DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF GEARLESS TRANSMISSION by ELBOW MECHANISM

PROJECT SYNOPSIS
Submitted by

NAVEEN SHUKLA UID: 19BME1003

SUDEEP PAPNEY UID: 19BME1007

VINAYAK SAINI UID: 19BME1055

PRAMOD KUMAR GOPE UID: 19BME1056

ABDUL RAHMAN UID: 19BME1076

Under the Guidance of

Er. RAJIV KHULLAR

Department of Mechanical Engineering

University Institute of Engineering

CHANDIGARH UNIVERSITY
PROJECT SCOPE

1. Today’s world requires speed on each and every field.

2. It is needed to further increase the efficiency of transmission which
cannot be done using geared transmission
3. Gearless transmission mechanism is capable of transmitting power at any
angle without any gears being manufactured
4. Elbow mechanism is an efficient design of gearless transmission
technique and the kinematic system that allows for efficient
power/motion transmission at any required angle.
5. It is an ingenious link mechanism of slider and kinematic chain principle.

OBJECTIVES

Efficient Gearless transmission of power at any required angle.

Saves gear manufacturing time and costs along with teeth matching and gear
placement issue.

In today's environment, speed is required in every area. As a result, speed and

efficiency are essential. Various machines and equipment are now manufactured
in order to achieve rapidity. Gears are expensive to produce. It is necessary to
improve transmission efficiency, which cannot be accomplished with geared
transmission. Without the use of gears, a gearless transmission system is capable
of delivering power at any angle. So, for skew shafts, I created a gearless power
transmission system that reduces losses, costs, and saves time and space. This
method permits shafts to change orientation during motion, which is a highly
intriguing and exciting feature of this device.Also, during the mechanism and
working analysis, it was discovered that this gearless transmission can be utilized
for both intersecting and skew shafts, but we only offered a solution for skew
shafts here, thus our focus is on skew shafts. For transmitting rotational velocity
from an input coupled to three bent links, a gearless transmission is offered.
MATERIAL REQUIRED

1. Frame (M.S)
2. Shaft (M.S)
3. Elbow rod (S.S)
4. Bearing Housing (M.S)
5. Welding Rod
6. Ball Bearing
7. Hand Pedal
8. Colour

WORK PLAN

1. Establish team responsibilities.

2. Set project timelines.
3. Establishing a budget.
 PERSONAL TASKS:

STUDENT’ S Batch Student Role in Project Incharge and

UID Sem
project his mobile number
S.No NAME and class

NAVEEN
1 19BME1003 6 ME - 4 Research (R & d)
SHUKLA

SUDEEP
2 19BME1007 6 ME - 4 Fabrication
PAPNEY Er. Rajiv Khullar

VINAYAK
3 19BME1055 6 ME - 3 Management 6280323517
SAINI

PRAMOD Employee ID-E3139

Resource
4 KUMAR 19BME1056 6 ME - 4
Manager
GOPE

ABDUL
5 19BME1076 6 ME - 4 Design
REHMAN

LITREATURE REVIEW & PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION

LITERATURE REVIEW:

In today's world, it is a matter of urgency. As a result, speed and efficiency are the
most important factors. Various machines and systems are now synthesized by
man in order to achieve rapidity. Engineers are constantly conformed to the
difficult problems of turning thoughts and designs into reality. New systems and
methods are always being developed in order to create a wide range of products at
low costs while maintaining excellent quality. The mission "GEARLESS
TRANSMISSION" is a compact and lightweight mechanism that is skilled and has
some experience in transmitting power at right angles without the use of gears. The
pieces are simple to make at our college shop, and the cost is likewise lower. This
project provides us with manufacturing expertise, experience, skill, and fresh ideas.
It is a viable project with a high probability of success. This project is the
equipment that may be used to increase the quality of the gear being created while
also being made in a shorter amount of time, thus we chose it. The elbow
mechanism is an imaginative link mechanism based on the slider and kinematic
chain principle. This mechanism, sometimes known as a "Gearless Transmission
Mechanism," is particularly useful for conveying movement at right angles.
However, in certain commercial software, "Gearless Transmission at proper
Altitude" can also work at an obtuse or correct angle plane, as opposed to bug and
Trojan horse gear or bevel and pinion equipment, which are frequently employed
in the enterprise for a variety of applications. Because of the under frictional forces
between the mating tools teeth, the erratic hunting of the gears, the back lash
between the teeth cannot be overcome, and thus the performance cannot be greater
than 55 percent of recent warm bevel gears are manufactured in poly propelinear
epoxy material, where the Frictional Forces are relatively eliminated. Despite the
fact that such equipment is utilized for very tiny programme, its efficiency is just
42%.
.
Elbow mechanism is an equipment which uses gearless transmission at an
angle of 60/90/180 degrees.
It is an effective way of transmitting power without gears at a definite distance.
It comprises of a number of rods between three and more rods.
For effective operation there should be at least three rods.
The rods are placed in a hub at an angle of 120 degree to each other.
The assembly is mounted on the platform made up of Mild Steel (M.S).
Input power will be transmitted manually by using a hand Pedal.

