Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Regional Office IX, Zamboanga Peninsula

10 Z est for P rogress Z

eal

of P
artnership

English
Quarter 3 – Module 2:
Types of Literary Device

Name of Learner: ___________________________

Grade & Section: ___________________________
Name of School: ___________________________
English – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 2: Types of Literary Device
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or
office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for the exploitation of such work for a
profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of
royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Ivy Pilar A. Ancis

Editors: Cristina G. Columbres
Jovie R. Cruz, MAEd
Reviewer: Valeriafides G. Corteza, PhD
Layout Artist: Jovie R. Cruz, MAEd
Management Team:
Roy C. Tuballa, EMD.JD.CESO VI
Jay S. Montealto, CESO VI
Norma T. Francisco, DM
Mildred D. Dayao, Ed.D.
Valeriafides G. Corteza, PhD
Aida Coyme, Ed. D.

PrintedininthePhilippinesby ________________________
et – Region IX
Department of EducationRegion IX – Zamboanga Peninsula

Office Address: ____________________________________________

Office Address: Pres. Corazon C. Aquino Regional Government
____________________________________________
Center, Balintawak, Pagadian City, Zamboanga del
Telefax: ____________________________________________
Sur Province 7016
E-mail Address: ____________________________________________
Telefax: (062) 215-3753, 215-3751, 991-1907, 215-3789
E-mail Address: region9@deped.gov.ph
 What I Need to Know

Literary devices add creativity to stories and put a layer of meaning to narratives.
Learning about literary devices is important because writers use them to enhance their works
and create emotional impact.
For writers, their understanding and tactical use of these devices help them express
themselves clearly and meaningfully. For readers, these help them get immersed in the story
by how writers employ artistry in the use of literary devices in their works.
This module will help you learn more about the different literary devices and how
they are used to create meaningful sentences.
In this module, you are expected to explain the literary devices used by:
a. identifying literary devices used in sentences; and
b. describing literary devices used in the selection.

What I Know

A. Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.
1. ""Life is like a box of chocolates"" is an example of:
A. Simile
B. Metaphor
C. Onomatopoeia
D. Alliteration
2. Giving non-human objects human characteristics is called:
A. Allegory
B. Personification
C. Literary device
D. Colloquialism
3. Which of the following is an example of Alliteration?
A. She ate the cake in a hurry.
B. Her eyes are as bright as the stars.
C. Come and clean the chaos in your closet.
D. The smell reminded him of his childhood.
4. Which of these lines from a poem contains an example of Onomatopoeia?
A. "And find him; by the happy threshold, he"
B. "With Death and Morning on the silver horns."
C. "Or foxlike in the vine; nor cares to walk."
D. "The moan of doves in immemorial elms."
5. Which of the following is NOT an example of Euphemism?
A. Michael was sent to a correctional facility.
B. Shiela is a curvy woman. She's just got a little cold.
C. Her grandmother passed away this morning.
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 B. Identification
Directions: Identify what literary device is used in each of the following sentences.
Write your answer on a separate sheet.

_______________ 1. He was a real good guy ball-buster, the Deadpool of his time.
_______________ 2. I bid you adieu.
_______________ 3. She padded through the back door into her kitchen and filled her glass
with tap water. Dishes were piled in the sink, spilling onto the counter.
The window above the pile was dirty and smudged…
_______________ 4. The wind embraced the flowers and the flowers danced in return.
_______________ 5. His heart was as heavy as lead, weighed down by the memory of what
he had done.

Lesson

1 Types of Literary Device

Literary devices are various elements and techniques used in writing that construct the
whole of your literature to create an intended perception of the writing for the reader.
In your previous studies, you have probably learned about simile, metaphor, and
personification. While these are common types of literary devices, there are more literary
devices you can use to make your writing more creative, meaningful, and powerful in
comparison to others. Using these literary devices can make your writing stronger, better, and
effective.
Although there are hundreds of literary devices, in this module, you will learn the
most common but useful literary devices that writers often use in their literary works and
which you can also use to enhance and improve your writing techniques. You don't need to
use all of the literary devices to become good writers. Knowing what is available for you and
using it strategically can help your writing become stronger, thereby captivating your readers
more.

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 What's In

Directions: Study each item. Write A if you agree that the statement is correct and D if it is
otherwise. Write your answer on a separate sheet.

