Module 1

Module Overview

INTRODUCTION

In this Module

• Definition of Arts
• Nature of Arts
• Arts and Life
• Life themes in the New Millennium
• Functions of Arts

Art is a diverse range of human activities involving the creating of visual auditory or performing
artifacts (artworks), which express the creator’s imagination, conceptual ideas, or technical skill,
intended to be appreciated primarily for their beauty or emotional power.
Art is generally understood as any activity or product done by people with a communicative or
aesthetic purpose – something that expresses an idea, an emotion or, more generally, a world
view. It is a component of culture reflecting economic and social substrates in its design. The
purpose of art is self-expression. It is a way to show someone’s feelings and emotions. It can
make a political statement, a religious statement or even a whimsical statement. Art is very
personal and evokes different feelings in different people.

COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
This coarse deals with educational foundations of Art as these apply to teaching and learning in
the elementary grades. Various teaching strategies and assessment appropriate for each area shall
be given emphasis in the courses.
Guiding Philosophy in Art:
§ To tap the innate potential, nurtured, developed and fostered/ § Optimum
development of child’s creative ability.
§ Form of self -expression.

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COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES:
1. Demonstrate in depth understanding of the concept elements and principles of arts in
elementary grades.
2. Engage varied strategies in teaching arts in the elementary level.
3. Create assessment tools in assessing arts in the elementary level.

Objective of Art Education

Cognitive
• Show varied degrees of the ability to integrate • Gain understanding of the importance
observing thinking and expressing of art in everyday life

Psychomotor • Relate experiences to new learning

• Show skills in the use and • Communicate ideas to other

manipulation of different art media
• Demonstrate good in the use of art
Affective

• Respect right of others • Take pride satisfaction in the

• Express oneself creatively and freely performance of one’s creative work
Basic Principle in the Teaching of Art Education

• Art is for everybody • Art is Education must serve the

• Art is agency in the total growth of the educational and cultural needs of the
Learner time

Methods of Teaching Art Education

• Directed Teaching
• Free expression
• Core Teaching
• Correlated Teaching
• Integrated Teaching
• Group Processes

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 Module 1

LESSON 1 NATURE OF ARTS

INTRODUCTION

What is Art Education?

Art Education as defined by de Francisco as a body of knowledge experience, tradition
and practice peculiar to itself. It aims to satisfy an insistent urge creative activity, and influence on
society.
The Arts is regarded as one the oldest and most important means of expressions created by man.
It is the expression of human thoughts, aspirations and feelings.

• It is the best mirror of the life and culture of any age of human civilization
• It can be traced back to pre-historic times
• It lives because people continuously appreciate and enjoy it
• It is the product of man’s desire to express himself
• It is a valuable record of the physical, psychological, and intellectual activities of the
artist • It comes in different forms

• It is very much part of our lives because artworks are found almost everywhere not only
places like museums, art galleries, concert halls, etc.

Since art involves experience, the first sensation that is aroused in us by

observations of any art form is the physical enjoyment of it. The visual arts like Painting, Dance
Sculpture and Architecture and of the auditory art, Music satisfy our physical needs. The
beautiful landscape of painting of rich, glossy colors done in oil or the lovely portrait of a lady
will arouse our sense of admiration because of the combination of colors. The sweet melody we
listen to brings us to the highest level of delight and pleasure or even a performance of a dance
that tells a story constitutes the physical appeals of arts.

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We can also experience the emotional appeal of art because some of them or most of them
stimulate our imagination and looking at some of them arouse us to touch them because of their
texture. Even in Pablo Picasso’s works with all the distortion of human forms, there is beauty in
its color scheme. The music of Bach, Beethoven or Chopin brings out the sentimental nature of
their compositions.
Through the physical and emotional experience, we come to a better understanding of the work
of an art. For example, in Painting, the use of colors, lines and narrative scheme, we perceive the
messages of the artists, same with Music and even Architecture. Whatever type of art, there is
always intellectual activity that serves as the basis of incorporating human value to the work of
art.
We also undergo some form of religious experience by observing or getting in contact with art
regardless of whatever form it is. In painting and Sculpture, the bulk of religious works of art can
be seen the masterpieces of famous artist. Even composers gave us the like Gregorian Chants,
Bach’s Cantata, or Handel’s Oratorios.

