Unit IG2: Risk assessment

Declaration: By submitting this assessment (Parts 1 – 4) for marking I declare that it is entirely my own work. I understand that falsely claiming that
the work is my own is malpractice and can lead to NEBOSH imposing severe penalties (see the NEBOSH Malpractice Policy for further information).

Important note: You must refer to the document ‘Unit IG2: risk assessment – Guidance and information for learners and Learning Partners’ while
completing all parts of this assessment. You’re learning Partner should provide you with a copy, but it can also be downloaded from the relevant
resources section for this qualification on the NEBOSH website.

Part 1: Background

You should aim to complete this section in 150 - 200 words.

Topic Comments
Name of organisation* Land Chester Enterprises
Site location* Lahore, Pakistan
Number of workers 360
The Land Chester Enterprises is a construction company and carries out the business of construction of villas, Malls,
Hotels, Renovation and upgradation projects and residential schemes. The company was established in 2001 and has
General description of the organisation many years of experience in the construction business. Company has completed about 200+ projects of varying nature.
Activities performed at the project include demolitions, plastering with cement, electrical wiring, painting, renovation of
roads, asphalt work, work at height, confined spaces, upgradation of water and sewage lines and other relevant services.
I selected the site of construction of a Central Mosque in Jasmine Villas, Lahore for risk assessment. The residential
Description of the area to be included in the risk project consists of a group of houses, Masjid, park, etc. the area of the Jasmine Villas is about 01 square Kilometre. The
assessment
covered area of mosque is about 500 square meter.
Company works in a single shift from 0900-1800 hrs. While Sundays are holidays. There is a site office where all the
necessary items are placed for use in the project. Vehicles are parked and many chemicals are stored. Project Manager is
Any other relevant information responsible for the health and safety matters and he reports to GM-construction. Project Manager is assisted by Safety
officer.
* If you’re worried about confidentiality, you can invent a false name and location for your organisation but, all other information provided must be
factual.

You should aim to complete this section in 100 - 200 words.

Learner number: Learner name: Page 1 of 14

 Note: this section can be completed after you have competed your risk assessment.
Outline how the risk assessment was
carried out this should include:
 sources of information consulted;
 who you spoke to; and
 how you identified:
- the hazards;
- what is already being done; and
- any additional controls/actions
that may be required
I looked for online resources to get information about workplace hazards, risks and control measures in construction sector.
I found useful information from ILO Conventions, recommendations and Codes of practices and In this regard ILO
convention C-167 Health and Safety in Construction (https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?
p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::P12100_ILO_CODE:C167) was found useful and provided latest information. British HSE
website (www.hse.gov.uk) also provided useful information from various legislations.
I spoke to the Project Manager who was responsible for the health and safety matters and he guided me to the safety officer
for workplace visit. Various hazards and risks were identified by interviews of the workers, site observations, medical
records, injury records, absentee records, welfare measures, HSE notices and other relevant data.
Company has taken necessary measures to tackle the hazards related to construction sector like PPEs (Helmets, shoes,
gloves) are provided to the workers. Measures are taken for protection from hazards like confined spaces, work at height,
slips and trips, cement hazard, fires, electricity etc.
I decided about additional control measures from ILO Conventions, Recommendations, Codes of Practice, (Health and
safety in Construction Convention C-167) and British HSE legislation.

