A It covers the heart from outside

B It is lined by simple squamous epithelium

C It has subendothelial layer of connective tissue
D It contains Purkinjie fibers

716. The epicardium has the following characters EXCEPT

A It covers the heart from outside
B It is lined by simple columnar epithelium
C It has the nerve ganglia
D It is formed of two layers (visceral and parietal)

717. Mesothelium is
A The simple squamous epithelium which line the inside of the heart
B The simple squamous epithelium which covers the outside of the heart
C The simple squamous epithelium which forms the parietal layer of the
epicardium
D Non of the above
Lymphatic system
718. All the body tissues have lymphatic drainage EXCEPT
A CNS, eye and ear
B Bone and cartilage
C Epidermis of the skin
D All of the above

719. The lymph is

A Another definition for the plasma
B It is the serum
C A special excess fluid which circulates in its own vessels
D The fluid present ONLY in the lymph nodes

720. The lymphoid system consists of the followings EXCEPT

A Thymus, lymph nodes and spleen
B Diffuse lymphatic tissues
C Isolated lymphoid cells in different connective tissues
D Neuroglia
721. The followings represent the lymphoid cells EXCEPT
A Lymphocytes ( B & T)
B Plasma cells
C Macrophages
D Cells forming islets of Langerhans in the pancreas

722. The lymphocytes morphologically divided into

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 A Large, medium sized and small lymphocytes
B B and T lymphocytes
C Helper, cytotoxic and suppressor lymphocytes
D All of the above
Lymphocytes
723. The lymphocytes physiologically divided mainly into
A Large, medium sized and small lymphocytes
B B and T lymphocytes
C Helper, cytotoxic and suppressor T-lymphocytes
D All of the above

724. B-lymphocytes
A Arise in the bone marrow and become immunocompetent in the thymus
B Arise in the thymus and become immunocompetent in the bone marrow
C Arise and become immunocompetent in the bone marrow
D Arise in the thymus and become immunocompetent in thymus

725. The "activated B –lymphocytes" means

A The immunocompetent B-lymphocytes
B The immunocompetent B-lymphocytes which contact its specific antigen
C B-lymphocyte in the thymus
D All of the above

726. ONE statement is true

A The immunocompetent B-lymphocytes can secrete antibodies
B The activated B-lymphocytes can secrete antibodies
C The activated B-lymphocytes divide into plasma and memory cells
D The activated B-lymphocytes differentiate to T-lymphocytes

727. B-lymphocytes
A Represent 10-15% f circulating lymphocytes in the blood
B Represent 70-80% f circulating lymphocytes in the blood
C Present only in the lymphoid organs
D Present only in the connective tissue
728. In the humoral immune response system
A The antibodies attack the antigens
B The B-lymphocytes is the main cells
C Specific system for specific antigens
D All of the above

729. T-lymphocytes
A Arise in the bone marrow and become immunocompetent in the thymus
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 B Arise in the thymus and become immunocompetent in the bone marrow
C Arise and become immunocompetent in the bone marrow
D Arise and become immunocompetent in thymus

730. In the cell mediated immune response system

A The antibodies attack the cells (as tumor cells)
B The T-lymphocytes is the main cells
C Non specific immune system
D All of the above

731. Which of the following statement concerning the helper-T cells is

true?
A They secret antibodies
B They secrete cytokines
C They are the main cells responsible for humoral immune response
D They are subtype of b-lymphocytes

732. The followings are the subtypes of T-lymphocytes EXCEPT

A T-helper cells
B Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes
C Suppressor T-lymphocytes
D Memory B-lymphocytes

733. Following cells share in the humoral immune mechanism EXCEPT

A T-helper cells
B Suppressor T-lymphocytes
C Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes
D B -lymphocytes

734. Null cells

A Are subtype of B-lymphocytes
B Are subtype of T-lymphocytes
C Are natural killer cells
D Are not present in the blood
Antigens and antibodies
735. Each of the followings is an antigen presenting cell EXCEPT
A Macrophages
B B-lymphocytes
C Langerhans cells of the epidermis
D T-lymphocytes

736. Immunogen is
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A The substance that elicit the immune response
B The substance that react specifically with its specific antibody
C A &B
D Non of the above

737. Antigen is
A The substance that elicit the immune response
B The substance that react specifically with its specific antibody
C A &B
D Non of the above

738. One statement is true

A All antigen are immunogens
B Most immunogens are not antigens
C Not all antigen are immunogens and most immunogens are not antigens
D Not all antigen are immunogens and most immunogens are antigens

