Three-phase voltage source:

If all (3) diodes are ON simultaneously v_an = v_bn = v_cn short circuitnot exist!

If 2 diodes in 3 diodes are ON simultaneously v_an = v_bn  short circuitnot exist!

If no diodes are ON-not exist!

Only 1 diode is ON in one specified duration.

Assume that Diode D1 is ON, this means D2 and D3 are OFF.

D1 is forward-biased, D2 and D3 are reverse-biased.

V_A_D1 > V_K_D1; V_A_D2 <V_K_D2; V_A_D3<V_K_D3;

V_K_D1 = V_K_D2 =V_K_D3

V_A_D1 > V_A_D2, V_A_D1 > V_A_D3

V_an > V_bn, V_an > V_cn

V_an is maximum phase voltage

Resistive load
Full-controlled 3-phase node with RL load
Inductive load L
 : resistive load

: inductive load

Inductive load, consider

Assume that
Inductive load, with

Inductive load, with , load voltage is uncontrollable,

,
Resistive-Inductive load, with , load voltage is uncontrollable,

Resistive-Inductive load, with , load voltage is complicated to compute,

Step-down

: switching period [s], : switching frequency [Hz]

: Closed time = duration when switch S is turned ON [s]

: Open time = duration when switch S is turned OFF [s]

: duty ratio [-],

S: IGBT/BJT/GTO/MOSFET
 = 0.5ms, = 0.29ms, Vs = 200V

=?; , VO = ?

Step-up

: switching period [s], : switching frequency [Hz]

: Closed time = duration when switch S is turned ON [s]

: Open time = duration when switch S is turned OFF [s]

 : duty ratio [-],

S: IGBT/BJT/GTO/MOSFET

= 0.5ms, = 0.29ms, Vs = 200V

=?; , VO = ?
Bipolar square wave

Full-bridge single inverter

Two forbidden states:

Let switching period, (switching frequency is about several – several tens Hz)

Bipolar square wave

Outvoltage has many high-order harmonic signals.

Basic harmonic-signal (1st-order: f1 = f)

Higher-order (nth-order) harmonic signal (3rd, 5th , 7th… –orders, f3 = 3f, f5 = 5f, f7 = 7f,)

Write equation of 1st-order harmonic signal of output voltage:

Write equation of 3rd-order harmonic signal of output voltage/output current:

Total Harmonic Distortion:

 In practice, it is not good for operation in electrical system

Calculate average load power:

Half-bridge single-phase inverter

Let switching period, (switching frequency is about several – several tens Hz)
Output voltage has many high-order harmonic signals.

Basic harmonic-signal (1st-order: f1 = f)

Higher-order (nth-order) harmonic signals (3rd, 5th , 7th… –orders, f3 = 3f, f5 = 5f, f7 = 7f,..)

Write equations of 3rd-order harmonic signal of output voltage & output current:
Full-bridge Three-phase inverter

Let switching period, (switching frequency is about several – several tens Hz)

Assume that three phases are balanced:

Effective value of phase-to-neutral output voltage

Effective value of phase-to-phase output voltage

Output voltage has many high-order harmonic signals.

Basic harmonic-signal (1st-order: f1 = f)

Higher-order (nth-order) harmonic signals ( 5th , 7th, 11th , 11th –orders, f5 = 5f, f7 = 7f, f11 = 11f, f13 = 13f..)

Basic harmonic signal.

Total Harmonic Distortion