1. Literary devices involve figurative language and other literary techniques to

enhance one's writing.
2. Alliteration refers to words whose sounds mimic the natural sound or sounds
of an object.
3. The sentence "She ran like the wind" is an example of a metaphor.
4. "A loud bang woke me from my sleep" is an example of onomatopoeia.
5. The words gloomy, cheery, depressing, elated are examples of literary tone.
6. Flashbacks refer to words or hints that suggest that something will happen in
the story.
7. The use of going to instead of going to is an example of euphemism.
8. Juxtaposition happens when we place two contrasting elements side by side
for comparison.
9. The use of diction in a story tells us if the characters are educated, smart, or
foreigners from another country.
10. Big-boned is a metaphor for fat or overweight.

What's New

Fill in what is missing in each of the following statements. Clues are given. After
completing your answers, complete the mystery words with the encircled letters of your
answers. Write your answers on a separate sheet.

1. It refers to a device where the meaning of a greater, often abstract moral or political
concept is conveyed with the aid of more material objects or ideas being used as an
example.
__L ______R__
2. Its purpose is to substitute unpleasant and severe words with more gentle ones to mask
the harshness.
____P__ ______M
3. A device that depicts the occurrence of specific events that have taken place before the
present time the narration follows.
F____S____A __
4. The author uses words and phrases to create "mental or visual images" for the reader.
__M________

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5. It refers to a meaning or identity ascribed to one subject by way of another.
M____ ______
6. It is the perspective or attitude that the author adopts about a specific character, place,
or development.
__N__
7. It is a device where words are used in quick succession, and it begins with letters
belonging to the same sound group.
____LI__ __________N
8. This includes the author's mood, attitude, dialect, and style of writing
__ __ T __ __ ___

Mystery Words: __ I __ E __ __ R __ __ E V __ __ __ S

What Is It
A literary device refers to a literary technique used by the authors to
express their ideas and enhance their writing. The following are some
of the types of literary devices:

1. Allegory is a figure of speech where abstract ideas are described using characters,
events, or other elements.
Example:
One of the most famous works using allegory is George Orwell's Animal Farm.
The perceived story is about a group of farm animals who rise up and defeat
humans, but the underlying story is about the Russian Revolution.

2. Allusion is a literary device that references a person, place, thing, or event in the
real world.
Example: My sister is a real Scrooge when it comes to gift-giving. The reference is
to Ebenezer Scrooge in Charles Dicken's A Christmas Carol.

3. Alliteration is a literary device that uses the same letters or sounds at the beginning
of words in a sentence or title.
Example:
The Wicked Witch of the West went her own way. The ''W'' sound is repeated
throughout the sentence.

4. Colloquialism refers to expressions, words, and phrases used in informal, everyday

speech, including slang.
Examples: Gonna
– going to Be blue
– to be sad

5. Diction is a literary device that refers to the choice of words or style used by the
writer to convey their message.
Example:
I remember her hair in particular, because it was on fleek!

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6. Euphemism is a mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered
to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing.
Examples:
Gone to heaven – This is a polite way to say that someone is dead.

7. Flashbacks in literature occur when the narrator goes back in time for a specific
scene or chapter to give more context to the story.
Example:
A woman is about to get married. As she puts on her veil, she remembers her
fiancé three years before, swearing he would make her his wife someday. A tear
comes to her eye, and she prepares to walk down the aisle.

8. Foreshadowing happens when the author places elements within the writing that
give clues about what will happen in the story's future.
Example:
"The leaves fell early that year." This is a line in Ernest Hemingway's opening
line of A Farewell to Arms that foreshadows an early death.

9. Imagery refers to using visually descriptive or figurative language in your writing.

It is more like showing versus telling in writing where you use more sensory
language versus blunt, plain words.
Example:
The sunset was stunning as ever; the clouds were edged with pink and gold.

10. Juxtaposition means placing contrasting elements next to one another to emphasize
one or both, including words, scenes, or themes.
Example:
You will soon be asked to do great violence in the cause of good. – The Yellow
Birds by Kevin Powers

11. A metaphor compares two things that are NOT alike and replaces the word with
another word.
Example:
He was a statue waiting for the news.

12. Onomatopoeia is a word or phrase that shows you the sound something makes.
Since we can't hear books, this literary device is best used to paint a clear picture
and include the sense of hearing in your writing.
Example:
Lightning crackles, and thunder rumbles.

13. Personification is a literary device where you give human-like qualities to non-
human elements.
Example:
The newspaper headline glared at me.

14. A simile makes comparisons between two things that are NOT alike, and this
replaces the word with another word but uses "like" or "as" within it.
Example: He ran like a cat, lightly and quietly.

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 15. Symbolism is a literary device that uses symbols, may it be words, people, marks,
locations, or abstract ideas, to represent something beyond the literal meaning.
Example:
The color red can symbolize death, struggle, power, and passion.

