MATHEMATICS 6

Quarter 3 Week 3

Algebraic
Expression/Equation
ROY S.
Lesson 1
Translating Real-Life Verbal
Expressions and Equations into
Letters or Symbols and Vice
Versa.
 An Algebraic expression, or simply an
expression, is any meaningful combination of
numbers, variables, and operation symbols, while
an equation is a Mathematical sentence with an
equal sign (=) which shows that two expressions on
either side are equal. An important part of Algebra
involves translating word phrases into Algebraic
expressions.
To write an algebraic expression. You need to:

➢ identify the unknown quantity and write a short

phrase to describe it.

➢ choose a variable to represent the unknown

quantity.

➢ use mathematical symbols to represent the

relationship.
 Direction: Write the word expression, if the group of
words is an expression and write the word equation if
the group of words represents an equation. Do this on
a sheet of paper.
____________1. A number increased by four is twelve.
____________2. Thirty is equal to twice a number
decreased by four
____________3. Thirty taken from five times K.
____________4. Five times a number is fifty.
____________5. Seven multiplied by the sum of twelve
and four.
ANSWER
 Direction: Write the word expression, if the group of
words is an expression and write the word equation if
the group of words represents an equation. Do this on
a sheet of paper.
equation
____________1. A number increased by four is twelve.
equation
____________2. Thirty is equal to twice a number
decreased by four
expression
____________3. Thirty taken from five times K.
equation
____________4. Five times a number is fifty.
expression
____________5. Seven multiplied by the sum of twelve
and four.
Mary and Ramon lost their jobs due to the pandemic, so
they thought of making a facemask to make a living. Mary
sews twice as what Ramon sews and the total facemask,
they sew is 120 in one day. How many facemasks does
Mary sew? How many facemasks does Ramon sew?
 To find the answer to the problem, you need to translate
the word phrase into Mathematical expression or equation.

Let us use variables to represent the number of facemasks.

Since the total number of facemasks, they sew in a day is given,
represent the number of facemasks each sews.

Let x be the number of facemask Ramon sew

2x be the number of facemask Mary sew, since she sews twice as

Ramon sew

So, x + 2x = 120 this is the equation.

 To translate word phrases into Algebraic expressions, the
important thing to do is to familiarize the words and phrases
associated with symbols or operations.
Mathematical
Symbols Words/Phrases
Operations/Symbols
increased by, more than, the sum of, plus,
Addition + added to, the total of,
minus, less, less than, the difference of,
Subtraction - decreased by, diminished by, subtracted
from, taken away from
times, of, the product of, twice, multiplied
Multiplication x by,
Division ÷ divided by, the quotient of, the ratio of
Equal = is, equals, is the same as, is equal to
Some examples of word phrases and its Algebraic expressions:

Algebraic
Word Phrase
expressions
m plus 5
the sum of m and 5
m increased by 5 m+5
5 more than m
n minus 12
the difference of n and 12
n decreased by 12
n diminished by 12 n - 12
12 less than n
12 subtracted from n
 Algebraic
Word Phrase
expressions
2 times y
Twice of y
y multiplied by 2 2y
The double of y
The product of 2 and y
x divided 4
one-fourth of x
x÷4
the quotient of x and 4
the ratio of x to 4
Translate into Algebraic expressions or equations

1. twice a number added to ten Let x be a number. We have:

Algebraic expression:
2x + 10 10 + 2x

2. A number decreased by five Let n be a number. We have:

Algebraic expression:
n - 5 n - 5
Translate into Algebraic expressions or equations

3. The quotient of fifteen and five subtracted from the product of

÷ 15 5 - x

fifteen and five Algebraic expression:

15 5 (15 x 5) - (15 ÷ 5)
4. Fifty is equal to thrice a number decreased by ten.
Let y be a number.

Fifty is equal to thrice a number decreased by ten.