ACTIVITY 1:
List down as many objects, places and things around us where art is found.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________ ACTIVITY
2:
Write concepts/ideas you successfully learned from the lesson on the Nature of Art.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

LESSON 2 ARTS AND LIFE

INTRODUCTION

Have you ever experienced emotional traumas? How did you go about it? What did you do to
overcome it? Have you heard about ART THERAPHY? What is Art Therapy all about?

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 • A form of psychotherapy through art- making to explore difficult feelings and to facilitate
expression of thoughts that cannot be verbalized

• Emphasis is on the creative process rather than aesthetic of the finished products
• Its objectives depend on the need, interest, abilities and diagnosis of the probable client
• The idea of art healing capabilities dates back to 1800’s
• This is initiated by teacher turned psychologist Margaret Nuremburg
• Art therapy was used in the shell-shocked soldiers in 1942
• Art therapist who are trained and skilled in art therapy encourages client to express
personal concerns through the creation of arts.

• Works done record the progress of clients and if further therapy is needed
• The artwork may be the start of increased verbal communication and a source of pride for
the client.

ACTIVITY 1:
ART AND ME
Direction: Sketch or draw something that has unforgettable meaning to you or anything that can
be associated with you. Be ready to tell the class about it.

ACTIVITY 2:
ART RECALL
Recall experiences regarding attendance in concerts, visiting museums and art galleries and other
similar art activities. Tell something about it in a written composition entitled: THE ARTS:
FIRST
ENCOUNTER

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 LESSON 3
LIFE THEMES IN THE NEW MILLENIUM

INTRODUCTION

Themes may be defined as statement and words that are said feelings or moods that are
experiences in any given aspects of everyday living.
The different changes and development brought about by the new millennium influence the lives
of people from all walks of life.
In arts, the theme or content refers to what the artist expresses or communicates on the whole in
his works, while the subject refers to the object used by the artist.
Among the life themes in the new millennium are those that affect the social, political,
emotional, spiritual and physical aspects of life.

ACTIVITY 1:
“MY LIFE THEMES”
Using any of the art forms (drawing, painting, song composition, printing etc.) show at least
three (3) of the given life themes and be able to explain your work in class using the following
guide questions:
1. What is your life theme all about?
2. With your presentation, what are you trying to convey to others?
3. Do you like your presentation? Why?
4. Do you think art can do something or play important role in your life theme? How?

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 LESSON 4
FUNCTIONS OF ARTS

The interest in appreciation and beauty is one of the main concerns of arts. The
artists’ creative expressions are influenced by social, economic, political, cultural, scientific and
technological environment.

• The arts is powerful medium in mass communication

• Gives man moments of relaxation and spiritual happiness
• Recreates man’s imagination of beautiful themes, characters, motifs and events
• It reforms man to change his behavior into social order
• It overcomes man’s feelings of loneliness, uncertainty and restlessness

Every art has a definite function:

• Architecture provides shelter and allows man to express his yearnings for beauty
• Music and Dance are used for rituals and worships of the gods and for social and folk
entertainment

• Painting and Sculpture are used to narrate events to portray people or events.

ACTIVITY 1: “ART APPRECIATION”

Look at the picture closely and answer the following

questions:

1. What can you say about the picture?

2. Do you like it? Why?
3. What is the subject all about?
4. Is the message of the picture clear to you? Yes or No?
Why?
The Lying Madonna
19.5” x 27” oil pastel by Nemiranda

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Module Overview Module 2

VISUAL ART ( Elements and Principles)

In this Module

1. Two – Dimensional (2 -D) and Three - Dimensional (3 -D) Art

2. Line, Shape, Form, Space, and Texture
3. Color
4. Principles of Art: Emphasis, Harmony, Proportion, Rhythm, and
Balance
5. Appreciating Philippine Visual Arts

OVERVIEW

What is Art? Art is the embodiment of an idea, a view of life, or feeling in an expressive form
or design. Artists make these artistic expressions using different tools, materials, and methods.
The Arts are classified as Performing and Visual Arts. Performing Arts are forms of art which
use the artists’ bodies, faces, movements, and presence as media. These are performed Music,
Theatre and Dance.
Majority of the Visual Arts refer to the arts that can be seen and can be appreciated by looking at
them. These include painting, photography, print, film, sculpture, and architecture. The painting
Brown Madonna and the sculpture, Bonifacio Monument, featured on this page, are examples of