Learner number: Learner name: Page 2 of 14

 Part 2: Risk Assessment
Organisation name:
Date of assessment:
Scope of risk assessment:
Hazard category and
hazard
FIRE
Patrol gallons and other
flammable chemicals were
placed near the electric
board. Highly flammable
small spark can cause the
fire.
WORK AT HEIGHT
There found workers
working on elevated
scaffold without using full
Learner number:
Land Chester Enterprises
08-05-2022
Project site of Central Mosque in Jasmine Vilas, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
Who might be harmed
and how?
People and machinery at the
workplace
Petrol is highly flammable
and at ambient room
temperature may catch fire
resulting in burns, respiratory
issues, hypothermia and
death may occur.
Raw materials and oils etc.
may also be burnt and
destroyed caused heavy loss
of property / financial loss
Workers , Public
Heading or moving for work
purposes can cause Fall from
height can result in broken
bones serve lead to death
Learner name:
What are you already
doing?
Inspection of the workplace
already implemented
Regular housekeeping done to
clean the flammable materials
away from the sparks producing
area
Workers work on the scaffolds
Scaffolds have been erected by
the competent persons
PPEs have been provided to
work at height
What further controls/actions Timescales for
are required? further actions Responsible
to be completed person’s job title
(within …)
1. Isolate the flammable storage 01 Week Project Manager
areas from other parts of the (1,2)
construction site
Site Engineer (3)
2. Provide automatic fire alarm
02 Weeks
system in the flammable storage
area
Safety Officer (4,5)
3. Install water sprinkler systems in
the flammable storage area 03 Months
4. Appoint competent supervisor for
ensuring the flammable storage
areas are regularly inspected. 01 Month
5. Provide fire resistant uniforms,
shoes, and gloves
02 Weeks
1. Stop the work. 01 day Project Manager
(1,2,3)
2. Areal platforms should be Site Supervisor (5,6)
03 Months
provided to stand firmly
HSE Trainer (4)
provided with surrounding grills
Page 3 of 14
Hazard category and
hazard
body harness while it was
not inspected since last
03 months even in the
presence of extreme
weathers.
HAZARDOUS
SUBSTANCES
Thinner bottles and the
drinking water bottles were
stored at the same place.
Thinner use was very toxic
to the workers.
Learner number:
Who might be harmed
and how?
Workers and other people
using water
Drinking thinner erroneously
may cause the harmful
effects like poisoning,
vomiting, unconsciousness,
allergies, digestive
problems.
Learner name:
What are you already
doing?
Seized the thinner and
returned to store
Tool box talk are practiced
Policies and procedures are
taught to the company
What further controls/actions Timescales for
are required? further actions Responsible
to be completed person’s job title
(within …)
3. Fall arrest equipment should be
03 Months
provided which may prevent the
risk of injuries from fall
4. Training for all employees
working at height 02 Weeks
5. refresher training to worker how
to secure the body harness 03 Days
Control work at height permit to
work system
6. Develop safe system of work
01 Month
1. Provide training on chemicals 02 weeks Project Manager (2)
handling use and storage those
involve in process Store Officer (3)
2. Instruct all the worker to returns 02 days HSE Trainer (1,5)
empty containers of thinner to
storeroom Safety Officer (4)
3. Only issue chemical that is
01 day
require to use within approved
container and properly labelled
Page 4 of 14
Hazard category and Who might be harmed What are you already What further controls/actions Timescales for
hazard and how? doing? are required? further actions Responsible
to be completed person’s job title
(within …)
4. Provide MSDS of the chemicals
02 Days
5. Train the workers in hazard
identification 03 weeks
Workers and visitors Regular maintenance and 1. Isolate the power supply 01 Month Electrician
Electricity inspection of Electrical and cover the damage wire (1,4,5,6,7)
Due to damage insulation If equipment and generator cables in insulated material(tape)
Safety Officer (2)
In engineering workshop someone comes into contact is done
area found some of with live part will received 2. Display the warnings sign 02 weeks HR Officer (3)
electrical wire cables electric shock, burn injury, Quarterly electrical safety audit is
insulation were damaged cardiac arrest, electrical fire, carried out to know the 3. Provide first aid training and 02 Weeks
and too many contract leading to death. weakness of system make aware of worker in
temporary workers were case of minor shock they
performing the task. competent persons are detailed should do
to handle the electrical
equipment and generator 4. Replace all the damage
01 week
wire with double insulated
wire

5. ELCB should be provided

04 Days
6. Implement the 3rd party
inspection 01 week
7. Reroute electrical wires as
much possible to away from
worker 04 days

