BEHAVIORISM – change IVAN PAVLOV – Classical Conditioning

ESSENTIALISM – basic JEAN PIAGET – Cognitive

EXISTENTIALISM – choice FROEBEL - Father of Kndrgrtn

HUMANISM – build PEZTALLOZI – realia, Froebel’s protégé

IDEALISM – enough in mind JEROME BRUNER – Instrumental Conceptualism

PERRENIALISM – constant JOHN DEWEY – learning by doing

PRAGMATISM - practice (T&E) JOHN LOCKE – Tabula Rasa (blank sheet)

PROGRESSIVISM – improve KOHLERS – Insight Learning

REALISM – enough to see LAURENCE KOHLBERG – Moral Development

UTILITARIANISM - best LEV VGOTSKY – Social Cognitivist, Scaffolding

SOCIAL RECONSTRUCTIVISM – benefit of all SIGMUND FREUD – Psychosexual

AIMS OF ERAS WILLIAM SHELDON – Physiological

PRE-SPANISH – survival and conformity PRINCIPLES OF EDUCATION

SPANISH – Christianity HEDONISM – pleasure principle

AMERICAN – democratic ideals and way of life DOUBLE EFFECT – sacrifice for the good or bad

COMMONWEALTH – moral character, efficiency FORMAL COOPERATION – cooperation with will

JAPANESE – progress LESSER EVIL – choice of the less one from two bad things

PROF. ED PROPONENTS MATERIAL COOPERATION – cooperation without will

B.F. SKINNER – Operant Conditioning FREUD’S PSYCHOSEXUAL/PSYCHOANALYTICAL THEORY

BANDURA – Modeling 1. ORAL (0-1 yrs. old) – Infant

BANDURA & WALLACE – Social Learning 2. ANAL (1-3 yrs. old) – Toddler

CARL JUNG – Psychological 3. PHALLIC – Preschool

CONFICIUS – Education for all, Golden Rule 4. LATENCY – School Age

EDWARD THORNDIKE – Connectionism 5. GENITAL – Adolescense

ERICK ERIKSON – Psychosocial OEDIPUS – son to mom

ELECTRA – daughter to dad RA 7743 – establishment of public libraries

LAWS IN EDUCATION RA 7877 – “Anti Sexual Harassment Act of 1995”

PRC BR 435 – Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers RA 7880 – “Fair and Equitable Access to Education Act”

PD 1006 – Decree Professionalizing Teachers RA 8049 – Anti-Hazing Law

RA NO. 1425 – inclusion of the works of Jose Rizal RA 8187 – Paternity Act

RA NO. 4670 – “Magna Carta for Public School Teacher” RA 10627 – Anti-Bullying

RA 7722 – CHED SB 1987 ART. 14 SEK. 6-9 – FILIPINO (National Language)

RA 7796 – “TESDA Act of 1994” BRUNER’S THREE MODES OF REPRESENTATION

RA 7836 – Phil. Teachers Professionalization Act of 1994 1. ENACTIVE (0-1 yrs. old) – action-based information

RA 9155 – BEGA (Basic Educ.) or DepEd Law 2. ICONIC (1-6 yrs. old) – image-based information

RA 9293 – Teachers Professionalization Act 3. SYMBOLIC (7+) – code/symbols such as language

RA 10533 – K-12 Law TAXONOMY OF OBJECTIVES

ACT NO. 2706 – “Private School Law” COGNITIVE:

COMMONWEALTH ACT NO. 578 – “persons in authority” BLOOM (LOTS) ANDERSON (HOTS)

