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by :: Heri
Heri Reksa
Reksa S.Pd.
S.Pd.
Chemistry
Chemistry Teacher
Teacher
SMAN 11 Bogor
SMAN Bogor

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 Objective of this lesson
1. Differentiating mixture into suspension,
colloid and solution and concluding it’s
differences .
2. Explain 8 types colloid system bases on
dispersed and dispersing medium phases.
3. Grouping colloid that is in environment go
to colloid type.
4. Characteristic of colloid
5. How to make colloids

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 Definition
“Colloid” is a word from Greek which means is
like sticky glue” (Thomas Graham, a Scotland's)
But now Colloid word use to determine some
mixture with certain typical

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 Differences
There are three types of mixture which are:
solution, colloid and suspension.
Each type has character and marking that variably,
In following table;
Character Solution Colloid Suspension
Mixed form Homogeneous Appear Heterogeneous
homogeneous
Microscope watch Homogeneous Heterogeneous Heterogeneous

Filtration is with Can't Can't be Filtered Can be Filtered

Filter paper Filtered But with Ultra fine
paper

Dispersed system molecular Granule particle Crude particle

Particle measure <1 nm 1 nm – 100 nm > 100 nm
Total Phase One One Two
Stability Stable Relative Stable Very unstable Next
 Colloid definition
Shortly We can define
“is Heterogenic mixture but seem
homogeny”

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 Types of Colloid
Colloids types is differenced based on substance phases that dispersed
and dispersing medium substance phase.
Available eight colloid types, indicate by following table;
Type dispersed Dispersing Colloid
N0. Colloid Substance Medium ( to see Pictures, Click on each type )
phase Substance
phase
1. Solid Sole Solid Solid Metal alloy; Bronze, brass, stainless steel,
nichrome, colored glass, concrete, etc.
2. Sole Solid liquid Starch, glue, slime, paint, ink, gold sole,
brimstone sole, etc.
3. Solid Aerosol Solid Gas Many dust, smog, fire distinguiser powder,
etc.
4. Solid liquid Solid Pearl, cheese, butter, gel, gelatin, tofu,
emulsion glazer, etc..
5. Emulsion liquid liquid Coconut milk, milk, lotion, mayonnaise,
medicine syrup, etc..
6. Aerosol liquid Gas Cloud/Fog, sprayer of; hair, perfume,
pesticide, paint, etc.
7. Solid Foam Gas Solid Styrofoam, rubber foam, pumice stone,
bread, sponge, cake, etc.
8. Foam Gas liquid Soap foam, fire extinguisher foam, beer
scum, churning cream, milk shake etc. Next
 Colloid Characters
(Many coloids have several Characteristics and
Click one another have other characteristics too)

1. Brownian movement 9. Stability

2. Tyndale’s effect 10. Elastis
3. Electrophoresis 11.....
4. Adsorption
5. Coagulation
6. Dialysis
7. Liophylic / liophobic
8. Protecting colloid
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 How to Make Colloids
Colloid can be made by two types of way:
Click one

1.Dispersion type
2.Condensation type
Exercise
No. 1
Some thing that colloidal system is
A. Sugar
B. Some salt solution
C. Silver
D. Air
E. pumice stone

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Exercise
No. 2
Colloids can purified by…
A. Crystallization
B. Distillation
C. Dialysis
D. Evaporation
E. Filtration

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Exercise
No. 3
Pearl colloidal system dispersion …
A. Solid in liquid
B. Solid in Solid
C. Liquid in Solid
D. Solid in gas
E. Gas in Solid

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Exercise
No. 4
On DNA analytical using colloid characteristic :
A. Tyndall Effect
B. Coagulation
C. Adsorption
D. Electrophoresis
E. Liophylic

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 Exercise
No. 5
Making colloids below, than include in condensation type is ........
A. As2S3 sole made by flowed through H2S gas into As2O3 solution
B. Gelatin sole made by pouring hot water into gelatin powder
C. Al(OH)3 sole made by liquefying Al(OH)3 solid into water
D. Gold sole made by sparkling electric from gold electrode in water
E. Sulfur sole made by grinding sulfur powder and sugar than
dissolve into water

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Back
Back
See you

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Solid Sole

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Sole

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Solid Aerosol

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 Solid emulsion

Cheese pearl

Gel Back
Tofu
Emulsion

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Aerosol

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Solid foam

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Foam

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 Brownian movement

Particle of colloid moves dissipatedly caused by

impacts of the dispersed particle with dispersing
medium particle.
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 Tyndale’s effect
The definition of Tyndale’s effect is the dispersion of light by colloid

