Phase Controlled Rectifier

Contd….

Dr. Bishnu Prasad Muni

Vasavi College of Engineering, Hyderabad
Single Phase Full Controlled Rectifier with resistive-inductive load in series with d.c. source (R-L-E)

When the current is continuous, the output voltage and

current waveforms are similar to the case of inductive
load with large L/R ratio. This means that E has no effect
on the waveforms as long as the current remains
continous.
This is a first order differential equation. The solution of this equation has three parts:
1- Steady-state solution due to source voltage.

Steady state solution due to source voltage:

Steady-state solution due to d.c. voltage E :

Transient Solution :

Complete Solution :
For continuous current case, the constant A can be found from initial conditions: i(ωt = α) = i(0),
 Once i(0), value is known, average current can be found by the following expression.

For discontinuous current case, the average value of the current Iav can be found for the interval α ≤ ωt ≤ β as:

Where,
 SINGLE-PHASE HALF-CONTROLLED ( SEMICONVERTER) RECTIFIER

This configuration consists of a combination of thyristors

and diodes to reduce cost of the full-wave fully-controlled
rectifier.

With resistive load, the converter operates in the same

manner as fully controlled one.

However, with resistive-inductive load the converter can

operates in continuous or discontinuous modes depend on
the L/R ratio.

In continuous current mode, freewheeling diode must be

used to eliminate any negative voltage occurrence at the
load terminals.

The diode FWD is always activated (forward biased)

whenever the load voltage tends to be negative.
The average value of the load voltage Vdc in case of R-L
load can be calculated as follows:

Idc is calculated as:

The rms value of the load voltage Vorms can be calculated as follows:
Question (Single phase Bridge Rectifier) - 1

A fully-controlled single-phase bridge rectifier is supplied from a 50Hz, 230/100V transformer .The rectifier
supplying a highly inductive load of 10 resistor. For a firing angle of 45º, determine the rectified voltage, the
rectified current and the power factor.

Solution: For highly inductive load, the average output voltage Vdc is calculated by using the following
equations:
Question (Single phase Bridge Rectifier) – 2

A full-wave, fully-controlled bridge rectifier is fed from 230 V, 50 Hz, single-phase supply. The rectifier is used to
charge a 48 V d.c. battery bank through R-L circuit of R = 0.48 and L= 0.79 mH. The firing angle is maintained at
41˚. Find the required average charging current.

Solutions: To find the average charging current using the following equations:
Question (Single phase half Wave Rectifier) – 1

A single-phase half-wave controlled rectifier shown in Fig.3.2 supplied from 230V a.c. supply is
operating at α = 60º. If the load resistor is 10 , determine:

(a) The power absorbed by the load (Pdc).

(b) The power drawn from the supply (Pac).
(c) The power factor at the a.c. source.

The d.c. power absorbed by the load (Pdc) :

The power drawn from the supply Pac :

The power factor at the a.c. source

Question (Single phase Bridge Rectifier) – 3
The firing angle of the circuit shown is kept constant to produce an average output voltage of 54 V d.c. and
steady load current of 3.6 A. The load has a fixed resistance and infinite inductance. The primary voltage Vp =
240 V rms and the transformer has 2:1 voltage ratio.

(a) Find the triggering angle α and the load resistance R.

(b) Assume a FWD diode is connected across the load. Find the load current.
(c) If one thyristor is damaged (open-circuited), find the new load current.

Solution:
(a)For highly inductive load the d.c. voltage is given by the following equation:

Where, a is transformer voltage ratio

(b) When a freewheel diode is connected across the load, the output voltage waveform will be as shown in
following figure and its average value is given by:
(c) If one thyristor is damaged, the circuit becomes single-phase, half-wave rectifier.