Noise Workers and visitors Frequent job rotation of workers 1. Ear muffs/ ear plugs (PPEs) 03 days Project Manager
is practiced near the noisy area should be provided to the (All the Points)
High noise was produced by Due to the higher noise workers
the construction machinery exposure tingling in ears of

Learner number: Learner name: Page 5 of 14

Hazard category and
hazard
and equipment and few of
workers were working in
high noise area
Vibration
Cutting, grinding and drilling
are main activities of
construction engineering
causing heavy vibration
Learner number:
Who might be harmed What are you already What further controls/actions Timescales for
and how? doing? are required? further actions Responsible
to be completed person’s job title
(within …)
workers, ringing of bells, Routine maintenance of the
temporary hearing loss due to machinery is carried out 2. Educate the workers about the 05 days
short term exposure and hazards of noise and ways of
permanent hearing loss due to protection
high and long-term exposure Some noise producing machines
may occur. are insulated by providing noise 3. Provide health surveillance
enclosure 01 Month
Noise may also cause stress
and depression in workers as 4. PPE’s stock should be present
01 Month
they are exposed to noise for all the time
more than 5 hrs. daily while
visitors are very less affected 5. Carry out the inspection of
PPEs before and after the use 02 days
6. Audiometry should be carried
out to analyse the workers 02 weeks and
hearing conditions repeat after one
year
Workers No significant controls have been 1. Use low vibration equipment 02 weeks Project Manager
observed (1,2,3,4)
All the jobs of fabrication 2. Handle the equipment with 01 day
needs cutting, grinding and minimum strength Electrician (5)
drilling of iron structures with
grinders and drills producing 3. Provide and Use anti-vibration 02 Weeks Safety Officer (6)
heavy vibrations which may gloves
lead to HAVS or Carpel
Tunnel Syndrome and MSDs. 4. Avoid continuous exposure by 02 days
rest breaks
5. Properly maintain the tools 02 Weeks
6. Ensure health surveillance of
Learner name: Page 6 of 14
Hazard category and
hazard
CONFINED SPACE
Glass reinforced plastic
lining work for internal
water proofing was in
progress in water tank,
noticed that there is no
means of communication
between the inside worker
and attainder /standby
man. And with without gas
testing meters were
working in confined space
Manual Handling
excessive manual handling
at different tasks at work site
due to non-availability of
mechanical devices, for the
transportation of cement
bags, loading, unloading etc.
Learner number:
Who might be harmed
and how?
Workers entering confined
space
There is risk of the oxygen
deficiency, gases, rising
temperature, hazardous
fumes chemical in case of
emergency contact with
attainder for help is difficult &
due to late help call
remaining unattended can
prove fatal.
Workers shifting the cement
bags and other materials
There was severe risk of
musculoskeletal disorders due
to excessive manual handling
activity leading to back pain,
muscular pain, and spinal disc
injuries.
Learner name:
What are you already What further controls/actions Timescales for
doing? are required? further actions Responsible
to be completed person’s job title
(within …)
workers 02 Months
Work activity is stopped if more 1. Instruct the stand by man to 01 Day Project Manager
hazard regular call check (1,2,3)
Only competent person are 2. Implement the job rotation 2 Days Site Supervisor (4,5)
involved in the task full body
harness should be provided. 3. Provide the means of 01 Week
communication such as radio
Entry and exit time sheet is
maintained by the attainder 4. Gas and oxygen level should be At the start of
monitored regularly and reading work
Entry into confined space sheet should be maintained
is controlled through
permit to work system 5. follow permit to work system 02 days
Job rotation is the main existing 1. Training should be provided on 01 Week Mechanical
control measure to reduce the the hazards of manual handling Engineer (1,6)
effects on the workers/ handlers
2. Provide fork lifters to shift heavy 02 Months
loads Project Manager
(2,3,7)
3. Provide handheld trollies for
01 Week
carrying loads to short distances Site supervisor (4,5)
4. Frequent rests/ breaks should
01 day
be made part of activity
5. Only healthy and fit workers
should be detailed for the job 01 Day
6. Train the workers in good lifting
Page 7 of 14
Hazard category and
hazard
ERGONOMIC
Store keeper was sitting in
the chair without head
support and back is very
hard and non-adjustable.
Hazardous Substances
Heavy construction dust is
produced from excavation,
demolition, handling and
mixing of cement
Learner number:
Who might be harmed
and how?
Store Keeper
Sitting in ergonomically unfit
chair for extended hours may
cause WRULD, back pain,
fatigue, shoulder pain.
Workers and General Public
Heavy construction dust
prevails at the site and
surroundings producing a risk
of skin irritation, allergies
(Dermatitis), asthma,
respiratory problems and
lungs disease
Learner name:
What are you already What further controls/actions Timescales for
doing? are required? further actions Responsible
to be completed person’s job title
(within …)
techniques to reduce the effects 03 days
of hazards
7. Conveyors may be used to
carry the loads to the height 01 Month
Provided the short breaks 1. Replaced the chair with 01 week Project Manager
good head support and (1,2)
adjustable chair
recommended star chair Safety Officer (3,4)
2. Rearrange the work station
2 days
3. Conduct the risk
1 week
assessment of work station.
4. Educate the store keeper
about ergonomic hazards 03 days
The Workers were using safety 1. Appropriate breaks and shift 01 day Project Manager
helmets with visors rotations should be practiced (1,4,5,6)
Workers were provided with 2. Provide a limit for the exposure 02 days Safety Officer (2,3,7)
safety boots to dust and implement the
system
Spray of water was being done
in the morning and evening 3. Strict monitoring and 01 week
supervision should be
implemented
Page 8 of 14
Hazard category and Who might be harmed What are you already What further controls/actions Timescales for
hazard and how? doing? are required? further actions Responsible
to be completed person’s job title
(within …)
4. RPEs should be provided to the
workers to work in the dusty 04 days
environment

