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  • Chemistry Topic 5, 6 and 7 Revision Notes

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    Aaqib UlHaq
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    Nanoparticles have various uses including in sunscreen where zinc oxide nanoparticles are small enough to not be seen, in socks and plasters using silver nanoparticles, and in self-cleaning windows where titanium oxide nanoparticles react with dirt to break it down. Potential dangers of nanoparticles include inhaling or absorbing them through the skin. Different materials like glass, clay, and metals have distinct properties - glass is transparent while clay is opaque, metals are usually shiny, and their melting points and ability to conduct heat and electricity varies. Fermentation uses yeast enzymes to convert sugar into ethanol and carbon dioxide through a chemical reaction.

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    Chemistry topic 5, 6 and 7 revision notes

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    Nanoparticles have various uses including in sunscreen where zinc oxide nanoparticles are small enough to not be seen, in socks and plasters using silver nanoparticles, and in self-cleaning windows where titanium oxide nanoparticles react with dirt to break it down. Potential dangers of nanoparticles include inhaling or absorbing them through the skin. Different materials like glass, clay, and metals have distinct properties - glass is transparent while clay is opaque, metals are usually shiny, and their melting points and ability to conduct heat and electricity varies. Fermentation uses yeast enzymes to convert sugar into ethanol and carbon dioxide through a chemical reaction.

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    3 views2 pages

    Chemistry Topic 5, 6 and 7 Revision Notes

    Uploaded by

    Aaqib UlHaq
    Nanoparticles have various uses including in sunscreen where zinc oxide nanoparticles are small enough to not be seen, in socks and plasters using silver nanoparticles, and in self-cleaning windows where titanium oxide nanoparticles react with dirt to break it down. Potential dangers of nanoparticles include inhaling or absorbing them through the skin. Different materials like glass, clay, and metals have distinct properties - glass is transparent while clay is opaque, metals are usually shiny, and their melting points and ability to conduct heat and electricity varies. Fermentation uses yeast enzymes to convert sugar into ethanol and carbon dioxide through a chemical reaction.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Nanoparticles

    Uses of Nanoparticles:

    Uses Nano Substances Comments


    Sunscreen Zinc Oxide Small enough not to be seen
    Socks and plasters Silver Silver, nanoparticles
    Self-cleaning windows Titanium oxide Reacts with dirt to break it.
    Stained glass windows Gold silver and other metal Interact with light and
    different colours

    Dangers of nanoparticles include inhaling into the body and entering the body through our skin cells.

    Different materials/ polymers

    Glass Clay Metals


    Appearance Transparent Opaque Shiny
    Melting point High High High
    Malleable or brittle Brittle Brittle Malleable
    Ability to conduct Poor Poor Good
    electricity
    Ability to conduct heat Poor Poor Good

    Alcohols and carboxylic acids

    Alcohols
    Fermentation

    During fermentation, sugar (glucose) from plant material is converted into ethanol and carbon
    dioxide. This typically takes place at temperatures of around 30°C. The enzymes found in single-
    celled fungi (yeast) are the natural catalysts that can make this process happen:

    Yeast

    The formula for fermentation is glucose  ethanol + carbon dioxide

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