GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE

TUTICORIN-628008
PROJECT REPORT
ON
POWER TRANSMITTED BY USING SHAFT DRIVE

Under the Guidance of

(Thiru. P.MUTHURASU, M.E., MIE.,Phd,)
Submitted by

SI NO REG.NO NAME
1 14200539 AHAMED RAZIK A

2 14200540 AJITHKUMAR R

3 14200541 ALSHEFAN A

4 14200542 ANNADURAI G

5 14200543 ARUMUGAM P

6 14200544 ARUNKUMAR J

Submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of

Diploma in Mechanical Engineering of
State Board of Technical Education, Tamilnadu.

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

ACADEMIC YEAR 2015-2016
 GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE
THOOTHUKUDI -628 008

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project entitled

“POWER TRANSMITTED BY USING SHAFT DRIVE ” is a Bonafide
record work submitted by selvan.________________________________________

RegNo. ________________________ in the sixth semester Diploma in

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING course during the year 2015– 2016.

Project Guide Head of the Department

Thiru.P.Muthurasu, M.E,MIE,Phd Thiru.P.Muthurasu, M.E,MIE,Phd

Submitted for Board Practical Examination held on_______ _____________

Internal Examiner External Examiner

 OBJECTIVES

The prolonged convention of covering the vast

syllabus with in the short of time resulted in lack of technical knowledge
and unaware of modern mechanics and versatile applications. So in
order to revise this situation and have to clear knowledge about modern
mechanics and machine tools project work has been undertaken.

The project resulted in acquiring well defined

knowledge about the modern machine tools and equipments, Mechanism
and their versatility. The Project work includes the Physical and mental
co-operation of each individual.

It evolves out the concept of group activity. It

further promotes co-operation, co-ordination and ability of individual.

That is a way applying the above concepts, we

have carry out our project is power transmitted by using shaft drive.

We ourselves planned organized and executed to

bring our project as successful one.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
 We take great pleasure in expressing our heartfelt
thanks to the GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE for helping us to
complete our project successfully.

We express our sincere and respected thanks our

beloved principal Thiru.V.Subbaraj ME, B.Tech.Ed is having permitted to use
all the availability facilities in bringing out the project successful.

We extend our sincere thanks to our Head of the

department of Mechanical Engineering Thiru. P.Muthurasu, ME, MIE,PhD for
his kind support and also providing us with his unhindered support.

We are greatly indebted thanks and we also extend

deep sense of gratitude to our guide Thiru. P.Muthurasu, ME, MIE,PhD from
the depth of our sole for her able evidence, valuable suggestions, advises and also
who has been a source of inspiration throughout our project.

We also extend sincere thanks to all the staff of

Mechanical Engineering Department who renders their help throughout our
project.
PREFACE
 We thank our director of technical education who has

introduce the subject the Project work for the final semester in Mechanical

Education Project work is the Way of expression of fresh ideas of the student in the

form of design and Fabrication by utilizing the knowledge acquired by them during

the course of Study and is also benefited for the human society. It has given self-

confidence every individual for starting small scale of our own.

For our turn, be have taken the task of designing preparing details and

Assembly drawing and manufacturing of the “power transmitted by using shaft

drive”.

For every each fabrication project work, sequence of operation Involves four
important factors
They are:
1. Design of the project

2. Preparation of details and assembly drawings

3. Collecting necessary materials and proper layout

4. Manufacturing and marketing

 CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER NO. CHAPTER

1. ABSTRACT

2. INTRODUCTION

3. LIST OF PARTS

4. PARTS DESCRIPTION

5. PARTS SPECIFICATION

6. DETAILED DRAWING

7. DESIGN

8. WORKING PRINCIPLE

9. COST ESTIMATION

9. APPLICATIONS

10. ADVANTAGES

11. CONCLUSION

12. PHOTOGRAPHS

13. BIBLIOGRAPHY
 ABSTRACT

Introduced power transmission arrangement

used for skew shafts. In this transmission system no. of pins or links used must be

odd..3,5,7,9... & centers of any two pins or links hole must not be on that line

which represent the diameter of the shaft. If more pins or links used motion will be

smoother, but increase in no. of pins or links not at the cost of strength of the shaft.

Pins or links are fixed (may be permanent of temporary) in the drilled holes at the

both shaft ends due to which motion is transferred. The dimensions of the pins or

links and angle for the pins are all given very precisely, holes drilled very

accurately. Proposed arrangement used for skew shafts at any angle & if there is a
need we can change the angle between shafts during motion or during intermittent

motion with any profile of shafts having rotational motion along its own axis. The

Working of this arrangement is very smooth & use very effectively with a very

minimum amount of power losses.