5. Provide face masks to the site

staff
01 day

6. provide FLTs to transport

cement bags
01 Month
7. Ensure that workers use RPEs
during the mixing of cement
01 day
Fires Workers, visitors, general Firefighting trainings are given to 1. Keep flammable material away 02 days Project Manager
public all the employees from welding place (1,2)
Welding work was being
Welding sparks may become
carried and sparks were Fire and evacuation drills are 2. Improve housekeeping and 03 weeks Store Officer (3,4,5)
source of ignition a wood and
being produced and lots of practiced stack the wood away from the
other material may catch fire
combustible dry wood and ignition sources
resulting in severe burns, loss
other materials were lying
of life and property smoke
there 3. Store only limited quantity of the
may cause choking hazard to 03 days
combustibles
workers and general public in
the surrounding area
4. If shifting not possible then wet
02 days
the combustibles with water
before welding

5. Provide fire extinguishers

05 days
Welder, Helper and workers Area is cleared from Flammables 1. Grounding should be provided 02 Days Electrician
Electricity and combustibles before to all machines (1,3,6)

Learner number: Learner name: Page 9 of 14

Hazard category and Who might be harmed What are you already What further controls/actions Timescales for
hazard and how? doing? are required? further actions Responsible
to be completed person’s job title
(within …)
All the above present in commencing welding
Poor electrical connection of welding and grinding area can 2. Grinding machine guards are 01 Week Project Manager
electrical welding and be affected due to poor Welding Goggles and gloves not appropriate need to be (2,7)
electrical connection which
grinding machines. available. provided
cause fire and electrocution,
also can be struck by broken Site Supervisor
grinding wheel. And can have 3. Electrical cables and cords must (3,4)
01 week
health issues due to welding be routed properly to avoid trip
fumes hazards

4. Gas Masks to avoid welding

fumes should be provided 01 Week

5. Medical Surveillance of workers

exposed in that area may be 01 Week
carried out

6. Area need to be barricaded to

avoid unauthorized entry. 02 Days

7. Training for workers required

01 Month

Learner number: Learner name: Page 10 of 14

 Part 3: Prioritise 3 actions with justification for the selection
Suggested word counts
Moral and financial arguments for all actions: 300 to 350 words
For EACH action:
Specific legal arguments: 100 to 150 words
Likelihood AND severity: 75 to 150 words
How effective the action is likely to be in controlling the risk: 100 to 150 words