KAUTUSANG PANGKAGAWARAN BLG 7 - PILIPINO NatlLng o Knowledge

PROKLAMA BLG 12 - Linggo ng Wika (Balagtas,Mr29-Ap4) o Comprehension

PROKLAMA BLG. 186 – Linggo ng Wika (Quezon,Ag13-19) o Application

PROKLAMA BLG. 1041 – Buwan ng Wika (Ramos) o Analysis

PHIL. CONSTITUTION ACT 14 – ESTACS o Synthesis

RA 1079 – no limit of Civil Service eligibility o Evaluation o Remembering

RA 6655 – “Free Public Secondary Educ. Act of 1988” o Understanding

RA 6728 – “Act Providing Government Assistance to o Applying

Students and Teachers in Private Education o Analyzing

RA 7277 – Magna Carta for PWD o Evaluating

RA 7610 – Anti-Child Abuse Law (Amendment: RA 9231) o Creating

AFFECTIVE: Exhibit

o Receiving Demonstration

o Responding Collaborative Work

o Valuing Simulation

o Organizing Real thing

o Characterization ERIKSON’S PSYCHOSOCIAL TASKS

PSYCHOMOTOR: 1. TRUST VS. MISTRUST (0-12 months)

SIMPSON HARROW 2. AUTONOMY VS. SHAME/DOUBT (1-3 years old)

o Perception 3. INITIATIVE VS. GUILT (3-6 years old)

o Set 4. INDUSTRY VS. INFERIORITY (6-12 years old)

o Guided Response 5. INDENTITY VS. ROLE CONFUSION (12-18 years old)

o Mechanism 6. INTIMACY VS. ISOLATION (early 20s-early 40s

o Complex Overt Response 7. GENERATIVITY VS. STAGNATION (40s-mid 60s)

o Adaptation 8. INTEGRITY VS. DESPAIR (mid 60s-death)

o Origination o Reflex movement PIAGET’S COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT THEORY

o Fundamental Movement 1. SENSORY – senses

o Physical Movement 2. PRE-OPERATIONAL - imagination

o Perceptual Abilities 3. CONCRETE 4. FORMAL

o Skilled Movements GENERATIONS OF COMPUTER

o Non-discursive communication 1. VACUUM TUBES (1940-1956)

DALES CONE OF EXPERIENCE 2. TRANSISTORS (1956-1963)

Read 3. INTEGRATED CIRCUITS (1964-1971)

Hear 4. MICROPROCESSORS (1971-present)

Picture 5. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (present-future)

Video MISTAKEN GOALS

1. ATTENTION SEEKER – “teacher, notice me” 0.41-0.60 MODERATELY DIFFICULT

2. REVENGE – “teacher, I am hurt” 0.61-0.80 EASY

3. POWER-SEEKING – “teacher, may I help?” 0.81-1.00 VERY EASY

4. INADEQUACY – “teacher, don’t give up on me” POSITIVELY SKEWED (LEFT FOOT)

5. WITHDRAWAL – “teacher, please help me” - low scores, mean greater than mode

KOHLBERG’S THEORY OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT NEGATIVELY SKEWED (RIGHT FOOT)

LEVEL 1: PRE-CONVENTIONAL MORALITY - high scores, mean is lower than mode

Stage 1: Obedience and Punishment Orientation HORN/HALO EFFECT

Stage 2: Individualism and Exchange - overcoming other trait, either bad/good

LEVEL 2: CONVENTIONAL MORALITY GENERAL EDUCATION

Stage 3: Good Interpersonal Relationships FILIPINO/ENGLISH:

Stage 4: Maintaining the Social Order MGA TEORYA NG PINAGMULAN NG WIKA

LEVEL 3: POST-CONVENTIONAL MORALITY 1. BOW-WOW –kalikasan at hayop

Stage 5: Social Contract and Individual Rights 2. DING-DONG – bagay

Stage 6: Universal Principles 3. POOH-POOH – masidhing damdamin

CENTRAL TENDENCY -Central (middle location) Tendency 4. YOHEHO – pwersang pisikal

MEAN – Average MODE – most occurring FILIPINO POETS AND PEN NAMES

RANGE – highest score minus lowest score BENVENIDO SANTOS – American Culture Writings

LOW SD–Homogenous, scores near to mean(almost same) DANIEL DEFOE – “Robinson Crusoen” (novel)

HIGH SD – Heterogenous, scores far to mean (scattered) EDILBERTO TIEMPO – made “Cry Slaughter” that has been

DECILE – 10 grps (D1…D10) QUARTILE – 4 grps (Q1…Q4) translated many times

SUSPENSION – time REVOKATION – condition ERNEST HEMINGWAY – Ring Lardner Jr.