16. The tone is something that conveys the narrator's opinion, attitude, or feelings
about what is written.
Some examples of literary tone are: airy, comic, condescending, facetious, funny,
heavy, intimate, ironic, light, playful, sad, serious, sinister, solemn, somber, and
threatening.
(Source: https://www.self-publishingschool.com/literary-devices/)
(Source: https://literary-devices.com/ )

What's More

Activity 1: MODIFIED MATCHING TYPE

Directions: Match the definition in Column A to its corresponding literary device in Column B,
then to its correct example sentence in Column C. The first one is done for you. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.

A B C
Giving animals and inanimate A. Personification 1. I hear the birds tweeting
A 21. objects human traits outside the window.
___ ___ 2. Words whose sound mimics B. Colloquialism 2. The flowers danced
natural sounds or sounds of an with the wind.
object
___ ___ 3. The use of informal words, C. Juxtaposition 3. Buzz off! I don't want
phrases, or even slang in a to see you here.
piece of writing
___ ___ 4. Toplacetwo concepts, D. Imagery 4. I stood there in a dark,
characters, ideas, or places near stormy cold night
or next to each other so that the waiting for him to
reader will compare and appear.
contrast them
___ ___ 5. The use of descriptive words to E. Onomatopoeia 5. His words are as sweet
show rather than tell by usually as sugar.
using sensory images
___ ___ 6. Uses "like" or "as" to show a F. Simile 6. When it rains, it pours.
comparison between two
different things

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Activity 2: NAME IT!
Directions: Name the device of each item. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

__________ 1. "His pointed nose, dark eyes, and squeaky voice scared the child."
__________ 2. “I’m a chicken when it comes to ghost stories.”
__________ 3. “The dark night whispered its secrets to the forest.”
__________ 4. "Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled pepper."
__________ 5. "Cecilia suddenly remembered, back in the day when she was still a young
girl…"
__________ 6. "And the trees all died. They were orange trees. I don't know why they died,
they just died… All these kids looking at these little brown sticks, it was
depressing."
__________ 7. “All is fair in love and war.”
__________ 8. “Thanks a bunch, buddy!”
__________ 9. "I left my purse at home, but luckily a Good Samaritan helped me out."
__________ 10. J.R.R.Tolkien's Lord of the Rings is interpreted as events in the World War I.

Activity 3: LITERATURE AND LITERARY DEVICES

Directions: Below are excerpts of poems and other literary selections. Identify what literary
device is used in each of the given selections. Write your answers on a separate sheet.

________________1. “Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore—

While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping…""
- ""The Raven"" by Edgar Allan Poe
________________2. Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,
And sorry I could not travel both
And be one traveler, long I stood
And looked down one as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth;
- ""The Road Not Taken"" by Robert Frost

________________3. The streets stank of manure, the courtyards of urine, the stairwells stank
of moldering wood and rat droppings, the kitchens of spoiled cabbage
and mutton fat; the unaired parlors stank of stale dust, the bedrooms of
greasy sheets, damp featherbeds, and the pungently sweet aroma of
chamber pots.
- Patrick Suskind

________________4. But, soft! what light through yonder window breaks? / It is the east, and
Juliet is the sun.
- ""Romeo and Juliet"" by William Shakespeare

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________________5. Arise, fair sun, and kill the envious moon,
Who is already sick and pale with grief,
- “Romeo and Juliet” by William Shakespeare

________________ 6. What’s the use you learning to do right when it’s troublesome to do
right and it ain’t no trouble to do wrong, and the wages is just the same?
-“The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn” by Mark Twain

Activity 4- GIVE THE MEANING

Directions: Give the meaning of the literary devices used in the following sentences. Write
your answers on a separate sheet.

1. Her fiancé is her real-life Romeo. Romeo, in this sentence, is an allusion that means:
____________________________.

2. All of my siblings are at least 5 feet tall; I’m the only one who is vertically challenged.
Vertically challenged is a euphemism for: ____________________________.

3. The company let their employee go because of unprofessionalism. Let go in this

sentence means: ____________________________.

4. If I stay another day in this house, I’ll go nuts! Go nuts is a colloquial term which
means: ____________________________.

5. If black symbolizes death or evil, white symbolizes _______________________.

6. Edgar Allan Poe’s “The Raven” is a symbolism for _____________________.

What I Have Learned

Directions: Complete the needed information in the table below. Write your answers on a
separate sheet.
Literary Device Definition Example
1. Giving a hint that something is In Shakespeare's Macbeth, a
going to happen witch is an omen that foretells
something bad will happen in
the future.
Allegory 2. In C.S. Lewis'' Chronicles of
Narnia, Aslan, the lion,
represents Christ in the Bible,
the rightful ruler of the
kingdom and the Savior of
all.