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visual art. In the painting Spoliarium, on page 160, the people’s suffering from the ravages of
war may be seen in its contorted figures, bleak colors, and harsh lines.
Visual Arts may have no words, yet they have the power to communicate feelings, mood, and
ideas thru the elements and principles of art. The six visual elements of art are line, color, form,
space, and texture.
The principles of art are can be compared to the rules of grammar that govern how a sentence is
put together. The principles of art are balance, emphasis, harmony, movement, proportion, unity,
variety, and rhythm.
You will learn more about the elements and principles of art as you study the lessons in the unit.

Module 2

1.LESSON 1
Two- Dimensional (2-D) and Three- Dimensional (3-D) Art

Objectives:
After completing this lesson, you will be able to:

• Define two-dimensional and three-dimensional art

• Recognize the different media and process of visual art in two-dimension (2-D) and three-
dimension (3-D);

• Categorized into 2-D and 3-D the art forms found in one’s surroundings;
Visual Arts can be classified into two groups: two- dimensional and three-dimensional artworks.
Most flat object are two-dimensional. Drawings, paintings, and photographer are
twodimensional. These have two sides – height and width; a front and back. The picture are seen
on the front while the back is blank. The photograph above represents an example of 2-D art. If
you turn the real photo over, the back is blank. On page 164, the painting Brown Madonna is two
dimensional.
Many-sided objects are three-dimensional. A sculpture like the Kaganapan by Napoleon
Abueva is three-dimensional. It has height, width, and depth. It has a top, a bottom, a front and
back, a left side and right side. You can touch and see these sides. It can be seen from many
viewpoints. One can go around it and see different views of the object. The Bonifacio
Monument, is three-dimensional.

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Sculptures are three-dimensional works of art. Artists who make sculptures are called sculptors.
As an art form, sculptures are categorized as Freestanding and Relief Sculptures.

• A freestanding sculpture is a sculpture surrounded on all sides by space. Also known as

sculpture “in the round”, sculptures of this type are meant to be seen from all sides.
Statues of people are examples of freestanding sculptures. In order to see the work as the
sculptor meant it to be seen, you have to move around it. The sculptures Kaganapan by
Napoleon Abueva, and The Bonifacio Monument.

• A relief sculpture that is only partly enclosed by space. In this kind of sculpture, the forms
and figures project or extend outward from the background. They are flat in the back and
are meant to be viewed from the front. The picture on this page is an example of a relief
sculpture. Medals and coins also have relief sculptures on their background plane.

Art Media and Processes

Like art itself, the media and processes used in its creation can be categorized as
being two-or three-dimensional.
Tools and materials used to create works of art are known collectively art media.
The term art is plural. It refers to more than one material or tool. The term art medium
refers to a single material or tool. Process is the method and procedure in creating art.
Two- dimensional Media
For two-dimensional art, the tools, materials, or media used in various processes of
picture-making, like painting or drawing, are pencils, pens, crayons, pastels, oil paints,
watercolor, paintbrushes, palette knife, hand, or a mixture of these. The materials or
surfaces on which the picture or image appears include paper, cloth, parchment, canvas,

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 board, wood, and a mixture of these. Look at the Brown Madonna. What process,
medium, and material were used by the artist?
Three-dimensional Media
For three-dimensional art, the tools used are knives, chisels, and mallets. Among
the media or materials used are marble, bronze, metal, glass, wood, and mixed media.
Look at the picture of the sculpture Kaganapan by Napoleon Abueva. What medium or
material did the sculptor use? What tools do you think did he use in sculpturing the
figure?
SUMMARY

• Visual arts are classified as two-dimensional and three-dimensional,

• Most flat objects are two-dimensional (2-D), Drawings, prints, and photographs
are two-dimensional art.

• Many- sided objects are three-dimensional (3-D). sculptures are

threedimensional art. They are categorized as freestanding and relief sculptures.

ACTIVITY 1 Two-Dimensional and Three Dimensional Art

You are going to create a 2-D art form through painting and a 3-D art form through carving a
sculpture.
Objectives
1. Define a 2-D art form and a 3-D art form
2. Demonstrate understanding of the concept of 2-D and 3-D art forms by painting a picture
of a flower and carving a sculpture of a pet animal.
3. Express appreciation for the art forms made by exhibiting the 2-D’s on the bulletin board
and the 3-D’s on the table or shelf.
Materials
For painting: Oslo, watercolor, paintbrush, pencil
For sculpture: big potato, camote or ube, kitchen knife, spoon, fork, or pointed stick.

