MATHEMATICS 6 QUARTER 3 Week 2

Competency:

 Formulate the rule in finding the nth term using different strategies (looking for
a pattern, guessing and checking, working backwards) e.g. 4,7,13,16, …n (the
nth term is 3n+1) M6AL-IIId-7
 Differentiate expression from equation (K to 12 CG Code: M6AL-IIId-15)

Expectation
s

This module is designed to help you master the following skills:

1. Define a sequence and the term.
2. Formulate the rule in finding the nth term of a sequence
3. Define an expression and an equation
4. Differentiate an expression from an equation

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. List the next few terms of a sequence given several consecutive terms
2. Derive by pattern searching (i.e. a mathematical expression (rule) for
generating the sequences)
3. Generate the next few terms of sequences defined recursively
4. Describe an arithmetic sequence by any of the following:
a. Giving the first few terms
b. Giving the formula for the nth term
5. Apply the knowledge of sequence in real life situations
6. Give the meaning of expression and equation
7. Distinguish between an expression and an equation

Pre-test
Direction: Read each problem carefully, and write the letter of the correct answer on
your answer sheet.

1. Complete the pattern 3, 8, 13, ___, 23, 28, _____.

a. 18 and 33 b. 18 and 32 c. 14 and 29 d. 20 and 30

2. What are the missing numbers in the sequence 3, 6, 9, 12, ___, 18, ___?
a. 13 and 20 b. 15 and 21 c. 16 and 22 d. 19 and 21

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 3. Given the sequence 8, 5, 2, -1, … at what term will the number become -25?
a. 11th term b. 10th term c. 12th term d. 20th term

4. What is the sum of the first 5 even numbers?

a. 30 b. 20 c. 10 d. 50

5. Every month Vince saved part of his allowance. Php50 in June, Php100 in
July, Php150 in August and so on until December. In which month did he save
Php300?
a. September b. November c. March d. October

6. What is the rule in finding the nth term for the following sequence?
1, 3, 9, 27, …
a. Multiply the input by 3 to get the output
b. Add 3 to the input to get the output
c. Subtract 3 to the input to get the output
d. Double the input to get the output

7. Which of the following is an algebraic expression?

a. 3 + 5 b. n – 1 = 14 c. 3 + 5 = 8 d. x = 53

8. Which of the following is an equation?

a. The product of six and seven is equal to forty-two.
b. the product of six and seven
c. the difference of n and one
d. the quotient of x and y

9. Is the statement shown below an expression or an equation?

4x + 5 = 5x + 18
a. expression c. equation
b. both expression and equation d. algebraic expression

10. Viola gets a starting salary of Ph15 000.00 a month and an increase of
Php500.00 annually. What will be her salary during the fifth year?
a. Php17000 b. Php17500 c. Php16000 d. Php18000

Looking Back at your Lesson

From your previous lesson, you have learned about nets of solid figures.
A net is a closed plane figure that can be folded into closed 3-dimensional figure. It is
a pattern you can use to form solid figures
Exercise 1. For each shape, shade the correct net 1

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 You have also learned how to skip count numbers by 4, 5, 6, 7 and others.
Exercise 2. For the following sequences give the 7th term in each.
1. 5, 12, 19, 26, …. 4. 2, 10, 18, 26, ….
2. 2, 10, 50, 250, …. 5. 305, 296, 287,278, ….
3. 6, 21, 36, 51, ….

Introduction of the Topic

Lesson 1. Writing rules for Sequences

Exercise 1.1. Shape Pattern Prediction

Circle and color the shape that continues the pattern. 2

The Nth term of a sequence

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 A sequence is a set of numbers written in a special order by the application of a
special rule. Each number in a sequence is called a term. To look for some patterns
or rules will help us to continue a given sequence of numbers, figures, or to fill in the
missing numbers or symbols.
Example 1. By following a certain pattern, the following sequences show the
rules and the next three terms.

Nth term Next three

Sequence Rule
rule terms
a. 3, 6, 9, 12, Every term after the first is
… obtained by adding 3 to the
number preceding it.
(0 + 3), (3 + 3), (6 + 3), (9 + 3),
… 3n 15, 18, 21
(3 X 1), (3 X 2), (3 X 3),

b. 1, 4, 9, 16, Multiply the counting

… numbers by itself or squaring
counting numbers
(1 x 1), (2 x 2), (3 x 3), N2 25, 36, 49

Example 2. For each sequence, look for a pattern and then write the next
three terms.