DIFFICULTY INDEX JOSE GARCIA VILLA – “Comma Poet”, Dove G. Lion

0-0.20 VERY DIFFICULT MIGUEL DE CERVANTES/ESCALANDE - Masterpiece is

0.21-0.40 DIFFICULT “Don Quixote” that is most influential

NICK JOAQUIN – Quijano de Manila 1. EKSISTENSYAL – mayroong isa o higit pang tao

– Spanish Culture Writing Halimbawa: Mayroon daw puno sa bakuran.

PAZ MARQUEZ BENITEZ – made “Dead Stars” that is the 1st 2. MODAL – nais/pwede/maari (Gusto ko matulog.)

modern English short story 3. PANLIPUNAN – pagbati, pagbigay galang atbp.

SAMUEL LANGHORNE CLEMENS – Mark Twain 4. SAGOT LAMANG – “Talaga?”, “Oo”

- “Adventures of Tom Sawyer” 5. SAMBITLA – masidhing damdamin (Aray!)

- “Adventures of Huckleberry Finn” (best novel) 6. TEMPORAL – panandaliang kalagayan o panahon

SINTAKS/SINTAKSIS/PALAUGNAYAN KAYARIAN:

- sangay ng barirala na tumatalakay sa masistemang pagkaka-ayus-ayos ng mga 1. PAYAK – iisang kaisipan

salita sa pagbuo ng mga parirala at pangungusap

2. TAMBALAN – dalawang sugnay na ‘di makapag-iisa

PEN NAMES OF FILIPINO PROTAGONISTS

3. HUGNAYAN – madalas nagsisimula sa kung, dahil sa

ANDRES BONIFACIO – May Pag-asa, Agapito

4. LANGKAPAN – mahabang pangungusap

Bagumbayan
MGA URI NG KWENTO

ANTONIO LUNA – Taga-Ilog

1. PABULA (fable) – hayop

EMILIO AGUINALDO - Magdalo

2. PARABULA (parable)– Bibliya

EMILIO JACINTO – Di Masilaw, Tingkian

3. ANEKDOTA (anecdote) – tunay na buhay

GRACIANO LOPEQ JAENA – Diego Laura

4. MITOLOHIYA (myth) – diyos at diyosa (pinagmulan)

JOSE MA. PANGANIBAN ¬– JoMaPa

ASPEKTO NG PANDIWA (Verb)

JOSE RIZAL – Dimas alang, Laon laan

1. PERPEKTIBO – tumakbo

JUAN LUNA – Buan

2. IMPERPEKTIBO – tumatakbo

MARCELO DEL PILAR – Plaridel, Dolores Manapat,

3. KONTEMPLATIBO – tatakbo

Piping Dilat
KAANTASAN NG PANG-URI (Adjective)

MARIANO PONCE – Tikbalang, Naning (Satanas),

1. LANTAY – walang pinaghahambingan

Kalipulako
2. PAHAMBING ¬– inihahalintulad

MGA URI NG PANGUNGUSAP

3. PASUKDOL – nangingibabaw (H: pinakamataas)

WALANG PAKSA:
MGA URI NG TULA 3. PANAKLAW/INDEFINITE P. - isa, all, anyone etc.