Moral and financial arguments for ALL actions

Moral, general legal and financial
arguments
Number of accidents is highest in the construction in the world. Companies have also realized that workers are of utmost importance for
the good place in the market. Those companies having good moral values for the workers are more respected by the customers and
company employees. It is the moral duty of employer to take responsible care of the workers, take care of their health and safety,
provide them safe workplace, safe equipment, and welfare facilities. If the employer do not fulfill the moral duty of care then he may
face serious consequences of losing skilled workers, loss of morale, increase sickness, increased staff turnover rate and losing
competitive advantage.
If I look into the position of workers in the country then they are not in the position to stop the humiliation by the employers and fire them
from the jobs. ILO conventions and recommendations provide protection to the workers against the austerity measures of the employers
and ensures their protection from all the threats to their health and safety. Legally, as already stated, company is bound by law to provide
resources and protect the employees. Following legislation if found useful regarding the actions and hazards.
ILO C-155 and R-164 require article-3 (m) “prevention of fires and explosions and measures to be taken in case of fire or explosion”
(https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::P12100_ILO_CODE:R164)
R-156 of ILO asks the employer to provide protection against dusts, noise and vibration
(https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::P12100_ILO_CODE:R156)
Non-compliance may lead to the enforcement notices, compensations, fines, court cases, closure of business and even imprisonments.
The main aim of business if to earn profits while all the above three hazards cost money to the business which may directly or indirectly
reduce the profits and even may lead to loss. Therefore, the organization have to protect the people (workers, public, visitors,
contractors) from the adverse effects of these hazards to save the money to be incurred on many provisions. The costs may be linked
with loss of raw materials, low standard products, loss of productive hours, loss of production time, damage to plant and machinery, staff
turnover etc. all these will cost some money to the organization and it will in the benefit of company to protect the employees etc.

