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INTRODUCTION TO
STRUCTURAL STEEL DESIGN
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Steel Structures Samples:
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Steel Structures Samples:
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Steel Structures Samples:
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Steel Structures Samples:
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Steel Structures Samples:
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Steel Structures Samples:
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Steel Structures Samples:
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Steel Structures Samples:
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Advantages of steel as a structural material

 High strength-load carrying capacity

 Uniformity
 Elasticity
 Ductility
 Toughness
 Geometric Flexibility
 Miscellaneous
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Disadvantages of steel as a structural material

 Maintenance costs
 Fireproofing costs
 Susceptibility to buckling
 Fatigue
 Brittle Failure
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Stress-Strain Relationships in Structural Steel
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Derivation/Definition of each point in the graph:

𝑭
 Stress -
𝑨

(𝑳 𝑳𝒐 )
 Strain -
𝑳𝒐

 Elasticity
 Plasticity
 Hooke’s Law
𝝈
 Young’s modulus of elasticity –
𝜺
𝟏
 Modulus of Resilience –
𝟐
 Modulus of Toughness
 14 Structural Steel
 Plain Carbon Steel (ASTM A36)  Low-Alloy Steel (ASTM A572 Grade 50)

 High-Alloy Steel (ASTM A992)

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Standard Cross-Sectional Shapes

 Hot-rolled-molten steel

 Cold-formed
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The work of the structural engineer

 Arranges and proportions structures and their parts

 Studies structural forms that can be used
 Determine loading conditions
 Analyzes stresses and deflection
 Design of structural members
 Prepares the design drawings and specifications
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Responsibilities of the structural engineer

 Design
 Safety
 Investigation
 Cost
 Communication
 Practicality
 Management
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Economical Design of Steel Members

 Material Costs VS Labor Costs

 Open communications between designers, fabricators, erectors, etc.
 Select steel sections which are easily rolled
 Consider uniformity of sizes
 Consider overall building height in selection depth of members
 Select beam spacing to reduce number of members to be fabricated
 Paint should be applied only if required
 Repeating section to reduce detailing, fabrication, and erection costs
 Consider transportation cost and related problems for large sections
 Easy maintenance/accessibility
 Consider aesthetic appearance of structure
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Failures of Structures

 Insufficient attention to details

 Omit to estimate deflections
 Erection problems
 Foundation settlement
 Improper use
 Failure to consider forces such as twisting in connections, bending in
truss members
 Insufficient bearing or anchorage
 Inadequate provision for drainage on roof
 Fatigue of members
 Inadequate bracing system
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Calculation Accuracy

 Structural design is not an exact science

 Fictitious sense of precision

Use of computers in structural steel design

 Increase computational efficiency

 Reduce the engineer’s “feel” for the structure
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THE END