Nama : Nurfadhillah Aulia Nazhifan

Absen : 26

Kelas : XI MIPA 6

Ulangan Suhu dan Kalor (Mandiri hal 87-92)

1. Dik : T°F = 77°F

Dit : Setara dengan ?
Jawab :
°F → °C

°C = ( 59 ) × ( 77−32) ¿ 25°C
°F → °R

°R = ( 49 ) × ( 77−32) ¿ 20°R
°F → K

K= ( 59 ) × ( 77−32)+ 273 ¿ 298 K

(B dan C)
C
2. C = PF F =
F
TaC = 100°C TaF = 212°C
TbC = 0°C TbF = 32°C
Dit : besar suhu pada celcius dan pada farenheit?
Jawab :
C−TbC F−TbF
=
TaC−TbC TaF−TbF
C−0 F−32
=
100−0 212−32
C F−32
=
100 180
Besar suhu pada celcius :
C F−32
=
100 180
 c
C −32
= p
100
180
C C−32 P
=
100 180 P
180PC = 100 (C-32P)
180PC = 100C-32000
9PC = 5C-160P
160P = 5C-9PC
160P = (5-9P)C
160 P
C=
5−9 P
Besar suhu pada farenheit :
C F−32
=
100 180
PF F−32
=
100 180
180PF = 100F-3200
9PF = SF-160
160 = (5-9P) F
160
F=
5−9 P
160 160 P
Jawabannya adalah F = dan C = (E)
5−9 P 5−9 P
3. TaF = 212°C TaC = 100°C
TbF = 32°C TbC = 0°C
F=C
Jawab :
C−TbC F−TbF
=
TaC−TbC TaF−TbF
F−0 F−32
=
100−0 212−32
F F−32
=
100 180
 180TF = 100TF-3200
180TF -100TF = -3200
80TF = -3200
−3200
TF =
80
TF = - 40°C (C)
4. Dik : C = 27°C
C naik = 27°C
Dit : Suhu pada kelvin (K)
Jawab :
Suhu mula-mula nya
C k−273
=
5 5
C = K-273
27 = K-273
K = 27+273
K = 300K
Suhu kedua
C = 27+27 = 34°C
C = K-273
34 = K-273
K = 34+273
K = 327K
Suhu naik = 327-300 = 27K
Jadi, suhu mula-mula 300K, naik 27K (A)
5. C = 20°C
Ekuivalen dengan….
Jawab :
C F−32 C R
= = K = C + 273
5 9 5 4
20 F−32 20 R
= = K = 20 +273
5 9 5 4
4.9 = F – 32 4.4 = R K = 293K
36+32 = F R = 16°R
F = 68°F
 Yang berada di jawaban adalah 293K (D)
6. MA = MB
TA = 10 TAB = 16
TB = 20 TBC = 24
TC = 30 Dit : TAC = ?
Jawab :
Qlepas = Q terima (A dan B)
MB.CB.ΔT = MA.C.A ΔT
CB.ΔT = CA.ΔT
CB ( TB-TAB) = CA ( TAC-TA)
CB ( 20-16) = CA (TAB-TA)
4CB = 6CA
4
CB=CA
6
2
CA = CB
3
Qlepas = Q terima (B dan C)
MC.CC.ΔT = MB.CB. ΔT
CC ( TC-TBC) = CB ( TBC-TB)
CC ( 30-24) = CB ( 24-20)
6CC = 4CB
4
CB=CC
6
2
CC = CB
3
Qlepas = Q terima (A dan C)
MC.CC.ΔT = MA.CA. ΔT
2 2
CB (TC-TAC) = CB (TAC-TA)
3 3
30-TAC = TAC-10
30+10 = TAC+TAC
40 = 2TAC
TAC = 20°C (C)
7. Tb X = 20°X C = 30°C
TaX = 100°X TaC = 100°C TbC = 0°C
Dit : X = ?
 Jawab :
X−TbX C−TbC
=
TaX−TbX TaC−TbC
X−20 30−0
=
100−20 100−0
X−20 30
=
80 100
100X-2000 = 2400
100X = 2400+2000
100X = 4400
X = 44 ° X (D)
8. TbA = -30° TaC = 100°C
TaA = 90° TbC = 0°C
A = 60° C=?
Jawab :
A−TbA C−TbC
=
TaA−TbA TaC−TbC
60−(−30) C−0
=
90−(−30) 100−0
90 C
=
120 100
90.100 9000
C= = = 75°C (D)
120 120
9. (A) J/Kg°C
10. Dik : M1 = 1 gr M2 = 1 gr
T1 = 40°C T2 = 80°C
Dit : T campuran (TC) ?
Jawab;
Qlepas = Q terima
M2.C.ΔT = M1.C. ΔT
1 ( T2-TC) = 1 (TC- T1)
80-TC = TC-40
80+40 = TC+TC
2TC = 120
TC = 60°C (D)

