SENIOR HIGH

WORKSHEET
SCHOOL
SHS2 Science 2021 – 2022

Biology – Protist Semester 2

Full Name: Jonas, Axel, Benny

Class / Number: SHS-2/3

Day / Date: 26/04/2022

Hay Infusion

Objectives
To propagate organism by hay infusion and observe the specimen with Biological
microscope.

Materials and Tools

1. Dried Hay
2. Pond Water
3. Erlenmeyer Flask/Beaker
4. Pipette
5. Cover slip
6. Object glass
7. Surgical gloves
8. Biological Microscope

Procedure:
1. Collect pond water and put it into small bottle.
2. Put some pond water in the erlenmeyer flask or beaker and add a mixture of tap water.
Place a lid loosely.
3. Place some hay in the Erlenmeyer flask/beaker.
4. Use your protective equipment (lab gown, googles, surgical gloves, facial mask) when
performing step 2 and 5.
 5. Allow the hay infusion to sit undisturbed for at least a week. It may become turbid or
cloudy and begin to emit a strong odor. These changes are signs of growth. After, the hay
infusion populations are ready for examination.
6. Take one drop of the water with a pipette and place on object class. Cover with a cover
slip.
7. Observe with a biological microscope.
8. Draw/Take a picture of the shapes of the Cyanobacteria that you find.

I. Drawings/Images of the protists. [10 marks]

II. Questions [17 marks]

1. Give three examples of protist, using their Latin names. [6 marks]

Volvox globator ( green alga )
Paramecium caudatum
Physarum polycephalum
2. What does protozoa do to humans? [3 marks]
Actually, protozoa have many positive impacts on the environment and humans.
However, protozoa can become dangerous when they enter the human body. Because
they can carry parasites that can damage tissues in the body, causing various diseases.
Protozoa that are harmful to humans as a cause of disease include:
Toxoplasma gondii, the cause of toxoplasmosis;
Plasmodium sp, the cause of malaria;
Trypanosoma gambiense and Trypanosoma rhodosiense, the cause of sleeping sickness;
Leishmania sp, the cause of Kalaazar disease;
Trichomonas vaginalis, the cause of diseases of the female genitalia;
 Entamoeba histolytica, the cause of dysentery.
3. What are the roles of protozoa in human life? [4 marks]
Protozoa play important roles in environmental food web dynamics. They graze on
bacteria thus regulating bacterial populations, they part-take in wastewater treatment
processes, they maintain fertility in soil by releasing nutrients when they digest bacteria.
They also useful in the treatment of sewage. Protozoa generally feed by engulfing and
digesting other organisms. As consumers, they have various roles in food chains and
webs.

4. What is detrimental to protozoans? [3 marks]

What is detrimental to protozoans are actually an unfavorable condition of the
surrounding environment of its habitat. What is worth mentioning is droughts. So to
protect these protozoans, in their life cycle, several protozoans can produce inactive form
of cells called a cyst. A cyst is covered by a polysaccharide capsule that helps
reproduction processes of protozoans. Once conditions are favorable again: food and
water are available, these cysts will break apart and new protozoa will be alive again.
5. Give the latin names of some protozoans that are detrimental to humans. [ 5 marks]
Protozoa that are detrimental to humans
are those that cause diseases, such as:
- Entamoeba histolytica, the cause of
dysentery.
- Trypanosoma brucei, the cause of African
sleeping sickness.
- Trypanosoma evansi, the cause of cattle
(e.g. cow, goat, horse) diseases.
- Trichomonas vaginalis, a human genital
tract parasite
- Balantidium coli, the cause of diarrhea.