1. PATULA (Moro-moro) 4. PATULAD – ganito, ganyan atbp.

2. PASALAYSAY (Epiko, Awit, Korido) 5. PANANONG/INTERROGATIVE P. – sino, when etc.

MGA AWITING BAYAN 6. PAMANGGIT/RELATIVE P. – daw, umano, which, who

1. DALIT/HIMNO – pagsamba sa anito o pang-relihiyon MGA AKDANG NA MAY IMPUWENSYA SA MUNDO

2. DIONA – kasal AKLAT NG MGA ARAW – China (by Confucius)

3. DUNG-AW – patay (pagdadalamhati) AKLAT NG MGA PATAY – Egypt cults & myths (by Osiris)

4. KALUSAN – paggawa AWIT NI ROLANDO-France (by Doce Pares, Roncesvalles)

5. KUMINTANG – tagumpay (pandigma) BIBLIYA – Palestino at Greece

6. KUNDIMAN – pag-ibig CANTEBURY TALES – Kingdom of England (by Geoffrey Chaucer) 14th century

7. OYAYI – pagpapatulog ng bata DIVINE COMEDIA – Italy (by Dante)

8. SOLIRANIN – pagsasagwan EL CID COMPEADOR – katangian at history ng Spain

9. TALINDAW – pamamangka ILIAD o ODYSSEY – Myths of Greece made by Homer.

PAGBABAGONG MORPONEMIKO ISANG LIBO’T ISANG GABI – Ugali sa Arabia at Persia

1. ASIMILASYON – Parsyal (pangsukli), Ganap (panukli) KORAN – Arabia (Muslim Bible) MAHABRATA – India

2. MAY ANGKOP – wikain mo – “kamo” UNCLE TOM’S CABIN – about slaves that becomes the basis of democracy. (by

Harriet Beecher Stowe of U.S.)

3. MAYSUDLONG/PAGDARAGDAG NG PONEMA

MGA URI NG PANITIKAN

- muntik – muntikan, pagmuntikan, pagmuntikanan

1. TULUYAN – binubuo ng mga pangungusap

4. METATESIS – linipad – nilipad

A. NOBELA – binubuo ng mga kabanata

5. PAGKAKALTAS NG PONEMO – takipan – takpan

B. DULA – pagtatanghal sa entablado

6. PAGLILIPAT-DIIN – laRUan (playground) - laruAN (toy)

MGA DULANG PANLIBANGAN:

7. PAGPAPALIT NG PONEMA – madapat – marapat

a. TIBAG – Sta. Elena

MGA URI NG PANGHALIP/PRONOUNS

b. LAGAY – Pilarenos ng Sorsogon

1. PANAO/PERSONAL PRONOUN – ako/I etc.

c. PANUNULUYAN – pagtatanghal bago mag-alas dose (12PM) ng gabi ng

2. PAMATLIG/DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUN – ito/this etc.
kapaskuhan
d. PANUBOL – parangal sa may kaarawan b. MELODRAMA – musical

e. KARILYO – ala-puppet show c. TRAHEDYA – death of main character

f. KURIDO – katapangan, kabayanihan, kababalaghan, pananampalataya d. PARSA – mga pangyayaring nakakatawa

g. SARSUELA – musical tungkol sa pag-ibig, paghihiganti atbp. masisidhing e. SAYNETE

damdamin
-karaniwang pag-uugali ng tao/ pook

C. ALAMAT – pinagmulan
C. TULANG PATNIGAN

D. ANEKDOTA – ugali, may mabuting aral

a. KARAGATAN – alamat ng singsing ng prinsesa na naihulog niya sa dagat sa

2. PATULA - may sukat,pantig,tugma,taludtod,saknong hangaring mapangasawa ang kasintahang mahirap.

A. TULANG PASALAYSAY - mahahalagang tago o pangyayari sa buhay. b. DUPLO – paligsahan ng husay sa pagtula

a. EPIKO – kabayanihan sa kababalaghan c. BALAGTASAN – pumalit sa Duplo

o BIDASARI, PARANG SABIR – Moro FIGURES OF SPEECH/TAYUTAY

o BIAG NI LAM ANG – Iloko PAG-UUGNAY O PAGHAHAMBING:

o MARAGTAS, HARAYA, LAGDA AT HARI SA BUKID – Bisaya 1. SIMILE/PAGTUTULAD – mayroong pangatnig

o KUMINTANG – Tagalog 2. METAPHOR/PAGWAWANGIS – walang pangatnig

o DAGOY AT SUDSUD – Tagbanua 3. ALUSYON – iba’t ibang aspekto ng buhay ng tao

o TATUANG - Bagobo 4. METONYMY/PAGPAPALIT-TAWAG

b. AWIT o KORIDO - kaharian 5. SYNECDOCHE/SINEKDOKE – pagbanggit ng isa upang tukuyin ang kabuuan

c. TULA NG DAMDAMIN o LIRIKI – own feeling Hal: Dalawang bibig ang umaasa kay Romeo.