In this the power is given to the outer plate and the outer plate rotates through
which the L – shaped shafts and through which the power is transmitted to other
plate which is present at an angle of 90°. Hence very little friction plays while
the power is being transmitted.

The Gearless transmission or Elbow mechanism is a device for transmitting

motions at any fixed angle between the driving and driven shaft. The synthesis
of this mechanism would reveal that it comprises of a number of pins would be
between 3 to 8 the more the pins the smoother the operation. These pins slide
inside hollow cylinders thus formatting a sliding pair. Our mechanism has 3
such sliding pairs.

These cylinders are placed in a hollow pipe and are fastened at 120° to each
other.

This whole assembly is mounted on a metallic frame made up of mild steel.

And the power is supplied manually by hand pedals.
The Elbow mechanism is an innovative slide and a way to connect the
kinematic chain. This machine is also known as the "gearless
transmission machine," and is very effective in transmitting movement
at right angles. However, in some industrial applications, the "gearless
transmission at right angle" can also operate in an obtuse or direct
position, as opposed to a worm and worm gear or a bevel and pinion
gear, which is commonly used in the industry for a variety of purpose

In terms of gear efficiency, a key feature of this machine is the high efficiency
between the input and output power shafts. The Elbow Mechanism transmits the I /
P force to the O / P side in such a way that the angular energy produced in the
slacks is automatically connected with the help of I / P holding pins and conveys
the correct drive for the combination of the O / P and the PIN. As a result, minor
conflicts occur during the transfer of power; hunting and retreat. The Elbow
mechanism, also known as the gearless transmission, is a device that transmits
movement at any fixed angle between driving or steering shafts. The design of the
machine indicates that it is made between 3 and 8 pins, if the more the pins, the
smoother the performance. These anchors make the slippery slope between the
empty cylinders.

There are three such slippery pairs in our machine. These cylinders are attached
120 degrees to each other by a hose. The whole system is supported by brackets
attached to a wooden table. These shafts are placed in holes that are evenly spaced
around the circle and can be slipped in and out as the shaft rotates. This type of
drive is best used when quiet work at high speed is required, however it is only
suggested for advanced applications. The function of a single rod will determine
the effectiveness of this transfer. During the transition, accuracy. Assuming the
drive shaft "A" rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow, the shaft driven by B
will rotate in the opposite direction. As shaft A finishes around halfway, C slides
out of both A & B shafts in the most efficient driving position. During the first half
of the transition, the "C" rod will be at the top, and during the second half of the
transition, the "C" rod will be at the bottom. The remainder of the rod "C" slides
inwards until it reaches the innermost part and, while other roads, of course, pass
the same rotation cycle, with all the sliding rods in and out respectively.
In terms of gear efficiency, a key feature of this machine is the high efficiency
between the input and output power shafts. The Elbow Mechanism transmits the I /
P force to the O / P side in such a way that the angular energy produced in the
slacks is automatically connected with the help of I / P holding pins and conveys
the correct drive for the combination of the O / P and the PIN. As a result, minor
conflicts occur during the transfer of power; hunting and retreat. The Elbow
mechanism, also known as the gearless transmission, is a device that transmits
movement at any fixed angle between driving or steering shafts. The design of the
machine indicates that it is made between 3 and 8 pins, if the more the pins, the
smoother the performance. These anchors make the slippery slope between the
empty cylinders.

There are three such slippery pairs in our machine. These cylinders are attached
120 degrees to each other by a hose. The whole system is supported by brackets
attached to a wooden table. These shafts are placed in holes that are evenly spaced
around the circle and can be slipped in and out as the shaft rotates. This type of
drive is best used when quiet work at high speed is required, however it is only
suggested for advanced applications. The function of a single rod will determine
the effectiveness of this transfer. During the transition, accuracy. Assuming the
drive shaft "A" rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow, the shaft driven by B
will rotate in the opposite direction. As shaft A finishes around halfway, C slides
out of both A & B shafts in the most efficient driving position. During the first half
of the transition, the "C" rod will be at the top, and during the second half of the
transition, the "C" rod will be at the bottom. The remainder of the rod "C" slides
inwards until it reaches the innermost part and, while other roads, of course, pass
the same rotation cycle, with all the sliding rods in and out respectively.
In terms of gear efficiency, a key feature of this machine is the high efficiency
between the input and output power shafts. The Elbow Mechanism transmits the I /
P force to the O / P side in such a way that the angular energy produced in the
slacks is automatically connected with the help of I / P holding pins and conveys
the correct drive for the combination of the O / P and the PIN. As a result, minor
conflicts occur during the transfer of power; hunting and retreat. The Elbow
mechanism, also known as the gearless transmission, is a device that transmits
movement at any fixed angle between driving or steering shafts. The design of the
machine indicates that it is made between 3 and 8 pins, if the more the pins, the
smoother the performance. These anchors make the slippery slope between the
empty cylinders.

