Masen 2018 06-Pv Design Prot Casajus

CENTRO NACIONAL DE ENERGÍAS RENOVABLES
NATIONAL RENEWABLE ENERGY CENTER
SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY

PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE
Luis Casajús Medrano
Agadir, 04/09/2018
lcasajus@cener.com
1
CONTENTS
1. Definitions
2. PV design
3. Solar resource
4. PV installation
5. PV design with PVsyst software
6. Other options
7. Practical example
1. DEFINITIONS
NORMATIVA Y CERTIFICACIÓN FV
3
1. DEFINITIONS
Solar resource: Energy coming from the sun.

 Solar irradiance: Power density incident in a surface (W/m2).
 Solar irradiation: Energy incident in a surface during a time period (Wh/m2).
PV modules
 PV cell: Device that converts sunlight into direct current (DC).
 PV modules: Association of PV cells connected.
 Peak power: Power of the PV module in STC.
 STC (Standard tests conditions):
 Solar irradiance: 1000 W/m2
 Spectral distribution: AM 1,5G
 Cell temperature: 25ºC
1. DEFINITIONS
Installation
 PV installation: Power system designed to supply usable solar power by means of photovoltaics.
It consists of an arrangement of several components, including solar modules to absorb and
convert sunlight into electricity, sometimes a solar inverter to change the electrical current from
DC to AC, as well as mounting, cabling, and other electrical accessories to set up a working
system.
 PV generator: PV modules association to generate electric power.
 PV string: PV modules connected in series.
 PV inverter: Electronic device to convert DC voltage and current into AC voltage and current.
 Electrical boxes: Boxes where electrical connections and protections devices are placed.
 Nominal power of the PV installation: Sum of the nominal power of PV inverters.
 Peak power of the PV installation: Sum of the peak power of PV modules.
 Performance Ratio (PR): The Performance Ratio of the system is defined as the ratio between
the energy fed into the grid by the PV system and the energy generated by the same system
working in STC and without losses. The PR represents the deviation of the system from ideal
conditions.
1. DEFINITIONS
PV string 1
PV string 2
2. PV DESIGN
7
2. PV DESIGN
In order to build a PV plant, from a technical point of view, following steps are needed:
 Solar resource estimation.
 Typical meteorological year (TMY) obtained from databases, meteorological stations, etc.
 Location study: Horizon line, near shadows, terrain (for soiling), etc.
 PV plant design.
 PVsyst is a commercial software able to do this task.
 Other PV simulation software: PV sol, Solarius PV, BlueSol Design 4, Plantpredict, etc.
 Energy production estimation.
 PV project writing.
 PV plant execution.
3. SOLAR RESOURCE
9
3. SOLAR RESOURCE
The solar radiation on the earth’s surface is determined by two different factors: astronomical and
climatic factors:
 Astronomical factors. Are dependent on the relative position of sun and earth and the
geographic coordinates of the site considered: latitude and longitude. They determine the
radiation path through the atmosphere and the incident angle of sun’s beams. The position of
sun regarding a determined point on the earths surface can be characterized by two angles:
 Suns Height (α). Is the angle between the horizontal and the line to the sun.
 Azimuth (γ). Is the angular displacement from South of the projection of beam radiation
on the horizontal plane (for Northern hemisphere).
3. SOLAR RESOURCE
 Climatic factors. Not all the maximum radiation expected for each sun’s height and location will
always be visible from Earth’s surface. Clouds, the amount of water steam, ozone, aerosols and
other components suspended in the atmosphere might attenuate the solar radiation because of
the absorption, reflexion and scattering of this radiation.
Global Radiation (G) is defined as the total amount of sun radiation on a point in earth’s surface.
Global Radiation is composed by:
 Beam (direct) radiation (B). Is the solar radiation received from the sun without having been
scattered by the atmosphere.
 Diffuse Radiation (D). Is the solar radiation received from the sun after being scattered by the
atmosphere.
 Reflected Radiation (R). Is a proportion of the radiation incident on the ground and reflected
from it. Depends strongly on the ground type.
3. SOLAR RESOURCE
Conclusions:
 The solar resource evaluation is based on the historical data and depends on the atmospheric
and climatic conditions of the site location.
 Solar irradiation and ambient temperature are the main parameters that have influence in a direct
way on the photovoltaic electric production, however aspects related to wind or precipitations are
also important.
 The meteorological data could be obtained from databases with historical data files (at least 10
years) enough to define a Typical Meteorological Year (TMY) for the site.
3. SOLAR RESOURCE
World solar map
Source: Vaisala
3. SOLAR RESOURCE
World solar map
Source: Solargis
3. SOLAR RESOURCE
Solar map of Europe, Asia and Africa
Source: European Commission