 INTRODUCTION
An essential requirement of the present

world is to achieve the objectives with maximum efficiency at minimum cost. This

requires least manufacturing cost of replacement when any instrument fails. And

also that it performs the intended function at a higher efficiency. For transmitting

motion and power from one shaft to another which are non-parallel or intersecting

and coplanar, bevel gearing are generally employed. But there are some inherent
disadvantages associated with bevel and worm gearing stated as complexity in

manufacturing, high cost of replacement. To overcome all these difficulties we

have a mechanism which transmits motion between the two non – parallel

(intersecting) and coplanar shafts. As it replaces gears and transmits motion

without the aid of gears it is also called as Gearless Power Transmission

Mechanism. As a reference we have designed the mechanism for transmitting

motion at right angle. However it can also be employed for transmitting motion at

any angle to the driven shaft by using the pin bent to conform to the angle between

the shaft (acute, obtuse or right angle).

 LIST OF PARTS

The Project consists of many parts. They are

1. BASE PLATE (wood)

2. ELBOW ROD

3. HUB

4. HUB CYLINDER

5. SHAFT
6. BEARING

7. PLUMMER BLOCK
 PARTS DESCRIPTION
The parts and there construction details are briefly given below

1. BASE PLATE (wood):

 It is made up of wood to handle channel material.

The bearing and shaft is engaged with base plate. All the parts for drive this

mechanism are mounted on base plate or bed

2. ELBOW RODS DRIVE TRANSMISSION

The power is transmitted from the handle, The power flow

through the these four L shaped rods having 8mm diameter. These rods are
transmit the power in perpendicular directions and sliding in two cylinders

3. HUB

Hubs are used to transmit mechanical power from a

drive motor by coupling it to an output device such as a wheel or an arm.
4. HUD CYLINDER

These are designed for clamping and holding parts

while a secondary operation is performed through the open center.A typical
application is where a flexible diaphragm is clamped between two metal
retainers while a rivet or other form of fastener is added to the assembly thru
the open center.

5. PLUMMER BLOCK

A bearing housing which typically mounts to a

single planar face. May be split or unsplit to accommodate insertion
/removal of the bearing.
6. BEARING

The part of a machine within which a rotating or sliding

shaft is held. In some bearing types, balls or rollers are used between the
bearing surfaces to reduce rolling friction

.
 PARTS SPECIFICATION

ELBOW ROD

Diameter : 7.5 mm

Length : 340 mm

HUB

Diameter : 46 mm

Length : 35 mm
SHAFT

Diameter : 12 mm

Length : 115 mm

BEARING

Outer Ring : 40 mm

Bore : 1/2 “

Collar : C008

PLUMMER BLOCK

Cap bolts : M 10*40

Torque : 50

Dowel diameter : 5mm

 DRAWING
2D DESIGN VIEW OF OUR PROJECT
3D DESIGN VIEW OF OUR PROJECT
 WORKING PRINCIPLE

Here is a wonderful mechanism that carries

force through a 90ºbend.Translating rotational motion around an axis usually

involves gears, which can quickly become complicated, inflexible and clumsy-

looking, often ugly. So, instead of using gears, this technology elegantly converts

rotational motion using a set of cylindrical bars, bent to 90º, in a clever, simple and

smooth process that translates strong rotational force even in restricted spaces. A

gearless transmission is provided for transmitting rotational velocity from an input

connected to three bent links. Both the input shaft and the housing have rotational axes. The

rotational axis of the input shaft is disposed at an angle of 90 degree with respect to

the rotational axis of the housing. As a result, rotation of the input shaft results in a

processional motion of the axis of the bent link. The rotary and reciprocating

motion of bent link transmit rotation of prime mover to 90 degree without any gear

system to an output shaft without gears. The transmission includes an input shaft.

The Gearless transmission or El-bow mechanism is

a device for transmitting motions at any fixed angle between the driving and driven

shaft. The synthesis of this mechanism would reveal that it comprises of a number
of pins would be between 3 to 8 the more the pins the smoother the operation.

These pins slide inside hollow cylinders thus formatting a sliding pair.