11. (D) Kapasitas kalor

12. (D) Turun
13. C air = I kal/g°C
M1 = 2L
T1 = 100°C
TC = 40°C T2 = 25 °C
Dit : M2?
Jawab :
Qlepas = Q terima
M1.C air.ΔT = M2.C air. ΔT
2 ( T1-TC) = M2 (TC- T2)
2 ( 100-40) = M2 (40- 25)
120 = 15M2
M2 = 8L (B)

14. (D) Jenis benda

15. (B) Joule
16. C es = 0,5 kal/g°c Dit : T air?
L es = 80 kal/gr
M es = 10 gr
T es = 0°C
Q = 1000 kal
Jawab :
Q1 = M es . L es Q2 = Q-Q1
Q1 = 10.80 Q2 = 100-800
Q1 = 800 kal Q2 = 200 kal
Q2 = M es . C air . ΔT
200 = 10. 1 . (T air-T es)
200 = 10T air
T air = 20°C (C)
17. (E) Lambat naik suhunya jika dipanaskan
18. M es = a gr M air = b gr L = 80 kal/g TC = 5°C
T es = -15°C T es = 20°C C es = 0,5 kal/g°C
a
Dit : ?
b
Jawab :
Qlepas = Q terima
M air.C air.ΔT = M es.C es. ΔT + M es . L es + M es . C air . ΔT
b . 1 (T air- TC) = a . 0,5 (TC – T es) + a. 80 + a.1 (TC-0)
b (20-5) = 0,5a (5+15) + 80a + a (5-0)
15b = 10a + 80a + 5a
 15b = 95a
a 15 3
= = (E)
b 95 19
19. Dik : M = 0,2kg T = 25°C Ta2 = 75°C C = 840 J/kg°C
Dit : Q ?
Jawab :
ΔT = 75 – 25 = 50°C
Q = M.C. ΔT
Q = 0,2.840.50
Q = 8400 J (D)
20. L = 80 kal/g
Q = 6375 – 375 = 6000 kal
Dit : M?
Jawab :
Q = M.L
6000 = M.80
6000 = 80M
M = 75 gr (D)
21. (D) Titik embun
22. M1 = 75 gr M2 = 50 gr
T1 = 0°C T2 = 100°C
Dit : TC?
Jawab :
Qlepas = Q terima
M2.C.ΔT = M1.C. ΔT
M2.ΔT = M1. ΔT
50 (T2-TC) = 75 (TC-T1)
50 (100-TC) = 75 (TC-0)
5000-50TC = 75TC
5000 = 75TC+50TC
5000 = 125TC
TC = 40°C (B)
23. T es = 0°C Dit : M es?
M air = 600 gr
T air = 40°C
TC = 0 °C
C air = 1 kal/gr
L = 80 kal/gr
 Jawab :
Qlepas = Q terima
M air.Cair.ΔT = Mes.L
600.1 (T air-TC) = M es.80
600 (40-0) = 80M es
24000 = 80M es
M es = 300 gr
M es = 0,3 kg (A)
24. (E). 1 g air agar suhunya naik 1°C
25. TbX = 60°X R = 40°R
TaX = 260°C TbR = 0 °R
Dit : X? TaR = 80°R
Jawab :
X−TbX R−TbR
=
TaX−TbX TaR−TbR
X−60 40−0
=
260−60 80−0
X−60 40
=
200 80
80X-4800 = 8000
80X = 8000+4800
80X = 12800
X = 160°C (C)
26. (A) Ditambah garam
27. M es = E gr Dit : E?
T es = 0°C L = 80 kal/gr
M air = 330 gr C air = 1 kal/gr
T air = 20°C TC = 5° C
Jawab :
Qlepas = Q terima
M air.Cair.ΔT = Mes.L + M es.C es. ΔT
330.1 (20-5) = E.80 + E.0,5 (5-0)