Procedure A. Painting – Two- Dimensional Art Form

1. Create a 2-D art form through the painting process by using the brush as tool and
watercolor as medium.
2. Make preliminary sketches of your favorite
scene using a pencil.
3. Paint your picture with a brush and watercolor.

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4. Look at your finished work. You have created a 2-D artwork. What are the characteristics
of your finished artwork? What process, tools, and medium did you use in creating the 2-
D artwork?
5. Exhibit your finished work on the bulletin board for your classmates to view.

B. Sculpture – Three – Dimensional Art Form

You are going to make a simple sculpture of 3-D art form. You will use the carving
technique in making your sculpture. Carving is a process in sculpting using the
subtractive technique. The object is produced by removing or taking away some
unwanted parts from the original material. In carving, the sculptors end up with less
material than when they started. For this reason, carving is known as a subtractive
method of sculpting. 1. Sketch a simple shape of your pet animal on the block of a potato,
camote, or ube.
2. Carve the shape of your animal, beginning with the side view of the camote. Handle
any knife with care.
3. Brace your thumb against the camote, cut slowly and carefully towards yourself. This
is the safest way to handle a knife. You have more control of it and if you take small
slices, there is little danger that you will cut yourself.
4. Use the subtractive technique to cut away the unwanted parts with the use of the
knife. Take your time. Remember, you can always take away more of the camote but
you cannot replace what you have already carved.
5. See to it that your pet can stand. You now have a free-standing sculpture of your
favorite animal.
6. Let your sculpture stand on a table pr shelf together with the other sculptures of your
classmates.

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 Module 2

LESSON 2

In this Module

• Color

Objectives:
After completing this lesson, you will be able to:

• Define the term color

• Identify the three properties of color;
• Define different color schemes;
• Make a collage employing the monochromatic color scheme; and
• Demonstrate how tints and shades are made.

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In your previous lesson, you studied the five elements of visual art: lines. Shapes, forms,
spaces, and textures. The other element, which is color, will be the topic of this lesson.
Color is the element of art that is derived from reflected light. White light from the sun is
actually a combination of all colors. When light falls on a object, some of the light is absorbed by
the object. The rest of the light bounces off. Color is what the eye sees when light bounces off an
object.
Color is what makes the world around us look exciting. Can you imagine a world without
color? What a dull place the world would be!
Look at the color wheel. The color wheel (as shown on the succeeding page) is defined as the
spectrum represented as a circular diagram that shows how colors are related to one another.
Color has three properties: hue, value, and intensity. Hue is the color’s name. Red, yellow, and
blue are the primary hues. These colors are called primary color because they can be mixed to
make all the other hue except white.
Two Primary hues mixed together produce a secondary hue. The secondary hues are green,
orange, and violet. To get orange, for example, you mix equal parts of red and yellow. What
primary hues would you mix together to make green and violet.
An intermediate or tertiary hue is made by mixing a primary hue and its neighboring
secondary hue. When you mix the primary hue yellow with the secondary hue green, you get the
tertiary hue yellow-green.
Value is a property of color concerned with the lightness or darkness of a hue. The value of a
hue changes through the addition of black or white. A light or whiter value of a hue is called tint.
Pink, which is a mixture of white and red, is a tint of red. A dark or addition of black value is
called a shade . Maroon is a mixture of red and black. It is a dark shade of red.
Intensity is the brightness or dullness of a color. A pure color is bright, like red. To make it
dull, add a little of its complement, which is green.
Complementary colors are colors opposite each other on the color wheel. Look at the color wheel.
Red and green are complementary colors. What are the complements of blue and yellow?
The following are some common color schemes that artist use:
Monochromatic color scheme. Monochromatic colors are a harmony of one color and its
variations or different values of a single color.
Monochrome means a single color. A color scheme using dark blue, medium blue, and light
blue is monochromatic.