739. The following cell can secrete antibodies

A B-lymphocytes
B T-lymphocytes
C Plasma cells
D Null cells

740. The region of the antigen that reacts with the antibody is called
A Immunogen
B Epitope
C Hinge region
D FC fragment
741. Each of the following statement concerning antibody is true EXCEPT
A Circulating plasma glycoproteins
B Secreted by B-lymphocytes
C Reacts specifically with epitope of the antigen
D It is formed of two heavy chains and two light chains

742. The papain enzyme cleaves the antibody into

A Two heavy chains and two light chains
B One heavy chain and two light chains
C One FC fragment and two Fab fragments
D Two FC fragments and one Fab fragment

743. Each of the following statements concerning the FC fragment is true

EXCEPT
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 A It consists of two parts of heavy chains
B It has the antigen binding site
C It is easy to crystallize
D It is present in the five subtypes of the antibodies

744. The cytokines that secreted by lymphocytes are called

A Monokines
B Lymphokines
C Interleukins
D Non of the above

745. The cytokines that secreted by monocytes are called

A Monokines
B Lymphokines
C Interleukins
D Non of the above

746. The cytokines that act between leukocytes are called

A Monokines
B Lymphokines
C Interleukins
D Non of the above
Lymphoid organs
747. Primary lymphoid organs
A Bone marrow
B Thymus
C A& B
D Spleen

748. The followings are secondary lymphoid organs EXCEPT

A Spleen
B Lymph nodes
C Thymus gland
D Tonsils

749. The thymus has a dual embryological origin

A Ectoderm and endoderm
B Mesoderm and ectoderm
C Endoderm and mesoderm
D Non of the above
750. The thymus characterized histologically by the followings EXCEPT
A Has no capsule
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B Consists of two lobes
C Formed of cortex and medulla
D Has lymphoid component and epithelial component

751. The thymus characterized by the followings EXCEPT

A Situated in the superior mediastinum
B It is a primary lymphoid organ
C Undergoes involution at the childhood
D The site for B-lymphocytes maturation

752. The cortex of the thymus contains the following cells EXCEPT
A T-lymphocytes
B Macrophages
C Chondroblasts
D Epithelial reticular cells

753. Concerning the cortex of the thymus one statement is NOT correct
A Epithelial reticular cells isolate the cortex completely
B Most T- lymphocyte die in the cortex
C It is the site for T-lymphocyte programming (immunocompetent)
D T-cell programming occur while the cells are in contact with their
specific antigens

754. T-lymphocytes which programmed in the cortex of the thymus

A Will die in the medulla
B Migrate to bone marrow for more differentiation
C Migrate to the medulla and enter the blood stream
D Transforms to B-lymphocytes

755. The medulla of the thymus stain lighter than the cortex because
A The number of the lymphocytes in the medulla is much less in cortex
B It contain a large number of epithelial reticular cells
C A&B
D Non of the above

756. Hassall's corpuscle

A Concentric aggregation of white blood corpuscles
B Concentric aggregation of red blood corpuscles
C Concentric aggregation of epithelial reticular cells
D Non of the above
757. One statement is correct
A Blood thymus barrier separate the blood from the medulla
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B The thymus does not filter lymph
C The thymus capillaries are of fenestrated type
D Hassall's corpuscle are one of mononuclear phagocytic system

758. Blood thymus barrier has the following characteristics EXCEPT

A It separates the blood from the cortex
B It protects the developing T-lymphocytes from circulating antigens
C It has no direct or indirect role in the immune systems
D The blood capillaries are of continuous type

759. Blood –thymus barrier consists of the followings EXCEPT

A Continues endothelium
B Thick basement membrane
C Pericytes
D Layer of cortical T-lymphocytes

760. The epithelial reticular cells in the thymus produce the followings
EXCEPT
A Thymosin
B Prolactin
C Thymolin
D Thymopoietin

761. The stroma of the lymph node consists of the followings EXCEPT
A Connective tissue capsule
B Connective tissue trabeculae
C Network of reticular fibers
D Reticulocytes

762. The followings are types of lymph node sinuses EXCEPT

A Subcapsular lymph sinuses
B Cortical lymph sinuses
C Trabecular lymph sinuses
D Medullary lymph sinuses

763. Concerning the lymph circulation ONE circulation is correct

A Afferent lymphatic, subcapsular, medullary, cortical sinuses to efferent
B Afferent lymphatic, cortical, subcapsular, medullary sinuses to efferent
C Afferent lymphatic, subcapsular, cortical, medullary sinuses efferent
D Afferent lymphatic, cortical, medullary, subcapsular sinuses to efferent

764. The following cells can be seen in the lymphatic sinuses EXCEPT
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 A Endothelial cells
B Macrophages
C Reticulocytes
D Reticular stellate cells