50 = 3y - 10

Algebraic expression:
50 = 3y - 10 3y - 10 = 50
5. Five times a number is added to eight, the result is sixty-three

Let a be a number. We have:

Five times a number is added to eight, the result is sixty-three

5 x a + 8 = 64

Algebraic expression:
5a + 8 = 64
I. Direction: Match the phrases in column A with their equivalent Algebraic
expressions in column B. Write the letter of your answers on a sheet of paper.
A B
_____1. thrice the sum of a number a. 3n + 6 = 15
and eight
_____2. A number diminished by eleven b. 20 + 2x
_____3. increase the product of a c. 3(k+8)
number and 4 by 5 is equal to
twenty-five
_____4. Three times a number increased d. 4m + 5 = 25
by six is fifteen
_____5. twenty plus twice a number e. y – 11
ANSWER
I. Direction: Match the phrases in column A with their equivalent Algebraic
expressions in column B. Write the letter of your answers on a sheet of paper.
A B
c
_____1. thrice the sum of a number a. 3n + 6 = 15
and eight
e
_____2. A number diminished by eleven b. 20 + 2x
d
_____3. increase the product of a c. 3(k+8)
number and 4 by 5 is equal to
twenty-five
a
_____4. Three times a number increased d. 4m + 5 = 25
by six is fifteen
b
_____5. twenty plus twice a number e. y – 11
II. Direction: Copy the table below on a sheet of paper and write the
corresponding word phrases for each Algebraic expression and equation.

Algebraic
No. Verbal Phrase/Sentence
Expression/Equation
1 4n ÷ 5
2 b - 3 = 13
3 (m + 39) ÷ 7
4 90 ÷ n = 15
5 2n - 32
ANSWER
II. Direction: Copy the table below on a sheet of paper and write the
corresponding word phrases for each Algebraic expression and equation.

Algebraic
No. Verbal Phrase/Sentence
Expression/Equation
1 4n ÷ 5 Four times a number divided by 5
2 b - 3 = 13 A number diminished by three is thirteen
3 (m + 39) ÷ 7 The sum of a number and thirty- nine divided by seven.
4 90 ÷ n = 15 The quotient of ninety and a number is fifteen
5 2n - 32 Twice a number decreased by thirty-two
Direction: Choose the answer from the box below and write your answers
on a sheet of paper.

decreased less than operations/symbols

equation more than taken away from
equal sign multiplication the sum of
increased by numbers variables

1. An Algebraic expression, or simply an expression, is any

meaningful combination of __________, _____________,
and ____________________.

2. Mathematical sentence with an _______________ which

shows that two expressions on either side are equal is called
_________________________.
 decreased less than operations/symbols
equation more than taken away from
equal sign multiplication the sum of
increased by numbers variables

3. In Algebraic expressions or equations _______________,

___________ and ____________ means addition is the
operation.
4. In subtraction, _________________,
________________ and ______________ are the clue
words that tell subtraction is the operation.

5. In translation of word phrase, the key words " the product

of," clued you that ______________ will be used.
ANSWER
Direction: Choose the answer from the box below and write your answers
on a sheet of paper.

decreased less than operations/symbols

equation more than taken away from
equal sign multiplication the sum of
increased by numbers variables

1. An Algebraic expression, or simply an expression, is any

meaningful combination of __________,
numbers variables
_____________,
and ____________________.
operation/symbols

2. Mathematical sentence with an _______________

Equal sign which
shows that two expressions on either side are equal is called
_________________________.
equation
 decreased less than operations/symbols
equation more than taken away from
equal sign multiplication the sum of
increased by numbers variables

increased by
3. In Algebraic expressions or equations _______________,
more than
___________ the sum of
and ____________ means addition is the
operation.
decreased
4. In subtraction, _________________,
less than
________________ taken away from are the clue
and ______________
words that tell subtraction is the operation.

5. In translation of word phrase, the key words " the product

multiplication
of," clued you that ______________ will be used.
I. Direction: Let n be the unknown number. Translate each word
sentence into an Algebraic expression. Write your answers on a
sheet of paper.

1. The product of 2 and a number. ___________________

2. The difference of a number and 5. ___________________

3. Nine minus four times a number. ___________________

4. Ten more than a number ___________________

5. thirty-one less than a number ____________________

ANSWER
I. Direction: Let n be the unknown number. Translate each word
sentence into an Algebraic expression. Write your answers on a
sheet of paper.

2n
1. The product of 2 and a number. ___________________

n-5
2. The difference of a number and 5. ___________________

9 – 4n
3. Nine minus four times a number. ___________________

n + 10
4. Ten more than a number ___________________

n – 31
5. thirty-one less than a number ____________________
II. Direction: Write the following statements as equations.
Write your answers on a sheet of paper.

1. A number increased by 10 is equal to 23. Find the number.

____________________

2. Eighty-two decreased by a number is 24. Find the number.

____________________

3. What number increased by 29 is 34?

____________________
ANSWER
II. Direction: Write the following statements as equations.
Write your answers on a sheet of paper.