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3. A word that mimics or resembles 4.
the sound of the thing it describes.
5. It refers to words that start with 6.
the same sound and are repeatedly
used in a phrase or sentence.
Juxtaposition 7. When the cat is away, the
mouse will play.

Symbolism 8. A serpent can symbolize

betrayal and evil.

9. It is a literary device that refers to 10.

the choice of words or style used
by the writer to convey their
message.
Personification 11. 12.

What I Can Do

Poetry writing can be both a hobby and a profession. Practice your skills as a poet by writing
your own poem. Make use of the literary devices you learned in this lesson to enhance your
poem's style and creativity. Limit your poem to two to three (2-3) stanzas only. Be guided by
the rubric. Work on a separate sheet.
Poetry Writing Rubric
Exceeding Standards Meeting Approaching Below Standards
4 pts. Standards Standards 1 pt.
3 pts. 2 pts.
Meaning The poem is creative The poem is Most of the poem is Poems appear to
and and original. It is thoughtful and creative but appears be thoughtless or
Originality evident that the poet creative. A couple to be rushed. This is rushed. Work is
put thought into their of phrases or ideas evident in the poet's very repetitive,
words and uniquely may be revisited, redundancy or the use and ideas are
conveyed their ideas but the overall of clichés. unoriginal.
and emotions. product is
carefully written.
Literary Vivid literary devices Clear literary Some use of literary Literary devices
Devices are used that effectively devices are used to devices used failed to
Used enhanced the creativity portray ideas or create an impact
and style of the poem. emotions on the reader.
Form The poem is complete The poem is The poem is The poem is not
and follows its intended written in its somewhat written in written in its
form. proper form with a its proper form. proper form.
few mistakes.
(Source: https://www.rcampus.com/rubricshowc.cfm?sp=yes&code=J2359B)

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 ___________________________
Title

_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________

_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________

_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________

Assessment

Directions: Identify the literary device used in each of the following short passages. Choose
only the letter of the best answer. Write your answers on a separate sheet.
1. ""He always calls me his Darling Daughter Deza, and I am supposed to answer that he is my
Dearest Delightful Daddy. He calls Jimmie the Genuine, Gentle Jumpin'' Giant, and Jimmie's
supposed to call him his Fine Friendly Father Figure. Father also calls Mother the Marvelous
Mammalian Matriarch. Still, she says she won't respond because she refuses to play silly word
games with such a hardheaded husband who hasn't heard how horrible he is'".
(Source: http://www.readwritethink.org/files/resources/lesson_images/lesson31032/samples_literarydevices.pdf)
A. Allegory B. Alliteration C. Imagery D. Foreshadowing

2."If Mrs. Butler or Sam is talking to me, I can't hear either of them. The only thing I hear is
the sound of my own pulse pounding in my ears. The way it would if I'd run back—just the
boom-boom-boom of my heart and the strange swish of the sprinkler next door. A shush-shush
followed by a metallic rat-a-tat-tat. Like firecrackers going off".
(Source: http://www.readwritethink.org/files/resources/lesson_images/lesson31032/samples_literarydevices.pdf)
A. Flashback B. Metaphor C. Onomatopoeia D. Tone

3."A few blocks away, inside St.Joseph's Church, Gerald Coleman lay surrounded by
splintered boards. When he looked up, he could see the sky. The tall roof, shaped like an
upside-down V, was gone. The church's arched windows gaped glassless. Unseen by Gerald,
his friend Leo—the other altar boy—was trapped beneath a large wooden beam. Gerald
scrambled through a hole in the wall and ran for home".
(Source: http://www.readwritethink.org/files/resources/lesson_images/lesson31032/samples_literarydevices.pdf)
A. Imagery B. Juxtaposition C. Simile D. Symbolism

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4 "It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of
foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of
Light, it was the season of Darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair, we
had everything before us, we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to Heaven, we
were all going direct the other way – in short, the period was so far like the present period, that
some of its noisiest authorities insisted on its being received, for good or for evil, in the
superlative degree of comparison only"
(Source: http://www.readwritethink.org/files/resources/lesson_images/lesson31032/samples_literarydevices.pdf)
A. Colloquialism B. Diction C. Juxtaposition D. Symbolism

5." A man is about to give a speech to a large audience on biology. Suddenly, he remembers
playing with frogs and toads in his backyard as a curious child. He smiles at the memory and
then begins to speak to the audience about a new, groundbreaking finding about frogs"
(Source: https://literaryterms.net/)
A. Allegory B. Flashback C. Foreshadowing D. Tone

