Name: Justine James A.

Nuyles Date: February 17, 2022

Course & Block: BSEE-3B
Electrical Machines 2 (Lec)
Pretest
1. AC Generator is commonly called _________.

Answer: Alternator

2. Define Alternator:

Answer:
Alternator – a synchronous machine used to convert mechanical power to
AC electrical power.

3. How does alternator works?

Answer:
The alternator works by turning mechanical energy into electrical
energy. When your engine is on, it powers a drive belt that rests on a pulley
attached to the alternator. The pulley turns the alternator's rotor shaft, which
spins a set of magnets around a coil. These spinning magnets generate
alternating current (AC) around the coil, which is then channeled to the
alternator's rectifier. The rectifier converts that AC power into DC power,
which activates your car's electrical systems.

4. What is the fundamental principle used in Alternator?

Answer:
The fundamental operating principle used by alternators is Faraday’s
Law of electromagnetic induction.

5. Enumerate the basic parts of Alternator:

Answer:
Alternators can be divided into two parts: the Stator and the Rotor. As
its name implies, Rotor is the rotating part while the stator part is the
stationary part.
6. What is the difference between AC & DC machines in terms of Rotors and
Stator parts?

Answer:
There’s one important difference between the two, whereas, in DC
generators, the armature rotates and the field system is stationary, the
arrangement in alternators is just the reverse of it. Hence in an alternator,
the armature is stationary while the magnetic field system rotates.

7. What is the difference between a Salient and a Non-Salient Pole?

Answer:
Non-Salient Pole is normally used for two- and four-pole rotors, while
salient-pole rotors are normally used for rotors with four or more poles.
Because the rotor is subjected to changing magnetic fields, it is constructed
of thin laminations to reduce eddy current losses.

8. Define Slip-Ring?

Answer:
Slip rings are metal rings completely encircling the shaft of a machine
but insulated from it. One end of the dc rotor winding is tied to each of the
two slip rings on the shaft of the synchronous machine. And a stationary
brush rides on each slip ring.
Post test
1. AC Generator is commonly called _________.

Answer: Alternator

2. Define Alternator:

Answer:
Alternator – a synchronous machine used to convert mechanical power to
AC electrical power.

3. How does alternator works?

Answer:
The alternator works by turning mechanical energy into electrical
energy. When your engine is on, it powers a drive belt that rests on a pulley
attached to the alternator. The pulley turns the alternator's rotor shaft, which
spins a set of magnets around a coil. These spinning magnets generate
alternating current (AC) around the coil, which is then channeled to the
alternator's rectifier. The rectifier converts that AC power into DC power,
which activates your car's electrical systems.

4. What is the fundamental principle used in Alternator?

Answer:
The fundamental operating principle used by alternators is Faraday’s
Law of electromagnetic induction.

5. Enumerate the basic parts of Alternator:

Answer:
Alternators can be divided into two parts: the Stator and the Rotor. As
its name implies, Rotor is the rotating part while the stator part is the
stationary part.
6. What is the difference between AC & DC machines in terms of Rotors and
Stator parts?

Answer:
There’s one important difference between the two, whereas, in DC
generators, the armature rotates and the field system is stationary, the
arrangement in alternators is just the reverse of it. Hence in an alternator,
the armature is stationary while the magnetic field system rotates.

7. What is the difference between a Salient and a Non-Salient Pole?

Answer:
Non-Salient Pole is normally used for two- and four-pole rotors, while
salient-pole rotors are normally used for rotors with four or more poles.
Because the rotor is subjected to changing magnetic fields, it is constructed
of thin laminations to reduce eddy current losses.

8. Define Slip-Ring?

Answer:
Slip rings are metal rings completely encircling the shaft of a machine
but insulated from it. One end of the dc rotor winding is tied to each of the
two slip rings on the shaft of the synchronous machine. And a stationary
brush rides on each slip ring.
WORKSHEET 1.1: BASIC CONSTRUCTION OF A MACHINES
Name: Justine James A. Nuyles Date: February 17, 2022 Time Start:
Course & Year: BSEE-3B Score: Time End:

Draw and label accordingly a simple 4-pole Alternator.

WORKSHEET 1.2: BASIC CONSTRUCTION OF A MACHINES
Name: Justine James A. Nuyles Date: February 17, 2022 Time Start:
Course & Year: BSEE-3B Score: Time End:

1. Discuss (in your own words) the basic operation of alternators.

- An alternator works together with the battery to supply power for the
electrical components of the vehicle. The output of an alternator is
direct current (DC). When the alternator pulley is rotated, alternating
current (AC) passes through a magnetic field and an electrical current is
generated. This is then converted to DC via the rectifier.

2. Differentiate AC Machine and DC Machine.

- Alternators (like DC Machines) are consist of an armature winding and a
magnetic field. But there is one important difference between the two,
whereas, in DC generators, the armature rotates and the field system is
stationary, the arrangement in alternators is just the reverse of it. Hence
in an alternator or AC Machines, the armature is stationary while the
magnetic field system rotates.
- There are many differences between AC and DC machines. The most
obvious difference is the type of current each motor turns into energy,
alternating current in the case of AC machines, and direct current in the
case of DC machines. AC machines are known for their increased power
output and efficiency, while DC machines are prized for their speed
control and output range. AC machines are available in single- or three-
phase configurations, while DC machines are always single-phase.