MGA TULANG LIRIKO: PAGLALARAWAN:

o AWITING BAYAN – kalungkutan 6. HYPERBOLE/ PAGMAMALABIS o EKSAHERASYON

o ELEHIYA – yumao 7. APOSTROPHE/PAGTAWAG – pakikipag-usap sa hindi buhay o malayong tao. Hal:

Ulan, tumigil ka na.

o DALIT – pagpupuri sa Diyos

8. EXCLAMATION/PAGDARAMDAM – strong feeling.

o PASTORAL – buhay sa bukid

9. PARADOX/PARADOKS -“malayo ma’y malapit pa rin”

o ODA – papuri

10. OXYMORON/PAGTATAMBIS - paradox w/ extra words

B. TULANG DULA O PANGTANGHALAN

PAGSASALIN NG KATANGIAN:
a. KOMEDYA
11. PERSONIFICATION/PAGSASATAO 4. ELEGY –death of individual

PAGSASATUNOG: 5. EPIC – tells a story about heroic figure

12. ONOMATOPOEIA/PANGHIHIMIG – tunog ang paksa 6. EULOGY – message for the dead

13. ALLITERATION/PAG-UULIT – repetition of 1st letter in the 1st word. Ex: Dinggin 7. FREE VERSE (vers libre) – without meter but with rhyme

mo ang Diyos na Dinadakila

8. HAIKU – Japanese poem about nature. 5, 7, 5 (3 lines and 17 syllables)

14. REPITASYON – repetition of phrase. Ex: Tama! Tama!...

9. IDYLL (Idyl) – peaceful, idealized country scene

IBA PANG TAYUTAY NA GAMIT SA TULA:

10. LYRICS - thoughts and feelings

ALITERASYON – unang titik o pantig ay pare-pareho

11. NARRATIVE – tells story

ANADIPLOSIS – paggamit ng salita sa unahan at hulihan

12. ODE -typically serious/meditative nature, type of Lyric

EPIPORA – pag-uulit ng salita sa hulihan

13. PASTORAL –rural life in peaceful & romanticized way

PAG-UYAM – sarcasm
14. SONNET – Lyric poem consists of 14 lines

LITOTES – pagtanggi o pagkukunwari.

15. TANKA – Japanese poem: 5 lines, 31 syllables

TALUDTOD – linya sa tula

PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTIONS

UNFAMILIAR PARTS OF THE SPEECH

BIAK NA BATO – pact, thought of 1st Republic.

1. PREPOSITIONS-on, under, off, by, in near, for, to, since

- Spainards paid P200 000

2. CONJUNCTIONS (PANGATNIG)
1. MALOLOS CONSTITUTION – Apolinario Mabini

- para/for, at/and, nor, or, pero/but, yet, so, ni, ngunit

- rights of soldiers

3. INTERJECTION – with exclamation mark

- no Visayas yet in right of territories

PROPER SEQUENCE OF WORDS IN A SENTENCE

2. 1935 CONSTITUTION – adapted from American Const.

1. ARTICLES – a, an, the 2. OPINION 3. SIZE

3. 1943 CONSITUTION - Jose P. Laurel

4. AGE 5. SHAPE 6. COLOR

- Japan invades but gave freedom for Phil. to rule.

7. MATERIAL 8. PURPOSE
4. 1973 CONSTITUTION – Ferdinand Marcos

CLASSIFICATIONS OF POEM
- Martial Law – 60days max

1. BALLAD – narrative, less folk tale/legend, to be sung

- Nat’l Territory forced Kalayaan grp. of Islands & Saba

2. BLACK VERSE – with meter but no rhyme

5. 1987 CONSTITUTION - 18 articles

3. DRAMATIC MONOLOGUE – written in form of speech for individual character.

- past chairwoman: Cecilla Muñoz Palma (Feb 2, 1987) 1. AUGUSTINIAN – most intelligent

