EE206: Electromechanics Lab

Lab Report
Experiment 7: Speed control of a 3-phase induction
motor using variable frequency drive. Torque-Speed
characteristics under constant and variable torque
loads with fixed V/f

Course Instructors: -
Dr. Saifullah Payami and Dr. A. V. Ravi Teja
Department of Electrical Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology, Ropar

Submitted By: - (Group 3)

Dinesh 2020EEB1166
Rahul Chaudhary 2020EEB1195
Ravish Badgujar 2020EEB1196
Prashant Hansda 2020EEB1192
Date: 22 March, 2022
1. Objective of the experiment:
● Calculation of friction and windage losses using variable frequency
drive at no load.
● Torque speed characteristics (with constant value of V/f ratio & V,f
variable) under constant torque load.
● Torque speed characteristics (with constant value of V/f ratio & V, f
also fixed) under variable torque load.

2. Calculations:
No Load Test
280
y = 0.0013x2 – 0.1706x + 77.92
260

240

220
Power (W)

200

180

160

140

120

100
250 270 290 310 330 350 370 390 410 430
Voltage (V)

Fig-2.1: Power vs Voltage with 2nd order polynomial approximation

Using the trendline in the above graph (red line):

By comparing the constant part, we get

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3. Circuit diagram:

Fig-3.1: circuit diagram

4. Equipment needed (quantity and ratings):

Name plate details of 3 - phase Induction Motor & DC Generator

Name of the Range Quantity

Equipment

Three Phase AC Motor KW/HP = 3.70/5 01

Volt = 415V±10%
Amps = 7.39
RPM = 1430

Dc Generator Type = Shunt 01

KW =3
RPM = 1500
ARM = 220V, ARM = 13.6A
Field = 220V, Field = 2A

Three Phase VFD KW = 11 01

Input V = 230-400V
Input I = 30.3A
Output V = 0 - 480V
Freq = 0 - 50Hz
Current = 24.8A
Table-4.1: Transformer name plates

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5. Observations:

NO LOAD TEST:

SR
NO
VOLTAGE (V) W1 (W) W2 (W) Iin(A) P N

1 415 168 88 0.52 256 1500

2 400 168 80 0.51 248 1500

3 390 168 76 0.51 244 1500

4 380 168 68 0.5 236 1500

5 370 156 64 0.54 220 1500

6 360 156 60 0.5 216 1500

7 350 144 56 0.54 200 1500

8 340 128 60 0.52 188 1500

9 320 116 60 0.5 176 1500

10 300 104 60 0.49 164 1500

11 290 104 60 0.49 164 1500

12 280 92 60 0.49 152 1500

Table-5.1: No load test readings

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 Speed vs Input Voltage for No Load Test
1600
1400
1200
Speed (rpm)

1000
800
600
400
200
0
250 300 350 400 450
Input Voltage (V)

Fig-5.1: Speed vs Input voltage characteristics

CONSTANT TORQUE LOAD:

WAT
TME
TER
Vin Iin Ifg Vag N Output Torque
(W)
SR NO (V) f (Hz) (A) (A) (V) (rpm) power w (Nm)

1 415 50 880 1.7 0.7 195 1499 1013.25 156.9749129 6.454851

2 400 48.19 936 1.9 0.94 188 1443 976.8767 151.1106066 6.464647

3 380 45.78 960 2.1 1.16 190 1369 987.269 143.3613448 6.886577

4 360 43.37 960 2.1 1.36 187 1296 971.6805 135.7168026 7.159618

5 340 40.96 976 2.15 1.6 184 1222 956.092 127.9675408 7.471364

6 320 38.55 992 2.15 1.92 181 1149 940.5036 120.3229986 7.816491

Table-5.2: constant torque load readings

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 Torque vs Speed for Constant Torque Load
9
8
7
6
Toruq (Nm)

5
4
3
2
1
0
1050 1150 1250 1350 1450 1550
Speed (rpm)

Fig-5.2: Torque vs Speed characteristics

Speed vs Input Voltage for Constant Torque Load

1600
1500
1400
Speed (rpm)

1300
1200
1100
1000
900
800
250 300 350 400 450
Input Voltage (V)

Fig-5.3: Speed vs Input voltage characteristics

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VARIABLE TORQUE LOAD:

WAT
TME
SR TER Iin Ifg Iag Vag Output
NO (W) (A) (A) (A) (V) N (rpm) power w Torque

1 440 0.5 1.5 0.7 190 1265 230.3628 132.4704902 1.738974

2 520 0.6 1.5 1.1 187 1263 356.2829 132.2610507 2.693785

3 680 1 1.46 2.4 185 1261 769.0306 132.0516112 5.823712

4 840 1.5 1.46 3.2 183 1259 1014.289 131.8421717 7.693206

5 980 2 1.44 4 181 1256 1254.005 131.5280124 9.534127

6 1160 2.2 1.44 4.6 180 1254 1434.138 131.3185729 10.92106

7 1320 2.5 1.44 5.4 179 1252 1674.2 131.1091334 12.76952

8 1500 3.1 1.44 6.1 178 1249 1880.661 130.7949741 14.37869

9 1760 3.4 1.44 7.6 174 1245 2290.464 130.3760951 17.56813

10 2080 3.8 1.44 9 171 1240 2665.626 129.8524963 20.52811

Table-5.3: Variable torque load readings

Speed vs Torque for Vin = 350 V

1270

1260

1250
Speed (rpm)

1240

1230

1220

1210

1200
0 5 10 15 20 25
Torque (Nm)

Fig-5.4: Speed vs Torque characteristics

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 WATT

SR METE Iag Vag N Output

NO R (W) Iin (A) Ifg (A) (A) (V) (rpm) power w Torque

1 592 0.7 0.36 0.6 175 1502 181.8653 157.2890722 1.156249

2 800 1.7 0.36 1.35 175 1499 409.197 156.9749129 2.606767

3 1040 2.2 0.36 2.1 172 1496 625.6168 156.6607537 3.993449

4 1352 2.9 0.36 2.7 169 1493 790.3348 156.3465944 5.055018

5 1544 3.75 0.36 3.45 165 1490 985.9699 156.0324351 6.319006

6 1760 3.6 0.36 4.05 162 1487 1136.399 155.7182759 7.297785

7 2000 4 0.36 4.6 160 1484 1274.789 155.4041166 8.203061

8 2192 4.3 0.36 5.1 158 1482 1395.687 155.1946771 8.993134

9 2384 4.7 0.36 5.6 153 1479 1484.021 154.8805178 9.581716

Table-5.4: Fixed voltage and frequency readings

Speed vs Torque for Vin = 425 V

1520

1500

1480
Speed (rpm)

1460

1440

1420

1400
0 2 4 6 8 10
Torque (Nm)

Fig-5.5: Speed vs Torque characteristics

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6. Precautions:

● The power should be turned on when the circuit is checked completely.

● Connecting leads should be perfectly insulated.
● In no load test use LPF wattmeter.
● Make sure to perform no load test at rated voltage.
● The VARIAC is kept at a minimum position.

7. Conclusions:
● Using no load test data Power vs Voltage graph was plotted and using the
trend of the graph and the 2nd order polynomial fit, friction and windage
losses were calculated.
● We plotted graphs for speed vs input voltage and speed vs torque for different
conditions.
● All the graphs were corresponding to what we learnt in theory.