4950 = 82,5E
E = 60 gr (A)
28. M teh = 20 gr Mg = 290 gr
T teh = T Tg = 20°C
 TC = 36°C Dit : T?
C teh = 8 Cg
Jawab :
Qlepas = Q terima
M teh.C teh.ΔT = Mg.Cg. ΔT
20.8Cg (T the-TC) = 290.Cg (TC-Tg)
20.8 (T teh-TC) = 290 (TC-Tg)
20.8 (T-36) = 290 (36-20)
160T-5760 = 4640
160T = 4640+5760
160T = 10400
T = 65°C (C)
29. M air = 60 gr M2 = 40 gr T air = 90°C T2 = 25°C
Dit : TC?
Jawab :
Qlepas = Q terima
Mair.C.ΔT = M2.C. ΔT
Mair.ΔT= M2. ΔT
60 ( T air-TC) = 40 (TC-T2)
60 (90-TC) = 40 (TC-25)
5400-60TC = 40TC-1000
5400+1000 = 40TC+60TC
64000 = 100TC TC = 64°C (D)
30. M es = 36 gr C es = 0,5 kal/k
T es= -6°C L es = 80 kal/g
Ta = 50°C C a = 0,58 kal/g°C
C = 27 kal/k
Dit : M a?
Jawab :
Qlepas = Q terima
M a.Ca .ΔT = (M es.C es. ΔT + M es. L es + M es. C air.ΔT )+ C. ΔT
M a. 0,58.42 = (36.0,5.6+36.80+36.1.8) + 27.14
24,36M a = 108 + 2880 + 288 + 378
24,36M a = 3654
M a = 150 gram (B)
31. Lo = 100 cm
T1 = 25°C T2 = 50°C
α = 19 × 10 -6
 Dit : ΔL?
Jawab :
ΔL = Lo.α.ΔT
ΔL = 100. 19 × 10 -6. (50-25)
ΔL = 475 × 10 -4
ΔL = 0,0475 cm (B)
32. T1 = 0°C L = 6 m = 6000 mm
T2 = 100°C T1´ = 0°C
ΔL = 1 mm T2´= 12°C
Lo = 1 m = 1000 mm
Dit : ΔL?
Jawab :
ΔL = Lo.α.ΔT
1 = 1000.α.(100-0)
1 = 100000α
α = 1 × 10 -5/°C
ΔL = L.α.ΔT
ΔL = 6000 (1 × 10 -5/°C) (12-0)
ΔL = 72 × 10 -2
ΔL = 0,72 mm (D)
33. T1 = 20°C T2 = 100°C
α = 1,1 × 10-7 /°C
β = 2 α = 2 (1,1 × 10-7 /°C) = 2,2 × 10-7 /°C
Ao = 22 = 4 m2
Dit = ΔA?
Jawab :
ΔA = Ao. β.ΔT
ΔA = 4. (2,2 × 10-7 /°C) (100-20)
ΔA = 8,8 × 10-7 /°C.80
ΔA = 70,4 × 10-6
ΔA = 704 × 10-7 = 0,0000704
Luas seluruhnya = Ao + ΔA
Luas seluruhnya = 4 + 0,0000704
Luas seluruhnya = 4,0000704 m2 (D)
34. Ao = 200.100 = 20000 cm2 = 2 m2
α = 1,8 × 10-6 /°C
β = 2 α = 2 (1,8 × 10-6 /°C) = 3,6 × 10-6 /°C
ΔT = 80-0 = 80°C
 Dit : ΔA?
Jawab :
ΔA = Ao. β.ΔT
ΔA = 2 . (3,6 × 10-6 /°C) . 80
ΔA = 57,6 × 10-5 m2 (E)
35. X = α
lo = Lo
ΔT = ΔT
Dit : zat yang pemuaiannya terbesar?
Jawab :
A. ΔL = Y.X.Z = YXZ (1)
B. ΔL = 2Y.2X.Z = 4YXZ (4)
1
C. ΔL = Y. X . Z=YXZ (1 )
2
1
D. ΔL = 2Y.3X. Z =3YXZ ( 3 )
2
1
E. ΔL = Z .2 X .3 Z=3 YXZ ( 3 )
2

Jadi, pemuaian terbesar adalah pada zat 2 (B)