3. SOLAR RESOURCE
Solar map of Morocco
Source: Solar-Med-Atlas
4. PV INSTALLATION
17
4. PV INSTALLATION
PV systems examples are exposed in following slides.

 PV stand alone system
 PV system grid connected
 PV system grid connected with potential self-consumption
4. PV INSTALLATION
PV stand alone system

4. PV INSTALLATION
Examples: Stand alone PV system

 PV houses
 Traffic lights
 Chargers for electronic devices
 PV system integrated in clothes
4. PV INSTALLATION
Examples: Stand alone PV system

4. PV INSTALLATION
PV system grid connected

4. PV INSTALLATION
Example: PV system grid connected
“El Romero” in Chile, built by ACCIONA (246MWp)

4. PV INSTALLATION
Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Solar Park - Phase II, 260MW, CdTe, DEWA-Dubai built by TSK
4. PV INSTALLATION
Fustiñana (Navarra) built in 2008 by RIOS RENOVABLES

4. PV INSTALLATION
Examples: PV system grid connected

4. PV INSTALLATION
Examples: Floating PV systems

4. PV INSTALLATION
PV system grid connected with potential self-consumption

4. PV INSTALLATION
Roof PV systems
4. PV INSTALLATION
Building Integrated Photovoltaic Systems (BIPV)

4. PV INSTALLATION
Example: Building integrated PV system in CENER facilities

5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE

32
PVsyst is a simulation software package for the study, sizing and data analysis of complete PV
systems.
It deals with grid-connected, stand-alone, pumping and DC-grid (public transportation) PV

systems, and includes extensive meteo and PV systems components databases, as well as general
solar energy tools.
Preliminary design: this is the presizing step of a project.

 The system yield evaluations are performed very quickly in monthly values, using only a very few
general system characteristics or parameters.
Project design: it aims to perform a thorough system design using detailed hourly simulations.
 The complete characteristics of the PV plant can be defined and simulated.
 The behavior of the PV plant can be analyzed.
Databases: for meteorological data and PV components.
 Creation and management of geographical sites, generation and visualization of hourly
meteorological data, import of meteorological data from several predefined sources or from
custom ASCII files.
 Database management of manufacturers and PV components, including PV modules, Inverters,
Regulators, Generators, Pumps, etc.
Tools:
 Measured data analysis to display tables and graphs of the PV parameters. This gives a mean of
analyzing the real running parameters of the system.
 Included are also some specific tools of meteo data or solar geometry parameters, irradiation,
PV-array behavior or module mismatch, optimizing tools for orientation or voltage, etc.
Main steps to design a PV system with PVsyst software
Solar Synthetic
Monthly
Location hourly data
Resource values
generation
Tilt and Detailed Horizon Near Module

PV design orientation
PV System
losses line shadings layout
Preliminary First
results simulation
Design
Re-design Optimization
iteration
Other Economic Statistical

options analysis analysis
Final Simulation Final report

results
Project
Variants
Solar Synthetic
Monthly
Resource values
generation

PV system
Preliminary First
results simulation
Design
iteration


results
Solar Synthetic
Monthly
Resource values
generation

PV system
Preliminary First
results simulation
Design
iteration


results
All buttons are green (eventually orange) or off.