This whole assembly is mounted on brackets

wooden table. Power is supplied by an handle. The working of the mechanism is

understood by the diagram. An unused form of transmission of power on shaft

located at an angle. Motion is transmitted from driving to the driven shaft through

the roads which are bent to conform to the angles between the shafts. These roads

are located at in the holes equally spaced around a circle and they are free to slide

in & out as the shaft revolves. This type of drive is especially suitable where quite

operation at high speed is essential but only recommended for high duty. The

operation of this transmission will be apparent by the action of one rod. During a

revolution. If we assume that driving shaft “A” is revolving as indicated by arrow

the driven shaft B will rotate counter clockwise. As shaft A turns through half

revolution C shown in the inner and most effective driving position slides out of

both shafts A & B. The first half revolution and rod “C” then will be at the top then

during The remaining half this rod “C” slide in wards until it again reaches to inner
most position shown in Fig. in the meanwhile the other roads have of course

passed through the same cycle of movements all rods are successively sliding

inwards and outwards. Although this transmission is an old one many mechanics

are skeptical about its operation, however it is not only practicable but has proved

satisfactory for various applications when the drive is for shafts which are

permanently located at given angle. Although this illustration shows a right angle

transmission this drive can be applied also to shafts located at intermediate angle

between 0° and 90°.In making this transmission, it is essential to have the holes for a given

rod located accurately in the same holes must be equally spaced in radial and

circumferential directions, be parallel to each rod should be bent to at angle at

which the shaft are to be located. If the holes drilled in the ends of the shafts have

“blind” or closed ends, there ought to be a small vent at the bottom of each rod

hole for the escape of air compressed by the pumping action of the rods. These

holes are useful for oiling to avoid blind holes shafts may have enlarged port or

shoulder. This transmission may be provided centrally and in line with the axis of

each shaft and provided with a circular groove at each rod or a cross-pin to permit
rotation of the shaft about the rod simply active as a retaining device for shipping

and handling purposed.

A gearless transmission system comprising: a first linkage,

having a first off-centered center of rotation, an input end and an opposing output

end; a second linkage having a second off-centered center of rotation, an input end

and an opposing output end, said input end of said second linkage being connected

to said output end of said first linkage; a third linkage having an input end and an

output end, said third linkage mounted to said first off-centered center of rotation,

said input end of said third linkage connected to said output end of said second

linkage; a fourth linkage having an input end and an output end, said fourth linkage

mounted to said second off-centered center of rotation, said input end of said

fourth linkage connected to said output end of said third linkage; a fifth linkage

having an input end and an output end, said fifth linkage mounted to said first off-

centered center of rotation, said input end of said fifth linkage connected to said

output end of said fourth linkage; and a sixth linkage having an input end and an

output end, said sixth linkage mounted to said second off-centered center of

rotation, said input end of said sixth linkage connected to said output end of said

fifth linkage, wherein force applied to said input end of said first linkage generates

an output force from the output end of the sixth linkage.

 BILL OF MATERIALS

Sl.No COMPONENTS MATERIAL QUANTITY

1 Elbow rods Stainless Steel 3

2 Hub Copper alloy 1

3 Shaft Mild steel 2

4 Bearings Mild steel 1

5 Wooden board Woods 1

6 Plummer Block CI 2
COST ANALYSIS
SL. NO DESCRIPTION SPECIFICATIONS COST

1 Elbow rods 90° angle rod 350

2 Hub 35×35 mm 350

3 Shaft 20 × 100 mm 200

4 Bearings Mild steel 450

5 Wooden board 90 × 120 750

6 Plummer Block CI 750

Total 2850

Material Cost = 2850

Overhead cost = 350

Prime Cost = (Material cost + Overhead cost)

= 2850+350 = 3200

Labor Cost = 2000

Total Cost = Prime Cost + Labor Cost

= 3200 + 2000 = 5200

APPLICATIONS
 Hand driven machines like juice makers sheet

folding machines

 Movement of periscope in submarines

 Angular drilling between 0- 90 degree

 Gang drilling( multi spindle drilling)

 Lubrication pump for CNC lathe

ADVANTAGES
 More efficient than gear

 Complete freedom of Interchangeability

 Power could be transferred to any desired angle.

 Ease of manufacturing

 Misalignment of shafts can be tolerated to some extent

 Low cost of manufacturing

 CONCLUSION

During working on experimental setup and after a

long discussion it is observed that proposed arrangement used for any set of
diameters with any profile of shafts for skew shafts of any angle but the shaft’s

must be having the rotational motion about his own axis, transmission of motion is

very smooth and desirable and used only for the equal R.P.M. of driving shaft and

driven shaft by employing pins or given type of links for appropriate joints for

revolute pair
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

TEXT BOOK:
  A text book of Manufacturing Technology , author –
R.K.Rajput

 Rajput, R. K. “Fluid Mechanics And Hydraulic Machines”, S.

Chand & Company ltd,.

WEBSITE:

 http://www.google.com
 http://www.wikipedia.com