Learner number: Learner name: Page 11 of 14

 Justification for action 1
Action
Specific legal arguments
Consideration of likelihood AND severity
How effective the action is likely to be in
controlling the risk. This should include:
 the intended impact of the action;
 justification for the timescale that you
indicated in your risk assessment;
and
 Whether you think the action will fully
control the risk.
Justification for action 2
Action
Specific legal arguments
Consideration of likelihood AND severity
How effective the action is likely to be in
controlling the risk. This should include:
 the intended impact of the action;
 justification for the timescale that you
indicated in your risk assessment;
and
Learner number:
Flammable chemicals should be kept away from welding (Hazard Category: Fires)
ILO C-155 and R-164 require article-3 (m) “prevention of fires and explosions and measures to be taken in case of fire or explosion”
(https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::P12100_ILO_CODE:R164)
The likelihood of ooccurrence of fires from the welding activity is high in the presence of flammable materials because sprinter,
sparks and spatters produced from welding equipment is may cause huge fires which may damage the lives of the workers,
raw materials, vehicles, machinery by heat and smoke which may also claim lives of the trapped workers. The severity of the
hazard will be high.
The action will have a positive impact on the health and safety of workers. Keeping the flammables away from the welding place will have a
good impact in controlling the hazard. The action will stop the fire hazard and save the life and property of the workers and organization.
I have selected a timescale of 02 days for the completion of action and the action will be completed successfully as the shifting of flammables
may be easily completed.
It is hoped that the risk of hazard will be controlled completely and effectively.
RPEs should be provided to the workers to work in the dusty environment (Hazard Category: Hazardous Substances)
ILO C-170 article-13 (f) where recourse to the above measures does not suffice, the provision and proper maintenance of personal
protective equipment and clothing at no cost to the worker, and the implementation of measures to ensure their use.
https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::P12100_INSTRUMENT_ID:312315
Due to the careless nature of abrasive blasting operators and avoidance of the use of PPEs and other measures the likelihood of
injuries and adverse health effects is high and inhalation of sand dust and particles suspended in the air will also be high in the
absence of protection measures. Due to the severe health effects like silicosis, allergies and asthm of abrasive dust the severity of
injury will be high;
Controlling the shot blasting/ abrasive blasting activity by poviding RPEs will have a good and positive impact on the health of workers and they
will be protected from the risk of hazard. This will enable to protect the operators and other exposed persons from health and safety effects like
injuries and respiratory issues. The main problem of Silicosis will be controlled effectively which may result in prevention / control of lung cancer
and other respiratory problems.
I have given a timescale of 04 days for the completion of action as it will need to get approvals, managing finance and purchase from the local
Learner name: Page 12 of 14
 Whether you think the action will fully
control the risk.
Justification for action 3
Action
Specific legal arguments
Consideration of likelihood AND severity
How effective the action is likely to be in
controlling the risk. This should include:
 the intended impact of the action;
 justification for the timescale that you
indicated in your risk assessment;
and
 Whether you think the action will fully
control the risk.
Learner number:
market and provision to the wokrers. The action will be enough for arranging finance and RPEs and the action will be completed within time.
The suggested control measure is enough to protect the wokers from the risk of hazard.
Ear muffs/ ear plugs (PPEs) should be provided to the workers (Hazard Category: Noise)
R-156 of ILO asks the employer to provide protection against dusts, noise and vibration
(https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::P12100_ILO_CODE:R156)
Likelihood of damage to the hearing of workers and others is qiute high due to previsou injury records and loss of hearing due to
continuous exposre to the noise above threshold and its severity will be equally high due to regular use of cutting, grinding, pressing
equipment and machinery.
Measures like provision and use of PPEs to the wokers and other exposed pesons will reduce the effects of noise significantly and other
measures like noise barriers, workers rotation and workload management will also be effective and reduce the hazardous effects of
noise. The main contributor will be the above action.
I have given a timescale of 03 days for the completion of action which will include approvals, finance, purchase and provision to the
workers.
By using ear muffs/ ear plugs the hazard will be controlled effectively within timescale of 03 days and the time will be enough for the
complete action.
Learner name: Page 13 of 14
 Part 4: Review, communicate and check
Suggested word counts for each section:
 Planned review date or period and reasoning for this: 50 - 100 words
 How the risk assessment findings will be communicated and who needs to know the information: 100 - 150 words
 Follow up on the risk assessment: 100 - 150 words.

Planned review date/ period with
reasoning
How the risk assessment findings will be
communicated AND who you need to tell
How you will follow up on the risk
assessment to check that the actions
have been carried out
According to company policy the risk assessment will be reviewed after 01 year and the review date will be 08-05-2023. Risk
assessment can also be reviewed after any accidents, change of machinery, new induction, change of laws and standards and other
special conditions.
Risk assessment findings will be communicated to Managing Director, General Manager, all Managers, supervisors, safety officer,
engineers and workers. Management is more important to be informed about the assessment findings. I will prepare reports and will
send to the management through e mails. I will create a WhatsApp group and will post my findings in the group. Assessment findings
will also be displayed on the notice boards. I will arrange a lecture and will deliver my findings to workers by using multimedia
system. Assessment reports will also be discussed in safety meetings.
I will arrange meetings with Health and Safety committee to find out the progress against each action. I will prepare a checklist to
check the status of implementation and to know whether the proposed measures are being followed or not. If any action looks like not
going to be completed on time, I will talk to Finance Manager to arrange additional resource for the completion of the action. I will
also talk to Safety Officer and Operation Manager to submit follow up reports on weekly basis. I will also make surprise visits of the
workplace to check the progress and the implementation of proposed actions. I will follow up with workers, supervisors and
maintenance staff. If necessary actions were not implemented on time I will arrange meeting with relevant authority i.e. Director and
give explanation about the benefits of health and safety culture in an organization. Safety tour of the site could also be conducted
for higher management to witness HSE arrangements of the site. Lack of any resources will be arranged by the relevant people.

Learner number: Learner name: Page 14 of 14