There are three such slippery pairs in our machine. These cylinders are attached
120 degrees to each other by a hose. The whole system is supported by brackets
attached to a wooden table. These shafts are placed in holes that are evenly spaced
around the circle and can be slipped in and out as the shaft rotates. This type of
drive is best used when quiet work at high speed is required, however it is only
suggested for advanced applications. The function of a single rod will determine
the effectiveness of this transfer. During the transition, accuracy. Assuming the
drive shaft "A" rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow, the shaft driven by B
will rotate in the opposite direction. As shaft A finishes around halfway, C slides
out of both A & B shafts in the most efficient driving position. During the first half
of the transition, the "C" rod will be at the top, and during the second half of the
transition, the "C" rod will be at the bottom. The remainder of the rod "C" slides
inwards until it reaches the innermost part and, while other roads, of course, pass
the same rotation cycle, with all the sliding rods in and out respectively.

Application-

The most common use for the highlighted product is as a socket wrench extender.
In the automotive and other mechanical industries, where direct access to bolts and
screws is sometimes limited, the design makes it easier to reach fasteners.

The technology's potential applications, on the other hand, are vast. Consider the
power transmission possibilities in push cycles, toys, and hand-cranked machinery,
as well as the movement transmission possibilities in store and outdoor signage.

Driving for four-faced tower clocks of various types. The "Big Ben Clock," which
has four dials atop the London Tower, was used to create the elbow mechanism.
This clock was installed in 1630 AD and is still in good working order.
Pump for lubricating C.N.C. lathe machines.

In submarines, the elbow mechanism is used to move the periscope.

Electronic and computer machine air blower.

The mechanism is always utilised for gang drilling, which is a multi-spindle

drilling operation.

Used for drilling angles ranging from 0 to 90 degrees.

The mechanism comes in handy when trying to reach a drive in an tight location.

ADVANTAGES:

1. Complete freedom of Interchangeability.

2. More efficient than gear.

3. Power could be transferred to any desired angle.
4. Ease of manufacturing.
5. Misalignment of shafts can be tolerated to some extent.
6. Simpler cooling system
7. Low cost of manufacturing.
8. Portability of parts.
9. Friction is very less as compared to gear mechanism.
10. Simple cooling system.

PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION:
Drawbacks in existing state of the art and how the drawbacks have been
overcome by our team:

1. It requires better lubrication

2. It requires high initial torque for working.

 3. Angle rod have to be replaced due to translational movement which causes
friction.

4. It is a noisy mechanism.

5. It can transmit power upto 150 RPM only. Beyond this limit there are high
chances of mechanical/material failure.

6. No provision for expansion and contraction in the frame, therefore there is

possibility of cracks.
PRELIMINIARY DESIGN-
CONCLUSION -

1.Any set of Diameter with any profile and skew shaft too can be used, but it
should have rotation about it’s own axis.

2.Both the driving and driven shaft should run on the same RPM.

3.The rods should be equally radially spaced on the Cylindrical disc. ( If 3 pins
then 360/3=1200 each rod ).

4.The mechanism transmit the motion efficiently up to 150 RPM .

5.Generally Stainless Still is used as the Rod material.

6.Minimum 3 Nos. of pins should be used for to make transmission possible.

7.This mechanism can give up to 92% of efficiency (Gears can give maximum
42% of efficiency).

8.The links are bent to 90⁰, but it can also be varied by using the universal joint.
9.General Diameter of Rod used is 8 to 10 mm.

10.General length of the rod used is 250mm

Bibliography-
[1] Prof.A. Kumar and S. Das, “An arrangement for power transmission
between co-axial shafts of different diameter’’, International Journal of
Engineering Research and Technology (IJERRT).
[2] M. Lokesh, R. Ranjit Kumar, R. Revanth, K. Renugadevi and S. Ramesh,
“Gearless power transmission mechanism using 6 elbow rods’’,
International Advance Research Journal in Science, Engineering and
Technology.
[3] Prof. Pavan Nikam, Atish Lahu Patil, Vinay Prabhakar Jadhav, Sagor
Padmakar Patil, Roshan Suresh Shelar, “Gearless mechanism in right angle’’,
International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and
Communication.
[4] Solanki Nehal Pramesh, Patel HarshilK, Singh Montu and Rajwani Avesh
“Design and analysis of gearless transmission through elbow mechanism’’,
International Research Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering (IJSRE).