Simulation is possible now.
Solar Synthetic
Monthly
Resource values
generation

PV system
Preliminary First
results simulation
Design
iteration


results
GlobHor: Global irradiation in the horizontal plane

DiffHor: Diffuse irradiation in the horizontal plane
Tamb: Ambient average temperature
GlobInc: Global irradiation in collector plane
GlobEff: “Efective” global irradiation on the collectors
EArray: Energy produced by the PV array
E_Grid: Energy injected into the grid
PR: Performance Ratio of the PV installation
Solar Synthetic
Monthly
Resource values
generation

PV system
Preliminary First
results simulation
Design
iteration

results

Solar Synthetic
Monthly
Resource values
generation

PV system
Preliminary First
results simulation
Design
iteration


results
Solar Synthetic
Monthly
Resource values
generation

PV system
Preliminary First
results simulation
Design
iteration


results
6. OTHER OPTIONS
105
6. OTHER OPTIONS
6.1 Importation of hourly irradiation data.

6.2 Importation of monthly irradiation data.
6.3 Comparison measured data versus simulation data.
6.1 Importation of hourly irradiation data
6.1 Importation of hourly irradiation data
6. OTHER OPTIONS

6.2 Importation of monthly irradiation data
6.2 Importation of monthly irradiation data
6. OTHER OPTIONS

6.3 Comparison measured data versus simulation data
7. PRACTICAL EXAMPLE
118
THANK YOU
FOR YOUR
ATTENTION

More information about PVsyst software:
http://www.pvsyst.com/en/
Luis Casajús Medrano

lcasajus@cener.com
119
www.cener.com

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CENTRO NACIONAL DE ENERGÍAS RENOVABLES

NATIONAL RENEWABLE ENERGY CENTER

SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY

Solar resource: Energy coming from the sun.

World solar map

World solar map

Solar map of Europe, Asia and Africa

Source: European Commission

Solar map of Morocco

PV systems examples are exposed in following slides.

PV stand alone system

Examples: Stand alone PV system

Examples: Stand alone PV system

PV system grid connected

Example: PV system grid connected

“El Romero” in Chile, built by ACCIONA (246MWp)

Example: PV system grid connected

Example: PV system grid connected

Fustiñana (Navarra) built in 2008 by RIOS RENOVABLES

Examples: PV system grid connected

Examples: Floating PV systems

PV system grid connected with potential self-consumption

Building Integrated Photovoltaic Systems (BIPV)

Example: Building integrated PV system in CENER facilities

5. PV DESIGN WITH PVSYST SOFTWARE

It deals with grid-connected, stand-alone, pumping and DC-grid (public transportation) PV

Preliminary design: this is the presizing step of a project.

Main steps to design a PV system with PVsyst software

Tilt and Detailed Horizon Near Module

Other Economic Statistical

Final Simulation Final report

Tilt and Detailed Horizon Near Module

Other Economic Statistical

Final Simulation Final report

Tilt and Detailed Horizon Near Module

Other Economic Statistical

Final Simulation Final report

All buttons are green (eventually orange) or off.

Tilt and Detailed Horizon Near Module

Other Economic Statistical

Final Simulation Final report

GlobHor: Global irradiation in the horizontal plane

Tilt and Detailed Horizon Near Module

Final Simulation Final report

Other Economic Statistical

Tilt and Detailed Horizon Near Module

Other Economic Statistical

Final Simulation Final report

Tilt and Detailed Horizon Near Module

Other Economic Statistical

Final Simulation Final report

6.1 Importation of hourly irradiation data.

6.1 Importation of hourly irradiation data.

6.1 Importation of hourly irradiation data.

CENTRO NACIONAL DE ENERGÍAS RENOVABLES

Luis Casajús Medrano

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