- Bill of Rights are for the criminals 2. FRANCISCAN – sends medical aids

JUS SANGUINI – blood JUS SOLI – place 3. JESUITS

SOME TYPES OF GOVERNMENTS 4. DOMINICANS – richest

1. COMMUNIST – classless society 5. RECOLECTS – most killed schools

- State plans and controls economy MARTYR PRIESTS

2. PARLIAMENTARY – majority of people voted 1. BURGOS – youngest, mastermind of secularization

3. REPUBLICAN – power comes from people 2. GOMEZ – Oldest, likes “sabong” and hid there

PHILIPPINE PRESIDENTS HOMO HABILIS – man of steel (bighead, uses muscle)

(AgQueLaOsRoQuiMagGarMaMarAquiRaEsArAquiDut) HOMO ERECTUS – man who discovered fire & clothes

ACTS HOMO SAPIENS – thinking man (can produce materials)

1. ASSOCIATION OF SE ASIAN NATIONS (ASEAN) UNFAMILIAR BRANCHES OF BIOLOGY

- Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, Brunei, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Indonesia, ANATOMY – inner organs ENTOMOLOGY – insects

Vietnam, Malaysia
BIOCHEMISTRY – chemical patterns of animals

2. BELL TRADE (PHILIPPINE TRADE ACT) – bet. Phil. & U.S.

ECOLOGY – living things bet. Each other in environment

3. KYOTO PROTOCOL (UNNCC)

EMBRYOLOGY – developmental patterns fr. zygote-birth

- fight global warming decreasing green house gases

GENETICS – heredity MYCOLOGY – fungi

4. RIO DE JANEIRO CONVENTION

HERPETOLOGY – reptiles and amphibians

- environment and sustainable development

HISTOLOGY – plant and animal tissues

5. TEJEROS CONVENTION – election

MORPHOLOGY – phenotype (appearance)

- Bonifacio elected as Director Imperior

ORNITHOLOGY – birds PARASITOLOGY – parasites

6. TREATY ON GENERAL RELATIONS

PALEONTOLOGY – fossils of animals and plants

- recognition of U.S. to Philippine freedom

PHYSIOLOGY – function of tissue, organ & system

7. UNDERWORLD-SIMMONS ACT – full free foreign trade

TAXONOMY – classification of living organisms

8. PAYNE ALDRICH ACT – partial free foreign trade

SCIENCE PROPONENTS

MISSIONARIES AND EXPEDITIONS

CAROLUS LINNAEUS – Father of Taxonomy - discovered by Mariner Ten

ROBERT HOOKE – termed “cells” (cellulae) 3. VENUS – Goddess of Love and Beauty (Mariner 2)

ANTON VAN LEUWENHOEK – 1st person to observe microscopic organisms (animal - Perfect sphere, sister planet of Earth

cule)
4. EARTH

ROBERT BROWN – discovered Nucleus

5. MARS – God of War, red planet (Mariner 9)

MATTHIAS SCHIEDEN (Botanist) & THEODORE (Zoologist)

6. JUPITER -Gas Giant, fastest rotating planet (10hrs less)

- found all plants consist of cells

- has Great Red Spot: huge storm for 350yrs

RUDOLF VIRCHOW – proposed cells come fr. existing cells

7. SATURN – God of Agriculture (chunks of rocks)

EARTH’S SPHERES
- made mostly of hydrogen

ATMOSPHERE – gaseous sphere protection from meteors

8. URANUS – Frederick William Herscel

Divided into five:

- Sky & Ice Giant, 3rd largest planet

 Troposphere

 Stratosphere

 Mesosphere

 Thermosphere

 Exosphere

HYDROSPHERE – water

LITHOSPHERE – oceanic and continental crust

BIOSPHERE – all life forms in Earth

CRYOSPHERE – ice ANTHROSPHERE – ancestors

PLANETS AND THEIR SEQUENCE

1. SUN – 99.86% of Solar System

- believed was formed 4.6 billion years ago

- Responsible for weather and climate

2. MERCURY – named after Roman God

- no satellite and atmosphere