Sequence Next three terms

a. y, y2, y3, y4, … y5, y6, y7
b. a, 2b, 3c, 4d, … 5e, 6f, 7g
c. a, a + b, a + 2b, … a +3b, a + 4b, a + 5b
d.7a, 5a, 3a, … a, -a, -3a

Example 3. Consider this sequence… 4, 10, 16, 22, 28

a. Write down the next two terms of the sequence.
b. Write down an expression for the nth term of this sequence.
c. Find the 50th term of the sequence.
ANSWERS
a. Looking at the sequence, we can see that each term is 6 larger than the
previous term. We can say the term-to-term rule is “add 6”. Therefore, the next
two terms are 34 and 40.
b. The nth term of a sequence is always written in the form “? n +?”. The number
in front of the “n” is always the difference to get from one term to the next.
Since the difference is 6, the first part of the rule will be “6n”. The rule follows
the six times table: 6, 12, 18, 24, … etc.
Now compare the 6 times table with our rule:

6 X table 6 12 18 24 30
Sequenc
4 10 16 22 28
e

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 The numbers in the sequence are always 2 less than the 6 times table so we
“adjust” our rule by subtracting 2. Now putting this together gives us: nth term
= 6n – 2.
c. Now we know the nth term = 6n – 2 we just need to substitute n = 50 to find
the 50th term of the sequence.
So: The 50th term = 6 X 50 – 2 = 300 – 2 = 298

Lesson 2. Differentiating an Expression from Equation

Identifying an Expression from an Equation

What is the difference in English between a phrase and a sentence? A phrase

expresses a single thought that is incomplete by itself, but a sentence makes a
complete statement. “Running very fast” is a phrase, but “The football player was
running very fast” is a sentence. A sentence has a subject and a verb.

In algebra, we have expressions and equations. An expression is like a phrase. Here

are some examples of expressions and how they relate to word phrases:

Expression Words Phrase

3+5 3 plus 5 the sum of three and five
n-1 n minus one the difference of n and one
6X7 6 times 7 the product of 6 and 7
x÷y x divided by y the quotient of x and y

Notice that the phrases do not form a complete sentence because the phrase does not
have a verb. An equation is two expressions linked with an equal sign. Here are some
examples of equations:

Equation Sentence
3+5=8 The sum of three and five is equal to
eight.
n – 1 = 14 N minus one equals fourteen.
6 X 7 = 42 The product of six and seven is equal to
forty-two
X = 53 X is equal to 53
Y + 9 = 2y - 3 Y plus nine is equal to three subtracted
from the product of two and y

An expression is a number, a variable, or a combination of numbers and variables

and operation symbols.

An equation is made up of two expressions connected by an equal sign.

Activities

Activity 1. Find me

Find the next three terms in each sequence. Then write the rule for finding the nth

term.

1. 10, 15, 20, 25, ____, ___, ___ 2. 20, 16, 12, 8, ___, ___, ___

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Rule: ________________________ Rule: ______________________

3. 3, 5, 7, 9, ___, ___, ___ 4. 2, 5, 8, 11, ___, ___, ___

Rule: ________________________ Rule: ______________________

5. , , , , ___, ___, ___ 6. -2, -4, -6, ___, ___, ___

Rule: ________________________ Rule: ______________________

Activity 2. Look for me

Solve each problem.

1. Complete the pattern: 7, 12, 22, ____, 57, 82, ____.

2. What is the sum of the first 10 odd numbers?

3. What are the missing numbers in the sequence 6, 11, 9, 14, ___, 17, ___?

4. In a mini theater, the first row has 8 seats, the second row has 10, and the third

row has 12. If there are 20 rows in the theater, which row has 38 seats? How many

seats are there in all?

5. A pile of blocks has 40 blocks in the bottom row, 36 blocks in the second row, 32

blocks on the third row and so on until there are only 4 blocks on the top row. How

many blocks are there in the 7th row? How many blocks are there in all?

Activity 3. Identify me

Determine if each is an expression or an equation. Write your answer on the blank.