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Analogous colors are colors that are side by side on the color wheel and share a hue. Yellow,
yellow-orange, and yellow-green are analogous colors that share the hue yellow.
Warm or Cool color schemes. Red, yellow, and orange are warm colors. They remind us a
sunshine, fire, and other warm things. Blue, green, and violet are cool colors. They make us
think cool things like the grass and the sky.
SUMMARY

• Color has three properties: hue, value, and intensity.

• Hue is the color’s name. The three primary hues are red, yellow, and blue. They make all
other colors except white.

• Value is lightness or darkness of a color.

• Intensity is the brightness or dullness of a color.

ACTIVITY 1

1. Using the color wheel, identify and define the following colors:
a. Primary d. Analogous
b. Intermediate or tertiary e. Secondary
c. Complementary

Note:
Shade
Shade is an addition of black value to a color. Example: Maroon is a mixture of red
and black Tint
Tint is an addition of white value to a color. Pink is a mixture of white and red.

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Value is the lightness or darkness of a color through the addition of a black or white.

Intensity is the brightness or dullness of a color. To make a color dull, add a little of its
complement.

Complementary colors are colors opposite each other in the color wheel.

Secondary colors are made by mixing two primary hues.

1. What is value? Intensity?

2. Explain how you get tints and shades.

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ACTIVITY 2 : Monochrome Collage

Objectives
1. Define a monochromatic color scheme
2. Describe some of many ways that one color can be changed
3. Arrange shapes in different variations of the same color into a pleasing composition 4.
Create a monochromatic collage

Materials
White paper, paste, scissors large selection of pictures from magazines
Procedure
1. Select one color and its many variations from an old magazine.
2. Cut out the colors you have selected. For example, you can cut out pages with different
shades, tints, and values of blue.
3. Cut out several geometric and free-form shapes of different sizes. Do not cut out pictures
of real objectives.
4. Arrange the shapes of different sizes into a pleasing composition.
5. Try several arrangements before you decide to a paste them permanently on white paper.

Module 3

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Module Overview

TEACHING METHODS FOR TEACHING ARTS

In this Module
• Laissez – faire
• Assigned Topic
• Media Method
• Facilitator Method

Objectives:
After completing this lesson, you will be able to:

• Define the different methods in teaching arts

• Create assessment in certain methods
• Gain wholesomeness confidence using the teaching methods

Laissez- Faire

Laissez -faire art method means without interference or

direction. Laisser – faire teaches give students the material
and it is up to the child to create a self-expressive work of
art. The teachers allow students to grow and learn on their
own with little or no extrinsic help.

Assigned Topic (Student Oriented)

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is/her job as motivating students first to express themselves and then develop their abilities and knowledge about
rned about inspiring students' confidence, creativity, perception, art knowledge,
skill/craftsmanship, and attitudes. In this method, teachers and students decide on a topic, art
medium, etc. When teaching art history, the teacher tends to select artworks around topics: or
periods or styles. Teachers try to emotionalize the experience (p. 103). The might use mariachi
music to get students excited about a "Mexican Bullfight," for example. They might ask, "What
if. . ." They give an unusual twist to the topic They praise student artwork in progress with
appropriate suggestions and questions.
Teachers are concerned about inspiring students’ confidence, creativity, perception. Art
knowledge, skill/craftmanship, and attitudes.

Media Method

Existing media resources can be used within lectures to stimulate interest in and develop
knowledge of the material being taught. This
traditional approach is teacher- eccentric, and
information is pushed to the learner. Media allows
the instructor to facilitate the transfer of expert
knowledge to novice learners. Given the tremendous
rate of technology change, instructors face an
ongoing challenge in choosing the most effective
media platform to reach their students. Instructors can also create their own media to effectively
and efficiently convey knowledge.
Facilitator

The teacher uses individual or group work.

Students decide with teacher upon art
experiences and interests based on
studentteacher conferences. This method
works with students who are self-motivated
or at an
advanced level class. Here students choose their own topic, art media, and plan their study with
help of teacher. Good teachers: use dramatic body movements, variations in voice, eye contact,

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emotive face expressions, lively exception of ideas, project their voices, are enthusiastic. And are
professionally dressed. Unlike the lecture style, teachers ask students to question rather than
simply have the answer given to them. In this method, activities ae used to promote self-
discovery and develop problem – solving skills, which can often lead to the students developing
a much deeper understanding of the topic and to provide the necessary scaffolding and teaching
of skills when necessary.

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