36. (E) q=3 p

37. Isotermal = T sama
1
V2 = V 1
4
Dit : P2?
Jawab :
P 1. V 1 P 2. V 2
=
T1 T2
P1.V1 = P2.V2
1
1. V1 = P2 . V 1
4

4
P2 = 1. = 4 kali (C)
1

38. (C)
39. T1 = 27°C = 27 + 273 = 300K
T2 = 87°C = 87 + 273 = 360K
Tekanan tetap (P)
Dit : tambahan volume?
 Jawab :
P 1. V 1 P 2. V 2
=
T1 T2
V1 V2
=
T1 T2
V1 V2
=
300 360
360V1 = 300V2
360 6
V2 = V1 = V1
300 5
Tambahan volum = V2-V1
6 1
= -1= (A)
5 5
40. V1 = 100 cm3
T1 = 0°C = 0 + 273 = 273K T2 = 50°C = 50 + 273 = 323K
P1 = 1 atm P2 = 2 atm
Dit : V2?
Jawab :
P 1. V 1 P 2. V 2
=
T1 T2
1.100 2.V 2
=
273 323
100 2V 2
=
273 323
323.100
2V2 =
273
2V2 = 118,31
V2 = 59,2 cm3 (C)
41. V1 = 5L
P1 = 1 atm
T1 = 87°C = 87 + 273 = 360K T2 = 27°C = 27 + 273 = 300K
1 1 5
V2 = V 1 = .5=
2 2 2
Dit : P2?
Jawab :
 P 1. V 1 P 2. V 2
=
T1 T2
5
1.5 P 2.
= 2
360
300
5 2,5 P 2
=
360 300
1500 = 900P2
5
P2 = (A)
3
1 1
42. V1 = V V2 = V 1= V
2 2
P1 = P T2 = 4T
T1 = T
Dit : P2?
Jawab :
P 1. V 1 P 2. V 2
=
T1 T2
1
P . V P 2. V
= 2
T
4T
0,5 P 2
P=
4
4P = 0,5P2
4P
P2 = = 8P (A)
0,5
43. KA = 4KB TA = 50°C
AA = AB TB = 0°C
LA = LB
Dit : Ta?
Jawab :
Q Q
lepas = terima
t t
KA . AA . ΔT KB. AB . ΔT
=
LA LB
KA.ΔT = KB. ΔT
4KB (TA-Ta) = KB (Ta-0)
 4 (50-Ta) = Ta-0
200 – 4Ta = Ta
200 = Ta + 4Ta
5Ta = 200
Ta = 40°C (B)
44. (C) Emisivitas
45. T1 = T2
P2 = 2P1
Dit : V2?
Jawab :
P 1. V 1 P 2. V 2
=
T1 T2
P1.V1 = P2.V2
P1.V = 2P1.V2
V = 2.V2
1
V2 = V (D)
2
46. KB = 2KA
TA = 100°C
TB = 25°C
Dit : Ta?
Jawab :
Q Q
lepas = terima
t t
KA . AA . ΔT KB. AB . ΔT
=
LA LB
KA.ΔT = KB. ΔT
KA (TA-Ta) = KB (Ta-TB)
KA (100-Ta) = 2KA (Ta-25)
100-Ta = 2Ta-50
100+50 = 2Ta+Ta
3Ta = 150
Ta = 50°C (D)
47. AP = 2 AQ = 1
 LP = 4 LQ = 3
TP = TQ
Q
Dit : Rambatan kalor ( ¿?
t
Jawab :
Q KP. AP . ∆ TP
=
t LP
Q KQ . AQ . ∆ TQ
=
t LQ
AP 2
LP 4 2 3 6 3
= = . = =
AQ 1 4 1 4 2
LQ 3
=3:2 (B)
48. (D) Luas permukaan benda
49. TA = 110°C
TB = 40°C
1
KP = KQ
2
AC = 2CB
Dit : Ta?
Jawab :
Q Q
lepas = terima
t t
KP. AP . ΔT KQ . AQ . ΔT
=
LP LQ
KP. ΔT KQ . ΔT
=
LP LQ
1
KQ (TA−Ta) KQ(Ta−TQ )
2 =
LQ
2 LQ
1
(110−Ta ) Ta−40
2 =
1
2
55-0,5Ta = 2Ta-80
55+80 = 2Ta + 0,5Ta
 2,5Ta = 135
Ta = 54°C (C)
50. T1 = 30K
T2 = 20K
A = 200.150 = 30000 cm2 = 3 m2
L = 6 mm = 6 × 10-3 m
Tiap menit = 60s
Q
Dit : ?
t
Jawab :
Q K . A . ΔT P .3( 30−20) 30 P
= = × 60 = × 60 = 300 p × 10-3
t L 6 ×10−3
6 ×10−3
= 300.000 p kal
300.000
= = 300 p Kkal (E)
1000