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 Electrophoresis
Electrophoresis is movement of colloid particle to the opponent
electrodes, application of electrophoresis is :
- DNA Analysis Click here to see video
- Cottrell funnel
 DNA Analysis
Simple Electrophoresis Device

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 Adsorption
Colloidal particle can adsorb other particle but just in the surface

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Coagulation

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 Dialysis
Dialysis is movement of ions within colloid,
through semi permeable membrane, but
colloid particle can not pass through.
This characteristic use to purify colloid

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Liophylic / liophobic

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 Liophyilic
Liophilic is colloid that likes fluids, however the
Liophilic is colloid that likes water called Hydrophilic
Example :
1. Jelly
2. Starch solution
3. Paint
4. Gelatin
5. Egg white (Albumin)
Liophilic (Hydrophilic) if added by fluid/water will
get thinner, if the fluid/water diminished will become
thicker (reversible)
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 Liophobic
Liophobic is the colloid that dislikes fluids,
Liophobic colloid that dislike water called
Hydrophobic
example :
1. Mud
2. Gold Sole
3. Brimstone Sole
4. As2S3 Sole
5. Fe(OH)3 Sole
6. Water-fat emulsion (milk)
Liophobic (Hydrophobic) colloid if added
fluid/water will be gravitate but if the fluid/water
diminished will not become colloid again
(ireversible) Back
 Protecting colloid
Some colloids can protect stability of other
colloid such as:
- Gelatin keeps ice cream milky
- Casein keeps milk and coconut milk
stable in storage

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 Dispersion Type
Dispersion type is the process of making
colloids from big particle into colloidal
particle.
This group way consists of:
1.Mechanical
2.Bredig bow
3.Peptidase
4.Homogenize
 Bredig bow
Bredig bow is to make gold sole/silver sole
by using electric current that connected to
gold/silver wire and dyed it into water

Click here to See video

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 Mechanical
Large particle of substance can be made
into colloids particle by:
1.Grilling
2.Milting
3.Blending
4.Etc.

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 Peptidase
Peptidase is making colloid particle from
granule molecule peptized it by certain
molecule, example:
1. Solid Gelatin can change into colloid gelatin
by adding H2O molecule
2. Sediment Al(OH)3 in water can be peptized
by AlCl3 solution, become colloid.
3. selulosa asetate powder can be peptized by
aseton Back
 Homogenize
Homogenize can do by
• Mechanical Using: blender, mixer, stirrer.
• Adding homogenizer agent such as:
- adding gelatin to make ice cream stable
- adding casein to make milk/coconut
milk stable in storage
- adding soap to unite water and grease
However blender, mixer, stirrer always
need to make colloids
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 Condensation Type
Condensation type is to make colloids
particle from fine particle (solution) into
colloidal particle, there are 4 ways ;
1. Red-ox reaction
2. Hydrolysis reaction
3. Salting reaction
4. Solvent dismissing

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 1. Redoks reaction
- Making sole sulfur by reacting Na2S2O3 solution with
HCl solution, the equation is:
Na2S2O3(aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2SO3(aq) + S(s)

- Making gold sole by reacting AuCl3 solution FeSO4

solution or with formadehid solution, the equation is:
AuCl3(aq) + 3 FeSO4(aq) → Au(s) + FeCl3(aq) + Fe2(SO4)3(aq)
2 AuCl3(aq) + 3 HCOH(aq) + 3 H2O(l) → 2 Au(s) + 6 HCl(aq) + 3 HCOOH(aq)

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

2. Hydrolysis Reaction
Hydrolysis is reaction with water molecule,
colloid that make by hydrolysis ;
- Al(OH)3 sole made by disolve AlCl3 with water,
the equation is:
AlCl3(aq) + 3 H2O → Al(OH)3(s) + 3 HCl(aq)

- Fe(OH)3 sole made by dissolving FeCl3 with

hot water, the equation is:
FeCl3(aq) + 3 H2O(l) → Fe(OH)3(s) + 3 HCl(aq)
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 3. Salting reaction
For certain condition colloid can made from little
solubility salt, example :
- AgCl salt colloid made by this equation
AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq) → AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)

-BaSO4 salt colloid made by this equation

Na2SO4(aq) + Ba(NO3)2(aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2 NaNO3(aq)

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 4. Solvent Dismissing
Some colloid can be made by dismissing
solvent (solution get dense) adding substance
that can strap the solvent, example :
– Calsium asetat gel made by adding alkohol into
saturated calsium asetat solution.
– Sulfur sole can made by adding etanol into
saturated sulfur solution.
– adding alkohol into phenolphtalein solution will
caused phenolphtalein become colloid.(white color)

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