6."A butler spends his days in a beautiful mansion dressed in a tuxedo but returns home to a
closet-sized apartment in a rundown part of town."
(Source: https://literaryterms.net/)
A. Alliteration B. Diction C. Juxtaposition D. Personification
7. "All the world's a stage, and all the men and women merely players; they have their exits and their
entrances; one man in his time plays many parts."
(Source: https://examples.yourdictionary.com/)
A. Allusion B. Euphemism C. Imagery D. Symbolism

8. It seems to me, lulled by these monotonous shocks,

That somewhere they're nailing a coffin, in great haste.
For whom? - Yesterday was summer; here is autumn
That mysterious noise sounds like a departure.
A. Foreshadowing B. Juxtaposition C. Metaphor D. Simile

9. When you're dead, they really fix you up. I hope to hell when I do die; somebody has sense
enough to dump me in the river or something—anything except sticking me in the goddamn
cemetery. People are coming and putting a bunch of flowers on your stomach on Sunday,
and all that crap. Who wants flowers when you're dead? Nobody.
(Source: https://literary-devices.com/)
A. Colloquialism B. Juxtaposition C. Metaphor D. Symbolism

10. "This was the last fish we were ever to see Paul catch. My father and I talked about this
moment several times later, and whatever our other feelings, we always felt it fitting that,
when we saw him catch his last fish, we never saw the fish but only the artistry of the
fisherman."
(Source: https://literarydevices.net/ )
A. Allegory B. Diction C. Symbolism D. Tone

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 Additional Activities
Directions: Read each sentence and identify what type of literary device is being used. Write
only the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on a separate sheet.

A. Personification
1. He whiffed the aroma of brewed coffee. B. Imagery
C. Juxtaposition
A. Simile
2. That man is as strong as an ox. B. Metaphor
C. Onomatopoeia
3. What is the government doing? Why can't they A. Symbolism
control this pandemic? This is outrageous! B. Onomatopoeia
C. Tone
A. Simile
4. The new student is Newton in our class. B. Allegory
C. Allusion
A. Alliteration
5. Sara shopped some sandals for Sandy. B. Allusion
C. Allegory
6. James sees Anna enter the bookstore. And A. Foreshadowing
suddenly he is thrown back to a memory of long B. Flashback
ago of a girl with long black hair and brown eyes C. Metaphor
just like Anna's.
7. How they clang, and clash, and roar! A. Tone
What a horror they outpour. B. Diction
(Edgar Allan Poe's "The Bell") C. Onomatopoeia
8. Mother: Our trip to Baguio this summer is A. Diction
cancelled due to this pandemic. B. Tone
Daughter: Oh. I knew it. C. Imagery
9. I feel the tingling pain of my sunburned skin A. Imagery
brought by the scorching heat of the sun. Summer B. Simile
is indeed here. C. Juxtaposition
10. In Disney’s How the Grinch Stole Christmas, the A. Imagery
Grinch’s adopted parents explained why the B. Forehadowing
Grinch hates Christmas, then a scene was showed C. Flashback
that recalled what happened to him in his
childhood.

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References
Pope, Bella Rose."Literary Devices: 15 Literary Elements With Examples & Tips to Use
Them" Self Publishing School, April 29. 2020, self-publishingschool.com/literary-devices/.

NCTE, IRA."Samples of Literary Devices" ReadWriteThink, 2013,

www.readwritethink.org/files/resources/lesson_images/lesson31032/samples_literarydevices.p
df. "Importance of Literary Devices" accessed November 30, 2020,
https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-importance-of-literary-devices.

"Literary Devices Examples" accessed December 1, 2020, https://literary-devices.com/.

"Examples of Literary Devices" accessed December 1, 2020,
https://examples.yourdictionary.com "Literary Devices in Literature" accessed December 8,
2020, https://literaryterms.net/ "Poetry Writing Rubric" Reazon Systems, Inc., accessed
December 8, 2020, https://www.rcampus.com/rubricshowc.cfm?sp=yes&code=J2359B.

Development Team

Writer: Ivy Pilar A. Ancis

Talisayan National High School
Zamboanga City

Editors/QA: Cristina G. Columbres

Jovie R. Cruz, MAEd

Reviewer: Valeriafides G. Corteza, PhD

Education Program Supervisor

Layout Artist: Jovie R. Cruz, MAEd

Management Team:
Roy C. Tuballa, EMD, JD, CESO VI
Jay S. Montealto, CESO VI
Norma T. Francisco, DM
Mildred D. Dayao, Ed.D.
Valeriafides G. Corteza, PhD
Aida Coyme, Ed. D.

14