TYPES OF FIBERS, LENGTH TENSION RELATIONSHIP,
FORCE VELOCITY RELATIONSHIP (TRANSCRIPT)
SKELETAL MUSCLE TISSUE
 Move the bones of the skeleton
 Abundant in our body because these are
approximately 40% in our body
 Contains numerous myofibrils
- Actin and myosin filaments which are
large polymerized protein molecules
that aid in muscle contraction
 Sarcolemma: plasma membrane/cell membrane
of the muscle fiber
- Outer coat, thin layer of polysaccharide
material
- Composed of collagen fibrils
 Characteristics
- Striated
- Works voluntarily
- Can be consciously controlled by the
neurons that are included in the
somatic part of nervous system
- There are also skeletal muscles that are
controlled subconsciously
 Muscles that contract to
maintain the posture and
stabilize muscle positions
PROPERTIES OF MUSCULAR TISSUE
 Electrical Excitability
- the ability of the muscle to respond into
a stimulus by producing an action
potential
 Contractility
- the ability of the muscle to forcefully
contract in response to an action
potential
- when there’s contraction, the muscle
produces a certain tension/force by
pulling its attachment points, causing
shortening of the muscle or movement
once the force exerted is greater than
the resistance of the object
 Extensibility
- the ability of the muscle to
stretch/lengthen within the limits
without being damaged
- controlled by the help of the connective
tissues
 Elasticity
- the ability of the muscle to return to its
normal length and shape after
shortening/lengthening
STRUCTURE OF THE SKELETAL MUSCLE TISSUE
 Myocytes/muscle fibers
 Nerves, blood vessels, connective tissue
 Connective tissues help strengthen and
protect the muscle
 Three layers of connective tissue
 Epimysium
- located at the outermost part
because it encircles the
entire/outermost part of the
muscle
- mostly composed of dense
irregular connective tissue
 Perimysium
- encircles a bundle of muscle
fiber (fascicle)
- dense irregular connective
tissue
 Endomysium
- encircles an individual muscle
fiber
- mostly reticular fibers
MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY OF SKELETAL MUSCLE FIBER
 Important structures:
 Sarcolemma – plasma membrane of a
skeletal muscle
 Transverse Tubules – tiny invaginations
of the sarcolemma
 Sarcoplasm – cytoplasm of the skeletal
muscle fiber and it has glycogen which
would aid in the synthesis of ATP
 Sarcoplasmic Reticulum – fluid-filled
membranous sac which aids in
contraction by releasing calcium ions
 Myofibril – small structures composed
of actin and myosin filaments which are
helpful in contraction
 
Filaments – arranged in compartments (Tortora)
called sarcomere
 Slow Oxidative Fibers (Type I)
 Sarcomere – basic functional unit
 Fast Oxidative-Glycolytic Fibers (Type II A)
 Components of a Sarcomere
 Fast Glycolytic Fibers (Type II B)
 A-band
- denser structure composed of
thick filaments
- at the ends, overlap of the thick
and thin filaments are visible
 I-band
- composed of thin filaments
 Z disc
- can be found at the middle of
the I-band
 H zone
- narrow zone in the thick
filaments
 M line p. 320
- can be found at the middle of Slow Fast Fast
H-zone Oxidative Oxidative- Glycolyti
- formed by the supporting (SO) Fibers Glycolytic c (FG)
(FOG) Fibers
proteins that help in forming Fibers
the thick filaments STRUCTURAL
CHARACTERISTICS
Myoglobin content Large Large Small
amount amount amount
TYPES OF SKELETAL MUSCLE FIBERS Mitochondria Many Many Few
Capillaries Many Many Few
(Guyton) Color Red Red-pink White
(pale)
Fast Slow FUNCTIONAL
- Muscles that - Respond slowly CHARACTERISTICS
Capacity for High, by Intermediat Low, by
react rapidly but with
generating ATP and aerobic e, by both anaerobi
- Large fibers prolonged method used respiration aerobic c
- Extensive contraction respiration glycolysis
sarcoplasmic - Smaller fibers and
reticulum - Oxidative anaerobic
respiration
- Glycolytic - More extensive Rate of ATP
- Less extensive blood supply hydrolysis by myosin
blood supply - Greatly increased ATPase
- Fewer number of Contraction velocity
mitochondria mitochondria Fatigue resistance
- White (deficit in - Red (large Creating kinase
myoglobin) amount of Glycogen stores
myoglobin) Order of recruitment
Myoglobin – an iron containing protein that gives the Location where fibers
are abundant
muscle fiber a reddish appearance. Important (in slow
Primary functions of
muscle fibers) because it combines with oxygen and fibers
istarcit unlit needed, and it also speeds up the transport
of oxygen into mitochondria