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CHAPTER 16

16.1 Given: Load = 800 w, PF = 0.8, e = 85%.


Edc = 48 V, Back-up time = 30 min.
(i) KVA rating of inverter
Active Power
PF =
Total Rms Power

800
0.8 =
Total Rms Power

\ Total rms power = 1000 VA


\ VA rating of inverter = 1 KVA
KVA rating ¥ UPF
(ii) Voltage of rectifier =
Efficiency

1 KVA ¥ 0.8
= = 1 kW
0.850
(iii) Battery kW rating = Voltage ¥ current
1 kW = 48 ¥ Idc
\ Idc = 20.83 A.
A-H rating = 20.83 ¥ 1/2 = 10.5 AH.
16.2
Load KVA ¥ PF
(i) Battery (kW) =
Efficiency
50 ¥ 0.8
= = 44.44 kW.
0.90
\ Battery needs to supply 44.44 kW power.
Minimum allowable voltage battery
(ii) No. of cells =
Final voltage per cell.

210
= = 120.
1.75
No. of cells 120
(iii) No. of jars = = = 120
No. of cells per jar 6
94 Power Electronics

44.44
(iv) Cell size (kW) = = 120.
120
= 0.370 kW.
Two 75-AH cell battery is selected which has 0.426 kW discharge rate at 15 min back-up time
which is greater than required 0.370 KW.
16.3 E0 = 80 V, Es = 110 V, f = 16 kHz.
(i) E0 = Es d /1 - d
d 80
\ = = 0.73 \ d = 0.42
(1 - d ) 110
T = 1 = 62.5 usec
f

120
\ P0 = E0 . I0 \ I0 = = 1.5 A.
80
For a single transistor flyback smps, the minimum value of the inductance is given by
T
Lmin = (Es . d)2.
2 P0

62.5 ¥ 10-6
= (110 ¥ 0.42)2 ◊
2 ¥ 120
= 0.559 mH.
16.4 We have d = 25 cm = 0.25 cm N = 20 turns
I = 200 A F = 450 ¥ 103 Hz.
r = 6.8 ¥ 10–8 W - m.
Depth of heating is given by

r 604 ¥ 10-8
d = 503 ◊ = 503 m.
ur. f 1 ¥ 450 ¥ 103

assuming mr = 1 \ d = 190 ¥ 10–6 meters


d = 0.19 mm.
Now, heat per unit area of the surface is given by H = pa = 2p
2
Ê NI ˆ . r . mr ◊ F
ÁË ˜¯
l 107
2
Ê 20 ¥ 200 ˆ . -
= 2p Ë
(6.8 ¥ 10-8 ) ¥ 1 ¥ 450 ¥ 103
0.25 ¯ 107
= 6.28 ¥ 256 ¥ 106 ¥ (55.31 ¥ 10–6)
= 88.92 kW/m2
16.5 Area A = (20 ¥ 15) cm2 = 300 cm2 = 0.0300 m2
b = distance between electrodes = 1 cm = 0.01 m.
Solution Manual 95

Er = 3, cosq = 0.4, f = 20 ¥ 106 Hz.


V = 750 V.

Œ0 . Œr A 8.854 ¥ 10-12 ¥ 3 ¥ 0.0300


C = = = 79.69 ¥ 10–12 F.
b 0.01
cos q = 0.4 \ q = 66.42, d = 900 – 66.42 = 23.58 \ tan d = 0.44
Also, P = 2p f.c. V 2 tan d
= 2p ¥ 20 ¥ 106 ¥ 79.69 ¥ 10–12 ¥ 750 ¥ 750 ¥ 0.44
= 2478.5 Watts.

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