765. ONE statement is NOT true

A Primary lymphatic nodule has no plasma cells nor memory cells
B Secondary lymphatic nodules characterized by the germinal centers
C The germinal center is darker than the peripheral zone
D Secondary lymphatic nodules arise from the primary nodules

766. The germinal center is more pale than the peripheral zone because
A Its cells have heterochromatic nuclei
B It contains more larger and less packed lymphocytes
C It contains more smaller and packed lymphocytes
D Its cells have scanty cytoplasm

767. ONE statement is true

A Secondary lymphatic nodules have no germinal centers
B Primary lymphatic nodules arise after exposure to the antigens
C Primary nodules are present in the medulla of the lymph nodes
D Secondary lymphatic nodules arise after exposure to the antigens

768. One statement is NOT correct

A B-lymphocytes are abundant in the primary nodules
B T-lymphocytes are abundant in the outer cortex of the lymph nodes
C Secondary nodules are the site for B-cell differentiation
D No distinct boundaries between outer an inner cortex

769. Thymus dependent zones have the following characters EXCEPT

A They are areas rich in T-lymphocytes
B They are present in the inner cortex of lymph nodes
C They are the sites fro T-cell differentiation
D It forms the sheath of the lymphoid tissue in the spleen

770. The function/s of the lymph nodes is/are

A Primary site for blood filtration
B Antigen recognition and B-lymphocyte differentiation
C T-lymphocytes differentiation
D All of the above
Spleen
771. ONE statement is NOT true
110
A The lymph node consists of cortex and medulla
B The spleen consists of red and white pulps
C There are primary and secondary lymphoid organs
D All lymphoid organs have afferent and efferent lymphatic vessels

772. Which of the followings is concerning the filtration of the lymph

A Palatine tonsil
B Thymus gland
C Spleen
D Non of the above

773. Histologically, the spleen has the following structures EXCEPT

A Smooth muscle fibers
B Reticular cells and reticular fibers
C Outer cortex and inner medulla
D Thymus dependent zones

774. Which of the followings is NOT in the construction of the spleenic

white pulp
A Central arteriole
B Periarterial lymphatic sheath (PALS)
C Blood sinusoids
D Lymphatic nodules

775. Marginal zone in the spleen

A It is a thymus dependent zone
B It separates the lymphatic nodule from the Periarterial lymphatic sheath
C It separates the white pulp from the red pulp
D It is the blood thymus barrier

776. Marginal zone in the spleen consists of

A Plasma cells
B B and T-lymphocytes
C Denderetic cells
D All of the above

777. Cords of Billroth is another name for

A Umbilical cord
B Spermatic cord
C Spleenic cord
D Non of the above

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778. The spleenic sinuses adapted for their function by the followings
EXCEPT
A The endothelial cells separated by narrow clefts
B Complete basal lamina around the sinus
C The sinus surrounded by reticular cells
D They have wide lumen

779. Arrange the following arterial branches of the spleen

A Central artery, trabecular artery, penicillar artery and ellipsoid capillaries
B Trabecular artery, penicillar artery and ellipsoid capillaries
C Trabecular artery, penicillar artery, central artery and ellipsoid capillaries
D Trabecular artery,central artery,penicillar artery and ellipsoid capillaries

780. Closed circulation in the spleen means

A Blood flow from the artery to the vein through the spleenic sinuses
B Blood flow from the artery to the veins through the spleenic cords
C Blood flow from the artery to the vein direct through blood capillaries
D Non of the above

781. Open circulation in the spleen means

A Blood flow from the artery to the vein through the spleenic sinuses
B Blood flow from the artery to the veins through the spleenic cords
C Blood flow from the artery to the vein direct through blood capillaries
D Non of the above

782. One of the followings is NOT a function of the spleen

A Filtration of the lymph
B Filtration of the blood
C Recycling of the iron
D Haemopoiesis

783. MALT are letters of

A Many Associated Lymphoid Tissues
B Most Associated Lymphoid Tissues
C Mucosa- Associated Lymphoid Tissues
D Miscellaneous Assembled Lymphoid Tissue

784. MALT have the following characters EXCEPT

A They have primary and secondary lymphatic nodules
B They are present in GIT, and respiratory and urinary systems
C They have thick capsules
D They have an immunological functions
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785. Adenoid is
A Hypertrophy of lingual tonsil
B Hypertrophy of pharangeal tonsil
C Hypertrophy of palatine tonsil
D Hypertrophy of Peyer's patch

786. Peyer's patch refers to diffuse lymphoid tissues in

A The tonsil
B The ileum
C The appendix
D All of the above

787. The function/s of the tonsils is/are

A Filtration of the blood
B Filtration of the lymph
C Filtration of both the inspired air and the ingested food
D Non of the above

788. "Z"-line is found in which of the following?

A The "I"-band
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