MODELLING AND SIMULATION OF DYNAMIC SYSTEMS

SIMULATION USING SIMULINK

PUSHPARAJ MANI PATHAK

MECHANICAL & INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING

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Introduction

• SIMULINK is a toolbox to model a system in block

diagram form.
• After opening the MATLAB window, type Simulink, a
new pops up with the name of the Simulink module
and elementary blocks appears.
• One can select a new model from the drop down
file menu, another window appears where we can
draw the block diagrams.

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Simulink

• Graphical block diagram capability

– Can drag and drop components (called blocks)

• Extensive library of blocks available

– DSP Blockset is one

• Real-time Workshop
• An environment for building and simulating models.
– Continuous, discrete or hybrid systems
– Linear and nonlinear components

• Closely integrated with MATLAB and toolboxes

Simulink Model
• A typical Simulink model includes Sources, Systems and
Sinks.

Sources Systems Sinks

• Interconnection
• Sinewaves of Linear and • Displays
• Function Nonlinear blocks scopes
Generators • FFT scopes
• From MATLAB • To MATLAB
workspace workspace
• From Disk Files • To disk files
Simple Simulink Model

Scope
2

Sine Wave Gain

Sum Scope1

Gain1 1
0.9 Unit Delay
z
Simulink Block Libraries
• Simulink contains block libraries, which contain
components that can be used to build models.
• A block library can itself have other libraries as
blocks. Example: When you first start Simulink:
In1 Out1
Scope XY Graph

Sources Sinks Discrete Linear Nonlinear Connections 0

Blocksets & Simulink Block Library 2.2 Display

Toolboxes Demos
Copyright (c) 1990-1998 by The MathWorks, Inc.

untitled.mat simout

To File To Workspace
Sinks is itself a
block library of STOP

components Stop Simulation

Building a Simulink Model 1

Gain Sum

1 1
Sine Wave Sum s s+1
Integrator Transfer Fcn
Model Window
x' = Ax+Bu (s-1)
y = Cx+Du s(s+1)
State-Space Zero-Pole
1
Constant du/dt
Signal Step
Generator
Derivative Dot Product

Use left Ramp Sine Wave Repeating

Sequence
K 1

mouse Discrete Pulse Pulse Chirp Signal

Matrix
Gain
Slider
Gain

button to Generator Generator

12:34

drag blocks Clock Digital Clock Linear Blocks

Library
to the
untitled.mat [T,U]

From File From

Workspace

model
window Random
Number
Uniform Random
Number
Band-Limited
White Noise
Sources Library
Connecting Blocks 1
1
Sine Wave Gain Sum
Sine Wave Gain 1
Sum

Sine Wave Gain Sum

Use the left mouse

button to click on a port
and drag a connection

1
1
Sine Wave Gain Sum Scope
Sine Wave Gain Sum Scope

Use the right mouse

button to click on a line
to drag a branch line
More Simulink Basics

• Double-click on a block to open its Dialog Box.

Parameters for the block can be set in this box.
– Example: setting the amplitude, frequency,
phase and sampling frequency of the sinewave
source.
• After selecting a block, you can rotate, flip or resize
it. These operations are useful in creating a more
“readable” block diagram.
Setting Simulation Parameters
• The Simulation menu item on the model’s window can
be used to set simulation parameters.
• You can specify the appropriate solver that is to be
used. For discrete-time systems use
– the Fixed-step Discrete solver if there is only a single
sample time.
– The Variable-step Discrete solver for multirate systems.
• You can also specify variables that are to be obtained
from or returned to the MATLAB workspace.
Subsystem
• One can select portions of model using
the mouse and make them into a
subsystem.

• One can created a masked subsystem,

that hides the complexity of the
subsystem from the user.
Example

This model consists of three blocks:

1.step-source block,
2.scope-sink block and
3.transfer function-Linear block
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• A block can be modified
by double-clicking on it,
here by right click on
transfer function block
yields
• This dialog box contains
fields for the numerator and
the denominator of the
block's transfer function.

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• To change the denominator to s2+2s+4,
• Enter the [1 2 4] into the denominator field:

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• The "step" block can also be
double-clicked, bringing up
the following dialog box.
• The default parameters in
this dialog box generate a
step function occurring at
time =1 s, from an initial level
of zero to a level of 1.

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• Double clicking on
scope block brings up a
blank oscilloscope
screen.
• When a simulation is
performed, the signal
which feeds into the
scope will be displayed
in this window.

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• Take the following model to run a simulation

• Before running a simulation of this system, first open the

scope window by double-clicking on the scope block.
• Then, to start the simulation, select Start from the
Simulation menu

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• The simulation should run very quickly and
the scope window will appear.

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• The simulation
output (shown in
yellow) is at a very
low level relative to
the axes of the
scope.
• To fix this, hit the
auto scale button
(binoculars).
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• We can change the
parameters of the
simulation also.
• In the model window,
select Parameters
from the Simulation
menu.
• You will see the
following dialog box.

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• By just changing
the stop time 10s
to 2 s we get.

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Reference

• Simulink-Dynamic System Simulation (The

Math Works)

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Thank you
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