_____________1. 16 – 6 =10

_____________2. 4 X 2 + 1

_____________ 3. x ÷ 25

_____________ 4. y + 8= 40y

_____________ 5. five more than x

______________6. nine less than w

______________7. A number increased by 4 is twelve.

______________8. Thirty is equal to twice a number decreased by four.

______________9. thrice r

_____________10. seven multiplied to the sum of twelve and four

Remember

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How do we find the nth term of a sequence?

To find the next few terms in the sequence, you first need to find the common
difference, the constant amount of change between numbers in the sequence. Once
you know the common difference, you can use it to find those next terms by writing
the rule.
You can also do it by finding a pattern, guess and check and working backwards.
How can we distinguish between an expression and an equation?
Key Differences Between Expression and Equation
The points given below summarize important differences between an expression and an
equation.

EXPRESSION EQUATION
1. A mathematical phrase that groups 1. A mathematical statement with two
together numbers, variables, and expressions set equal.
operations, to show the value of something
2. A sentence fragment that stands for a 2. A sentence showing equality between two
single numerical value. expressions.

3. The expression is simplified, through 3. An equation is solved.

evaluation where we substitute values in
place of variables.
4. There is no relation symbol in an 4. An equation is indicated by an equal sign
expression. (=).

5. An expression is one-sided, there is no 5. An equation is two sided, where an equal

demarcation like left or right side. sign separates the left and right sides.

Check your Understanding

A. Supply the next three letters, figures, symbols or combination of numbers and
letters in the following patterns.
1. 80, 75, 70, 65, _____, _____, _____ 2. 99, -88, 77 -66, ___, ___, ___
3. 3q, 4r, 5s, 6t, ____, ____, _____ 4. 2abc, 4def, 6ghi, 8jkl, ___, __, ____
5. -16, 8, -4, 2, ____, ____, ____

Give the nth term rule.

6. 7, 9, 11, 13 7. 2, 3, 4, 5
Rule: _________________ Rule: ____________________________

B. Identify if it is an expression or an equation. Write your answer on the blank.

_______________8. 5x – 13 = 12
_______________9. 4(m + n)
_______________10. 3n – 5
_______________11. xy – 2 = 10

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 _______________12. the product of x and y
_______________13. Ten is three more than seven.
_______________14. The product of 5 and 2 is 10.
_______________15. Eleven less than a number is 9.

Post-test

Direction: Read each problem carefully. In circle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Complete the pattern 3, 8, 13, ___, 23, 28, _____.

a. 18 and 33 b. 18 and 32 c. 14 and 29 d. 20 and 30

2. What are the missing number in the sequence 3, 6, 9, 12, ___, 18, ___?
a. 13 and 20 b. 15 and 21 c. 16 and 22 d. 19 and 21

3. Given the sequence 8, 5, 2, -1, … at what term will the number become -25?
a. 11th term b. 10th term c. 12th term d. 20th term

4. What is the sum of the first 5 even numbers?

a. 30 b. 20 c. 10 d. 50

5. Every month Vince saved part of his allowance. Php50 in June, Php100 in
July, Php150 in August and so on until December. In which month did he
save Php300?
a. September b. November c. March d. October

6. What is the rule in finding the nth term for the following sequence?
1, 3, 9, 27, …
a. Multiply the input by 3 to get the output
b. Add 3 to the input to get the output
c. Subtract 3 to the input to get the output
d. Double the input to get the output

7. Which of the following is an algebraic expression?

a. 3 + 5 b. n – 1 = 14 c. 3 + 5 = 8 d. x = 53

8. Which of the following is an equation?

a. the product of six and seven is equal to forty-two.
b. the product of six and seven
c. the difference of n and one
d. the quotient of x and y

9. Is the statement shown below an expression or an equation?

4x + 5 = 5x + 18
a. expression
b. equation
c. both expression and equation
d. algebraic expression

10. Viola gets a starting salary of Ph15 000.00 a month and an increase of
Php500.00 annually. What will be her salary during the fifth year?
a.Php17000

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 b. Php17500
c. Php16000
d. Php18000

MATHEMATICS 6
Quarter 3 Week 2 ANSWER SHEET
Name: Math Teacher:
Section: Score:

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