

Name plate details of 3 phase alternator and DC motor

Name of the Range Quantity

Equipment
KVA = 3,
3 Phase Alternator 01
Volt = 415V,
Amps = 4.1,
RPM = 1500,
Field Amps = 1.2
Type = Shunt
Dc Motor 01
KW = 2, RPM = 1500,
ARM = 220V,ARM = 9A,
Field = 220V, Field = 0.7A
4. Observations

❖ DC Motor - Synch. Alternator

Power
Ia (A) Voltage (V) If (A) Ig (A) Remarks
factor
0.6 1.69 0.46 Lead
0.7 1.19 0.71 Lead
4 229 0.82 0.82 1 Unity
0.9 0.97 0.82 Lag
1 1.41 0.6 Lag
0.6 1.93 0.55 Lead
0.7 1.49 0.75 Lead
5.3 230 0.85 1.19 1 Unity
0.9 1.2 0.98 Lag
1 1.51 0.78 Lag

Ig vs If for Sync Alternator

2.5

1.5
IG

0.5

0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2

IF

Ia = 5.3

Ia = 4
 Power factor vs If
1.2

0.8
PF

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
IF
Ia = 4 Ia = 5.3

❖ DC Motor - Synch. Motor

Power
Ia (A) Voltage (V) If (A) Ig (A) Remarks
factor
0.6 1.57 0.75 Lag
0.7 1.21 0.95 Lag
1.8 220 0.76 1.16 1 Unity
0.9 1.45 0.79 Lead
1 1.92 0.6 Lead
0.6 2.05 0.85 Lag
0.7 1.75 0.97 Lag
3.6 220 0.76 1.71 1 Unity
0.9 1.91 0.89 Lead
1 2.27 0.76 Lead
 Ig vs If for Sync Motor
2.5

1.5
IG

0.5

0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
IF

Ia = 1.8 Ia = 3.6

Power factor vs If
1.2

0.8

0.6
IG

0.4

0.2

0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
IF

Ia = 1.8 Ia = 3.6
5. Precautions

● Power should be turned on when the circuit is checked completely.

● Connecting leads should be perfectly insulated.
● The VARIAC is kept at a minimum position.
● All the readings should be taken without any errors.

6. Conclusion

● The characteristics obtained were consistent with the theory studied.

● Plotted 𝐼𝑎𝑣𝑠 𝐼𝑓 for synchronous alternator and motor observed ‘V’ shape characteristics.

● Plotted P𝑓 𝑣𝑠 𝐼𝑓 for synchronous alternator and motor observed inverted ‘V’ shape characteristics.