1. A number increased by 10 is equal to 23. Find the number.

n = 13
____________________
n + 10 = 23

2. Eighty-two decreased by a number is 24. Find the number.

82 - n = 24
____________________n = 58

3. What number increased by 29 is 34?

n + 29 = 34 n=5
____________________
Lesson 2
Defining a Variable in an
Algebraic Expression and
Equation
 In an Algebraic expression, any letter or symbol that
represents a number is called a variable. In this
expression, a number may replace a variable. A specific
number represents a constant.

A term is a number or variable, or a product or

quotient of a number and variables raised to a specified
power. The terms are separated by plus (+) or minus (-)
sign. It is not necessary to write the + sign at the
beginning of a term. The numerical factor of a term is
called coefficient.
 Terms

2x + 5
Coefficient
Variable Constant

In the above expression

➢ x is a variable whose value is unknown to us which can take
any value.
➢ 2 is known as the coefficient of x, as it is a constant value used with
the variable term and is well defined.
➢ 5 is the constant value term which has a definite value.

➢ 2 terms {2x, 5}
Direction: Write an expression for the following. Write your
answers on a sheet of paper.

1. your age less three ____________________

2. your age plus nine ____________________

3. your age plus twice your age _____________

4. thrice your age ______________________

5. your age 6 years from now ______________

ANSWER
Direction: Write an expression for the following. Write your
answers on a sheet of paper.

1. your age less three ____________________

n-3

n+9
2. your age plus nine ____________________

n + 2n
3. your age plus twice your age _____________

3n
4. thrice your age ______________________

n+6
5. your age 6 years from now ______________
A basket of fruits has atis and guava. The atis are 4 times the number
of guavas. There are 20 fruits in all. How many atis? How many
guavas are there?

Let x be the number of guava Let us study the expression:

4x be the number of atis ➢ terms 2, {x, 4x}
➢ variable x
➢ numerical coefficient 4
➢ constant term none
Translate the word phrase to expression/equation

Twenty less than five times eight

_
20 5 x 8
5 x 8 - 20
Algebraic expression: _________
20, 5, 8
➢ terms: ____________
none
➢ variable: ___________
none
➢ numerical coefficient: _________
20, 5, 8
➢ constant: ____________
Translate the word phrase to expression/equation

1. Four times the sum of three and w

4 x + 3 w
4 ( 3 + w)
Algebraic expression: _________
4, 3 ,w
➢ terms: ____________
w
➢ variable: ___________
none
➢ numerical coefficient: _________
4, 3
➢ constant: ____________
 Translate the word phrase to expression/equation

2. Twenty-four added to four times a number decreased by thirty-six

24 + 4x - 36
(4x + 24) - 36
Algebraic expression: _________
{4x + 24, 36}
➢ terms: ____________
x
➢ variable: ___________
4
➢ numerical coefficient: _________
24, 36
➢ constant: ____________
Translate the word phrase to expression/equation

2. n minus twenty divided by two times n

n - 20 ÷ 2 x n

(n - 20) ÷ (2n)
Algebraic expression: _________
n,20,2n
➢ terms: ____________
n
➢ variable: ___________
2
➢ numerical coefficient: _________
20
➢ constant: ____________
I. Direction: Copy the table on a sheet of paper and identify the
number of terms, variables and constant term used in the following
Algebraic expressions.

Algebraic Number of Constant

Variables
Expressions Terms Term
a) 2x + 10
b) 3x + 2y -5
c) 4s
d)
e) 51 – (x +5)
ANSWER
I. Direction: Copy the table on a sheet of paper and identify the
number of terms, variables and constant term used in the following
Algebraic expressions.

Algebraic Number of Constant

Variables
Expressions Terms Term
a) 2x + 10 2 x 10
b) 3x + 2y -5 3 x, y 5
c) 4s 1 s none
d) 2 m 8
e) 51 – (x +5) 3 x 51, 5
II. Direction: Copy the expressions below on a sheet of paper.
Encircle the variable/s and box the constant term
in each expression.

1. 20 + m

2. 12(x – y)

3. 3 x 2+ 3y

4. 15b – 2c + 7

5. 4x + y – 25
ANSWER
II. Direction: Copy the expressions below on a sheet of paper.
Encircle the variable/s and box the constant term
in each expression.

1. 20 + m

2. 12(x – y)

3. 3 x 2+ 3y

4. 15b – 2c + 7

5. 4x + y – 25